DE10316545A1 - adapter - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an adapter for attaching one or more additional devices (s) to a firearm, in particular a rapid-fire rifle, and a method for converting such a weapon. DOLLAR A The adapter has either DOLLAR A a) a sleeve (9) made of metal, which has a cylindrical outer surface and in this at least one ring formation (15; 17) and which can be brought into metallic connection with the barrel (5) of the weapon, such that it surrounds the barrel (5) and thereby aligns the ring formation (s) (15, 17) coaxially or axially parallel to the barrel (5), and DOLLAR A b) an additional device that can be brought into positionally stable engagement with the sleeve (9) ( 23) for receiving the additional devices or DOLLAR A alpha) a sleeve (9) surrounding the barrel (5) of the weapon and securely connectable with it, and DOLLAR A beta) the additional device (23) engages in a complementary configuration (35) Counter training (33) to prevent rotation. DOLLAR A In the method of the invention, the weapon is converted using an adapter.

Description

The The invention relates to an adapter for attaching additional devices, such as (Night) aiming devices, lighting devices, Bipods, grenade launchers or the like, on a firearm, especially a rapid-fire rifle (preamble of claims 1 and 2).

at usual Rifles with steel casings it is usual, one for attaching a telescopic sight to the weapon Attach adapters, often simply called "scope mounting", to the steel housing. In this case the barrel is screwed in tightly. It also takes the shutter and leads him. A change of barrel is at best within the scope of extensive repair work possible.

at Rapid-fire rifles with an extensive sheet metal outer casing, it is common for one Arrange adapters for mounting additional devices on the outside of the outer housing made of sheet metal. The Run is here, if at all, can only be replaced by extensive repairs. This sheet metal case is under extreme conditions compared to that Run in its shape and therefore its alignment is not always perfect stable. This can also be for modern rapid-fire rifles with a plastic housing cannot be completely ruled out. Nevertheless, the designer ultimately had no other choice Possibility, than to attach the adapter or mounting devices for additional devices to the housing.

at Additional devices which are attached to the front of the weapon, like a Laser aiming device is the alignment of the assembly, and thus the aiming device, and thus the achievable shot accuracy, even more unstable if you don't have the corresponding additional device wants to attach directly to the front part of the barrel. This attachment on the barrel is undesirable, at least with precision weapons, because it affects the accuracy of the shot. One would have to this device attach to the handguard, the position of which is still less precise relative to the barrel than the location of the plastic case.

The Invention has the task of remedying these difficulties or to mitigate them at least in part.

• a) eine Hülse aus Metall vorgesehen ist, die eine zylindrische Außenoberfläche und in dieser mindestens eine Ringausbildung aufweist, und die mit dem Lauf der Waffe in metallische Verbindung bringbar ist, derart, daß sie den Lauf umgibt und dabei die Ringausbildung koaxial bzw. mindestens parallel zum Lauf ausgerichtet ist, und
• b) eine in lagestabilen Eingriff mit der Hülse bringbare Zusatzeinrichtung zur Aufnahme der Zusatzgeräte vorgesehen ist;

nach Anspruch 2 hingegen:

• α) eine den Lauf der Waffe umgebende und mit diesem fest verbindbare Hülse vorgesehen ist, und
• β) eine in axiallagestabilen Eingriff mit der Hülse bringbare Zusatzeinrichtung vorgesehen ist, mit einer Ausbildung, die in Wirkstellung in eine zu ihr komplementäre Gegenausbildung der Waffe eingreift und hierdurch eine Verdrehungssicherung der Zusatzeinrichtung gegenüber der Waffe bewirkt.
• – Die Hülse stimmt dabei bevorzugt mit der obigen Merkmalsgruppe überein.

