DE10312252A1 - Method and device for avoiding personal injury and property damage by motor vehicle doors - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention serves to avoid personal injury and damage to property by motor vehicle doors (2) of sustained and / or parking motor vehicles (1) having at least one camera (4) monitoring the exterior space (3), in particular the adjacent and / or above the vehicle (1) ). According to the invention z. B. when stopping the vehicle (1) detected by an evaluation unit (6) falls below a fixed or variable speed, acceleration and / or distance-dependent threshold (SW) or in by the evaluation unit (6) recognized receipt of the locking mechanism of the vehicle doors (2) unlocking signal activates an operating mode monitoring the inner (7) and / or outer (8) door handle, and the outer space (3) of the motor vehicle (1) is monitored by means of the camera (4) and the output of an acoustic, optical and / or As soon as a person actuates the door handle (7, 8) of the vehicle door (2) or, if so automated, unlocks it, although in the field of view (5) of the camera (4) a fixed (9) or approaching (10) object is detected. DOLLAR A The present invention advantageously reduces the risk of accidents, damage to property or personal injury. It is suitable in an advantageous manner as an implementation in already known, the leader of a moving motor vehicle (1) supporting assistants such as the lane detection or monitoring, the so-called. Blind spot and lane changes, obstacle warning, to the ...

Description

Method and device for avoiding Personal injury and property damage through motor vehicle doors The invention relates to a method and a device for avoiding of personal injury and property damage through motor vehicle doors sustained and / or parked motor vehicles with at least one the outside space capturing monitoring unit.

There are situations in traffic, because the driver is simply overwhelmed. For example brakes in the column: If you are careless for a short time, if one slows down in front of him, there is hardly a chance, in time to come to a stop. Accident researchers therefore demand sensors that react to brake lights before the driver perceives.

Similar it is when changing the lane. If you have to dodge suddenly, go that often so fast that time for the practiced look in the rearview mirror not enough. Here too, sensors can help and the traffic space next to your own car incessantly in the Keep Focus to warn others before changing direction Conjured up dangers.

A real problem then arises if an overtaking Vehicle moved so far is that the driver has no chance to see it. It disappears for him in the so-called "dead Angle "(so-called blind-spot) next to your own vehicle. For passenger cars (cars) can be that by the regular look in the interior rearview mirror Compensate, but it in trucks (trucks) with box body does not exist.

To avoid the above problems is known, for example, a micro-camera monitoring the blind spot in the left side mirror to arrange. The driver sets the left turn signal or pulls without To blink on the adjacent lane, it will visually and / or Acoustically warned when another vehicle is in this lens not visible area is located.

While for such Problems associated with moving motor vehicles in the state of Technique sufficiently solution suggestions findable are, seems the potential hazard by long-term or parked motor vehicles so far disregarded remained. While in the persistent or holding vehicle is usually still a passenger staying, in the following is a parked vehicle by an occupant-free and regularly closed State defined.

Often happen just when getting off passengers from a motor vehicle accidents esp. if inadvertently doors open on which then other motor vehicles or cyclists ascend. This can cause serious injuries, especially for cyclists come when these over the vehicle door be thrown on the street, the sidewalk or the bike path and known about none passive protection system.

That is why it can be found in the road traffic regulations most countries Europe's a rule, so the doors of a vehicle not so open for a long time and will not stay open allowed, as thereby endangers other road users or can be hampered. A rule that is known to you from the driving school time, you would have actually believe. Unfortunately, that's not how many traffic accidents prove who have their cause precisely in the disregard of this commandment.

This commandment is not about only to the driver, but to anyone who opens a vehicle door, so also to the passenger as well as to all other outgoing or jumping out Vehicle occupants, because even the inmate himself can by straight passing cyclists, motor vehicles or the like serious injuries bear of it.

Not least, the bid is directed also to the persons who are only with Help to get in and out and open the door from the outside or keep open. In addition the rule applies to both the opening roadside as well as pavement doors a lingering or parked vehicle and the like, whether it is a winged or sliding door, possibly already operated by an electric motor, because also pedestrians are Road users who by careless opening a vehicle door or by outgoing persons, jumping out children, etc. can be harmed.

To avoid such personal injury often next to the as parking or holding surfaces designated zones obstacles such as so-called bollards, boundary stones or the like, arranged due to their sometimes low height through the side window are hardly ausmachbar. When opening the vehicle door It is therefore often annoying Paint and / or sheet metal damage to the vehicle, if this z.T. violently against such limitations abut what depending on the inclined local Topography is sometimes hardly avoidable.

