DE10254675B4 - Displacer and extractor for oxygen gas from preserving container - Google Patents
Displacer and extractor for oxygen gas from preserving container Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DE10254675B4 DE10254675B4 DE10254675A DE10254675A DE10254675B4 DE 10254675 B4 DE10254675 B4 DE 10254675B4 DE 10254675 A DE10254675 A DE 10254675A DE 10254675 A DE10254675 A DE 10254675A DE 10254675 B4 DE10254675 B4 DE 10254675B4
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- oxygen
- cell
- gas
- container
- displacer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000036284 oxygen consumption Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N Deuterium Chemical compound [2H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052805 deuterium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000909 electrodialysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003014 ion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D81/00—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents
- B65D81/18—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents providing specific environment for contents, e.g. temperature above or below ambient
- B65D81/20—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents providing specific environment for contents, e.g. temperature above or below ambient under vacuum or superatmospheric pressure, or in a special atmosphere, e.g. of inert gas
- B65D81/2069—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents providing specific environment for contents, e.g. temperature above or below ambient under vacuum or superatmospheric pressure, or in a special atmosphere, e.g. of inert gas in a special atmosphere
- B65D81/2076—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents providing specific environment for contents, e.g. temperature above or below ambient under vacuum or superatmospheric pressure, or in a special atmosphere, e.g. of inert gas in a special atmosphere in an at least partially rigid container
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVATION OF FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES
- A23B2/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general
- A23B2/70—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general by treatment with chemicals
- A23B2/704—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general by treatment with chemicals in the form of gases, e.g. fumigation; Compositions or apparatus therefor
- A23B2/708—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general by treatment with chemicals in the form of gases, e.g. fumigation; Compositions or apparatus therefor in a controlled atmosphere, e.g. partial vacuum, comprising only CO2, N2, O2 or H2O
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04104—Regulation of differential pressures
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
- Food Preservation Except Freezing, Refrigeration, And Drying (AREA)
Abstract
Elektrochemischer Displacer und Extraktor zur Entfernung von Sauerstoffgas aus einem Behälter, mittels reversibel arbeitender Gaszelle,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Zelle je eine Sauerstoffanode und je eine Sauerstoffkathode enthält, die beide für das im Zellelektrolyten existierende Sauerstoff-Ion durchtrittsfähig sind,
dass der Gasraum der bei Stromfluss sauerstoffentwickelnden Anode mit der Außenluft direkt oder mittels eines Überdruckventils verbunden ist,
dass der Gasraum der sauerstoffverzehrenden Kathode mit dem Innenraum des Behälters direkt oder mittels eines Unterdruckventils verbunden ist und
dass eine regelbare Gleichstromquelle mit der Sauerstoffanode und der Sauerstoffkathode ständig derartig kontaktierbar ist, dass die Sauerstoffkathode im Spannungsfenster zwischen dem Potential der Sauerstoffreduktion und dem der Reduktion des unedelsten der in der Elektrode enthaltenen Konstruktionsmetalle gehalten wird und/oder die Gesamtspannung der Zelle geringer als die Zersetzungsspannung des wässrigen Elektrolyten ist.Electrochemical displacer and extractor for removing oxygen gas from a container, by means of a reversible gas cell,
characterized in that the cell contains one oxygen anode and one oxygen cathode each, both of which are permeable to the oxygen ion existing in the cell electrolyte,
that the gas space of the anode which develops oxygen during the flow of current is connected to the outside air directly or by means of a pressure relief valve,
that the gas space of the oxygen-consuming cathode is connected to the interior of the container directly or by means of a vacuum valve, and
in that a controllable direct current source with the oxygen anode and the oxygen cathode is constantly contactable in such a way that the oxygen cathode is held in the voltage window between the potential of oxygen reduction and the reduction of the most noble of the construction metals contained in the electrode and / or the total voltage of the cell is lower than the decomposition voltage of the aqueous electrolyte.
