DE10312714A1 - Electromagnetically-operated clutch for car tailgate door drive has armature spaced axially from inner and outer poles only by first and second air gaps - Google Patents

Abstract

The armature (2) is spaced axially from the inner- and outer poles (11, 12) only by first- and second air gaps (9, 10).

Description

The invention relates to an electromagnetically actuated Coupling according to the generic term of claim 1 and the use of electromagnetic actuated Clutch.

Electromagnetically operated Couplings are from the prior art in a variety of modifications known.

A first from within the company State of the art electromagnetically actuated clutch, of which the Invention proceeds, has a coaxially penetrated by a shaft and U-shaped in axial section magnet housing on, the first leg of the U-shape of the magnet housing one annular in cross section Inner pole and the second leg form an outer pole which is annular in cross section.

With the electromagnetically actuated clutch according to this The internal state of the art is the magnet housing and so that the winding is also fixed. The fixed magnet housing surrounds the shaft not immediately. Rather, it is coaxial between the fixed one magnet housing and the shaft is connected to the shaft and therefore to it rotating magnetic body. This rotating magnetic body encompasses the magnet housing. The one encompassing the magnet housing Part of the magnetic body is located in the axial space between the fixed magnet housing and an axially movable and rotatable anchor.

Furthermore, the electromagnetic actuated Coupling one in the magnet housing Coil arranged coaxially between the inner pole and the outer pole on. When the winding is excited, the armature is attracted axially by the magnet housing and operated a coupling element.

The magnetic body also serves as a carrier annular, in the axial direction between the fixed magnet housing and the anchor arranged friction lining. The one when the winding is excited through the magnet housing axially tightened armature occurs with the friction lining and the poles in frictional Contact and forms together with this the aforementioned coupling element.

Furthermore, it is from within the company State of the art a second embodiment known the clutch is not equipped with a magnetic body but co-rotating is inserted directly into the magnet housing. In this case However, it is necessary to provide slip ring contacts over which the coil with electric current for actuating the coupling element is supplied.

Although such couplings basically proven there is still room for improvement.

The object of the invention is therefore seen in presenting an electromagnetically actuated clutch, which is easier and therefore cheaper to manufacture.

This task is done by an electromagnetic actuated Coupling with the features of claim 1 solved. advantageous Versions or Developments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.

According to the invention is electromagnetic actuated Coupling of the generic type the armature is rotatable relative to the magnet housing. Furthermore it is axial only through a first air gap from the inner pole and spaced from the outer pole of the magnet housing by a second air gap.

Opposite one electromagnetic actuated Coupling of the former from the internal state of the art Known type, the embodiment of the invention has the advantage that otherwise usual with slip ring-less clutches omitted and a compact design is achieved. On the one hand, this becomes the number the necessary individual parts as well as the total rotating mass reduced. Building a clutch from fewer parts implies however, one regularly simplified assembly and thus also a cost reduction for the Manufacture of the electromagnetically actuated clutch.

The waiver of the magnetic body has however, the consequence continues to be that the electromagnetically operable Coupling can be made smaller and more compact. This allows reduce the total weight of the clutch significantly again.

Reducing the co-rotating Mass leads Furthermore to increase the power density. Finally can in the clutch according to the invention one opposite usual Couplings reduce noise be determined.

A particularly advantageous variant The invention is that the magnet housing itself is stationary is, and the shaft rotatably in this fixed or stationary magnet housing and is axially supported.

You can also imagine the magnet housing with the winding rotatable, but in this If sliding contacts are necessary, which is the case with the preferred embodiment variant according to the invention omitted.

A particularly preferred embodiment variant of the invention is that the coupling element coaxial between the shaft and the Inner pole of the magnet housing is arranged. This integrated arrangement in the interior of the excitation system consisting of a magnet housing and winding represents a particularly space-saving design variant. In combination with the integrated bearing of the shaft, it is possible to minimize all the axial tolerances acting on the first working air gap and the second working air gap. The electromagnetically actuated coupling can be mounted in position very easily, for example by caulking, gluing, screwing, riveting or the like.