Similarly problematic is the mechanical and / or modern motor unlocking or opening a vehicle door designed as a tailgate of a motor vehicle in underground garages esp. An unknown car park or shopping center. Different ceiling heights due to beams, support beams, guided on the ceiling supply lines, or the like, can be difficult to identify especially in often encountered low light conditions or poorly assess their distance, so that often Heck flaps, supported by gas spring or the like, in some cases strongly abut it and be damaged.

It is an object of the present invention that to avoid the aforementioned disadvantages. In particular, a procedure and a device for preventing personal injury and property damage by vehicle doors more durable or parked motor vehicles.

This object is achieved by the Characteristics of the independent Claims solved.

Advantageous embodiments and Further developments, which individually or in combination with each other can be used are the subject of the dependent Claims.

The invention for avoiding Personal injury and property damage through motor vehicle doors sustained motor vehicles comprises at least one exterior space, in particular the monitoring unit, which covers the vehicle, as well as an evaluation unit for transmitted by the monitoring unit Dates. When detected by the evaluation unit falls below a fixed or variable threshold (SW) or at by the evaluation unit Recognized receipt of a locking mechanism of the vehicle door unlocking Signal becomes a vehicle door monitoring the inside door handle Operating mode is activated and causes the issuing of a warning signal, as soon as an occupant actuates the inside door handle of the vehicle door or unlocked, though in the supervised Area of the monitoring unit detected a substantially stationary or approaching object is. As fixed objects are in particular bollards, boundary stones, Curbs or the like ausmachbar, but also bumps or puddles, to save a passenger from kinking or just getting wet feet. The above invention thus has the advantage that the danger a personal injury or property damage by careless opening a vehicle door clearly minimized by a person from the inside because the issue a warning signal regularly will cause more mindful behavior in the user of the vehicle door.

Subject of the present invention is also an alternative method or apparatus for avoidance of personal and property damage Motor vehicle doors sustained or parked motor vehicles comprising at least one the outside space, in particular the adjacent and / or above the vehicle, detecting monitoring unit as well as an evaluation unit for transmitted by the monitoring unit Dates. When detected by the evaluation unit falls below a fixed or variable threshold (SW) or at by the evaluation unit Recognized receipt of a locking mechanism of the vehicle door unlocking Signal becomes an outside one Door handle of the Vehicle door monitoring Operating mode activated and the issuance of a warning signal prompted as soon as a person the outside door handle the vehicle door actuated or unlocked, though in the supervised Area of the monitoring unit a, in particular approaching or above the vehicle stationary, Object is detected. In particular, as approaching objects Cyclists, pedestrians or detected moving third-party vehicles. As above the vehicle stationary Objects are in particular ceiling beams, cables led to a ceiling or another ceiling height Detecting diminishing elements. The aforementioned invention has to Advantage that the risk of personal injury or damage to property the careless opening a vehicle door by a person from the outside is significantly minimized because the output of a warning signal is a regular one cause more mindful behavior in the user of the vehicle door becomes.

Preferred in accordance with the invention is one of the speed the vehicle dependent threshold (SW) provided. In this case, the door handle monitoring mode falls below a Vehicle speed activated, for example, at the latest at 5 km / h, especially at 8 km / h, preferably already at 10 km / h. The above speed values are based on a life experience, Accordingly, even rolling or decelerating vehicles not uncommon to be left in imprudent ways. The speed signal itself, for example, from the motor vehicle Tachome ter as also from a suitable monitoring unit originate, especially if this is an image acquisition unit.

Alternatively, possibly also cumulatively, to a speed-dependent Threshold (SW), an acceleration-dependent threshold (SW) is provided. In this case, it is suggested to prefer the door handle monitoring mode dependent on a detected vehicle deceleration to activate.

Finally, it is also proposed to activate the door handle monitoring mode as a function of a detected object distance. This is particularly advantageous when the vehicle door, the tailgate of a vehicle is open, which, for example, in an underground car park while open but should not strike against the ceiling or suspended areas. According to this scenario, a monitoring unit, for example in the rear bumper, in any case arranged so that it detects the lying above the tailgate outside space of the motor vehicle with respect to stationary objects and causes the issue of a warning signal at insufficient distance. It is understood that such protective measures are also conceivable for the radiator hood of a motor vehicle, but more of an academic nature, are.

