DE10358905A1 - Expansion bolt for fitting in wall has drive member movable axially by turning in threaded boring - Google Patents

Abstract

The bolt has a shell (1) bounding a central boring with rear threaded sector and front conical sector (13). It has slots in the front end, forming deformable claws (12). A ball (2) is inside the conical boring. There is a drive member (3) in the boring, with an outer thread to engage with that of the shell. The drive member can thus be turned to move it axially in the threaded boring in order to drive the ball axially towards the front end to deform the claws outward.

Description

The invention relates generally an expansion bolt, in particular one to be actuated by an internal drive Expansion bolt which has a spherical part or a ball accommodated therein, by means of low resistance and in a uniform manner a sleeve can be stretched.

Expansion bolts are inserted into such by means of an external drive to be operated Expansion bolts and those to be actuated by means of an internal drive Expansion bolts classified. Both types of expansion bolts require a "force attack" at one end of the Bolt to a sleeve to stretch. The 'force attack' that the bolt acted upon, cannot be controlled well and can also sometimes the destruction cause a wall in which the expansion bolt is fixed. Because about it moreover, after applying the force most of the bolt completely in the hole formed in the wall is for an observer no way to check if the bolt is properly set. this includes the risk of damage, if a big one Load is applied to the bolt. Furthermore, one Expansion pin of the internal drive a tool extending into the pin required to transmit the "force attack" to the bolt.

A thread provided inside the bolt is therefore common through the tool during force applied damaged.

In the Taiwan patent publication No. 345,247 by the inventor describes an expansion bolt. This has an internally threaded sleeve that has a tapered bore limited, in which a cone is movably arranged. Is in the sleeve a drive element is provided which engages with the cone stands and also is in threaded engagement with the internal thread. If the drive element in the sleeve is screwed, the drive element drives the cone axially the tapered bore in the sleeve, so that thereby the sleeve extends radially. A disadvantage of this known training is in the big one Frictional force that is generated when the cone is close to the driven smaller diameter end of the tapered bore becomes. This is due to the big one Interface between the cone and the cone bore.

The Taiwan patent publication also describes No. 390 394 the inventor an expansion bolt in which the drive element one piece is formed with the cone so that a uniform drive and expansion element is movably received in the sleeve. From the same reasons However, this unitary drive and expansion element has a large frictional force subject when it's close of the smaller diameter end of the tapered bore is moved. Because about it out the sleeve the expansion bolt is generally not manufactured with high precision, To a certain extent, the uniform drive and expansion element is one undesirable eccentricity in terms of the sleeve subjected. This makes it even more difficult to put the cone in one uniform Way to drive.

The invention is therefore the object based on the expansion bolt to eliminate the disadvantages described to design such that he uniform and with little force for easy installation actuated can be a precise Control of the stretching effect and thus the fixing effect allowed, while its installation does not run the risk of damaging its thread, and eventually one has excellent fixing effect.

The characteristics of the solution to this Task created expansion bolt according to the invention result from claim 1. Advantageous refinements thereof are in the further claims described.

The expansion bolt according to the invention has a Sleeve on, in which a central bore is formed. This is with one inner threaded portion and a front tapered portion. in the front end part of the sleeve radial slots are provided, some of which are in connection with the tapered bore and form a plurality of deformable claws. There is at least one spherical part or a ball in the tapered bore recorded, whose diameter is larger than the smallest diameter the tapered bore, which makes the spherical part effective in the Tapered bore is held. A drive link that has an external thread has, is in the threaded bore in screw engagement with this, so that this the spherical Part can be acted upon axially. When the drive link is screwed becomes spherical Part pressed towards the front end of the sleeve. Because of the conical shape the tapered bore has the movement of the spherical part towards the front End of the sleeve as a result that the Claws outwards pressed in the radial direction or deformed and thereby the expansion bolt in a hole set that is formed, for example, in a wall.