This object is achieved according to the invention by the subject matter of claim 1 and claim 2, that is to say in that the generic adapter has: according to claim 1:

• a) a sleeve made of metal is provided, which has a cylindrical outer surface and in this at least one ring formation, and which can be brought into metallic connection with the barrel of the weapon, such that it surrounds the barrel and the ring formation coaxially or at least parallel is aligned to the run, and
• b) an additional device which can be brought into positionally stable engagement with the sleeve is provided for receiving the additional devices;

however, according to claim 2:

• α) a sleeve surrounding the barrel of the weapon and securely connectable is provided, and
• β) an additional device which can be brought into engagement with the sleeve in a stable position is provided, with an embodiment which engages in the counter position of the weapon which is complementary to it in the operative position and thereby ensures that the additional device is secured against rotation relative to the weapon.
• - The sleeve preferably matches the above group of features.

The stands sleeve according to the invention with the barrel in solid (claim 2) or even metallic (claim 1) Connection is the best possible set in their position to run. Temperature changes due to solar radiation are not enough to noticeably change this connection.

The cylindrical outer surface of the Sleeve and allow their annular groove or grooves every conceivable rotational position for additional equipment. The additional device is fixed in the direction of the axis of the barrel by means of the ring grooves, but not in the mentioned rotational position.

In order to now also determine the rotational position, it is sufficient (according to claim 2) to intervene in a design of the weapon, that is to say preferably its housing. This training can now change due to the heat effects mentioned, especially if it is provided in a plastic housing. Such a change in training means only a change in the rotational position of the additional device relative to the barrel axis, but not to the angular position. In other words, the angle between the barrel axis and the axis of the additional device always remains the same. Usually these axes coincide. Whether the target point is shifted by a tenth or two millimeters from the meeting point is completely irrelevant in view of the other disruptive influences. The only decisive factor is the length of the cylindrical outer surface of the sleeve and the complementary design of the additional device and the accuracy of the fit of the additional device on the sleeve. If it is guaranteed by these parameters that the additional device does not wobble (or sufficiently little) on the sleeve, that is to say no angular displacements between the sleeve or the additional device are possible in the direction of the barrel axis, then the additional device is practically completely (or adequately) fixed relative to the barrel.

The Training can be made retrospectively, for example through a hole be provided or for a new weapon for the purpose, an additional device to serve as an anti-twist device. But you prefer to choose one anyway existing training.

There the sleeve no excessive loads has to record, it can be made of light metal, so that she contributes only insignificantly to an increase in weight of the weapon.

The Invention deals deal primarily with the training of a rapid-fire rifle, which is preferably designed as a gas pressure charger. The sleeve according to the invention can but also easily on a machine gun, a submachine gun, a gun or the like. So much for the free swing out the barrel is not affected is even attached to a sniper rifle meaningful.

Around a particularly simple but stable attachment of the additional device on the sleeve to allow it is proposed according to the invention that the additional device preferably in positive Engagement with the ring formation (s) can be brought and has an inner surface, which are complementary to at least part of the cylindrical sleeve outer surface is (claim 3). This makes the seat of the additional device simple but reliable on the sleeve optimized.

Especially with modern rapid-fire rifles, the barrel in the rifle is medium a cap nut held, which grips a shoulder from the front and in a male thread is screwed in, which is formed in that part is that has the fixed locking lugs and in the Plastic housing is embedded. A preferred development of the invention exists then in that the Sleeve out Metal instead of a union nut holding the barrel with a barrel holder part trained and screwed to the weapon (claim 4).

The Barrel is held in the weapon with the sleeve according to the invention as well as with the cap nut known per se. Because the sleeve, just like the cap nut, just sitting on one shoulder of the barrel, but not otherwise the barrel with the sleeve attached as well as without this sleeve. So the sleeve also hinders the free swinging barrel of a sniper rifle in any way.

A preferred embodiment of the invention is that one of the Ring designs are smaller in size than the other (s), and that the Additional device has engagement training, which to the lesser Size fits are (claim 5). In this case, the ring formations are ring grooves. Thus, in a manner known per se, it is ensured that festival and floating bearings for the attachment of the additional device provided in the ring formations are. One is a reasonably precise and free from play Bracket that is other (s) one or more (towards the barrel axis) playful bracket (s), so that the additional device in the case of thermal expansion a given, for the targeting harmless direction has to be relative to the sleeve expand or contract freely. So are thermal tensions and avoiding these subsequent faults that would otherwise lead to inaccuracies to lead could. Here this configuration means that practically all harmful heat deformation are avoided.

