DE1149679B - Device for automatic locking and unlocking of self-supporting caps to be plucked - Google Patents

Description

GERMAN

PATENT OFFICE

G29358VIa / 5c

REGISTRATION DATE: APRIL 1, 1960

NOTICE THE REGISTRATION AND ISSUE OF THE EDITORIAL: JUNE 6, 1963

The invention relates to the traveling longwall construction with units consisting of rams, supporting blocks or frames and pre-seized from these directly in the direction of the haulage, if necessary, caps resting on these supports exist.

These caps are generally held in a cantilevered manner by a locking element acting as an expanding wedge, which is supported on a surface of the fixed cap or the expansion frame on the one hand and the pre-seized cap on the other hand and this prevents them from pivoting downwards from any adjustable angular position.

These locking elements must first be brought into the correct position and then firmly driven are usually operated by hand so far, i. i.e., their proper operation, which is a time consuming and represents a significant effort-related work process is largely dependent on the attention and will of the worker.

The inventor has therefore already proposed that these locking elements be driven in by machine and to solve and for this purpose on the extension element carrying the locking member to arrange a cylinder actuated by a pressure medium.

In a further development of this proposal, the invention creates a particularly simple and technical one advantageous way of operating the locking elements, which are not just for actuation of a single element, but with a particular advantage for joint operation of the Locking elements of two adjacent caps are suitable. This task occurs in particular recently developed expansion methods in which the caps are removed from a support frame or be pre-attached from on this overlying caps. Here you can use a trestle if necessary, two pre-pledging caps can also be worn in a side-by-side arrangement. Under Under certain circumstances, the arrangement of a third or fourth cap on a bracket can also be expedient be.

The device according to the invention, according to its basic idea, consists in one in the axial direction of the locking element to be actuated on this reversible pressure cylinder. This pressure cylinder, which can be operated by compressed air or hydraulic fluid, is preferred designed as a special component and either its piston rod or its cylinder body Device for mechanical locking

and unlocking the cantilever

pre-pledged caps

Applicant:

Dipl.-Ing. Karl M. Groetschel,
Bochum, Schützenbahn 3-5

Dipl.-Ing. Karl M. Groetschel, Bochum,
has been named as the inventor

with the for the purpose of swiveling up and tensioning the pre-seized cap in one and for the purpose of swiveling away the same in the opposite direction to be moved locking elements connected.

This connection of the piston rod or cylinder with the locking element can be more effective Way done under directly aligned arrangement of the cylinder with the locking element. If, for reasons of space, the pressure device is at a lateral distance from the locking element is arranged parallel to this, their application of force to the locking element either takes place via an approach protruding from this, preferably forming a unit with it, or via a Linkage of double levers that work with the pushing device and with the locking element (s) to be operated are articulated.

In the above-mentioned case, in which the locking elements of two are arranged side by side Caps are to be operated, if these according to a special feature of the invention as oppositely effective wedge bodies are formed, both by acting on the pressure device Elements are moved in the locking or releasing direction until each has its respective end position has reached.

The double-acting design of the pressure device has the advantage that the pressure piston Loosening the locking element without additional manual intervention being required, too then still guaranteed when the locking element already has certain indentations as a result of overloading or has deformations.

309 599/42

3 4

That is why the use of the double-acting elements 2, 2 ' of the pre-seized caps 3 corresponding to the pressure device, especially for such caps, is only possible, whose locking elements aim with their cross-section along the line AA that of the pivoting of the other connecting parts and Fig. 1, caps 1 and 4 of the body of the caps are designed in such a way, 5 According to the first possibility, a hydraulic one that they give way when overloaded by planned double piston cylinder 6 between the two caps formation. in the alignment of the locking elements 2, 2 '

The arrangement of double-acting, arranged by others, and its piston rods 7, T act immediately on the expansion unit, if necessary, directly on the oppositely arranged locking pressure medium systems independently controllable Zy- io elements, which also makes it possible to relieve each individual pre-pledging at the same time when the piston is extended into the effective position, to be relaxed at any time when retracting into the cap and brought downwards ineffective position, to pivot as well as the reverse process.

