DE10233735B4 - Method and device for monitoring graffiti-endangered vehicles and / or installations - Google Patents

Abstract

Method for monitoring graffiti-endangered vehicles and / or installations, wherein
- Gas sensors for the measurement of reducing gases are concealed on a vulnerable wall surface and
- Pass the gas sensors when exceeding a threshold value of the gas concentration, an electrical output signal via an electronic circuit to an automatic telephone dialer and
- from there a preprogrammed message is sent as a "silent alarm" via a fixed network or mobile network to a registration office for the initiation of measures to intercept the polluter,
characterized in that
- To protect against the closure of the air inlet openings of the gas sensors on the vulnerable vehicles and / or equipment distance measuring sensors are installed for distance measurement.

Description

The The invention relates to a method and device for monitoring of graffiti-endangered vehicles and / or systems, where necessary, a "silent alarm" to a predetermined Notification Office triggered becomes.

Worldwide be wall surfaces of buildings and public Transportation by sprayed Graffiti dirty. In addition to the impairment of image and feeling of security arise for the Eliminate this damage and guarding the parking facilities high costs. Alone for the S-Bahn Stuttgart the damage is going to far over EUR 300,000.00 per year - with rising trend - estimated.

It is known to the respective wall surfaces to protect against graffiti with protective films ( DE 295 18 344 U1 In addition, washable protective coatings are known in a variety of forms, which are intended to facilitate the cleaning of the sprayed surfaces.

Out US 2002/0008619 A1 is a graffiti protection system and method to use the same known from this document, the invention proceeds. The protection system is based on a sound-based detection of the spraying process by a related Sensor on, after which an alarm is triggered. As secondary sensors be u. a. Odor sensors listed together with or be used instead of sound sensors. Odor sensors work according to the principle of the olfactometer, whereby the evaluation of the measured Pattern of different gases by type and concentration by a associated Software compared with the deposited patterns of known substances and possibly identified. The necessary software is elaborate and expensive, so the process is also not very effective. Specific LPG Compounds from spray cans not be recognized or not sure. Existing environmental noise lead to this Procedure by the way very often to interference and False alarms because the system does not sufficiently separate them from spray noise can. The odor sensors are installed concealed. The over sensors initiated alarm conditions will be sent by telephone to a hotline.

While the Protective films and protective coatings a relatively high workload for applying to the corresponding surfaces and for cleaning the same include, indicates the sound-based detection of the spraying process by means of suitable sensors the problem of lack of applicability and reliability on. Especially in areas where a relatively high general or special noise level prevails, the typical spray noise almost go down, so that not with a reliable release if necessary, is to be expected.

From the DE 199 12 911 C2 It is known to provide its own light receiver for the reception of a radiation reflected at the opening to protect against closing the air inlet openings of a smoke detector.

Of the Invention is based on the object, a simple and effective To develop protection against graffiti, whereby propellant-specific low-odor Connections from spray cans without costly software fast and can be reliably detected.

This is characterized according to the invention achieved that to Protection against closure the air inlet openings the gas sensors at the endangered Vehicles and / or systems Distance measuring sensors for distance measurement to be built in.

By the installation of gas sensor-based graffiti alarm systems is a comprehensive monitoring endangered Vehicles and plants possible. The Covertly installed gas sensors "smell" the propellants used in spray cans and give even at the lowest concentration of these gases in the Air an electrical signal to an alarm system equipped with an automatic telephone dialer further. From the alarm system is a pre-programmed text or SMS message in the form of a "silent Alarms "to one The registration office. From there, the operational command of Federal Border Guard or police contacted become. As between registration of the spraying and information of the security forces only A few seconds pass, a seizure of the perpetrators "in red handed" is possible.

by virtue of The different fields of application "stationary" (real estate) and "mobile" (vehicles) are two different Alarm systems variants.

To the Protection of the gas sensor against sabotage (closing the air intake openings) are installed distance measuring sensors. This sensor allows distance measurements to objects up to 80 cm distance. In conjunction with the gas sensor can the distance measuring sensor are installed and adjusted so that when closing the Air inlet openings also an alarm message (analog gas message) automatically submitted becomes.