It can also be dispensed with one of the ring designs and instead on the sleeve a paragraph or the like, are formed, which is then used as a stop for the additional device serves (claim 6).

This Heel can fit snugly against the additional device and thus heat from the sleeve derive here. Likewise, the additional device with a surface enlargement, such as fins, to improve heat dissipation to the outside.

The ring formation (s) can be at the level of one or more receiving bores (s) which penetrate or penetrate the additional device. The groove diameter of the ring formation (s) is a little larger than the diameter of the corresponding receiving bore into which a bolt or the like is inserted. It should only be avoided that the additional device sits with such bolts at two points on the sleeve facing away from or facing one another Hand burns. Of course, an additional device may also need to have protection for the shooter's hand. A preferred embodiment of the invention is to design the sleeve made of metal so that it fits into the assembled fore-end (claim 7). So a rifle can be set up for the possibility of retrofitting, but without the retrofitting being done. As a variant, a fore-end can also be designed so that it fits over the sleeve according to the invention. In any case, a rifle is created, at which Acceptance of the fore-end can be used for any additional equipment. These can be both known rapid-fire rifles and new rapid-fire rifles to be constructed.

The Additional device can in particular be part of a grenade launcher (Claim 8), which is to be attached approximately under the barrel and high forces in the Initiates rifle, but must always be precisely aligned (because his sights are on the rifle elsewhere). So come this Grenade launchers benefit from all the advantages of the invention. But also a bayonet (for about one Ordonnance Shotgun) is required the fixed bracket that the invention offers.

Especially but it is preferred that the Additional device a carrier with rails parallel to the barrel axis, which are used to attach Accessories, Aiming and lighting devices, a bipod, a front "pistol grip", a sling bar or the like. serve (claim 9).

Such Rails are known and have recently been shown to be particularly advantageous prove to be lighting equipment, targeting equipment and other Attach devices quickly and easily to the weapon. To this Way it has become common load existing rails with all possible devices, regardless of how heavy they are, for example night targets, bipods, Lighting devices, especially high power infrared lighting devices. Such a carrier preferably has four rails around the weapon with the same Angular distance from each other, i.e. one rail upwards, facing down and to the two sides, on the axis of the barrel based. It can hence many devices at the same time on the carrier be attached. The invention ensures that the carrier is permanent and reliable carries heavy loads, whereby these loads directly into the barrel and locking parts load-bearing element, that is, the component that best is set up for force absorption.

It is natural also possible, the carrier to be equipped with less than four rails, for example with only one.

Also the carrier could, like the sleeve, consist of light metal. But since the carrier has a considerable Length on the cylindrical outer surface of the Sleeve sits on, which in turn stiffened him, has proven to be particularly advantageous proved that the carrier made of hard, dimensionally stable Plastic consists (claim 10). This plastic can be reinforced for example with extruded glass fibers or a, preferably reinforced, thermoset his. This is a simple, cheap, but absolutely accurate manufacture of the carrier achieved, both in terms of the rails and in terms of the seat on the sleeve As.

The carrier can consist of two or more parts that are connected by fastening devices, like bolts and nuts. This Bolts can also engage in the ring formations, preferably ring grooves. Is preferred the carrier but in one piece (Claim 11). Under certain circumstances, he can from behind over the removed Barrel and the sleeve be pushed. Preferably, however, it is designed so that it from the front over the Barrel (with muzzle flash damper) and (in the case of a gas pressure charger) the gas sampling piece on the Sleeve pushed on has been. This sleeve is for the rest preferably perforated, because of the weight reduction, the better cooling and the attachment points for a tool formed by the bores for tightening and especially for loosening the sleeve.