also to be carried out independently. This possible 6 by arranging a middle wall, which for Speed can be very desirable if, after the end of 15, each piston creates its own cylinder space Only subdivide the advancement and tensioning of the expansion unit and, moreover, on a fixed part of the borrowed to store an expansion immovable on one or the other Vorpfändkappe as well as, if necessary Correction or addition, e.g. B. the subsequent in addition to a common one for each piston Insertion of a delay must be made. a control independent of that of the other The formation of the pressure cylinder or cylinders is to be provided as 20.

self easily switched on and removable components ER- I _n the same figure is also the possibility

possible in an advantageous manner at any time you can easily illustrate one of the exchanges below each cap. releasably attached simple hydraulic cylinder

The actuating device according to the invention is to be provided in the 6 ', 6 " , the pistons of this cylinder with particular advantage also being connected to each other by means of an elastic crossbeam, which is also not shown in the drawing (spring steel or the like) In order to be able to take up load on lugs 8, 8 'of the locking elements at an early stage, these require one acting 2, 2' , the two only via the speaking control valves provided with particularly strong pre-pressure on the hanging wall Pressure medium cannot be reached with human power alone.

The invention represents a significant further of the 6 ', 6 "can be both common and each for Step on the path of perfect mechanics in one direction as in the other sizing of the longwall construction because they are operated automatically.

table implementation of the process of setting the the third in Fig. 2 by dash-dotted lines

Self-supporting, pre-seized caps such as the option indicated below illustrates a bottom-down pivoting the same, both an additional example for the power transmission from individual as well as two or more side-by-side pressure cylinders 6 on the locking elements the other a linkage pre-seized by a trestle. Such a linkage can, such as darge caps enables. poses, hanging or where the structural circumstances it

It is evident that the invention does not allow anything with 40 to be arranged horizontally the known measure has to do with a cap Fig. 3 shows an arrangement in which the

by a spring or a hydraulic cylinder acting with such an equivalent cylinder 6 "' below the cap 1 on the anvalent, without a rigid set 8" of the locking element of the same, swiveling up and thus disordered and its piston rod on the attachment 8 '"acts indirectly, but elastically yielding to pressure, from the locking element 2' of the cap 4.

In the pictures are some ways to practice and cylinder while balancing the pressures that Realization of the above basically marked- on the two locking elements are drawn Idea of the invention applied to the, apart.

two adjacent, e.g. B. of an expansion 5 ° Fig. 4 shows a schematic representation of one of Bock shown from pre-seized caps. the slightly different possibilities indicated in Fig. 2

Fig. 1 shows a side view of an articulated cap 1, transmission linkage, resting on a support frame that is not shown in the arrangement and design of a pressure support. As can be seen, here the locking element 2 is articulated to the locking elements 2, 2 'by means of a pressure cylinder 6 "operated 55 to be moved by the pressure device 6 and arranged with the caps, and one on this cap by means of the locking arms is connected to the Pressure cylinder receiving lungs element 2 cantilevered pre-seized cap 3, crank and are at their opposite end, which has an incision in the end wall, directly connected to each other by a joint, which in the event of overloading of the cap Fig. 5 shows the also possible arrangement

yielding sloping bar 5 of the bolt 2 engages. 60 co-rotating locking elements. In this case Hidden by this figure, at a distance from it, two are butted to one another with their bottom surfaces second same cap arrangement to think of. connected to the other and to the cap 1 through

In Fig. 1 there is also a double line held in place by a dot-dashed pin in the working direction also a possibility of designing the acting pressure cylinders 6 ', 6 "in the pledged lock Cap indicated as a leaf spring. 6g elements of a parallel arrangement are used which,

Fig. 2 shows three possibilities of arrangement as can be seen, combined into a single body of the hydraulic actuating cylinder for are. The piston rods of these cylinders act on the two oppositely arranged locking lugs 8 ', 8 of the locking elements. These too

Cylinders can be controlled to work together or independently.

An exact alignment of the locking elements with one another can according to a special feature of the invention in the simplest way by replacing the short single hinge pins otherwise present on each cap 14 (Fig. 1) by a common one extending through the bolt holes of both caps Hinge pins can be achieved. This continuous axis can have a second function by that it is provided with appropriate stops, also as a mutual bracing of the caps 1 and 4 with respect to the forces of the pressure device acting on them.

