DE10316784A1 - Process for reducing nitrogen oxides/carbon monoxide in exhaust gases, especially produced from cement ovens, comprises adjusting the nitrogen oxides/carbon monoxide ratio and increasing the carbon monoxide amount in the exhaust gas - Google Patents
Process for reducing nitrogen oxides/carbon monoxide in exhaust gases, especially produced from cement ovens, comprises adjusting the nitrogen oxides/carbon monoxide ratio and increasing the carbon monoxide amount in the exhaust gas Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DE10316784A1 DE10316784A1 DE2003116784 DE10316784A DE10316784A1 DE 10316784 A1 DE10316784 A1 DE 10316784A1 DE 2003116784 DE2003116784 DE 2003116784 DE 10316784 A DE10316784 A DE 10316784A DE 10316784 A1 DE10316784 A1 DE 10316784A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- exhaust gas
- carbon monoxide
- exhaust gases
- catalyst
- nitrogen oxides
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 12
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract description 5
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract 4
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 4
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/90—Injecting reactants
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/8643—Removing mixtures of carbon monoxide or hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/8646—Simultaneous elimination of the components
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren sowie eine Anlage zur NO/CO-Minderung von staubhaltigen Abgasen, insbesondere Zementöfenabgasen, wobei zunächst der Staubgehalt der Abgase gemindert wird und dann die Abgase einem Katalysator zugeführt werden.The The invention relates to a method and a system for NO / CO reduction of dust-containing exhaust gases, in particular cement kiln exhaust gases, the first being Dust content of the exhaust gases is reduced and then the exhaust gases Catalyst fed become.
In der Zementindustrie sind eine Vielzahl von Verfahren entwickelt worden, mit welchen eine NOx Minderung ermöglicht wird. Im Zusammenhang mit der Entstickung von Abgasen sind mehrere Verfahren in Anwendung. Ein derzeit häufig eingesetztes Verfahren ist das sogenannte SNCR-Verfahren (Selective Non Catalytic Reduction). Dabei werden Ammoniak oder ammoniumhaltige Verbindungen als Reduktionsmittel zugegeben, so dass die Stickoxide im Abgas zu Stickstoff und Wasserdampf umgesetzt werden.A large number of processes have been developed in the cement industry which enable NO x reduction. Several processes are used in connection with the denitrification of exhaust gases. A currently frequently used process is the so-called SNCR process (Selective Non Catalytic Reduction). Here, ammonia or ammonium-containing compounds are added as reducing agents, so that the nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas are converted to nitrogen and water vapor.
Weiterhin wird zur Zeit in verschiedenen Zementwerken der großtechnische Einsatz der SCR-Technik (Selective Catalytic Reduction) für den Klinkerbrennprozess getestet. Dabei wird ebenfalls ein ammoniumhaltiges Reduktionsmittel eingedüst. Die Minderungsreaktion des NH3 mit dem NO findet dann an einem geeigneten Katalysator bei sehr viel niedrigeren Temperaturen statt.Furthermore, the large-scale use of SCR technology (Selective Catalytic Reduction) for the clinker burning process is currently being tested in various cement plants. An ammonium-containing reducing agent is also injected. The reduction reaction of the NH 3 with the NO then takes place on a suitable catalyst at much lower temperatures.
Ein weiteres Verfahren zur Minderung von NO-Emissionen ist die gestufte Verbrennung. Dieses seit langem, unter anderem auch in der Zementindustrie genutzte Verfahren, ist ein wirksames Mittel, um die NO-Emissionen prozessintern zu reduzieren. Dabei wird die Eigenschaft genutzt, dass bei geeigneten Randbedingungen NO mit CO und Kohlenwasserstoffen zu N2 reagiert.Another method for reducing NO emissions is staged combustion. This process, which has been used for a long time, including in the cement industry, is an effective means of reducing NO emissions within the process. The property is used here that under suitable boundary conditions NO reacts with CO and hydrocarbons to form N 2 .