• 1) Da die Berührungsfläche zwischen dem sphärischen Teil und der Kegelbohrung des Dehnungsbolzens klein ist, ist auch die Antriebskraft zur Überwindung des Widerstandes beim Festlegen des Dehnungsbolzens beträchtlich reduziert, wodurch sich der Dehnungsbolzen gleichförmig und leicht betätigen bzw. installieren läßt.
• 2) Da das sphärische Teil automatisch seine Relativstellung in Bezug auf die Kegelbohrung justiert, ist die Gefahr einer Exzentrizität zwischen dem sphärischen Teil und der Kegelbohrung automatisch beseitigt.
• 3) Da die Ausdehnung bzw. Verformung der Klauen in Proportion zur Bewegung des sphärischen Teils entlang der Kegelbohrung erfolgt und da die Bewegung des sphärischen Teils von der Axialbewegung des Antriebsgliedes abhängt, die durch die Schraubbetätigung gesteuert ist, kann auch das Ausmaß der Ausdehnung oder der Verformung der Klauen aufgrund des gut kontrollierbaren Schraubvorganges präzise gesteuert werden.
• 4) Da die Bewegung des sphärischen Teils durch eine Schraubbewegung des Antriebsgliedes bewirkt wird, ist kein "Kraftangriff" auf den Dehnungsbolzen erforderlich. Es ist daher die Gefahr einer Beschädigung des Innengewindes des Dehnungsbolzens vollständig beseitigt.
• 5) Die Installation des Dehnungsbolzens gemäß der Erfindung kann leicht dadurch erfolgen, daß zuerst eine Bohrung in einer Halterung gebildet wird, sodann der Dehnungsbolzen in die Bohrung eingeführt und schließlich das Antriebsglied hineingeschraubt wird. Es ist daher keinerlei "Kraftangriff" oder eine andere Betätigung erforderlich, die das Aufbringen einer großen Kraft erfordert.
• 6) Durch das Anordnen von zwei oder mehr sphärischen Teilen in der Kegelbohrung können die Klauen, nachdem sie durch das erste sphärische Teil verformt worden sind, durch das zweite sphärische Teil in ihrer verformten Stellung gehalten werden.
• 7) Das Antriebsglied kann durch eine Standardschraubmutter gebildet sein, wodurch die Herstellungskosten des Dehnungsbolzens reduziert werden.
• 8) Der Dehnungsbolzen gemäß der Erfindung kann eine Vielzahl von Anwendungen aufweisen. So kann der Dehnungsbolzen beispielsweise – zusätzlich zu seiner Anwendung als regulärer Dehnungsbolzen in der Bauindustrie – eine vergrößerte mechanische Festigkeit aufweisen, wenn er in seiner Größe reduziert und einer Wärmebehandlung unterworfen wird, wodurch der Dehnungsbolzen gemäß der Erfindung in einer in einem Metallteil gebildeten Bohrung mit Innengewinde aufgenommen und dort festgelegt werden kann. Dies stellt dann einen leicht begehbaren und wirksamen Weg zur Verbindung zweier Metallteile dar.

The expansion bolt according to the invention has the following advantages:

• 1) Since the contact area between the spherical part and the tapered bore of the expansion bolt is small, the driving force for overcoming the resistance when setting is also of the expansion bolt is considerably reduced, whereby the expansion bolt can be operated and installed uniformly and easily.
• 2) Since the spherical part automatically adjusts its relative position in relation to the cone bore, the risk of eccentricity between the spherical part and the cone bore is automatically eliminated.
• 3) Since the expansion or deformation of the claws takes place in proportion to the movement of the spherical part along the tapered bore and since the movement of the spherical part depends on the axial movement of the drive member, which is controlled by the screw actuation, the extent of the expansion or the Deformation of the claws can be precisely controlled due to the easily controllable screwing process.
• 4) Since the movement of the spherical part is caused by a screwing movement of the drive member, no "force application" on the expansion bolt is required. The risk of damage to the internal thread of the expansion bolt is therefore completely eliminated.
• 5) The expansion bolt according to the invention can easily be installed by first forming a bore in a holder, then inserting the expansion bolt into the bore and finally screwing the drive member into it. There is therefore no need for any "force application" or any other operation that requires the application of a large force.
• 6) By placing two or more spherical parts in the tapered bore, the claws, after being deformed by the first spherical part, can be held in their deformed position by the second spherical part.
• 7) The drive member can be formed by a standard screw nut, which reduces the manufacturing cost of the expansion bolt.
• 8) The expansion bolt according to the invention can have a variety of applications. For example, in addition to its use as a regular expansion bolt in the construction industry, the expansion bolt can have increased mechanical strength if it is reduced in size and subjected to a heat treatment, whereby the expansion bolt according to the invention in a bore with an internal thread formed in a metal part can be recorded and fixed there. This then represents an easily accessible and effective way of connecting two metal parts.

The invention is described in the following Form of preferred embodiments based on the drawing explained. Here show:

1 a first embodiment of the expansion bolt according to the invention in a perspective view,

2 in an exploded perspective view and

3 in cross section;

4 in cross section the expansion bolt as it is installed in a hole formed in a holder;

5 in perspective a second embodiment of the expansion bolt according to the invention;

6 in the diagram several load curves to show the load of the expansion bolt over its displacement or elongation, from which the excellent effect of the expansion bolt according to the invention can be seen;

7 in perspective a third embodiment of the expansion bolt according to the invention;

8th a fourth embodiment of the expansion bolt according to the invention in an exploded perspective view and

9 in cross section as well;

10 several load curves in the diagram to show the load on the expansion bolt according to 8th about its displacement or deformation.

How out 1 - 3 can be seen, the expansion bolt shown there has a sleeve 1 in which a central bore is formed. The central hole has a rear threaded section 14 and a front cone section 13 on, the smallest diameter of which is near the front end of the sleeve 1 located. In the front end of the sleeve 1 are multiple radial slots 11 formed in connection with the cone section 13 stand and several expandable or deformable claws 12 form. In the illustrated embodiment, the cone section has 13 its largest diameter according to the nominal diameter of the threaded hole 14 on, with the tapered bore 13 from the threaded hole 14 out towards the front end of the sleeve 1 rejuvenated. In the tapered bore 13 is a spherical part or a sphere 2 added with the ball 2 has a diameter that is larger than the smallest diameter of the tapered bore 13 , In this way the ball is 2 in the tapered bore 13 held. Preferably, the spherical part 2 a diameter that largely corresponds to the inner diameter of the tapered bore 13 , which is approximately midway between the largest diameter and the smallest diameter of the tapered bore 13 located, corresponds to or is even larger than this.

In the threaded hole 14 is a drive link 3 arranged which is an external thread 31 has and hereby in screw engagement with the internal thread of the threaded bore 14 stands. The drive element 3 is axially engaged with the spherical part 2 and is axially relative to the sleeve by means of a screwing motion 1 movable. In the rear end of the drive link 3 is a hexagonal recess 32 formed for receiving a correspondingly designed, not shown hexagon wrench around the drive member 3 inside the threaded hole 14 to be able to screw. Instead of the hexagonal recess 32 can of course also be a plane slot for receiving a flat-head screwdriver or a polygonal projection 5 be provided for receiving a wrench.

If the drive link 3 is screwed, the spherical part 2 towards the front end of the sleeve 1 pressed. Due to the conical shape of the tapered bore 13 causes the movement of the spherical part 2 towards the front end of the sleeve 1 that the claws 12 deform outward and expand radially. This expansion or deformation of the claws 12 can be done easily and uniformly because of the interface between the spherical part 2 and the tapered bore 13 is small, and the movement of the spherical part 2 can by screwing the drive member accordingly 3 precisely controlled and easily carried out.