• – daß der ausbaubare Lauf durch Lösen der Überwurfmutter ausgebaut und durch einen Lauf ersetzt wird, bei dem anstelle der Überwurfmutter eine Hülse vorgesehen ist, die eine Verlängerung der Überwurfmutter nach vorne bildet und eine zylindrische Außenoberfläche aufweist, und
• – daß von vorne her eine Zusatzeinrichtung auf die Hülse aufgeschoben wird, dabei zur drehfesten Festlegung mit einer Ausbildung in eine Gegenausbildung am Schnellfeuergewehr eingreift und zur axialen Festlegung an der Hülse verdrehbar, aber axial weitgehend festliegend verankert wird.

The invention is also reflected in a method for retrofitting a gas pressure rapid fire rifle, which has a barrel which can be removed by loosening a union nut, with an adapter, as has just been described. This method has (according to claim 12) the features

• - That the removable barrel is removed by loosening the union nut and replaced by a barrel in which a sleeve is provided instead of the union nut, which forms an extension of the union nut to the front and has a cylindrical outer surface, and
• - That an additional device is pushed onto the sleeve from the front, thereby engaging for non-rotatable fixing with a training in a counter-training on the rapid-fire rifle and rotatable for axial fixing on the sleeve, but largely anchored axially.

This The method is applicable to every rapid-fire rifle, no matter how its principle of operation may be.

So far the rapid-fire rifle is a gas pressure charger, whose barrel is drilled for gas extraction and in which a gas extraction piece on the Run sits, it is particularly advantageous that the additional device on the gas sampling piece sitting on the barrel pushed onto the sleeve will (claim 13). The run must therefore not modified or even removed to change the additional device or the gas take-off are removed.

The additional device can also be divided lengthways and best of two or three parts hen that are attached from the side and connected to each other, for example screwed.

The The subject matter of the invention is explained in more detail using an exemplary embodiment which is shown in the attached, schematic drawing is shown. In this shows:

1 the front part of a rapid-fire rifle in longitudinal section, which is provided with an adapter according to the invention,

2 an enlargement of the front part of the representation in 1 .

3 the gun of the 1 on the same scale, in the side view,

4 a section along line IV - IV in 1 and

5 the gun of the 1 on average, without additional equipment, but with forend.

All figures show the same, in no way restricting, embodiment of an adapter according to the invention, which essentially consists of a metal sleeve 9 and an additional device 23 consists. The scale of the figures is partly different. The reference numerals apply to all figures. The shot direction of the rifle points to the left in all three figures.

In 1 and 3 First of all, the known, relevant parts of a rapid-fire rifle set up as a gas pressure loader are shown: a locking piece 3 made of steel is tubular, takes the rear end of a barrel inside 5 has locking lugs behind it (no reference number) and is in a plastic housing 1 cast. This locking piece 3 forms the central force absorption body of the rifle.

The run 5 is non-rotatably in the locking piece 3 and has a shoulder 7 on the stop on this locking piece 3 forms. The locking piece has a male thread on the outside in its front, free end area (part of a threaded connection 11 ).

The sleeve 9 is made of steel, titanium, light metal or a combination of different materials and is cylindrical in shape. She reaches behind the shoulder from the front 7 with a constriction 13 and is with a nut thread, forming the threaded connection 11 , firmly on the male thread of the locking piece 3 screwed. In this respect, the sleeve corresponds 9 the known union nut previously used at this point. However, it is tight at the front or close to a gas sampling piece 19 extended, removable on the outside of the barrel 5 is attached. The pad between the shoulder 7 and constriction 13 ensures an exactly axially parallel and almost coaxial alignment between the overall cylindrical sleeve 9 and the barrel 5 ,

The sleeve 9 has a relatively thin, perforated wall and has two ring grooves 15 . 17 on: a front ring groove 15 with gauge block and a rear ring groove 17 with excess. Because of the small sleeve wall thickness, the ring grooves are 15 . 17 formed by indentations of the wall.