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt nun die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren sowie eine Anlage zur gleichzeitigen NO/CO-Minderung von staubhaltigen Abgasen anzugeben, wobei auf Ammoniak bzw. ammoniumhaltige Verbindungen als Reduktionsmittel verzichtet werden kann.The The present invention is based on the object of a method and a system for simultaneous NO / CO reduction of dust-containing exhaust gases specify, with ammonia or ammonium-containing compounds can be dispensed with as a reducing agent.
Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe durch die Merkmale der Ansprüche 1 und 9 gelöst.According to the invention Object achieved by the features of claims 1 and 9.
Beim
erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren
zur NO/CO-Minderung von staubhaltigen Abgasen, insbesondere Zementöfenabgasen,
wobei zunächst
der Staubgehalt der Abgase gemindert wird und dann die Abgase einem
Katalysator (
Im
Gegensatz zu den üblichen
Verfahren, bei denen NH3 als Reduktionsmittel
eingesetzt wird, liegt dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren die Idee zugrunde,
das bereits im Abgas enthaltene CO sowie die aus dem Rohmaterial
stammenden organischen Komponenten als Reduktionsmittel für das NO
zu nutzen. Erfindungsgemäß läuft die
NOx Minderung nach folgenden Brutto-Reaktionen
ab:
Der Vorteil dieser Verfahrensweise liegt darin, dass keine NH3-Eindüsung vorgesehen werden muss.The advantage of this procedure is that no NH 3 injection has to be provided.
Ein weiterer Vorteil liegt darin, dass die genannten Reaktionen durch den Einsatz eines Katalysators bei wesentlich niedrigeren Temperaturen vonstatten gehen als dies bei der gestuften Verbrennung der Fall ist. Dadurch ist eine teilweise Entkopplung der Minderung vom Hauptprozess möglich, wodurch die Ofenfahrweise optimiert werden kann.On Another advantage is that the reactions mentioned by the use of a catalyst at much lower temperatures proceed as is the case with staged combustion is. This is a partial decoupling of the reduction from the main process possible, whereby the furnace operation can be optimized.
Neben NO werden mit dem erfindungemäßen Verfahren auch andere Schadstoffe, die mittelfristig für die Betriebsgenehmigungen von Bedeutung sein werden, gemindert.Next NO with the inventive method also other pollutants, the medium-term for the operating permits will be of importance.
Die erfindungsgemäße Anlage zur Durchführung des obigen Verfahrens weist insbesondere Mittel zur Ermittlung des Verhältnisses von CO/NO im Abgas, Mittel zur Zuführung von Brennstoff, um den CO-Gehalt des Abgases in Abhängigkeit des ermittelten Verhältnisses zu erhöhen sowie einen Katalysator auf.The Plant according to the invention to carry out the above method has in particular means for determining the ratio of CO / NO in the exhaust gas, means of supplying fuel to the CO content of the exhaust gas depending of the determined ratio to increase as well as a catalyst.
Weitere Ausgestaltungen und Vorteile der Erfindung werden anhand der folgenden Beschreibung und der Zeichnung näher erläutert.Further Embodiments and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following Description and the drawing closer explained.
Das
in der Zeichnung dargestellte Verfahrensfließbild zeigt zunächst einen
Filter
Nachdem
die staubhaltigen Abgase bei der Zementherstellung nach der Hauptentstaubung
im Filter
Zweckmäßigerweise
sind noch vor dem Filter
Um
dies auszugleichen, wird das Abgas über dem Wärmetauscher
Um
die Betriebstemperatur zu erreichen, sowie um Wärmeverluste zu kompensieren,
kann eine separate Brennkammer
Alternativ,
oder auch in Kombination zu den Mitteln
Die erforderliche Temperaturerhöhung könnte auch dadurch erfolgen, dass heiße Luft, beispielsweise aus dem Kühler der Zementanlage, zugemischt wird.The required temperature increase could also done by hot Air, for example from the cooler of the cement plant.
Die Menge des Reduktionsmittels/Brennstoffs wird in Abhängigkeit des zuvor ermittelten Verhältnisses von NO zu CO dosiert.The The amount of reducing agent / fuel is dependent the previously determined ratio dosed from NO to CO.