A variant of the invention provides before that the coupling element a plate pack with carried by an outer plate carrier outer disk and from an inner disk carrier is worn inner slats. This embodiment of a coupling element let yourself place particularly easily in the interior of the excitation system. In this case, the anchor with the outer disk carrier and is preferably the shaft is rotatably connected to the inner disk carrier. At the Actuate of the coupling element by means of the anchor, the entire outer plate carrier is included integrated pressure plate opposite the inner disk carrier moved with integrated end plate. The individual slats arrive thereby in frictional engagement. A torque flow is thus from the anchor the wave or vice versa.

An alternative embodiment the invention provides that the coupling element a first, a Transmission element having spur teeth comprises, which is non-rotatably connected to the anchor and a second, also has a spur transmission element, which is rotatably connected to the shaft. This coupling element too let yourself arrange in the interior of the excitation system described above.

The individual parts of the respective coupling elements are preferably made of a break-resistant and temperature-resistant plastic manufactured. In combination with the compact, small design of each Coupling elements can be operated electromagnetically Produce clutches which are compared to conventional ones from the prior art known embodiments have a significantly reduced weight.

In both embodiments of the coupling elements as a plate pack or as transmission elements with engageable spur gears can be a simple Adjustment of transferable Coupling torques can be made to the special application. In the case of a plate pack, this is preferably determined by the specification the number of slat sets accomplished, with a tooth coupling by varying the corresponding Tooth geometry. This measure will achieved that the displacement of the anchor when the Clutch is kept low. This leads to a significant one Noise reduction.

Another embodiment of the above Electromagnetically actuated clutches provides a biasing spring which thus relates the armature to the inner / outer poles of the magnet housing hold that air gap widths set between the anchor and these. The bias fields preferably generate a residual moment.

Another embodiment variant of the invention provides that the armature is rigidly connected to an input / output wheel is. In particular, this can directly into the input / output gear be injected. However, a rigid connection can be made, for example also realize by means of an interlocking toothing. The advantage of this embodiment consists of a further increase the overall efficiency (power density) and a resulting one potential Manufacturing cost reduction.

Such a completed, compact and preloaded coupling system is particularly suitable for efficient installation in a tailgate drive of a motor vehicle. Specifically, the electromagnetically actuated clutch is in the power train a tailgate drive for motorized tailgate drive (To open or closing) used in motor vehicles. This is the motor drive When opening or close switched on the tailgate. The clutch takes over the task, the powertrain to the motor or gearbox in the event of a power failure and in the case of operationally critical ones states (e.g. external force detection due to a foreign body between the tailgate and the cargo area) the tailgate power amplifier and the tailgate separate.

The invention based on two illustrated in the drawing embodiments. It demonstrate:

1 a first embodiment of an electromagnetically actuated multi-plate clutch according to the invention in axial half-section

2 a second embodiment of an electromagnetically actuated tooth coupling according to the invention in axial half-section.

The 1 shows an electromagnetically actuated multi-plate clutch according to the invention in axial half-section 2 shows an electromagnetically actuated tooth coupling according to the invention in axial half-section.

Both couplings have the following components in agreement:
The central component of both couplings is an annular magnet housing B, which is U-shaped in axial section. This magnet housing 8th is from an output or drive shaft 3 coaxially interspersed.

One leg of the U-shaped magnet housing in axial section 8th forms an inner pole with an annular cross section 11 , the other leg forms an outer pole with an annular cross section 12 , In the present case, the cross sections form the inner pole 11 and outer pole 12 a circular shape, but in principle it is also possible for these to have a polygonal or otherwise closed annular cross-sectional shape.

In the magnet housing 8th is coaxial between the inner pole 11 and the outer pole 12 a winding 1 arranged. This winding 1 is from a bobbin 1.1 worn, which is essentially with the magnet housing 8th is caulked.