The sleeve 9 tightly encloses the barrel 5 without touching it. The threaded connection 11 between sleeve 9 and locking piece 3 does not affect the barrel either. Only the mutual sitting of the barrel shoulder 7 and sleeve constriction 13 provides axial support for the sleeve 9 on the run 5 , There is no contact in the radial direction. The barrel can swing out freely and has the same properties as if it were instead of the sleeve 9 only the known union nut is available.

The run 5 points in front of the sleeve 9 a radial gas extraction hole, which in a known manner in the gas sampling piece 19 opens. From the back of the gas sampling piece 19 extends parallel to the barrel 5 a known arrangement 21 from gas piston, linkage and spring. The spring rests on the housing 1 on a supplement while the linkage is in the housing 1 extends into it.

Will on the (in the manner described) on the locking piece 3 and thus sleeve attached to the weapon 9 no additional device is mounted, then a known forend is attached to the housing in the usual way 1 appropriate. However, is on the sleeve 9 an additional device 23 attached, the latter, as here, as a carrier for four axially parallel rails 25 . 26 . 27 be trained.

The additional device shown here, i.e. the carrier 23 is designed as a tubular housing made of aluminum. It would also be conceivable as another metallic material or a plastic or plastic-metal composite part. The bore of the additional device fits exactly on the cylindrical outer surface of the sleeve 9 and is pushed onto this outer surface from the front. The bore has radial recesses 39 on so that the carrier 23 easily from the front over the gas sampling piece 19 and the gas piston, linkage and spring assembly 21 on the sleeve 9 can be postponed (see 4 ).

The carrier 23 has three cross holes (only one is with 37 referred to) that tangentially the ring grooves 15 . 17 traverse and are the same size. There is a hole on the top and bottom (hole 37 ) the sleeve 9 in the area of the front annular groove 15 arranged while the third hole in the area of the rear annular groove 17 is arranged over the sleeve. The distance between the ring grooves 15 . 17 is dimensioned so that it is almost the length of the carrier 23 equivalent.

A fitting bolt is located in the upper, front hole 29 that exactly into the ring groove 15 fits. There is a play pin in the rear hole 31 , the same dimension as the screw acting as a fitting bolt 29 has, but with play in the (larger) rear ring groove 17 sitting. So the girder is like a bridge with a fixed bearing 15 . 29 and a floating camp 17 . 31 axially fixed, but basically in the ring grooves 15 . 17 rotatable. At the back of the carrier 23 is an extension 35 trained to the rear. This extension engages in a recess that is complementary to it 33 of the housing 1 on. This is the carrier 23 non-rotatable on the sleeve 9 held.

The carrier 23 As already mentioned, has four rails, including the upper rail 25 , two side rails 26 and a bottom rail 27 , The other side rail is in 4 to see. On each of the rails 25 . 26 . 27 an additional device can be pushed on and fixed there in transverse grooves (no reference number). The rails as such are known.

The lower, front hole 37 is intended for a special use, such as the attachment of additional modules that introduce very high forces into the weapon.

When attaching the adapter according to the invention, the sleeve 9 firmly with the threaded connection 11 on the locking piece 3 be screwed tight, regardless of the final position reached. The additional device 23 is namely on the sleeve 9 only axially fixed. It is secured against twisting by pairing complementary training courses 33 . 35 , Here is the recess 33 already planned for the rifle from the start for manufacturing reasons.

In 2 it can be seen in particular that the floating bearing (play pin 31 , Ring groove 17 ) by an oval groove that is not circular in cross-section, but rather oval 17 is achieved.

Furthermore is off 2 can be seen that the sleeve 9 and the additional device 23 the gas sampling piece 19 extend. Its reliable fit is in no way impaired by the adapter according to the invention.

It can also be placed in the lower rail 27 or behind the actual carrier 23 a separate hand guard can also be used.

4 shows a cross section through the weapon, as in 1 is designated IV - IV. Here is the one-piece carrier 23 to recognize the one with a hole on the sleeve 9 sitting. The bore has recesses 39 on so the carrier 23 during its assembly or disassembly without further ado via the gas sampling piece 19 can be pushed.

With the additional device removed 23 can be a forend 41 be put on ( 5 ) through the metal sleeve 9 is not hindered in any way.

