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DE1028679B - Probe for the electrodeless measurement of the electrical conductivity of liquids - Google Patents

Probe for the electrodeless measurement of the electrical conductivity of liquids

Info

Publication number
DE1028679B
DE1028679B DEH29970A DEH0029970A DE1028679B DE 1028679 B DE1028679 B DE 1028679B DE H29970 A DEH29970 A DE H29970A DE H0029970 A DEH0029970 A DE H0029970A DE 1028679 B DE1028679 B DE 1028679B
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
probe
liquids
electrical conductivity
measurement
conductivity
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
DEH29970A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Dr Rer Nat Hans Hinkelmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
HANS HINKELMANN DR RER NAT
Original Assignee
HANS HINKELMANN DR RER NAT
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by HANS HINKELMANN DR RER NAT filed Critical HANS HINKELMANN DR RER NAT
Priority to DEH29970A priority Critical patent/DE1028679B/en
Publication of DE1028679B publication Critical patent/DE1028679B/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/02Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
    • G01N27/023Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance where the material is placed in the field of a coil
    • G01N27/025Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance where the material is placed in the field of a coil a current being generated within the material by induction

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Resistance Or Impedance (AREA)

Description

Sonde zur elektrodenlosen Messung der elektrischen Leitfähigkeit von Flüssigkeiten Die Erfindung bezieht stich auf eine Sonde zur elektrodenlosen Messung der elektrischen Leitfähigkeit von Flüssigkeiten nach einer Nullmethodle, bestehend aus zwei streuarmen, in die zu untersuchende Flüssigkeit getauchten Ringkernspulen, die derart nebeneinander angebracht sind, daß ihre magnetischen Kraftflüsse mit dem in der Flüssigkeit induzierten Strom verkettet sind. und von denen eine an eine Wechselspannungsquelle angeschlossen ist.Probe for the electrodeless measurement of the electrical conductivity of Liquids The invention relates to a probe for electrodeless measurement the electrical conductivity of liquids according to a null method, consisting of from two scattered toroidal core coils immersed in the liquid to be examined, which are attached side by side in such a way that their magnetic fluxes with are chained to the current induced in the liquid. and one of them to one AC voltage source is connected.

Es ist bereits ein Verfahren zur elektrodenlosen Messung der elektrischen Leitfähigkeit von Flüssigkeiten bekanntgeworden, das darin besteht, daß zwei Ringkernspulen, von denen eine an eine Wechselspannungsquelle, die andere an einen Spannungsmesser angeschlossen ist, so nebeneinander in die zu untersuchende Flüssigkeit gebracht werden, daß ihre magnetischen Kraftflüsse mit dem in der Flüssigkeit induzierten Strom verkettet sind. Dfe an der zweiten Spule gemessene Spannung bildet ein Maß für die zu messende Leitfähigkeit. It is already a method for electrodeless measurement of the electrical Conductivity of liquids has become known, which consists in the fact that two toroidal coils, one to an AC voltage source, the other to a voltmeter is connected, so placed side by side in the liquid to be examined that their magnetic fluxes are similar to that induced in the liquid Stream are chained. The voltage measured on the second coil forms a measure for the conductivity to be measured.

Eine bekannte Nulimethode zur Messung der Leitfähigkeit besteht darin, daß an die Spannungsquelle zusätzlich ein veränderlicher Spannungsteiler angeschlossen wird. durch dessen Ausgangsspannung die Ausgangsspannung der Sonde kompensiert wird. A well-known zero method for measuring conductivity is to that a variable voltage divider is also connected to the voltage source will. the output voltage of which compensates for the output voltage of the probe.