According to the invention are preferred issued optical, acoustic and / or warning signals.

As optical warning signals are available For example, flashing red light emitting diodes (LED) displays on. Such a means for outputting an optical warning signal is preferred on the vehicle door arranged, for example in spatial and / or optical proximity of the inner door handle, preferably equally well from inside and outside visible. Be in contrast no Danger objects detected, this can be done, for example, with a permanently green light-emitting Diode (LED) are displayed.

As acoustic warning signals come simple sound output such as a steady tone or intuitive signals such as a bicycle bell or a car horn as well as more comfortable language editions, such as "Caution: Bollard "," House wall "," Attention: Cyclists "," driving, if necessary also parking, third vehicle "," care: Uneven ground "," curb "," puddle "or the like. A speaker for Such sound output is preferably in the headliner, in the vehicle door itself or arranged at another suitable location in the motor vehicle, which can also be part of the car's own music system. The latter Case advantageously allows the output of directional or directed Sound signals similar like the so-called stereo surround, for example in the cinema.

Habtische means delay according to the invention preferred an opening the vehicle door. For example, these allow the opening of a door only at a second attempt, especially when switching on the ignition the vehicle doors automatically, to protect the occupants, were locked so nobody a door rip and threaten the inmates. Alternatively or possibly cumulatively thereto also a first onset locking mechanism conceivable, which for example in conjunction with one, preferably in addition to or arranged on or in the handle or integrated, confirmation mechanism, e.g. a button is disabled. In any case, in the case an accident immediately all doors unlocked, so from the outside Help is possible.

In a further preferred embodiment of Invention other road users or road users such Pedestrians, cyclists or leader Third party vehicles also before the upcoming door opening or at later Warned approaching an already open vehicle door, for example about the vehicle's own turn signals and / or headlights or taillights.

According to the invention, a monitoring unit is preferred with a substantially aligned counter to the direction monitoring area in the exterior rearview mirror and / or behind the rear window and / or in the tail light and / or in the front light and / or arranged in the turn signal of the motor vehicle. Alternatively or cumulative for this is a monitoring unit with a substantially aligned in the direction of travel monitoring area in Door mirrors and / or behind the rear window and / or in the tail light and / or in the front light and / or arranged in the turn signal of the motor vehicle. Finally is a monitoring unit with a substantially vertically upwardly directed surveillance area in the bumper, the mobile or radio antenna, or other appropriate location arranged the motor vehicle. Such arrangements allow in advantageously at least partially to almost complete monitoring of the exterior space a motor vehicle. As monitoring units have units with 2D or 3D image acquisition sensors like in mono, stereo and / or Runtime cameras, ultrasonic sensors, radar sensors, infrared sensors, and / or the like more, proven.

According to the invention, the vehicle doors can be preferred depending on Equipment of the motor vehicle and / or expediency wholly or partly mechanically and / or electric and / or motor, especially electromotive, unlock and / or lock. In particular, the opening and Conclude from wing and sliding doors and the tailgate electrically and automatically by pressing a button Remote control, or the like, for example, from the driver's seat.

The present invention reduces advantageously the risk of accidents, property and / or personal injury. she is suitable in an advantageous manner as an implementation in already known, the leader a moving motor vehicle assistants such as the assistant for track recognition or monitoring, the so-called blind spot and lane changes, the obstacle warning, the pre-crash sensing, for traffic sign recognition, for parking, or the like.

Additional details and more Advantages of the invention will be described below with reference to preferred embodiments in conjunction with the attached Drawing described.

In it show schematically:

1 a motor vehicle with a lateral outside space detecting monitoring unit; and

2 a motor vehicle with a top outside space detecting monitoring unit.

1 schematically shows a motor vehicle 1 , This is with at least one, the outside space 3 capturing monitoring unit 4 fitted. As a monitoring unit 4 are preferably units with 2D or 3D image acquisition sensors as in mono, stereo and / or runtime cameras, ultrasonic sensors, radar sensors, infrared sensors, and / or the like more. The principle of the invention will be described below by way of example with reference to an image acquisition unit, which is preferably a camera. One or more evaluation units 6 for example, that of the image capture unit 4 transmitted image data are preferably at a central location, for example in the vehicle tunnel, of the motor vehicle 1 or at another suitable location in the vehicle 1 arranged.