Das
auf diese Weise mit CO angereicherte Abgas wird anschließend einem
Katalysator
Der Katalysator enthält vorzugsweise eines oder eine Mischung der Elemente der Nebengruppen IV, V, VI, VII, VIII des Periodensystems. Die innere Oberfläche des Katalysators beträgt beispielsweise zwischen 10 und 500 m2/g. Der Katalysator kann als Vollmaterial eingesetzt werden und in 1-10 Lagen vorliegen. Die Schichtdicke des Gases liegt bei der Durchströmung des Katalysators vorzugsweise in einem Bereich von 1-20 mm. Die bevorzugte Temperatur für die Minderung liegt in einem Bereich von 100-450° Celsius. Nachdem das Abgas mit dem Katalysator in Kontakt gekommen ist und bevor es das Katalysatorgehäuse verlässt, durchströmt es zweckmäßigerweise eine Oxidationsstufe.The catalyst preferably contains one or a mixture of the elements of subgroups IV, V, VI, VII, VIII of the periodic table. The inner surface of the catalyst is, for example, between 10 and 500 m 2 / g. The catalyst can be used as a solid material and can be in 1-10 layers. The layer thickness of the gas when flowing through the catalyst is preferably in a range of 1-20 mm. The preferred temperature for the reduction is in the range of 100-450 ° Celsius. After the exhaust gas has come into contact with the catalytic converter and before it leaves the catalytic converter housing, it expediently flows through an oxidation stage.
Das
den Katalysator
Das
erfindungsgemäße Verfahren
dient zur NO/CO-Minderung, wobei ein entsprechender Katalysator
die Reaktionen gemäß den oben
angegebenen Gleichungen (1) und (2) unterstützt. Auf diese Weise kann sowohl
der im Abgas enthaltende NO-Gehalt als auch der im Abgas enthaltende CO-Gehalt
gemindert werden. Da der CO-Gehalt des Abgases für die Reaktionen nicht immer
ausreichend ist, wird über
die Mittel
Die Eindüsung von teuerem Ammoniak bzw. ammoniumhaltigen Verbindungen und die dadurch entstehenden Probleme, wie Ammoniakschlupf, können hierdurch vermieden werden.The injection of expensive ammonia or ammonium-containing compounds and the problems that arise, such as ammonia slip, can hereby result be avoided.
Claims (11)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2003116784 DE10316784A1 (en) | 2003-04-11 | 2003-04-11 | Process for reducing nitrogen oxides/carbon monoxide in exhaust gases, especially produced from cement ovens, comprises adjusting the nitrogen oxides/carbon monoxide ratio and increasing the carbon monoxide amount in the exhaust gas |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2003116784 DE10316784A1 (en) | 2003-04-11 | 2003-04-11 | Process for reducing nitrogen oxides/carbon monoxide in exhaust gases, especially produced from cement ovens, comprises adjusting the nitrogen oxides/carbon monoxide ratio and increasing the carbon monoxide amount in the exhaust gas |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE10316784A1 true DE10316784A1 (en) | 2004-10-28 |
Family
ID=33039056
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2003116784 Ceased DE10316784A1 (en) | 2003-04-11 | 2003-04-11 | Process for reducing nitrogen oxides/carbon monoxide in exhaust gases, especially produced from cement ovens, comprises adjusting the nitrogen oxides/carbon monoxide ratio and increasing the carbon monoxide amount in the exhaust gas |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE10316784A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1842836A4 (en) * | 2005-01-06 | 2013-12-11 | Taiheiyo Cement Corp | APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR TREATING A GASEOUS COMBUSTION EFFLUENT OF CEMENT OVEN |
| DE102009055942C5 (en) * | 2009-11-26 | 2015-12-17 | Chemisch-Thermische Prozesstechnik Gmbh | Process and apparatus for purifying exhaust gases |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4018786A1 (en) * | 1990-06-12 | 1991-12-19 | Krupp Polysius Ag | METHOD FOR PURIFYING THE EXHAUST GASES FROM PLANTS FOR PRODUCING CEMENT CLINKER |