1

Plastic housing

3

Grommet locking piece

5

run

7

shoulder

9

Sleeve out metal

11

Threaded connection between 3 and 9

13

constriction

15

(Close) front ring groove

17

(Broad) rear ring groove

19

Gas pouring spout

21

Gas piston / rod / spring

23

accessory or carrier

25

upper rail

26

lateral rail

27

lower rail

29

screw

31

game bolt

33

Recess in 3

35

Continuation on 23

37

drilling z.b.V.

39

radial recesses

41

forearm

Claims (13)

Adapter for attaching additional devices, such as (night) aiming devices, lighting devices, bipods, grenade launchers, shotgun accessories or the like, to a firearm, especially a rapid-fire rifle, characterized by a) a sleeve ( 9 ) made of metal, which has a cylindrical outer surface and in this at least one ring formation ( 15 ; 17 ) and with the barrel ( 5 ) the weapon can be brought into a metallic connection in such a way that the barrel ( 5 ) surrounds the ring formation ( 15 ) coaxial or parallel to the barrel ( 5 ) is aligned and b) a positionally stable engagement with the sleeve ( 9 ) bringable additional device ( 23 ) to accommodate the additional devices. Adapter for attaching additional devices, such as (night) aiming devices, lighting devices, bipods, grenade launchers, shotgun accessories or the like, to a firearm, especially a rapid-fire rifle, characterized by α) a the barrel ( 5 ) surrounding the weapon and securely connectable sleeve ( 9 ), especially a sleeve ( 9 ) with the feature group a) of claim 1, and β) an axially stable engagement with the sleeve ( 9 ) bringable additional device ( 23 ), with an education ( 35 ) which, in the active position, form a complementary counter training ( 33 ) the weapon engages, thereby preventing the additional device from rotating ( 23 ) compared to the weapon. Adapter according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the additional device ( 23 ) in positive engagement with the ring formation ( 15 ) can be brought and has an inner surface which is complementary to at least part of the cylindrical sleeve outer surface. Adapter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sleeve ( 9 ) made of metal instead of a barrel ( 5 ) holding union nut with a barrel holder part ( 13 . 11 ) trained and screwed to the weapon. Adapter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that two ring configurations in the form of ring grooves ( 15 . 17 ) are provided, of which one ( 15 ) has a smaller size than the other (17), and that the additional device ( 23 ) Intervention training ( 29 ) that fit the smaller size. Adapter according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a ring formation ( 15 ) is provided and that the sleeve ( 9 ) separate from this ring formation ( 15 ) has a shoulder, shoulder, collar or other unevenness that acts as a stop for the additional device ( 23 ) serves. Adapter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sleeve ( 9 ) is designed so that it fits into a forearm mounted on the weapon. Adapter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the additional device ( 23 ) Is part of a grenade launcher. Adapter according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the additional device is a carrier ( 23 ) with preferably four rails parallel to the barrel axis ( 25 . 26 . 27 ), which are used to directly attach target or lighting devices, a bipod or the like. Adapter according to claim 9, characterized in that the carrier ( 23 ) consists of metal or plastic or plastic-metal composite. Adapter according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the carrier ( 23 ) is in one piece. Method for retrofitting a firearm which has a barrel which can be removed by loosening a union nut, with an adapter according to at least one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the removable barrel is removed by loosening the union nut and by a barrel ( 5 ) is replaced with a sleeve instead of the union nut ( 9 ) is provided, which forms an extension of the union nut to the front and has a cylindrical outer surface, and - that an additional device ( 23 ) on the sleeve ( 9 ) is put on, with a training ( 35 ) in counter training ( 33 ) engages on the rapid-fire rifle and for axial fixing on the sleeve ( 9 ) is rotatable, but is anchored axially largely fixed. Method according to claim 12, characterized in that in the case of a gas pressure charger the one-piece additional device ( 23 ) on the run ( 5 ) seated gas sampling piece ( 19 ) on the sleeve ( 9 ) is pushed.