How out 4 can be seen, a hole is first installed for installing the expansion bolt according to the invention 41 in a holder 4 formed, which is for example a wall for receiving the expansion bolt. Then the drive link 3 screwed in to the spherical part 2 to move axially, which in turn the claws 12 outwardly in tight engagement with the inner surface of the bore 41 suppressed. This will secure the expansion pin in the hole 41 established.

The claws preferably have 12 a rough outer surface. This can be done by knurling or fluting or, for example, by forming barbs. In the illustrated embodiment, the claws are on the outer surface 12 knurls 15 educated.

The conical shape of the tapered bore 13 can be linear or non-linear. In the embodiment shown, the conical configuration has a non-linear section which extends directly from the threaded bore 14 extends from, and a linear portion that extends from the non-linear portion to the front end of the sleeve 1 extends. Near the front end of the sleeve 1 or at the point where the tapered bore 13 has the smallest diameter, a non-linear section is formed.

According to the modified second embodiment 5 the expansion bolt has an elongated or elongated drive member 3a which has a polygonal projection at its rear end. A wrench, not shown, can engage in this polygonal projection, around the drive member 3a to screw. The elongated drive link 3a can partially extend over the rear end of the sleeve 1 extend out. As a result, an external device, for example a machine, can directly attack it by a screw nut (not shown) on the external thread of the drive member 3a attacks.

6 shows the test results achieved with expansion bolts according to the invention. Three samples of expansion bolts with an outer diameter of 12 mm were examined, with samples A and C being installed by hand, while sample A was tightened using a torque wrench. All samples can take a load of up to 1100 kg, even up to 1300 kg, without any significant shifting or loosening. This is a much better result than the result that can be achieved with conventional expansion bolts. It is therefore possible to achieve excellent anchoring and fixing effects with the expansion bolt according to the invention, and indeed much better results than with conventional bolts. Furthermore, the expansion bolt according to the invention can be installed extremely easily and economically.

According to the further modified embodiment 7 the expansion bolt shown is designed such that the linear portion of the tapered bore 13 to the front end of the sleeve 1 or extends beyond. This allows the claws to come out 12 deform at a point closer to the front end of the sleeve 1 lies. In addition, the manufacturing process of such an expansion bolt can be simplified.

According to the further modified embodiment of the expansion bolt 8th and 9 are, after all, two spherical parts 2 provided, the first spherical part 2 near the front end of the sleeve 1 is arranged while the second spherical member is engaged with a drive member 3 exists and both spherical parts 2 in the tapered bore 13 are included. In the front end of the drive link 3 is a concave surface 33 formed the second spherical part 2 partially records.

• (I) Das zweite sphärische Teil 2 erteilt den Klauen 12 ein zweites Mal eine Verformung, so daß diese Klauen 12 in verformtem Zustand gehalten werden und gewährleistet ist, daß die Klauen 12 wirkungsvoll in Eingriff mit der Innenfläche der in der Halterung 4 gebildeten Bohrung 41 verbleiben;
• (II) das Antriebsglied 3b kann verkürzt ausgebildet oder durch eine Standardschraubenmutter ersetzt werden, um die Herstellungskosten zu reduzieren, und
• (III) das Antriebsglied 3b befindet sich in größerem Abstand zu den Klauen 12, wodurch der Schraubeingriff zwischen dem Antriebsglied 3b und der Gewindebohrung 14 der Hülse 1 nicht nachteilig durch die Verformung der Klauen 12 beeinträchtigt ist.

The arrangement of two spherical parts 2 has the following advantages:

• (I) The second spherical part 2 granted to the claws 12 a second time a deformation so that these claws 12 be kept in a deformed condition and ensure that the claws 12 effectively engages the inner surface of the in the bracket 4 formed hole 41 remain;
• (II) the drive link 3b can be shortened or replaced with a standard nut to reduce manufacturing costs, and
• (III) the drive link 3b is located at a greater distance from the claws 12 , causing the screw engagement between the drive member 3b and the threaded hole 14 the sleeve 1 not disadvantageous due to the deformation of the claws 12 is impaired.