Description
Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung ist ein sog. Displacer, d. h. Verdrängungskörper, und Extraktor für Sauerstoffgas aus einem Konservierbehälter zum Verwahren sauerstoffempfindlicher Schutzobjekte. Darunter verstehen wir hier insbesondere Lebensmittel, das heißt, Stoffe aus dem Bereich der Pflanzen- und Tierwelt, die mit dem Sauerstoff der Luft reagieren und dadurch verderben. Das gilt aber auch für viele Substanzen aus der anorganischen Welt, die durch Oxidation verändert werden, z. B. luftempfindliche Lösungen aus dem Bereich der Photographie, Farben und chemischer Proben. Im allgemeinen schließt man durch Unterbringung in einem gasdichten Gefäß die schädliche Oxidation durch den Luftsauerstoff aus. Doch jedes Öffnen des Gefäßes setzt den Verderbprozess wieder in Gang.object The present invention is a so-called. Displacer, d. H. Displacement body, and Extractor for Oxygen gas from a preservative container for storage sensitive to oxygen Protection objects. By this we mean, in particular, foods, this means, Substances from the field of plant and animal life, with the oxygen react to the air and spoil it. That also applies to many Substances from the inorganic world that are altered by oxidation, z. B. air-sensitive solutions from the field of photography, colors and chemical samples. In general, closes By placing in a gas-tight container the harmful oxidation by the Atmospheric oxygen out. But every opening of the vessel the spoiling process back on track.
Die Lebensmitteltechnologie kennt eine Reihe von Konservierungsverfahren, von denen für diese neue Technologie das ”Einkochen” oder ”Einwecken” relevant sind. Dazu werden die zu schützenden Lebensmittel in einer Metalldose verschlossen oder in ein verschließbares Weckglas gefüllt und in einem Wasserbad soweit erhitzt, dass die Luft aus dem Gefäß durch den Wasserdampf verdrängt wird. Nach dem Abkühlen entsteht ein Unterdruck, der das Glasgefäß mit Gummiring und Deckel luftdicht verschließt und den Inhalt dadurch schützt. Diese Prozedur ist jedoch relativ umständlich. Es gibt eine bekannte Praxis der Hausfrau, ein geöffnetes Weckglas wieder zu verschließen. Dazu wird ein Stück Würfelzucker mit brennbarem Alkohol getränkt, auf das Konservierungsgut gelegt und angezündet. Danach wird das Gefäß mit dem Deckel verschlossen. Nach kurzer Zeit verlöscht die Flamme. Dann ist der Sauerstoff verbraucht und gleichzeitig ein Unterdruck erzeugt worden.The Food technology knows a number of conservation methods, of which for This new technology makes "cooking" or "awakening" relevant are. These are the food to be protected sealed in a metal box or in a lockable mason jar filled and heated in a water bath until the air from the vessel through displaced the water vapor becomes. After cooling creates a negative pressure, the glass vessel with rubber ring and lid airtight closes and thereby protecting the content. However, this procedure is relatively cumbersome. There is a known one Practice of the housewife, an open one Close the mason jar again. This will be a piece lump sugar soaked in flammable alcohol, placed on the preservative and lit. Thereafter, the vessel with the Cover closed. After a short while, the flame goes out. Then that is Oxygen consumed while creating a negative pressure.
