DE10315976A1 - To prepare coated metal sheets for soldering/welding, for vehicle bodywork parts, the surface coating is removed by a laser beam at the joint surface zones - Google Patents
To prepare coated metal sheets for soldering/welding, for vehicle bodywork parts, the surface coating is removed by a laser beam at the joint surface zones Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DE10315976A1 DE10315976A1 DE10315976A DE10315976A DE10315976A1 DE 10315976 A1 DE10315976 A1 DE 10315976A1 DE 10315976 A DE10315976 A DE 10315976A DE 10315976 A DE10315976 A DE 10315976A DE 10315976 A1 DE10315976 A1 DE 10315976A1
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- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- coating
- surface layer
- component
- welding
- laser beam
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/20—Preliminary treatment of work or areas to be soldered, e.g. in respect of a galvanic coating
- B23K1/206—Cleaning
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/36—Removing material
- B23K26/40—Removing material taking account of the properties of the material involved
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/34—Coated articles, e.g. plated or painted; Surface treated articles
- B23K2101/35—Surface treated articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/30—Organic material
- B23K2103/42—Plastics
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/50—Inorganic material, e.g. metals, not provided for in B23K2103/02 – B23K2103/26
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Vorbereiten des Fügebereichs eines beschichteten Werkstücks, bei dem man im Fügebereich mindestens eine Oberflächenschicht des Werkstücks durch Einwirkung von Laserstrahlung mindestens teilweise abträgt.The The present invention relates to a method for preparing the joining region a coated workpiece, where you are in the joining area at least one surface layer of the workpiece abraded at least partially by the action of laser radiation.
Die
Aus
der
Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung besteht darin, ein Verfahren zum Vorbereiten des Fügebereichs eines Werkstücks der eingangs genannten Gattung zur Verfügung zu stellen, welches vielseitiger ist im Hinblick auf die Art des nachfolgenden Fügeverfahrens und welches sich zur Entfernung von Oberflächenschichten unterschiedlichster Art eignet.The The object of the present invention is a method to prepare the joining area of a workpiece to provide the genus mentioned above, which is more versatile is with regard to the nature of the subsequent joining process and which one for the removal of surface layers of all kinds.
Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe liefert das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zum Vorbereiten des Fügebereichs eines Werkstücks der eingangs genannten Gattung mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Hauptanspruchs. Erfindungsgemäß ist vorgesehen, dass man vor mindestens einem Fügeschritt mindestens eine Oberflächenschicht des Werkstücks in einem definierten Bereich flächig abträgt. Die abzutragende Oberflächenschicht kann eine organische Oberflächenbeschichtung sein, eine anorganische Oberflächenschicht oder es kann mindestens eine organische Beschichtung und mindestens eine anorganische Beschichtung mittels Laserstrahlung von dem Substrat entfernt werden. Man kann nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren zwei oder mehrere übereinander liegende Schichten gleichzeitig entfernen.The solution The method according to the invention provides for this task of the joining area of a workpiece the genus mentioned at the outset with the characteristic features of the main claim. According to the invention it is provided that before at least one joining step at least one surface layer of the workpiece in a defined area erodes. The surface layer to be removed can be an organic surface coating be an inorganic surface layer or it can have at least one organic coating and at least an inorganic coating by means of laser radiation from the substrate be removed. You can use the method according to the invention two or more one above the other Remove lying layers at the same time.