When stopping the vehicle 1 is added by the evaluation unit 6 detected underflow of a fixed or variable speed, acceleration and / or distance-dependent threshold (SW) or by the evaluation unit 6 Recognized receipt of the closing mechanism of the vehicle doors 2 unlocking signal on the inside 7 and / or externa ßeren 8th Door handle monitoring operating mode activated and the outside space 3 of the motor vehicle 1 by means of the camera 4 supervised.

The sensor of the monitoring unit 4 , In the example of the camera optics, has an opening angle α, which is a so-called, both horizontally and vertically extending field of view 5 defined, which allows the monitoring objects, obstacles or hazards therein. In the case of a stationary obstacle, such as a bollard 9 , or an approaching object, such as a cyclist 10 , a pedestrian, a car (not shown) or the like, this is from the camera system 4 registered, whereupon the evaluation unit 6 causes the output of an optical, acoustic and / or warning signal, in particular as soon as a door handle from the inside 7 and / or from the outside 8th is actuated or unlocked.

This is in modern automotive, especially in view of the increasing collection of automated electronic unlocking and locking systems advantage. So can be increasingly designed as a tailgate vehicle doors 2 , for example, from the driver's seat, electrically unlock and, if necessary supported by spring force mechanically upright and / or fix advantageous in any position from a certain opening angle. If such automated processes were to run unchecked, property damage could hardly be avoided in many cases. The same applies, for example, to the electric motor assisted automatic opening of vehicle doors designed as sliding doors 2 Especially since this process for third parties - unlike when opening a hinged door - is significantly harder to identify. If then, what especially children - but also many adults - tend, an inmate without circumspection from a vehicle 1 jumps, are without the present invention, personal injury difficult to avoid, esp. When passing road users like a cyclist 10 etc. can no longer brake or avoid.

For example, red flashing light emitting diodes (LED) displays can be used as visual warning signals 14 on. Such a means 14 for issuing an optical warning signal is preferably on the vehicle door 2 arranged, for example in spatial and / or optical proximity of the inner door handle 7 , and in particular equally well visible from inside and outside. In contrast, no danger objects 9 . 10 etc., this can be done, for example, with a permanent green LED 14 are displayed.

According to the invention, a warning is also given to other road users; in particular via the vehicle's turn signal 11 and / or headlights 12 or taillights 13 ,

As installation locations for a camera 4 with a substantially aligned against the direction of travel field of view 5 offer the left 15 and rights 16 Exterior rearview mirror, a space behind the rear window 17 , in the tail light 13 , in particular lateral area of the headlight 12 and / or in the turn signal 11 of the motor vehicle 1 on.

As installation locations for a camera 4 with a field of view substantially aligned in the direction of travel 5 also the left one can offer themselves 15 and rights 16 Exterior rearview mirror, a place behind the front or windshield 18 , in the tail light 13 , in the front light 12 and / or in the - esp. Side area of the - turn signal 11 of the motor vehicle 1 on.

2 shows a motor vehicle 1 with one the upper outer space 3 capturing monitoring unit 4 to damage a vehicle door designed as a tailgate 2 Especially in an underground car park. A mode for monitoring the door handle 8th the tailgate 2 is like to 1 described activated. As installation locations for such a monitoring unit 4 with a, for example, vertically, upwardly directed field of view 5 Offer especially the bumper 19 or even the mobile radio or radio antenna 20 of the motor vehicle 1 ,

The sensor, for example an optic, of the monitoring unit 4 has an opening angle α, which is a so-called, substantially vertical but also possibly horizontally extending field of view 5 defined, which allows the monitoring objects, obstacles or hazards therein. In the case of a stationary obstacle in an underground car park, for example a support element 21 or one on the ceiling 23 the underground garage guided pipeline 22 this is done by the camera system 4 registered, whereupon the evaluation unit 6 the issue of an optical, acoustic and / or warning signal, in particular as soon as the door handle 8th the tailgate 2 actuated from the outside or, if so automated, unlocked.

The present invention advantageously reduces the risk of accidents, property damage or personal injury. It is suitable in an advantageous manner As an implementation in already known, the leader of a moving motor vehicle 1 assistants such as those for lane detection or monitoring, so-called blind spot and lane change, obstacle warning, pre-crash sensing, traffic sign recognition, parking, or the like.