The sensors (gas and distance measuring Sen Sor) and the associated circuits should preferably be housed in a housing. The top is preferably covered with a ventilation grille. The sensors are installed behind the wall or the outer lining of the surface to be monitored. For the outside air to get to the sensors, an opening in the wall or the outer lining is required. A 1 mm hole is sufficient, but in conjunction with a distance sensor for sabotage protection, an opening of approx. 6 × 6 cm should be installed. Since the propellant gases are heavier than air, the installation below the surface to be monitored is useful and necessary.

The Location of the vehicles is usually determined by the site based on the vehicle number given in the alarm message.

Where this is not possible For example, the location of the vehicles may be in Germany also over the Internet program "mobile finder" can be determined. For one successful localization must be the SIM card in a suitable Mobile network be logged. In case of alarm can over the Phone number of the SIM card the location can be located there with Help this program the mobile station can be determined where the SIM card is currently logged in. For time saving reasons should the location determination prophylactic already after stopping the Fahrzuge be made.

The Position and the number of sensors to be attached is dependent to determine the type and location of use individually. The radius of impact of the gas sensor is outdoors about 1 m. Per vehicle is a power supply and a Telephone dialer (Advanced GSM module) to which any number of sensors are connected can, required.

The Activate released propellants (butane) when using graffiti the gas sensor, already at a concentration of about 50 ppm responds. From the electronic sensor connected to the gas sensor Circuit will be an electrical output signal to the automatic Telephone dialer forwarded. The telephone dialer sends a preprogrammed message (voice or SMS) to you or more than one recipient further.

at The mobile version of the alarm system offers an advanced GSM module the possibility, an alarm message as an SMS message to a mobile or landline continue to lead. The device is thus completely independently from wired telephone networks. In the event case, the module responds depending on the programming and sends (as a telephone number cascade or Parallel call) to multiple recipients an SMS message. about The tri-band technique is possible operation in all networks of Europe. In addition will an unlocked SIM card, as used in the mobile phone, needed. For convenient programming there is a serial interface for the PC connection available.

For a stationary variant A fully automatic telephone dialer is used, with which the possibility If necessary, several telephone numbers can be dialed via the telephone landline.

• 1. eine sichere und effektive Erkennung von Graffiti-Verunreinigung auf Flächen von Fahrzeugen und/oder Anlagen wirkungsvoll bereits im oder vor dem Entstehungszeitpunkt durch eine Messung treibgasspezifischer geruchsarmer Verbindungen aus Spraydosen ohne aufwendige Software durchzuführen,
• 2. einen wirksamen Schutz vor einem Verschließen der Gassensoren zu realisieren,
• 3. über ein stilles Alarmsystem ortsbezogen für die Meldestelle eine genaue Zuordnung der Graffiti-Attacke zum Standort der Fahrzeuge und/oder der Anlage zu ermöglichen,
• 4. über eine technische Vorrichtung Fahrzeuge und/oder Anlagen ohne den Einsatz von Personal bezüglich Graffiti-Verschmutzung überwachen zu können,
• 5. eine abschreckende Wirkung auf Graffiti-Sprayer erzielen zu können.

With this alarm system it is possible for the first time:

• 1. perform a safe and effective detection of graffiti contamination on surfaces of vehicles and / or plants effectively already in or before the date of origin by measuring propellant-specific low-odor compounds from spray cans without complex software,
• 2. to realize effective protection against closing the gas sensors,
• 3. to allow a precise assignment of the graffiti attack to the location of the vehicles and / or the installation, based on location, for the registration office via a silent alarm system,
• 4. be able to monitor vehicles and / or installations without the use of personnel regarding graffiti pollution via a technical device,
• 5. to achieve a deterrent effect on graffiti sprayers.

embodiment

Based an embodiment below, the invention will be more closely understood explained become.

there shows:

1 the technical connection of the individual component in a vehicle,

2 a trigger with upstream driver for evaluation of the change in resistance of the gas sensor.

The interconnection of the individual components of the alarm system is explained using the example of a common S-Bahn (ET 423) ( 1 ).

This will be the transformer / rectifier 2 with the 220 V electrical system 1 connected and the voltage down to 12 V down and rectified.

At the transformer / rectifier 2 in parallel, the gas sensor 3 with circuit ( 2 ) and the distance measuring sensor 4 with circuit as well as the advanced GSM module 5 coupled.