Ein wesentlicher Nachteil der beschriebenen Anordnung besteht darin, daß die Ausgangsspannung der Sonde nicht allein von der zu messenden Leitfähigkeit, sondern auch von der Amplitude und Frequenz der Generatorspannung und von der Permeabilität des verwendeten Kernmaterials abhängt. Sorgt man dafür, daß die Generatorspannung genügend konstant ist, so bleibt doch die Abhängigkeit von der Permeabilität der Kerne. Bei den zu verwendenden hochpermeablen Stoffen hängt diese stark von der Temperatur und dem Druck ab. Eine zunächst möglich scheinende Stabilisierung durch Einfügen eines Luftspalts ist mit der Methode unverträglich. da der Luftspalt eine zu große magnetische Streuung bewirken würde. Bei der beschriebenen Nullinethode wird durch Kompensation die Spannungsteilung der Sonde gemessen, es handelt sich also um eine Nullmethodle in bezug auf diese Spannungsteilung, nicht dagegen auf die Leitfähigkeit. In die Messung der Leitfähigkeit gehen auch bei dieser Methode die Schwankungen der Permeabilität als Fehler voll ein. Hohe Anforderungen an die Genauigkeit, wie sie z. B. in der Ozeanographie gestellt werden, können hierdurch nicht erfüllt werden. A major disadvantage of the described arrangement is that that the output voltage of the probe does not depend solely on the conductivity to be measured, but also on the amplitude and frequency of the generator voltage and on the permeability depends on the core material used. One ensures that the generator voltage is sufficiently constant, the dependence on the permeability of the Cores. In the case of the highly permeable substances to be used, this depends heavily on the Temperature and pressure. A stabilization that seems possible at first Inserting an air gap is incompatible with the method. because the air gap is a would cause excessive magnetic scattering. With the described nullin method if the voltage division of the probe is measured by compensation, it is thus a null method with regard to this division of tension, not against it the conductivity. This method is also used to measure conductivity fully accept the fluctuations in permeability as an error. High demands on the Accuracy such as B. in oceanography, can thereby not be met.

Die Erfindung geht deshalb von dem Gedanken aus, eine Anordnung zu entwickeln, die diesen Genauigkeitsforderungen dadurch genügt, daß der Leitwert der Flüssigkeitsschleife unmittelbar mit einem zweiten Leitwert verglichen wird. Dies wird erfindungs- gemäß dadurch erreicht, daß jede der Spulen eine zusätzliche Wicklung trägt, die zum Zwecke des Nullabgleiches über einen veränderbaren ohmschen Widerstand miteinander verbunden sind. Die Verbindung der beiden Zusatzwicklungen erfolgt dabei so, daß der Strom in der Flüssigkeit und der Strom in der Zusatzwicklung den zweiten Kern in entgegengesetztem Sinne umßießen, so daß im Abgleichfall in der zweiten Spule keine Spannung induziert wird. Dieses ist eine echte Nullmethode zur Messung des Leitwerts. The invention is therefore based on the idea of an arrangement develop that satisfies these accuracy requirements in that the conductance the liquid loop is compared directly with a second conductance value. This is inventive according to achieved in that each of the coils has an additional Winding carries, for the purpose of the zero adjustment via a changeable ohmic Resistance are interconnected. The connection of the two additional windings takes place in such a way that the current in the liquid and the current in the additional winding encircle the second core in the opposite sense, so that in the adjustment case in no voltage is induced in the second coil. This is a true zero method for measuring the conductance.

Schwankungen der Amplitude und der Frequenz der Generatorspannung sowie der Permeabilität der Kerne gehen in die Messung nicht ein.Fluctuations in the amplitude and frequency of the generator voltage as well as the permeability of the cores are not included in the measurement.

Der reelle Leitwert der Flüssigkeitssclhleife kann auch mit einem komplexen Leitwert verglichen werden. The real conductance of the fluid loop can also be with a complex conductance can be compared.

Dazu werden in Weiterbildung des Er1îndungsgedankens die Zusatzwicklungen über ein Schaltelement mit komplexem Leitwert miteinander verbunden, so daß zwischen der Eingangs- und Ausgangsspannung der Sonde eine Phasendifferenz besteht. Diese Phasendifferenz hängt ausschließlich von dem Verhältnis der beiden Leitwerte ab, nicht von der Permeabilität der Kerne und der Amplitude der Generatorspannung. Da der komplexe Vergleidisleitwert frequenzabhängig ist. hat man zwei Möglichkeiten zur Bestimmung der'gesuchten Leitfähigkeit; entweder man mißt die Phasendifferenz bei bekannter Frequenz, oder man mißt die Frequenz, die eine vorgegebene Phasendifferenz ergibt. Schließlich kann man diese Anordnung unmittelbar als frequenzbestimmenden Phasenschieber in einer Oszill atorschaltung verwenden.For this purpose, the additional windings are used in further development of the inventive concept connected to one another via a switching element with a complex conductance, so that between There is a phase difference between the input and output voltages of the probe. These The phase difference depends exclusively on the ratio of the two conductance values, not on the permeability of the cores and the amplitude of the generator voltage. There the complex comparison value is frequency-dependent. you have two options to determine the conductivity sought; either one measures the phase difference if the frequency is known, or the frequency is measured, which has a given phase difference results. Finally, you can get this arrangement straight away as frequency-determining Use phase shifter in an oscillator circuit.