Claims (26)

Method for preventing personal injury and property damage by motor vehicle doors ( 2 ) of continuing motor vehicles ( 1 ) with at least one exterior space ( 3 ), in particular next to the vehicle ( 1 ), monitoring unit ( 4 ), in which an evaluation unit ( 6 ) for the monitoring unit ( 4 ) transmitted by the evaluation unit ( 6 ) detected undershoot of a fixed or variable threshold (SW) or by the evaluation unit ( 6 ) detected receipt of the closing mechanism of the vehicle door ( 2 ) unlocking signal - one the inside door handle ( 7 ) of the vehicle door ( 2 ) operating mode is activated, and - the issuing of a warning signal is initiated as soon as an occupant releases the inside door handle ( 7 ) of the vehicle door ( 2 ) is actuated or unlocked, although in the monitored area ( 5 ) of the monitoring unit ( 4 ) a substantially stationary ( 9 ) or approaching ( 10 ) Object is detected. Method for avoiding personal injury and property damage by motor vehicle doors ( 2 ) permanent or parking motor vehicles ( 1 ) with at least one exterior space ( 3 ), in particular next to and / or above the vehicle ( 1 ), monitoring unit ( 4 ), in which an evaluation unit ( 6 ) for the monitoring unit ( 4 ) transmitted by the evaluation unit ( 6 ) detected undershoot of a fixed or variable threshold (SW) or by the evaluation unit ( 6 ) detected receipt of the closing mechanism of the vehicle door ( 2 ) unlocking signal - one the outside door handle ( 8th ) of the vehicle door ( 2 ) operating mode is activated, and - the issuing of a warning signal, as soon as a person activates the outside door handle ( 8th ) of the vehicle door ( 2 ) is actuated or unlocked, although in the monitored area ( 5 ) of the monitoring unit ( 4 ), in particular approaching or above the vehicle ( 1 ) stationary object ( 10 respectively. 21 . 22 ) is detected. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the door handle monitoring mode is activated when a vehicle speed is fallen short of, no later than for example, at 5 km / h, especially at 8 km / h, preferably already at 10 km / h. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the door handle monitoring mode dependent on a detected vehicle deceleration is activated. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the door handle monitoring mode dependent on a detected object distance is activated. Method according to one of the preceding claims, in which issued an optical, acoustic and / or warning signal becomes. Method according to Claim 6, in which the optical warning signal is an LED display (for example red-blinking) ( 14 ) at a detected object ( 9 ; 10 ) and one, for example, permanently green lit, LED display ( 14 ) in an object-free monitoring area ( 5 ) are provided. A method according to claim 6 or 7, wherein said acoustic Warning signal a simple sound output such as a steady tone, an intuitive signal like a bicycle bell or a car horn and / or a more comfortable voice output, such as "Caution: Bollard "," House wall "," Attention: Cyclist "," driving or third-party parking vehicle "," care: Uneven ground "," curbside "," puddle of water "or the like, are provided. Method according to Claims 6 to 8, in which a delayed opening of the vehicle door ( 2 ), which is allowed in particular only in a second attempt is provided. Method according to Claims 6 to 8, in which the vehicle door (as warning signal) 2 ) locking mechanism is provided, which unlocks, for example, only in conjunction with a confirmation mechanism. Method according to one of the preceding claims, in which also a warning of other road users ( 10 ) is provided, for example via the motor vehicle turn signals ( 11 ) and / or headlights ( 12 ) or, taillights ( 13 ). Method according to one of the preceding claims, in which the use of a monitoring unit ( 4 ) is provided with 2D or 3D image acquisition sensors such as in mono, stereo and / or runtime cameras, ultrasonic sensors, radar sensors, infrared sensors, and / or the like. Method according to one of the preceding claims, in which the vehicle doors ( 2 ) mechanically, electrically and / or motor, esp. elektromoto be unlocked, unlocked and / or locked, in particular the opening and closing of wing and sliding doors ( 2 ) and the tailgate ( 2 ) is done automatically by pressing a button, remote control or the like automated. Device for preventing personal injury and property damage by motor vehicle doors ( 2 ) of continuing motor vehicles ( 1 ), in particular for carrying out the method according to one of the preceding claims, with - at least one outdoor space ( 3 ), in particular next to the vehicle ( 1 ), monitoring