Dieser
Prozedur kommt die
Die schädliche Umwandlung der kurzgeschlossenen Zelle von einer Sauerstoffverzehrzelle zu einer Wasserstoffentwicklungszelle, die nach Verbrauch allen Sauerstoffs auftritt, kann man vermeiden, wenn man in den Belastungskreis eine einfache Siliziumdiode mit einschaltet. Diese Diode erlaubt den Stromfluss nur, solange Sauerstoff vorhanden ist. Ist der Sauerstoff verbraucht, so fällt der Strom auf Werte unter 1 mu A ab. Es entsteht kein Wasserstoff mehr. Die Diode hat also die Wirkung eines Schalters, wobei nun neben dem Konservierungsgut auch die Zelle selbst konserviert (vor Korrosion geschützt) wird. Man versteht hieraus leicht, dass diese Konservierungsmethode der vorher beschriebenen überlegen ist: Der Konservierungsvorgang selbst bleibt dauerhaft wirksam, indem durch Undichtigkeiten in das Konservierungsgefäß eindringender Sauerstoff der Luft ständig verbraucht wird.The harmful Conversion of the shorted cell from an oxygen-consuming cell to a hydrogen evolution cell, after consumption of all oxygen occurs, one can avoid, if one in the loading circle a simple silicon diode turns on. This diode allows the Current flow only as long as oxygen is present. Is the oxygen consumed, so falls the current decreases to values below 1 μA. There is no hydrogen more. So the diode has the effect of a switch, and now in addition to the preservative also the cell itself preserved (vor Protected against corrosion) becomes. It is easy to understand that this method of preservation the previously described superior is: the preservation process itself remains permanently effective, by penetrating through leaks in the preservative vessel Oxygen of the air constantly is consumed.
Um die Mehrfachverwendbarkeit der Konservierung zu ermöglichen, wurde empfohlen, die Zink-/Luftzelle einschließlich aller elektrischen Schaltelemente in einem abtrennbaren, gasdicht verschließbaren Metall- oder Kunststoffgehäuse unterzubringen. Hat man den Konservierungsvorgang beendet, so kann man diesen Teil abtrennen und mit einer neuen Zelle bestücken.Around to facilitate the reusability of preservation was recommended the zinc / air cell including all electrical switching elements in a separable, gas-tight sealable metal or plastic housing accommodate. Once you have finished the preservation process, you can do this part disconnect and equip with a new cell.
Es bleibt jedoch der Nachteil bestehen, dass die Zinkmasse der Zelle sich verbraucht. Ein Behälter, aus dem man immer wieder einen Teil des Konservierungsgutes entnehmen möchte, erfordert bei jeden Verschließen wieder eine neue, sogar noch wachsenden Zinkmenge in der Zink-/Sauerstoffzelle. Diesen Nachteil soll die vorliegende Erfindung beseitigen.It However, the disadvantage remains that the zinc mass of the cell consumed. A container, from which you always remove a part of the preservative would like to, requires at every closure again a new, even growing amount of zinc in the zinc / oxygen cell. this Disadvantage is to eliminate the present invention.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch den Gegenstand mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.These The object is achieved by the subject matter with the features of the claim 1 solved.
Sinnvolle
Weiterbildungen beschreiben die Unteransprüche 2 bis 7. Die Erfindung
wird an Hand von
In
Beim
Anlegen der Gleichspannung zwischen
In
der
Dieses
Kreislaufsystem kann man durch Ankopplung einer Kraftmaschine zur
mechanischen Arbeitsleistung ausbauen, in der die Druckdifferenz
im Sauerstoffgas zu beiden Seiten der Zelle ausgenutzt wird. Die
Kraftmaschine kann eine Turbine oder Kolbenpumpe sein. Schematisch
wird dies in
Claims (7)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10254675A DE10254675B4 (en) | 2002-03-13 | 2002-11-22 | Displacer and extractor for oxygen gas from preserving container |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10210489.1 | 2002-03-13 | ||
| DE10210489 | 2002-03-13 | ||
| DE10254675A DE10254675B4 (en) | 2002-03-13 | 2002-11-22 | Displacer and extractor for oxygen gas from preserving container |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE10254675A1 DE10254675A1 (en) | 2003-10-02 |