Vorzugsweise umfasst nach einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung der nachfolgende Fügevorgang wenigstens einen Lötprozess und/oder wenigstens einen Laserstrahlschweißvorgang und/oder Bolzenschweißen und/oder Widerstandspunktschweißen. Die im Fügebereich vor einem Lötprozess zu entfernende Oberflächenschicht kann vorzugsweise eine organische, eine anorganische bzw. eine anorganische und eine organische Oberflächenbeschichtung umfassen, beispielsweise eine Epoxidharzschicht. Die vor einem Laserstrahlschweißvorgang zu entfernende Oberflächenschicht kann eine anorganische, eine organische bzw. eine anorganische und eine organische Oberflächenbeschichtung umfassen, beispielsweise eine Zinkschicht oder eine zinkhaltige Schicht. Gemäß der erstgenannten bevorzugten Variante des Verfahrens wird ein Bauteil, dessen Oberflächenschicht erfindungsgemäß entfernt wurde anschließend in dem von der Oberflächenschicht befreiten Bereich mit einem weiteren Bauteil verlötet, wobei dieser Lötvorgang vorzugsweise durch Anwendung von Laserstrahlung erfolgt. Gemäß einer anderen bevorzugten Variante des Verfahrens wird ein Bauteil, dessen Oberflächenschicht erfindungsgemäß entfernt wurde, anschließend in dem von der Oberflächenschicht befreiten Bereich mit mindestens einem weiteren Bauteil vorzugsweise verschweißt. Dieses Verschweißen geschieht dabei vorzugsweise mittels Laserstrahlung.Preferably According to a development of the invention, the following comprises Joining process at least a soldering process and / or at least one laser beam welding process and / or stud welding and / or Resistance spot welding. The in the joining area before a soldering process surface layer to be removed can preferably be an organic, an inorganic or an inorganic and comprise an organic surface coating, for example an epoxy resin layer. The before a laser beam welding process surface layer to be removed can be an inorganic, an organic or an inorganic and an organic surface coating comprise, for example a zinc layer or a zinc-containing layer. According to the former A preferred variant of the method is a component whose surface layer removed according to the invention was subsequently in that of the surface layer freed area soldered to another component, whereby this soldering process preferably by using laser radiation. According to another A preferred variant of the method is a component whose surface layer removed according to the invention was afterwards in that of the surface layer exempted area preferably with at least one further component welded. This weld together is preferably done using laser radiation.
Der Laserstrahlschweißvorgang kann ohne oder unter Zugabe eines Zusatzwerkstoffes, insbesondere von Schweißdraht, Schweißpulver oder dergleichen erfolgen. Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren eignet sich insbesondere zum Fügen von Karosseriebauteilen, beispielsweise Karosserieblechen, die in irgend einer Form organische oder anorganische Beschichtungen aufweisen. Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren kommt besonders bevorzugt zur Behandlung von beschichteten Blechteilen im Karosseriebau in Betracht, die eine Feuerverzinkung, eine elektrolytische Verzinkung oder eine galvanische Verzinkung und/oder eine organische Beschichtung (z.B. Epoxidbeschichtung) aufweisen. Das Abtragen der Oberflächenschicht von dem zu fügenden Bauteil kann erfolgen, indem dieses Bauteil festgehalten und ein Laserstrahl automatisch oder manuell über die zu bearbeitende Oberfläche geführt wird. Man kann aber auch einen fest ausgerichteten Laserstrahl verwenden und das Bauteil, dessen Oberflächenschicht zu entfernen ist, automatisch oder manuell entsprechend dem zu entschichtenden Bereich am Laserstrahl entlang führen. Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren eignet sich insbesondere zum Fügen von Bauteilen im Karosseriebau und ist dabei für alle üblichen Stoßformen anwendbar, die im Karosseriebau vorkommen, beispielsweise für I-Nähte an Überlappungsstößen, Kehlnähte an Bördelstößen, Kehlnähte an Überlappungsstößen, Kehlnähte an T-Stößen und dergleichen. Das Verfahren ist ebenfalls bei Mehrblechschweißungen, z. B. bei Mehrblechverbindungen mit I-Naht am Überlappungsstoß geeignet. Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren dient insbesondere zur Behandlung korrosionsrelevanter Bauteile, die anschließend gefügt werden, da nur partiell die relevante Beschichtung abgetragen wird.The laser beam welding process can be carried out without or with the addition of a filler special of welding wire, welding powder or the like. The method according to the invention is particularly suitable for joining body components, for example body panels, which have organic or inorganic coatings in any form. The method according to the invention is particularly preferred for the treatment of coated sheet metal parts in body construction which have hot-dip galvanizing, electrolytic galvanizing or galvanizing and / or an organic coating (for example epoxy coating). The surface layer can be removed from the component to be joined by holding this component and a laser beam being guided automatically or manually over the surface to be processed. However, it is also possible to use a fixedly aligned laser beam and to guide the component, the surface layer of which is to be removed, automatically or manually along the laser beam in accordance with the area to be stripped. The method according to the invention is particularly suitable for joining components in body construction and can be used for all common butt shapes that occur in body construction, for example for I-seams at overlap joints, fillet seams at flare joints, fillet seams at overlap joints, fillet seams at T-joints and the like. The process is also used for multi-sheet welding, e.g. B. suitable for multi-sheet connections with I-seam at the overlap joint. The method according to the invention is used in particular for the treatment of corrosion-relevant components which are subsequently joined, since the relevant coating is only partially removed.