unit ( 4 ); - an evaluation unit ( 6 ) for the monitoring unit ( 4 ) transmitted data; - a means ( 6 ) for detecting an undershooting of a fixed or variable threshold value (SW) and / or for detecting the reception of a locking mechanism of the vehicle door ( 2 ) unlocking signal; - a means ( 6 ) for activating an inside door handle ( 7 ) of the vehicle door ( 2 ) monitoring operating mode; and with - a means ( 14 ) for issuing a warning signal as soon as an occupant at least releases the inside door handle ( 7 ) of the vehicle door ( 2 ) is actuated or unlocked, although in the monitored area ( 5 ) of the monitoring unit ( 4 ) a substantially stationary ( 9 ) or approaching ( 10 ) Object is detected. Device for preventing personal injury and property damage by motor vehicle doors ( 2 ) permanent or parking motor vehicles ( 1 ), in particular for carrying out the method according to one of the preceding claims, with - at least one outdoor space ( 3 ), in particular next to and / or above the vehicle ( 1 ), monitoring unit ( 4 ); - an evaluation unit ( 6 ) for the monitoring unit ( 4 ) transmitted data; - a means ( 6 ) for detecting an undershooting of a fixed or variable threshold value (SW) and / or for detecting the reception of a locking mechanism of the vehicle door ( 2 ) unlocking signal; - a means ( 6 ) for activating an external door handle ( 8th ) of the vehicle door ( 2 ) monitoring operating mode; and with - a means ( 6 ) for issuing a warning signal as soon as a person removes the outside door handle ( 8th ) of the vehicle door ( 2 ) is actuated or unlocked, although in the monitored area ( 5 ) of the monitoring unit ( 4 ), in particular approaching or above the vehicle ( 1 ) stationary object ( 10 respectively. 21 . 22 ) is detected. Apparatus according to claim 14 or 15, characterized by means for dispensing an optical ( 14 ), acoustic and / or warning signals. Device according to claim 16, characterized by optical means ( 14 ), for example, an LED display, for outputting a warning signal, which on the vehicle door ( 2 ) are arranged, preferably in spatial and / or optical, esp. Equally well visible from inside and outside, neighborhood of the inner door handle ( 7 ). Apparatus according to claim 16 or 17, characterized by a in the headliner, in the vehicle door ( 2 ) itself or at another suitable location in the motor vehicle ( 1 ) arranged speaker, which may also be part of the car's own music system. Device according to claims 16 to 18, characterized by a means of assisting the opening of the vehicle door ( 2 ), preferably only on a second attempt. Device according to claims 16 to 18, characterized by the vehicle door ( 2 ) locking means, which in conjunction with a, preferably next to or on or in the handle ( 7 . 8th ) arranged or integrated, confirmation mechanism, such as a button, can be deactivated. Device according to one of claims 14 to 20, characterized by a means which also allows a warning of other road users, for example via the vehicle's own turn signals ( 11 ) and / or headlights ( 12 ) or taillights ( 13 ). Device according to one of the preceding claims 14 to 21, characterized by a in the outer rearview mirror ( 15 . 16 ) and / or behind the rear window ( 17 ) and / or in the tail light ( 13 ) and / or in the front light ( 12 ) and / or in the turn signal ( 11 ) of the motor vehicle monitoring unit ( 4 ) with a substantially aligned counter to the direction monitoring area ( 5 ). Device according to one of the preceding claims 14 to 22, characterized by a in the outer rearview mirror ( 14 . 15 ) and / or behind the windscreen ( 18 ) and / or in the front light ( 12 ) and / or in the tail light ( 13 ) and / or in the turn signal ( 11 ) of the motor vehicle ( 1 ) ( 4 ) with a substantially oriented in the direction of travel monitoring area ( 5 ). Device according to one of the preceding claims 14 to 23, characterized by a in the bumper ( 19 ), the mobile radio or radio antenna ( 20 ), behind the rear window ( 17 ), or other suitable location of the motor vehicle monitoring unit ( 4 ) with a substantially upward-oriented surveillance area ( 5 ). Device according to one of the preceding claims 14 to 24, characterized by a monitoring unit ( 4 ) with 2D or 3D image acquisition sensors such as in mono, stereo and / or runtime cameras, ultrasonic sensors, radar sensors, infrared sensors, and / or the like. Device according to one of the preceding claims 14 to 25, characterized by mechanical, electrical and / or motor, esp. Electric motor, unlockable and / or lockable vehicle doors ( 2 ), in particular automated by pressing a button, remote control or the like.