DE10230313A1 - Switching system for emergency lights for fire escape corridor in cinema or other public building is connected to lights in ceiling for illumination and indication of escape route - Google Patents

Abstract

The fire escape corridor (1) in a cinema or other public building has lights (4,6) in the ceiling for illumination and indication of the escape route toward the exit door (2). There is an indicator light (5) above the door. The corridor may have a window (3) for illumination by ambient daylight. The emergency and illumination lights have separate power supplies (11,14). There is a light sensor (10) near each emergency light.

Description

The invention relates to a Switchgear, the operation of the lamps of an emergency lighting or a guidance system for the Use in backup power systems with central power supply controls. Switching devices can be arranged as a module component separately or in electronic ballasts as Light sources be integrated in emergency lamps used.

Affected by the invention Emergency lights are on operation on a central backup power system, e.g. a central battery system, provided that in the network of the emergency lighting in the intact power supply of the general network with AC voltage and in the event of a fault provides back-up power as a direct current. It is possible that this DC comes from a generator whose current is rectified or from a battery, possibly with a downstream DC-DC converter.

The emergency lights are accordingly constantly supplied with AC or DC power. Further, the by the invention emergency lights affected when the lighting escape routes and areas are used, operated in standby, i.e., in intact power supply of the general network are the lamps used in these lights for emergency operation are provided, not switched on or dimmed only very strongly operated and only in the event of a power failure of the general Lights are turned on these lamps. Accordingly these lamps are switched off when the alternating current is applied to the emergency light on and at DC.

Escape sign lights turn are operated continuously, i.e. they are also with alternating current always on.

The signpost system can have both operating modes.

There are also suggestions at which by a measurement of the brightness of the surroundings with a photosensitive Sensor prevents the lights from being switched on in a bright environment is to save battery power in this case.

To wired in this way also lights in bright surroundings - this for example, is necessary for the function or operation endurance test - switch for testing to be able is needed a special effort that in a special wiring and additional switching measures is to a corresponding electrical switching signal, for example to be able to respond from the center.

Another, recurring one important problem is not solved. This is the so-called modified-maintained operation, a circuit measure the effect intended that, for a local power failure, the to the failure of the general lighting in the area of a lower distribution leads, emergency lighting turned on to illuminate the escape routes and areas without using the backup power supply.

This task can also for guidance systems be valid.

To solve this problem it is common the emergency lights on an electrical switching signal via a control line or also about the power cable is received by the emergency light, turn and feed from the replacement alternating current, the power supply is intact in the simplest case it is connected to the central backup power supply. Such a signal can consist of alternating current from the rectify intact network centrally and thus an emergency power operation to simulate. This in turn requires additional wiring, to detect a regional network failure at the headquarters to enable and also measures corresponding circuit in the central office and / or the sub-distribution.

Another problem is on the same circuit both emergency lights in standby operation, which are only switched on when DC voltage and Emergency maintained operation that constantly are turned on to operate, and also the modified standby circuit to realize.

There is still the problem that in darkened rooms, as long as they are darkened, e.g. B. cinemas that escape sign luminaires even if the power supply is intact and the luminance is reduced Characters should be operated to avoid glare while same luminaires if the blackout is removed with full luminance are to be operated. A solution This problem in turn requires increased wiring.

The object of the invention is therefore a switching device with the lamps of the emergency lighting or a guidance system can be switched and controlled with a central backup power supply can, is suitable for solution the problem of a modified standby circuit and problems with the brightness control of the lamps during mains operation to find where a joint operation of the maintained lamp and Standby mode should be possible on the same circuit without for this Troubleshooting needed switchgear in the headquarters of the backup power supply or in its sub-distributions are required and without additional wiring needed becomes.

To solve the problem of the invention, a brightness sensor is assigned to each emergency lamp in a manner known per se, which detects a switching operation at a specific predetermined brightness threshold triggers the environment and switches the emergency lamp on when the ambient brightness is low and switches off the emergency lamp when the ambient brightness is higher. According to the invention, however, the circuit measures known per se are designed in such a way that the switching process is effective or carried out only when AC voltage is applied, but not when DC voltage is applied. These inventive measures ensure that an escape route is illuminated at any desired time: either by existing daylight or by general lighting. However, precipitates general illumination in the absence of light, so this may be considered as a criterion that a malfunction of the power supply in the corresponding portion of the escape route is present, otherwise the escape route would remain unlit. In this case, the brightness sensor causes the emergency lighting to be switched on and supplied with AC voltage from the general power supply. Only when the power supply is disrupted and at headquarters, the emergency lights are supplied with direct current from the standby power supply.

With the measure of the direct current priority circuit according to the invention is now a switchover test for each individual luminaire even in a bright environment possible, by for the testing is switched to DC voltage of the backup power source.

Also duration tests of the entire system can by the DC-priority circuit carried out become.

After completion of the Umschaltprüfung it is possible according to the invention at enough high brightness of the environment to switch off the lamps concerned. However, it must be a service life test can be performed in a dark environment.