Out 10 test results can be seen with the expansion bolt in accordance with 8th were achieved. Here, the load curve A with the in 8th shown expansion bolt achieved according to the invention, while the load curve B represents a conventional expansion bolt of the external drive type and load curve C shows the result achieved with a conventional expansion bolt of the internal drive type. As can be clearly seen, the holding effect of the expansion bolt is in accordance with 8th far superior to that of the known expansion bolts, since the expansion bolt according to the invention (load curve A) can take a load of up to 1310 kgt, while the conventional expansion bolt (load curves B and C) can only withstand 939 and 1132 kgt load, i.e. very much much less than the expansion bolt according to the invention. Thus, the expansion bolt according to the invention has an excellent holding effect compared to the conventional expansion bolt.

The expansion bolt described can are used in various ways, for example for Connection of metal parts. Here, the expansion bolt according to the invention by means of a heat treatment improved in mechanical strength and therefore safe in a bore formed in a first metal part be installed that he is expanded in the manner described. For this purpose, then a bore with an internal thread in the first metal part provided with which a second metal part, which is an external thread has, can be brought into screw engagement.

With regard to not explained in more detail above Features of the invention will be the rest expressly on the claims as well as the drawing referenced.

Claims (14)

Expansion bolt with a sleeve ( 1 ) which delimits a central bore which is provided with a rear threaded section ( 14 ) and a front cone section ( 13 ), the diameter of which is of a greatest value near the thread section ( 14 ) to a minimum value near the front end of the sleeve ( 1 ) decreases, and a variety of radial slots ( 11 ), which are formed in the front end of the sleeve and a plurality of deformable claws ( 12 ) form, at least one spherical or spherical part ( 2 ) in the tapered bore ( 13 ) is included and has a diameter that is larger than the smallest diameter of the tapered bore ( 13 ), and with a drive member ( 3 . 3a . 3b ) in the threaded hole ( 14 ) is arranged and an external thread ( 31 ) with the threaded hole ( 14 ) is engaged, the drive member being rotated axially in the threaded bore ( 14 ) is movable around the ball part ( 2 ) axially in the direction of the front end of the sleeve and thus the claws ( 12 ) to deform outwards. Expansion bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that two spherical parts ( 2 ) in the tapered bore ( 13 ) the sleeve ( 1 ) are included. Expansion bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that the spherical part ( 2 ) has a diameter that is larger than the diameter of the tapered bore ( 13 ) at one point largely in the middle between its largest and smallest diameter. Expansion bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that the largest diameter of the tapered bore ( 13 ) largely the nominal diameter of the threaded hole ( 14 ) corresponds. Expansion bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that the tapered bore ( 13 ) has a linearly tapered section. Expansion bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that the tapered bore ( 13 ) has a non-linear tapered section. Expansion bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that the sleeve ( 1 ) at least partially has a rough outer surface. Expansion bolt according to claim 7, characterized in that the sleeve ( 1 ) has a knurled outer surface. Expansion bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that the drive member ( 3a ) has a length that extends over the sleeve ( 1 ) extends. Expansion bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that the drive member ( 3 . 3a . 3b ) a recess at its rear end ( 32 ) for holding a tool. Expansion bolt according to claim 10, characterized in that the recess ( 32 ) has a hexagonal shape. Expansion bolt according to claim 10, characterized in that the recess ( 32 ) is a flat slot for receiving a screwdriver. Expansion bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that that this rear end of the drive member to a polygonal projection Inclusion of a wrench having. Expansion bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that the sleeve ( 1 ) has such a size and mechanical strength that it is in a bore formed in a metal part ( 41 ) can be positioned and securely fixed.