There is also an annular anchor 2 Part of the electromagnetically actuated clutch. That ring-shaped anchor 2 is located in the axial direction on the front of the magnet housing 8th , From the inner pole 11 or the outer pole 12 is this anchor 2 through the two air gaps 9 and 10 Cut. When the winding is excited 1 there is a closed magnetic flux 13 about anchor 2 , Air gap 9 , Inner pole 11 , Outer pole 12 , Air gap 10 back to anchor 2 , This creates a magnetic force, such that the armature 2 with an axial force in the direction of the magnet housing 8th is applied.

In the present examples according to the 1 and 2 is the magnet housing 8th each fixed and the output / drive shaft 3 compared to this fixed magnet housing 8th designed to rotate. The anchor too 2 is relative to the magnet housing 8th rotatably.

That anchor 2 is form-fitting in both embodiments, rotation and displacement with an input or output gear 6 with external teeth 6.1 connected. In the embodiment according to the 1 is the anchor 2 into the drive or abrasion wheel, which is preferably made of plastic 6 injected. In the embodiment according to the 2 the drive or driven wheel is fixed 6 on the anchor 2 by means of appropriate screwing or riveting.

On the output / drive shaft 3 is an output / drive wheel 7 with external teeth 7.1 appropriate.

One via the input / output wheel 6 initiated torque is in both embodiments according to the 1 and 2 via a corresponding coupling element on the output / drive shaft 3 and thus on the down / drive wheel 7 transferable and vice versa. The respective coupling elements are coaxial between the respective output / drive shaft 3 and the inner pole 11 of the magnet housing 8th arranged. In the embodiment according to the 1 the coupling element is designed in the manner of a multi-plate clutch. In the embodiment according to the 2 it is a so-called tooth coupling.

The multi-plate clutch according to the 1 is carried out in a manner known per se. Like conventional multi-disc multi-plate clutches, it is based on several friction disks, which are generally referred to as disks. A first group of these slats, the so-called outer slats 5 , are on one here with the anchor 2 coupled outer disk carrier 17 and the second group of these slats, the so-called inner slats 4 , are on one here with the output / drive shaft 3 coupled inner disk carrier 18 arranged. The slats 4 . 5 of the two groups interlock, forming a lamella package. Here are the outer slats 5 and the inner slats 4 displaceable and can be brought into frictional engagement in pairs with their adjoining end faces. The axially displaceable but torsionally rigid connection between the inner disk carrier 18 and inner slats 4 or outer disk carrier 17 and outer slats 5 is achieved in that the inner disk carrier 18 an external toothing 18.1 and the inner slats 4 a corresponding internal toothing 4.1 as well as the outer disk carrier 17 an internal toothing 17.1 and the outer slats 5 an external toothing that corresponds essentially to this in terms of form and function 5.1 exhibit.

When the clutch is actuated by energizing the winding 1 becomes one piece with the outer disk carrier 17 connected pressure plate 17.2 on the face of a first lamella 4 pressed, which the entire plate pack against a rigid with the inner plate carrier 18 connected end plate 18.2 which presses itself against one with the magnet housing 8th caulked axial bearing washer 18.3 is pressed. In the present case, this takes place against the spring force of the plate spring 16.1 , which holds the armature 2 in the unloaded state with generation of a residual torque in a predefined position.

In the second embodiment of an electromagnetically actuated, slip ring-less tooth clutch 2 the actual coupling element consists of two transfer elements 14 . 15 , These transmission elements 14 . 15 are arranged in the interior of the excitation system, the end faces of which adjoin one another and are aligned with one another. These end faces each have spur gears 14.1 . 15.1 which by means of the anchor 2 against the force of a coil spring 16.2 are engageable.