| DE10254675B4 true DE10254675B4 (en) | 2010-12-02 |
Family
ID=27797644
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10254675A Expired - Fee Related DE10254675B4 (en) | 2002-03-13 | 2002-11-22 | Displacer and extractor for oxygen gas from preserving container |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE10254675B4 (en) |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3201282A (en) * | 1958-07-19 | 1965-08-17 | Varta Ag | Catalyst electrode |
| DE10018740A1 (en) * | 2000-04-15 | 2001-10-18 | August Winsel | Hermetically closable preserving container for one or more oxygen sensitive objects e.g. chemical samples, additionally accommodates a short circuited zinc/air cell connected in series with a load resistance and a semiconductor diode |
-
2002
- 2002-11-22 DE DE10254675A patent/DE10254675B4/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3201282A (en) * | 1958-07-19 | 1965-08-17 | Varta Ag | Catalyst electrode |
| DE10018740A1 (en) * | 2000-04-15 | 2001-10-18 | August Winsel | Hermetically closable preserving container for one or more oxygen sensitive objects e.g. chemical samples, additionally accommodates a short circuited zinc/air cell connected in series with a load resistance and a semiconductor diode |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE10254675A1 (en) | 2003-10-02 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| DE2160058C3 (en) | Method for generating electricity in a galvanic cell and cell for carrying out the method | |
| DE1596132A1 (en) | Gas depolarizing electrical energy source | |
| DE69802555T2 (en) | USE OF THE CELL VOLTAGE AS AN AUTO REFERENCE FOR CONTROLLING A VENTILATION MANAGER | |
| DE19945323A1 (en) | Fuel cell system has gas compressor connected to air feed line from compressor to fuel cell, recovery unit in waste gas line, liquid-gas separator unit, water feed line and pressure feed device | |
| DE10393322T5 (en) | A system for determining a gas composition in a disconnected fuel cell power plant and method of operation | |
| DE1271795B (en) | Device for keeping the output voltage of electrical salt water batteries constant, in particular sea water batteries | |
| DE2745033A1 (en) | ELECTROCHEMICAL SYSTEMS BASED ON LIQUID CHLORINE WITHOUT A GAS PHASE | |
| DE1241812B (en) | Valve electrode | |
| DE2443015C3 (en) | Battery with metal gas elements | |
| AT507763B1 (en) | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR TRANSFERRING CONSUMPTION AND PARTICULARLY EXPLOSIVE OPERATING MEDIA OF A FUEL CELL | |
| DE10254675B4 (en) | Displacer and extractor for oxygen gas from preserving container | |
| DE893788C (en) | Electrode arrangement for electrolysis cells | |
| DE1671884B2 (en) | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR REGULATING THE ELECTROLYTE FLOW RATE THROUGH A SEA WATER BATTERY | |
| DE2447459C3 (en) | ||
| DE2114920A1 (en) | Process for removing carbon dioxide from gas mixtures | |
| DE2054491A1 (en) | ||
| DE102014103554B4 (en) | Process and apparatus for recovering nitrogen from air | |
| DE10018740C2 (en) | Device for storing oxygen-sensitive objects and their use | |
| DE1496256C3 (en) | Process for the production of a gas- and liquid-tight sealed accumulator with alkaline electrolyte | |
| JPS5545386A (en) | Method and apparatus for preservation of food | |
| DE1496300C3 (en) | Fuel element with a gas circulation system | |
| DE2329629A1 (en) | PROCESS AND EQUIPMENT FOR THE DISINICIATION OF LIQUIDS BY ANODIC OXYDATION WITH ION ENRICHMENT IN THE CATHODE COMPARTMENT | |
| DE102007054753A1 (en) | Method and device for the economic and ecological control of pests in and on fruit and timber trees | |
| DE1029437B (en) | Arbitrarily polarized, permanently tightly closed electrolytic opposing cell | |
| DE2440622A1 (en) | ELECTRIC ZINC / HALOGEN CELL |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 8110 | Request for examination paragraph 44 | ||
| 8364 | No opposition during term of opposition | ||
| R020 | Patent grant now final |
Effective date: 20110302 |
|
| R119 | Application deemed withdrawn, or ip right lapsed, due to non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20130601 |