Ein Vorbereiten der Bauteile z.B. Einbringung von Abstandsnoppen ist nicht notwendig. In einem Preß-Werkzeug kann man z.B. einige Blechflansche aus Zugänglichkeitsgründen nicht mit Noppen versehen, so dass das Entfernen der Beschichtung mit Laserstrahl auch an „schwierigen" Blechstellen möglich ist. Ist in einer Fügeverbindung eine zu dicke Zinkschicht vorhanden, z.B. größer als 5 μm, so ist in der Regel ein negatives Schweißergebnis zu erwarten. Reduziert man die Zinkschichtdicke auf z.B. weniger als 5 μm, so ist mit einem positiven Schweißergebnis zu rechnen. Verringert man nur auf einen „Minimalwert", so ist eine höhere Abtragleistung mit Laserstrahl und somit eine höhere Abtragsgeschwindigkeit zu erreichen.On Preparation of the components e.g. Introduction of spacer knobs is unnecessary. In a press tool can you e.g. some sheet metal flanges are not for accessibility reasons provided with nubs so that the removal of the coating with Laser beam is also possible at "difficult" sheet metal points. Is in a joint the zinc layer is too thick, e.g. larger than 5 μm is usually a negative one welding results expected. If you reduce the zinc layer thickness to e.g. fewer than 5 μm, a positive welding result can be expected. decreases if you only have a "minimum value", there is a higher removal rate with laser beam and thus a higher one To achieve removal rate.
Erfindungsgemäß können auch beispielsweise Bauteile behandelt werden, die anschließend durch Laserlöten gefügt werden. Dabei werden die aufeinanderliegenden Flansche vorzugsweise von einer Beschichtung oder einem Oberflächenbeschichtungssystem befreit. In diesen Anwendungsfällen ist häufig eine Entfernung organischer Beschichtungen erforderlich, die großflächig erfolgen muss, wobei unter einer organischen Beschichtung eine andere, beispielsweise eine anorganische Beschichtung vorhanden sein kann. Erfindungsgemäß kann in diesen Fällen die selektive Entfernung der organischen Beschichtung erfolgen, wobei eine Grundbeschichtung auf dem Werkstoff, beispielsweise eine Verzinkung oder dergleichen bestehen bleibt. In wiederum anderen Anwendungsfällen kann es jedoch erforderlich sein, sowohl eine obere beispielsweise organische Beschichtung und eine darunter liegende anorganische Beschichtung, beispielsweise ein Zinkschicht gleichzeitig zu entfernen. Der Abtrag der einen oder mehreren Schichten erfolgt dann selektiv oder vollständig je nach Bedarf, wobei der entsprechende Laser eingestellt und dem jeweiligen Anwendungszweck entsprechend die Parameter der Laserstrahlvorrichtung eingestellt werden. In dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren können verschiedene Laser zur Anwendung kommen, beispielsweise Festkörperlaser, Kohlendioxidlaser, Diodenlaser und Faserlaser oder andere. Besonders bevorzugt ist die Verwendung eines kurzgepulsten Nd: YAG-Lasers. Die Auswahl des Lasers erfolgt zudem in Abhängigkeit der zu verdampfenden organischen bzw. anorganischen Beschichtung sowie der Abtragstiefe und Abtragsbreite.According to the invention, too for example, components that are subsequently treated by laser soldering together become. The flanges lying one on top of the other are preferred freed from a coating or a surface coating system. In these use cases is common removal of organic coatings required, which must be carried out over a large area, where under one organic coating another, for example there may be an inorganic coating. According to the invention in these cases the organic coating is removed selectively, with a base coating on the material, for example a zinc coating or the like remains. In still other use cases however, it may be necessary to use both an upper and an organic one Coating and an underlying inorganic coating, for example to remove a zinc layer at the same time. The removal the one or more layers then take place selectively or completely as needed, with the appropriate laser set and the respective Application purpose according to the parameters of the laser beam device can be set. In the method according to the invention, various Lasers are used, for example solid-state lasers, carbon dioxide lasers, Diode lasers and fiber lasers or others. Is particularly preferred the use of a short pulsed Nd: YAG laser. The selection of the Lasers are also dependent the organic or inorganic coating to be evaporated and the depth and width of the cut.
Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung ist weiterhin ein Verfahren zur Verbindung von wenigstens zwei Bauteilen durch wenigstens einen Fügeschritt, bei dem der Fügebereich wenigstens eines der Bauteile nach einem Verfahren der zuvor genannten Art vorbereitet wurde. Vorzugsweise umfasst der anschließende Fügevorgang wenigstens einen Lötschritt und/oder einen Schweißvorgang, vorzugsweise ein Laserlöten oder Laserstrahlschweißen oder Bolzenschweißen oder Widerstandspunktschweißen.object the present invention is also a method of connection of at least two components by at least one joining step, where the joining area at least one of the components according to a method of the aforementioned Was kind of prepared. The subsequent joining process preferably comprises at least one soldering step and / or a welding process, preferably laser soldering or laser beam welding or stud welding or spot welding.
Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung ist weiterhin ein Karosseriebauteil, welches mindestens teilweise nach einem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren bearbeitet wurde. Insbesondere betrifft die Erfindung ein Karosseriebauteil umfassend wenigstens teilweise beschichtete Blechteile, die nach einem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren vor dem Fügevorgang behandelt und/oder nach einem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren gefügt wurden.object the present invention is also a body component, which processes at least partially by a method according to the invention has been. In particular, the invention relates to a body component comprising at least partially coated sheet metal parts according to a method according to the invention before the joining process treated and / or added by a method according to the invention.
Die in den Unteransprüchen genannten Merkmale betreffen bevorzugte Weiterbildungen der erfindungsgemäßen Aufgabenlösung. Weitere Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Detailbeschreibung.The in the subclaims Features mentioned relate to preferred developments of the task solution according to the invention. Further Advantages of the invention result from the following detailed description.
Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen unter Bezugnahme auf die beiliegenden Zeichnungen näher beschrieben. Dabei zeigenfollowing The invention is based on exemplary embodiments with reference described in more detail on the accompanying drawings. Show
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wird unter Bezugnahme auf die
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- 1010
- Blechsheet
- 1111
- Zinkschichtzinc coating
- 1212
- Bonazinc-BeschichtungBonazinc coating
- 1313
- Laserstrahllaser beam
- 1414
- BereichArea
- 1515
- weiteres Bauteiladditional component
- 1616
- Kehlnahtfillet
- 1717
- Überlappungsbereichoverlap area
- 1818
- äußerer Eckbereichouter corner area
- 1919
- Kehlnahtfillet
- 2020
- Bauteilcomponent
- 2121
- definierter Bereichdefined Area
- 2222
- Bauteilcomponent
- 2424
- Zinkschichtzinc coating
- 2525
- I-NahtI-seam
- 2626
- Bauteilcomponent
- 2727
- Blechteilsheet metal part
- 2828
- Oberflächenbeschichtungsurface coating
- 2929
- Fügebereichjoining area
- 3030
- Schweißbolzenwelding studs
- 3131
- Stirnflächeface
- 3232
- Fügeflächejoining surface
- 33, 3433 34
- Blechesheets
- 3535
- Oberflächenbeschichtungsurface coating
- 36, 3736 37
- Elektrodenelectrodes
- 3838
- Fügebereich (Schweißpunkt)joining area (Welding point)
Claims (20)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10315976A DE10315976A1 (en) | 2003-04-08 | 2003-04-08 | To prepare coated metal sheets for soldering/welding, for vehicle bodywork parts, the surface coating is removed by a laser beam at the joint surface zones |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10315976A DE10315976A1 (en) | 2003-04-08 | 2003-04-08 | To prepare coated metal sheets for soldering/welding, for vehicle bodywork parts, the surface coating is removed by a laser beam at the joint surface zones |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE10315976A1 true DE10315976A1 (en) | 2004-10-21 |
Family
ID=33016209
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10315976A Ceased DE10315976A1 (en) | 2003-04-08 | 2003-04-08 | To prepare coated metal sheets for soldering/welding, for vehicle bodywork parts, the surface coating is removed by a laser beam at the joint surface zones |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE10315976A1 (en) |
Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102005019212A1 (en) * | 2005-04-25 | 2006-10-26 | Welser Profile Ag | Process to descale galvanized steel tube by high-frequency electricity for application of end-cap |
| DE102006008852A1 (en) * | 2006-02-25 | 2007-08-30 | Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg | Multi-sheet metal plates connection e.g. three-sheet metal plates connection, has external plates deformed in feed-through of intermediate plate for connecting external plates with intermediate plate |
| DE102007028137A1 (en) * | 2007-06-19 | 2008-12-24 | Volkswagen Ag | Method for beam welding for connecting two coated, especially galvanized sheet metal components, involves arranging different-welded sheet metal components initially relative to each other |
| WO2009092760A1 (en) * | 2008-01-25 | 2009-07-30 | Thyssenkrupp Steel Ag | Method and device for removal of a metallic coating |
| WO2013050855A3 (en) * | 2011-10-06 | 2013-07-11 | Lincoln Global Inc. | Apparatus for and method of laser cleaning of coated materials prior to welding |
| WO2015106361A1 (en) * | 2014-01-14 | 2015-07-23 | Andritz Soutec Ag | Method for controlling a laser ablation process using image analysis |
| US9375809B2 (en) | 2006-04-19 | 2016-06-28 | Arcelormittal France | Method of butt-welding a coated steel plate |
| DE102017128763A1 (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2019-06-06 | Precitec Gmbh & Co. Kg | Laser beam welding process for welding at least two coated workpieces and laser processing system for machining at least two coated workpieces |
| DE102018208787A1 (en) * | 2018-06-05 | 2019-12-05 | Audi Ag | Laser soldering device with trailing solder wire and laser soldering method |
| WO2021013939A1 (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2021-01-28 | Tata Steel Nederland Technology B.V. | Method for the removal of a coating from a metal substrate by laser ablation |
| US20210308790A1 (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2021-10-07 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Method for Welding a Zinc-Coated Motor Vehicle Component |
| EP4168204A1 (en) * | 2020-06-23 | 2023-04-26 | Strunk Connect Automated Solutions GmbH & Co. KG | Method for producing a gap-free and non-positive connection |
| CN116921792A (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2023-10-24 | 本田技研工业株式会社 | Laser brazing method |
| WO2024174021A1 (en) * | 2023-02-20 | 2024-08-29 | Magna International Inc. | System and method for de-coating components with a laser |
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2003
- 2003-04-08 DE DE10315976A patent/DE10315976A1/en not_active Ceased
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| DE69710761T2 (en) * | 1996-07-13 | 2002-07-18 | Carnaudmetalbox S.A., Saint Ouen | WELDING PACKAGING CONTAINERS |
| DE19923495A1 (en) * | 1999-02-17 | 2000-08-24 | Volkswagen Ag | Process for removing lubricants and / or adhesives |
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