Characterized in that the supply line to each Luminaire now only has to be two-wire plus protective conductor, can with a 5-pole line two more wires for additional purposes, e.g. a single lighting control can be used, but other control functions can also be used are assigned to lines.

The inventive measure has the further advantage that even with a switched general lighting The emergency lighting in an escape route responds when the general lighting is switched off is so that at any time the possible use of Escape route lighting is available.

By an above-mentioned separate feed line to the switching device a voltage in the assigned portion to be illuminated sub-distribution the general power supply, e.g. after a Fuse, in the presence of an intact power supply Can be assumed.

With this information a Circuit logic of the switching device be effected independently modified by the switch position of the general lighting realized maintained mode, yet the emergency lighting or the signposting system if the surroundings are sufficiently bright switches off when there is sufficient daylight, for example.

In factory shutdowns, the entire Emergency lighting system can be switched off centrally as usual.

According to the invention the switching device lamps maintained operation, so that constantly switched on both when AC and DC are present are, together with lamps maintained mode, the only DC are switched on, are operated on the same circuit, applied the inventive circuit action when in standby lights becomes. On the other hand, by the inventive switching device but also the case of power operation in darkened rooms to high luminance of Exit sign be reduced.

The inventive circuit principle is illustrated by the following schematics: Here, the following relationships shown:

1

shows an escape route with a Emergency lighting equipped with the switching device according to the invention is.

an escape route 1 in the form of a corridor with the emergency exit 2 by the signage 5 is marked by the lights 6 general lighting with intact power supply 14 illuminated.

A Wegeleuchte 4 is a spare power supply system 11 and is fed with a light-sensitive sensor 10 connected. As long as the sensor sufficient illumination effect of the general lighting 6 or by the daylight of the window 3 detects the path light remains off.

However, if the emergency lights off, or falls by a disturbance the power supply in the sub-distribution of the general lighting from without the power supply of the reserve source of energy is disrupted, so the path light on the will Switching device according to the invention by means of the light sensor turned on, even though at the Wegeleuchte still alternating current from the main power supply is present.

However, if the power supply of the central backup power source with which the path light is fed is supplied with direct current and independent of the ambient brightness, i.e. also in the presence of daylight switched on.

2

indicates a path light with switchgear and attached light-sensitive sensor

A lamp 7 is a ballast 8th and switching device according to the invention 9 fed from the network of the backup power supply with alternating current in the case of an undisturbed power supply to the central backup power source and with direct current in the event of a fault in the backup power source. The backup power source can be for example a battery. A light-sensitive sensor 10 is connected to the switching device.

• – Bei Wechselstrom wird die Leuchte nur in dunkler Umgebung eingeschaltet (modifizierte Bereitschaftsschaltung)
• – Bei Gleichstrom ist die Leuchte immer eingeschaltet

By known means the following circuit logic is implemented:

• - In alternating current, the light is switched on only in dark places (modified maintained mode)
• - At DC the lamp is always on

3

shows a directional light with the switching device and attached at the luminaire light-sensitive sensor as well as electrical connection to the distribution box. A Wegeleuchte 4 with the inventive switching device is from the network of standby power supply 11 fed. The switching device in the path light 4 is through a wire 12 with the circuit of the general lighting 13 connected.

The lights 16 general lighting will have a backup 15 from the power grid of the sub-distribution general lighting 14 fed. In case of failure of the backup 15 the electrical connection 12 is energized and thus transmits the information that the power supply of the sub-distribution is disturbed.

• – Bei Wechselstrom wird die Leuchte in dunkler Umgebung nur dann eingeschaltet, wen eine Störung in der Unterverteilung vorliegt, die dem von der Wegeleuchte zu beleuchtenden Abschnitt zugeordnet ist (modifizierte Bereitschaftsschaltung).
• – Bei Wechselstrom in heller Umgebung z. B. durch Tageslicht ist die Wegeleuchte ausgeschaltet.
• – Bei Gleichstrom ist die Leuchte immer eingeschaltet

By known means the following circuit logic is implemented:

• - With alternating current, the luminaire is only switched on in a dark environment if there is a fault in the sub-distribution, which is assigned to the section to be illuminated by the path luminaire (modified standby circuit).
• - z If AC in bright surroundings. As by natural light is off the path light.
• - At DC the lamp is always on

4

shows a signage with switching device and attached to the lamp light-sensitive sensor.

A signage 5 is connected to the switching device 9 and the associated sensor 10 and is connected through the network of backup power supply 11 fed.

• – Bei Wechselstrom wird die Leuchte in dunkler Umgebung mit reduzierter Leuchtdichte betrieben, in heller Umgebung mit hoher Leuchtdichte.
• – Bei Gleichstrom ist die Leuchte immer eingeschaltet, eventuell mit von der Umgebungshelligkeit abhängiger Leuchtdichte.

By known means the following circuit logic is implemented:

• - In alternating current, the light in dark places is operated with reduced luminance of ambient light with high luminance.
• - At DC the lamp is always on, possibly dependent on the ambient light with luminance.