PATENTANSPPE LCTII 1. Sonde zur elektrodeniosen Messung der elektrischen Leitfähigkeit von Flüssigkeiten nach einer Nullmethode, bestehend aus zwei streuarmen, in die zu untersuchende Flüssigkeit getauchten Ringkernspulen, die derart nebeneinander angebracht sind, daß ihre magnetischen Kraftilüsse mit dem in der Flüssigkeit induzierten Strom verkettet sind, und von denen eine an eine Wechselspannungsquelle angeschlossen ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jede der Spulen eine zusätzliche Wicklung trägt, die zum Zwecke des Nullabgleichs über einen veränderbaren ohmschen Widerstand miteinander verbunden sind. PATENT APPROACH LCTII 1. Probe for electrodeless measurement of electrical Conductivity of liquids according to a zero method, consisting of two scatter, toroidal core coils immersed in the liquid to be examined, which are next to each other in this way are attached that their magnetic fluxes with that induced in the liquid Current are concatenated, and one of which is connected to an AC voltage source is characterized in that each of the coils carries an additional winding, those for the purpose of zeroing with one another via a variable ohmic resistance are connected.

Claims (1)

2. Sonde nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekenn zeichnet, daß die zusätzlichen Wicklungen zur Erzeugung einer von der Leitfähigkeit der Flüssigkeit abhängigen Phasenverschiebung über einen komplexen Widerstand miteinander verbunden sind 3. Sonde nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie als frequenzbestimmendes Element in einer Oszillatorschaltung Verwendung findet. 2. Probe according to claim 1, characterized in that the additional Windings to generate one dependent on the conductivity of the liquid Phase shifts are connected to each other via a complex resistor 3. Probe according to Claim 2, characterized in that it is used as a frequency-determining Element is used in an oscillator circuit. In Betracht gezogene Druckschriften: USA.-Patentschrift Nr. 2 542 057. References considered: U.S. Patent No. 2,542 057.
DEH29970A 1957-04-18 1957-04-18 Probe for the electrodeless measurement of the electrical conductivity of liquids Pending DE1028679B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEH29970A DE1028679B (en) 1957-04-18 1957-04-18 Probe for the electrodeless measurement of the electrical conductivity of liquids

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEH29970A DE1028679B (en) 1957-04-18 1957-04-18 Probe for the electrodeless measurement of the electrical conductivity of liquids

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE1028679B true DE1028679B (en) 1958-04-24

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2646017A1 (en) * 1975-10-13 1977-04-21 Sandoz Ag PROBE FOR MEASURING THE CONDUCTIVITY OF A SOLUTION
DE102009026403A1 (en) 2009-05-20 2010-11-25 Endress + Hauser Conducta Gesellschaft für Mess- und Regeltechnik mbH + Co. KG Inductive conductivity measuring cell and method for operating the same

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2542057A (en) * 1948-05-06 1951-02-20 Matthew J Relis Method and apparatus for measuring the conductivity of an electrolyte

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2542057A (en) * 1948-05-06 1951-02-20 Matthew J Relis Method and apparatus for measuring the conductivity of an electrolyte

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2646017A1 (en) * 1975-10-13 1977-04-21 Sandoz Ag PROBE FOR MEASURING THE CONDUCTIVITY OF A SOLUTION
DE102009026403A1 (en) 2009-05-20 2010-11-25 Endress + Hauser Conducta Gesellschaft für Mess- und Regeltechnik mbH + Co. KG Inductive conductivity measuring cell and method for operating the same

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