In Fig. 6, an arrangement similar to that shown in Figs. 2 and 4 is shown in plan view. According to this embodiment, the opposing locking elements 2, 2 'of the caps 1 and 4 are pushed through with their piston rods 7, T through openings 9, 9' provided in the caps with ample play via a lever linkage arranged in the center plane of the caps actuated. The arms 12, 12 'of this linkage are connected by joints 13, 13' to the locking elements 2, 2 'and by joints 15, 15' to the piston rods of the pressure cylinder, namely, as can be seen, one with two pistons working in opposite directions . At their other end they are slidably mounted on cap projections 16, 16 '. The arrangement of the pressure device, which is articulated on both sides and allows sufficient movements in all directions, secures it against eccentric loads.

Figure 6 also shows, in a preferred embodiment, the above for alignment purposes and mutual support of the caps proposed common hinge pin. As can be seen, is the common axis in this case created by the fact that the pre-seized caps 3, 3 ' with the bolts 14, 14 'connecting the caps 1 and 4 resting on the trestle by screwing Od. The like. Are combined with a tubular center piece 17 to form a continuous whole.

Fig. 7 shows schematically a further possibility, with the arrangement of the actuating device outside the alignment of the locking elements the actuating device while avoiding its own harmful Allow stresses to act centrally on the locking elements.

As can be seen, in this case the double piston cylinder 6 ″ ″ is mounted in two deeply telescopic guide sleeves 18, 18 ′ which can be displaced away from one another as a result of the action of the pressure pistons. These sleeves, of which one, 18, is connected to one piston rod by means of the pin 19, the other, 18 ', to the other piston rod by means of the pin 19', form the force of the cylinder via the attachment 20 and the joint 21 on the locking element 2 and via the extension 20 'and the joint 21' on the locking element 2 ' transferring rods.

All described embodiments see articulated, easily detachable connections of the piston rods with the locking elements, which are designed so that they also in a very simple manner enable the frequently required replacement of a locking element.

It can prove to be expedient to use the locking elements to be actuated together, as indicated in Fig. 5, in addition to the recess in the caps that accommodates them Given leadership another leadership, be it through approaches 10 or the space between the both caps bridging traverses 11 to give.

Claims (11)

Patent claims: 1. Device for automatic locking and unlocking of cantilever preexisting Caps, characterized by one in the axial direction of the locking element to be actuated, preferably designed as a special component, reversible acting on this Printing cylinder. 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by a preferably double piston pressure cylinder trained pressure cylinder for either simultaneous or individual operation of the locking elements two next to each other arranged, e.g. B. caps worn by a common trestle (Fig. 2). 3. Apparatus according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the piston rod of the pressure cylinder lies in the axis of the oppositely arranged locking elements of the two caps (Fig. T). 4. Embodiment of the device according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the Pressure cylinder engages on a transversely directed approach of the locking element (Fig. 3). 5. Apparatus according to claim 1, 2 and 4, characterized in that under opposite directions Arrangement of the locking elements of the cylinder body of the printing cylinder firmly with a shoulder the one locking element and its piston rod with an approach of the other locking element connected (Fig. 3). 6. Apparatus according to claim 1 to 5, characterized in that the reversible The pressure cylinder is one with two pistons working in opposite directions (Fig. 2, 4, 5, 6 and 7). 7. Apparatus according to claim 2 to 6, characterized in that with an arrangement in the same direction of the locking elements of the two caps in two aligned pressure cylinders an arrangement parallel to the direction of movement of the locking elements is provided, whose piston rods are each connected to a projection of a locking element (Fig. 5). 8. Apparatus according to claim 1 to 7, characterized in that the piston rod or piston rods the or the pressure cylinder are articulated with the associated approach of the locking element (Fig. 3). 9. Apparatus according to claim 1 to 6, characterized in that the articulated connection the piston rod or piston rods of the pressure cylinder or cylinders with the associated Approaches of the locking elements indirectly via a spreadable by the pressure cylinder Lever linkage takes place (Fig. 2, 4 and 6). 10. Apparatus according to claim 2 to 9, characterized in that a double piston cylinder in two by the action of the pressure piston away from each other as is mounted to slide guide sleeves from each other, the have solid, in turn articulated with the locking elements connected transverse lugs (Fig. 7). 11. The device according to claim 2 to 10, characterized in that the two adjacent Caps a single, crosswise tang continuous hinge pin is assigned to the caps against lateral displacement has securing, preferably collar-like approaches (Fig. 6). Considered publications:
German Auslegeschrift No. 1069100;
British Patent No. 797,673. 1 sheet of drawings © 309 599/42 5.63