5

shows a lamp group with switching device and the associated light-sensitive sensor: A group of lamps 7 , Which ballasts 8th are operated via the switching device 9 with the network of backup power supply 11 connected. The switching device associated with the light-sensitive sensor detects the brightness of the surroundings of the lamp group.

• – Bei Wechselstrom sind alle Lampen der Gruppe nur in dunkler Umgebung eingeschaltet.
• – Bei Gleichstrom sind alle Lampen der Leuchtengruppe eingeschaltet.

By known means the following circuit logic is implemented:

• - For AC all lamps in the group are turned on only in dark places.
• - At DC all the lamps of the lighting group are turned on.

6

shows escape sign luminaires and Path lights with switching device and the associated light-sensitive sensor in a circuit.

To a circuit 15 the replacement of the electricity network 1 is fed both ways lights 4 and escape sign luminaires 5 respectively via the ballasts 8th connected. The walkway lights 4 are switching devices according to the invention 9 with the light-sensitive sensors 10 assigned.

• – Bei Wechselstrom sind alle Wegeleuchten nur in dunkler Umgebung eingeschaltet, die Rettungszeichenleuchten sind immer eingeschaltet.
• – Bei Gleichstrom sind alle Leuchten eingeschaltet.

By known means the following circuit logic is implemented:

• - For AC all roads lights are switched on in a dark environment, the escape sign luminaires are always on.
• - At DC all lights are on.

Claims (18)

Switching device that switches at least one lamp as part of an emergency or a directional control system and controls, which is optionally disposed at least one lamp, together with the need for their operation ballast in circuits of a central standby power supply is fed into the direct and alternating current, characterized in that that the switching and control processes to be effected by the switching device are triggered in the case of alternating current applied to the circuit as a function of the brightness of the surroundings measured by a light-sensitive sensor, and that with direct current applied to the circuit the same at least one lamp is independent of the ambient brightness at least for one predetermined time duration is turned on. switchgear according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one Lamp, a fluorescent lamp is that of an electronic ballast for the operation of the is suitable for direct and alternating current. switchgear according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one Lamp is a light emitting diode that is used by an electronic ballast to operate is suitable for direct and alternating current. switchgear characterized, according to claim 1 wherein the at least one Lamp, a high-pressure discharge lamp is, by an electronic ballast, that for operation on direct and alternating current is suitable. switchgear characterized, according to claim 1 wherein the at least one Light a light bulb is that of an electronic ballast designed to operate at AC and DC is suitable, is operated. switchgear according to claim 1 to 5, characterized in that the switching device in the ballast required to operate the at least one lamp at least is partially integrated. switchgear according to claim 1 to 5 characterized in that the switching device separately arranged by the ballast required to operate the at least one lamp is. switchgear characterized, according to claim 1 wherein the at least one Light a light bulb is that without an upstream electronic ballast, directly is operated on the circuit with AC and DC. switchgear according to claim 1 to 8, characterized in that each lamp Emergency light and a switchgear is assigned to each emergency light. switchgear , According to claim 1 to 8 characterized in that the switching device of a Group of lamps is assigned. switchgear according to claim 1 to 10, characterized in that the switching device at adjacent to the AC circuit, the at least one lamp at a below a predetermined threshold lying, by the light-sensitive sensor measured minimum brightness of the environment turns on and above a predetermined brightness of the surroundings the at least one lamp off. switchgear Characterized that according to claim 1 to 10, characterized the switching device in case of adjacent to the AC circuit, the at least one lamp at a below a predetermined threshold lying, by the light-sensitive sensor measured the brightness of the environment controls so that it is turned on and operated dimmed and the switching device the at least one lamp above a predetermined at a Threshold lying measured by the light-sensitive sensor Brightness controls the environment so that this lamp is on and is operated without dimming. switchgear according to claim 1 to 10, characterized in that the switching device at the at least one lamp applied to the circuit at a below a predetermined threshold lying, by the light-sensitive sensor switches on the brightness of the surroundings and controls so that the at least one lamp operated dimmed and is above a predetermined brightness of the surroundings, the switches off at least one lamp. switchgear according to claim 1 to 10 characterized in that the switching device in case of adjacent to the AC circuit, the at least one lamp operates in a dimmed state, the strength of the dimming dependent of the brightness measured by the light-sensitive sensor the environment is controlled. switchgear according to claim 1 to 14, characterized in that the switching device at abutting the circuit DC, the at least one lamp if exceeded one measured by the light-sensitive sensor above a threshold lying brightness switches off after a predetermined time. switchgear according to claim 1 to 15 characterized in that each switching device is a light-sensitive associated sensor. switchgear according to claim 1 to 15 characterized in that each group switching devices a common light-sensitive sensor is assigned. switchgear according to claim 1 to 15, characterized in that the by the switchgear abutting be brought about switching and control processes in to the circuit Alternating current only take place when connected to a separate supply line the switching device there is no voltage.