DE1021043B - Single conductor arrangement for the continuation of line-bound surface waves - Google Patents

Description

For the continuation of conducted surface waves single conductor arrangements have become known, the surface of which is modified in such a way that the guided electromagnetic wave around the single conductor arrangement concentrates along this propagates as a non-radiating wave type. To when transferring reduce the radial field expansion of wire waves or the electromagnetic field To concentrate the conductor, the surface of the single conductor arrangement (the wire waveguide) can e.g. B. be designed helically. A particularly simple embodiment of a wire waveguide consists of a conductive wire surrounded with a layer of dielectric material is. Closer investigations on wire waveguides !! have shown that the caused by the dielectric The smaller the loss angle and the larger the dielectric constant, the lower the dissipation loss of the dielectric layer surrounding the single conductor. The drag damping of the wire waveguide becomes smaller, the larger the conductance and the diameter of the metal wire are. Both attenuations, however, increase with increasing frequency. A greater concentration of the electromagnetic Field around the conductor must be bought with an increase in both attenuations.

One can see that resulting from the dielectric material Reduce attenuation by using electrically better materials. But it is not possible reduce the attenuation of a wire waveguide because of the skin effect occurring in conductors, since at those wavelengths at which the wire waveguides are used, the conductive material can only be used to a very small extent for conducting electrical currents. For example is the equivalent conductive layer thickness when using copper and at the frequency of 10 MHz on the order of 0.02 mm. It is therefore not possible if the dimensions remain the same, reduce the resistance attenuation of a wire waveguide.

With the single conductor arrangement for the continuation of conducted surface waves (wire waves) according to the invention, at least the outer part consists of a layered, alternately conductive one and non-conductive medium having cylindrical layers one on top of the other, the layer thickness of the conductive layers is smaller than the equivalent conductive layer thickness at the frequency of the to transmitted energy. At a frequency of e.g. B. 1000 MHz one chooses one for the conductive layers Thickness of about Viooo mm = 1 μ. The layers of dielectric material lying between the conductive layers Material can be made of different thicknesses-single conductor arrangement

for the continuation of line-bound

Surface waves

Applicant:

Siemens & Halske Aktiengesellschaft,

Berlin and Munich,
Munich 2, Wittelsbacherplatz 2

Dipl.-Ing. Franz Rosenlöhner, Munich,
has been named as the inventor

be educated; z. B. one can make the outer layers of dielectric material thicker than the inner layers. The layer surrounding the individual conductor arrangement can consist of metal or insulating material. It can be advantageous to make the dielectric layers thicker than the metallic layers. Furthermore, the thickness of those conductive layers which are located in the vicinity of the surface can be selected to be thinner than the thickness of the layers lying deeper in the cross section of the conductor arrangement. The number of layers can be relatively low, e.g. B. between 2 to 20, are held. The metallic layers can be applied to a carrier, e.g. B. a dielectric core, evaporate in a vacuum, while known methods can be used to apply the non-conductive layers.

One can imagine a wire waveguide made up of two cable systems that belong together. at For such ladder systems it is necessary that the degree of propagation of the systems is the same. At a This is because the wire waveguide forms the actual conductor of the one system and the one surrounding this conductor free space with the dielectric layer surrounding the conductor is the other system. But now that is resulting degree of propagation of the surface waveguide according to the invention strongly dependent on Construction. For this reason it is advantageous to check the relative dielectric constant of the interlayers between the metallic layers -

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the material smaller than that of the dielectric layer surrounding the conductor arrangement Select. The attenuation of the conductor arrangement is pro-

proportional to - ^ - y, where R is the alternating current resistance taking into account the skin effect and Z is the wave resistance of the entire conductor arrangement; are. In the arrangement according to the invention, R is in any case much smaller than in the known arrangements, so that one can allow oneself to reduce the limit radius of the wire waveguide considerably without having to accept an increase in attenuation compared to the known arrangements. The dielectric conductor can therefore be constructed in such a way that a relatively high concentration of the wire waves occurs. The top layer of the wire waveguide can thus be made relatively thick, so that the resulting degree of propagation of the space surrounding the wire waveguide is markedly reduced. In this case, the goal is reached more easily because an adaptation between the propagation dimensions of the actual wire waveguide and the space surrounding the wire waveguide can be achieved with simpler means.

The space lying within the conductive layers is only of a very weak electrical space Field interspersed. One can therefore use an electrically bad one to fill in the innermost core, but for it Use mechanically strong material. Material with the best dielectric properties only for the dielectric intermediate layers and possibly for those surrounding the wire waveguide outer dielectric layers necessary.

The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of exemplary embodiments.

A preferred embodiment is shown in FIG and consists e.g. ß. from a steel core 1 of small diameter, with a relatively thick dielectric Layer 2 is surrounded. On this dielectric jacket are the conductive and non-conductive ones Layers one after the other, e.g. B. by vapor deposition applied. A conductive layer always follows a non-conductive layer, etc.

In Fig. 2, an embodiment is shown, which consists of a dielectric core 3 with successively applied conductive and non-conductive layers. There are non-conductive plastics known that have a very high tensile strength. Such substances can easily be used as the core.

You can also increase the tensile strength of the arrangement according to the invention by. As shown in Fig. 3, a core 4 made of a very high tensile strength, non-conductive material, such as. B. polyamide is used to which another non-conductive material 5 may be applied. On those so educated Finally, as shown in the figure, the core becomes alternately conductive and non-conductive layers upset. The transmission properties can be added to the medium consisting of different layers of the wire waveguide, which has a favorable influence on the layer of dielectric material be arranged.

Arrangements are also possible in which the core is made of metal, e.g. B. steel, and the layered medium, if necessary after applying a relatively thin insulating intermediate layer, is applied immediately.

Claims (13)

Patent claims: 1. Single-line conductor arrangement for the continuation of conducted surface waves (wire waves ), the surface of which is modified in this way. that the guided electromagnetic wave around the individual conductor arrangement "propagates in a concentrated manner along this as a non-radiating wave type (wire waveguide), characterized in that at least the outer part of the individual conductor arrangement consists of a layered medium with alternating conductive and non-conductive, superimposed cylindrical layers and that the layer thickness of the conductive layers is smaller than the equivalent conductive layer thickness at the frequency of the energy to be transmitted. 2. Arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that that the layer thickness of the outer conductive layers is smaller than that in the cross section underlying conductive layers. 3. Arrangement according to claim 2, characterized in that that the layer thickness of the outer layers is significantly smaller than the equivalent conductive layer thickness at the frequency of the energy to be transmitted. 4. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the thickness of the dielectric layers is chosen differently. 5. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the extremely? Layer is a conductive layer. 6. Arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the outermost layer made of dielectric material. 7. Arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the outermost layer consists of electromagnetic material. 8. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that one Steel soul is used. 9. Arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that a soul from very tensile non-conductive material is used. 10. Arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the alternating Conductive and non-conductive layers are applied to the medium consisting of a conductive core is. 11. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the Dielectric material forming intermediate layers has a relative dielectric constant which is only slightly above 1 having. 12. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by such Structure of the conductor arrangement and / or an outer dielectric layer of such dimensions, that it gives a relatively strong concentration of the wire waves. 13. Arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the conductor arrangement with a ferromagnetic «! Layer is surrounded. 1 sheet of drawings © 709 810/225 12.