| DE4208977C1 (en) * | 1992-03-20 | 1993-07-15 | Metallgesellschaft Ag, 6000 Frankfurt, De | |
| DE19954479A1 (en) * | 1999-11-12 | 2001-05-17 | Kloeckner Humboldt Wedag | Production of cement clinker from raw meal comprises feeding a finely ground non-preheated material directly into a rotary furnace chamber, suspending and/or dispersing and continuously cooling the chamber |
| DE19962536A1 (en) * | 1999-12-23 | 2001-07-05 | Kloeckner Humboldt Wedag | Process for the thermal treatment of meal-like raw materials |
| WO2002001190A2 (en) * | 2000-06-26 | 2002-01-03 | Murray Thomson | Method and apparatus for improved process control in combustion applications |
| DE10146418A1 (en) * | 2001-09-20 | 2003-04-17 | Kloeckner Humboldt Wedag | Process and plant for the thermal treatment of meal-like raw materials |
-
2003
- 2003-04-11 DE DE2003116784 patent/DE10316784A1/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4018786A1 (en) * | 1990-06-12 | 1991-12-19 | Krupp Polysius Ag | METHOD FOR PURIFYING THE EXHAUST GASES FROM PLANTS FOR PRODUCING CEMENT CLINKER |
| DE4208977C1 (en) * | 1992-03-20 | 1993-07-15 | Metallgesellschaft Ag, 6000 Frankfurt, De | |
| DE19954479A1 (en) * | 1999-11-12 | 2001-05-17 | Kloeckner Humboldt Wedag | Production of cement clinker from raw meal comprises feeding a finely ground non-preheated material directly into a rotary furnace chamber, suspending and/or dispersing and continuously cooling the chamber |
| DE19962536A1 (en) * | 1999-12-23 | 2001-07-05 | Kloeckner Humboldt Wedag | Process for the thermal treatment of meal-like raw materials |
| WO2002001190A2 (en) * | 2000-06-26 | 2002-01-03 | Murray Thomson | Method and apparatus for improved process control in combustion applications |
| DE10146418A1 (en) * | 2001-09-20 | 2003-04-17 | Kloeckner Humboldt Wedag | Process and plant for the thermal treatment of meal-like raw materials |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1842836A4 (en) * | 2005-01-06 | 2013-12-11 | Taiheiyo Cement Corp | APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR TREATING A GASEOUS COMBUSTION EFFLUENT OF CEMENT OVEN |
| US8765066B2 (en) | 2005-01-06 | 2014-07-01 | Taiheiyo Cement Corporation | Device and method for processing cement kiln combustion exhaust gas |
| DE102009055942C5 (en) * | 2009-11-26 | 2015-12-17 | Chemisch-Thermische Prozesstechnik Gmbh | Process and apparatus for purifying exhaust gases |
| US9272240B2 (en) | 2009-11-26 | 2016-03-01 | Chemisch Thermische Prozesstechnik Gmbh | Method and device for purifying exhaust gases |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| OM8 | Search report available as to paragraph 43 lit. 1 sentence 1 patent law | ||
| 8110 | Request for examination paragraph 44 | ||
| R082 | Change of representative |
Representative=s name: RA U. PA VOLKMAR TETZNER; PA MICHAEL TETZNER; , DE Representative=s name: RA U. PA VOLKMAR TETZNER; PA MICHAEL TETZNER; RA T |
|
| R016 | Response to examination communication | ||
| R002 | Refusal decision in examination/registration proceedings | ||
| R081 | Change of applicant/patentee |
Owner name: THYSSENKRUPP POLYSIUS AG, DE Free format text: FORMER OWNER: POLYSIUS AG, 59269 BECKUM, DE Effective date: 20120117 |
|
| R082 | Change of representative |
Representative=s name: TETZNER & PARTNER MBB PATENT- UND RECHTSANWAEL, DE Effective date: 20120117 Representative=s name: RA U. PA VOLKMAR TETZNER; PA MICHAEL TETZNER; , DE Effective date: 20120117 Representative=s name: RA U. PA VOLKMAR TETZNER; PA MICHAEL TETZNER; RA T |
|
| R003 | Refusal decision now final |
Effective date: 20120313 |