Thereby is achieved that both on the occurrence of spray gases, as well as the clogging of the air inlet openings an alarm message is issued automatically.

The gas sensor is preferably based on semiconducting tin dioxide (SnO ₂ ), which under certain conditions reacts to gas particles. By heating this material in the absence of oxygen, free electrons can move freely through the grain boundaries of the semiconductor. The oxygen in the air, which absorbs the free electrons is absorbed by the surface of the tin dioxide particles, so that form potential differences at the grain boundaries in this way. This potential difference counteracts the unimpeded flow of free electrons so that the electrical resistance of the material increases. By exposing this sensor to an atmosphere containing reducing (ie flammable) gases, the tin dioxide absorbs the gas molecules, resulting in oxidation. This reduces the original potential difference so that the electrons can move freely again. As a result, the electrical resistance decreases. The sensor already responds to concentrations of approx. 50 ppm of the gases ethane (ol), hydrogen, carbon monoxide, butane and methane (ol). The sensitivity of 50 ppm (parts per million) means that the sensor is already responsive when 50 milligrams of the corresponding gases are contained in 1 kg of air. Since butane is contained in blowing agents of paint spray cans (mixture of propane, butane and dimethyl ester), the sensor reacts accordingly even in the presence of paint spray gases in the air.

The change of the resistance of the gas sensor ( 6 ) is controlled by an electronic circuit ( 2 ) be evaluated. The sensor resistance forms with the resistors ( 7 ; 8th ) and the potentiometer ( 9 ) a variable voltage divider, the bias for the amplifier transistor ( 10 ). With increasing gas concentration, the sensor resistance decreases, so that the transistor ( 10 ) is coming more and more into the executive area. This happens earlier, the greater the resistance of the potentiometer ( 9 ). This provides an adjustment for the sensitivity of the circuit. The two downstream transistors ( 11 ; 12 ) form a so-called "Schmitt trigger", which becomes conductive at a certain input voltage until the input voltage has again become significantly smaller than the value required for "tip over" (differential voltage = "hysteresis").

The generated negative output signal from the amplifier transistor ( 12 ) is used directly to control the telephone dialer, not shown.

1.

board network ET 423

Second

Transformer / rectifier

Third

gas sensor with circuit

4th

Distance-measuring sensor with circuit

5th

advanced GSM module

6th

gas sensor

7th

resistance

8th.

resistance

9th

potentiometer

10th

amplifier transistor

11th

transistor

12th

transistor

Claims (9)

Method for monitoring vehicles and / or installations subject to graffiti, in which - gas sensors for the measurement of reducing gases are concealed on an exposed wall surface and - the gas sensors transmit an electrical output signal to an automatic telephone dialer via an electronic circuit when a gas concentration threshold is exceeded - From there a pre-programmed message as a "silent alarm" via landline or mobile network is sent to a hotline for the initiation of measures to seize the polluter, characterized in that - to protect against closure of the air inlet openings of the gas sensors on the vulnerable vehicles and / or facilities Distance measuring sensors are installed for distance measurement. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that that the Distance measuring sensors coupled with the gas sensors and set so be that when close the air inlet openings also automatically a pre-programmed message via landline or mobile network is generated and sold. Method according to claims 1 to 2, characterized that the Gas and / or distance measuring sensors below each to be monitored area sunk into the wall. Method according to claims 1 to 3, characterized by that in the pre-programmed message the corresponding vehicle and / or Plant number is integrated. A method according to claim 1 to 4, characterized in that at the pre-programming message about mobile radio location of the vehicle and / or the system is localized. Method according to Claims 1 to 5, characterized that the Gas sensor preferably to a reducing amount of gas of at least 50 ppm butane is set. Method according to Claims 1 to 7, characterized that the change the resistance of the gas sensor by an electronic circuit is evaluated. Apparatus for carrying out the method, according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that a Gas sensor over at least one resistor and at least one potentiometer as variable Voltage divider for supplying the bias voltage with an amplifier transistor and subsequently a Schmitt trigger to form an electrical Output signal for an automatic telephone dialer connected is. Device according to claim 8, characterized in that that at Installation in a vehicle the electrical system via the transformer / rectifier Connected to the gas sensor / circuit connected to the distance sensor / circuit is coupled, which is connected to an advanced GSM module.