1

winding

1.1

bobbins

2

anchor

3

From- or drive shaft

4

Internal lamella with internal teeth 4.1

4.1

Internal teeth on the inner lamella 4

5

External lamella with external teeth 5.1

5.1

External teeth of the outer lamella 5

6

Drive or drive wheel with external teeth 6.1

6.1

External toothing of the drive or driven wheel 6

7

Ab or drive wheel with external teeth 7.1

7.1

External toothing of the output or drive wheel 7

8th

magnet housing

9

first air gap

10

second air gap

11

pole

12

outer pole

13

magnetic flux

14

first transfer element

14.1

spur gearing

15

second transmission element

15.1

spur gearing

16.1

biasing spring (Plate spring)

16.2

biasing spring (Coil spring)

17

External disk carrier with internal teeth 17.1

17.1

Internal toothing of the outer disk carrier 17

17.2

printing plate

18

Inner disk carrier with external teeth 18.1

18.1

External teeth of the inner disk carrier 18

18.2

endplate

18.3

axial bearing disk

Claims (13)

Electromagnetically actuated clutch - with one of a shaft ( 3 ) pass through coaxially and in axial section U-shaped magnet housing ( 8th ), the first leg of which has an inner pole with an annular cross section ( 11 ) and the second leg of which has an outer pole which is annular in cross section ( 12 ) form - with one in the magnet housing ( 8th ) coaxial between the inner pole ( 11 ) and the outer pole ( 12 ) arranged winding ( 1 ), - with one when the winding is excited ( 1 ) through the magnet housing ( 8th ) axially tightened anchor ( 2 ) for actuating a coupling element ( 4 . 5 . 17.2 . 18.2 ; 14 . 15 ), which is relative to the magnet housing ( 8th ) is characterized by the fact that - the anchor ( 2 ) axially only through a first air gap ( 9 ) from the inner pole ( 11 ) and through a second air gap ( 10 ) from the outer pole ( 12 ) is spaced. Electromagnetically actuated clutch according to claim 1, characterized in that the shaft ( 3 ) in the fixed magnet housing ( 8th ) is rotatably and axially supported. Electromagnetically actuated clutch according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the coupling element ( 4 . 5 . 17.2 . 18.2 ; 14 . 15 ) coaxial between the shaft ( 3 ) and the inner pole ( 11 ) is arranged. Electromagnetically actuated clutch according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coupling element is a disk set with an outer disk carrier ( 17 ) worn outer slats ( 5 ) and an inner disk carrier ( 18 ) worn inner slats ( 4 ) is. Electromagnetically actuated coupling according to claim 4, characterized in that the armature ( 2 ) with the outer disk carrier ( 17 ) and the wave ( 3 ) with the inner disk carrier ( 18 ) are non-rotatably connected. Electromagnetically actuated coupling according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the coupling element has a first spur toothing ( 14.1 ) having first transmission element ( 14 ), which rotates with the anchor ( 2 ) is connected and a second, a spur toothing ( 15.1 ) having transmission element ( 15 ), which rotates with the shaft ( 3 ) connected is. Electromagnetically actuated clutch according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a biasing spring ( 16.1 . 16.2 ) is provided, which the anchor ( 2 ) the width of the first air gap ( 9 ) and the width of the second air gap ( 10 ) holds down. Electromagnetically actuated coupling according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a biasing fields ( 16.1 . 16.2 ) is provided, which the anchor ( 2 ) the coupling element ( 4 . 5 . 17.2 . 18.2 . 14 . 15 ) actuating with a residual moment. Electromagnetically actuated coupling according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the armature ( 2 ) with an input / output wheel ( 6 ) is non-rotatably connected. Electromagnetically actuated clutch according to claim 9, characterized in that the anchor ( 2 ) in the input / output wheel ( 6 ) is injected. Electromagnetically actuated coupling according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the armature ( 2 ) and the input / output wheel ( 6 ) have interlocking gears. Electromagnetically actuated clutch according to claim 9, characterized in that the input / output gear ( 6 ) and the outer disk carrier ( 17 ) are made in one piece. Use of an electromagnetically actuated Coupling according to one of the preceding claims in the power train Tailgate drive for a motor vehicle.