DE102023113811A1 - Switching device for an at least partially electrically operated motor vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a switching device (10) for an at least partially electrically operated motor vehicle, comprising:- a drivable worm gear (18);- a transmission element (20) corresponding to the worm gear (18), wherein the transmission element (20) is coupled to a shift rod (22); and- the shift rod (22), which carries out a switching process when the transmission element (20) moves via the worm gear (18).

Description

The invention relates to a switching device for an at least partially electrically operated motor vehicle according to the applicable patent claim 1.

Drive trains that have corresponding switching units are already known from automotive engineering. Today, it is known in the state of the art that the corresponding switching systems are driven by air pressure. However, future drive trains for at least partially electrically operated vehicles require electrically operated switching units for shifting gears, differentials or torque controls.

The EP 3 123 062 A1 relates to a transmission actuator for a motor vehicle transmission device which has a plurality of gear ratios for the formation of gears, wherein the transmission actuator has a selector shaft which is mounted so as to be rotatable for the switching of gears and is mounted so as to be axially displaceable for the selection of gears, and wherein the transmission actuator has a gate with a fixedly arranged first gate part and an axially displaceable and rotatable second gate part, wherein one gate part has grooves and webs alternating along one direction and the other gate part has at least one element which can cooperate with one of the webs and is movable into one of the grooves, wherein the at least one element is guided past the webs and grooves in a fixed direction during a selection movement and is moved into one of the grooves during a switching movement, wherein an introduction bevel is provided at least on the webs or on the element, so that the movable gate part can be guided over the introduction bevel in the event of a collision between the element and the web during a switching movement. can be moved further in the specified direction of the selection movement and the switching movement can be continued, wherein essentially right-angled transitions are provided so that in the event of a collision between the element and the web during the switching movement, the movable gate part cannot be moved against the selection movement, but the switching movement is stopped.

The object of the present invention is to design a switching device by means of which electrical switching is possible in an at least partially electrically operated motor vehicle.

This object is achieved by a switching device according to the independent patent claim. Advantageous embodiments are specified in the subclaims.

One aspect of the invention relates to a switching device for an at least partially electrically operated motor vehicle. The switching device has at least one drivable worm gear and a transmission element corresponding to the worm gear, wherein the transmission element is coupled to a shift rod. The switching device also has the shift rod, which carries out a switching process when the transmission element moves via the worm gear.

In particular, the switching device thus has three so-called subassemblies. A first subassembly is formed in particular from the worm drive, which is driven by an electric motor, for example. The transmission element forms a further subassembly, which essentially forms a shaft and corresponds to the worm drive, whereby the shaft is fastened, for example, via corresponding bearings. The third assembly is in turn formed from the switching shaft or the switching rod, which is, for example, radially fixed and axially freely movable. The switching rod is in turn centered in the shaft. A guide pin can be inserted into the switching shaft and also into a spiral groove. When the drive starts to rotate, the worm gear, the corresponding transmission element and thus the spiral groove move. The pin in turn guides the switching rod, for example, to a linear movement.

In particular, at least one linear movement with a high actuating force can be realized in the smallest of spaces, for example driven by an electric motor. The actuating force can in turn be scaled for each application, for example by changing the gear ratio of the worm drive. Furthermore, a self-locking mechanism is provided by the self-locking worm drive.

According to an advantageous embodiment, an electric motor device for driving the worm gear is formed on the worm gear. This makes it possible, for example, for the switching device to be driven by means of electrical energy, in particular provided by an electrical energy storage device of the at least partially electrically operated motor vehicle. Switching can thus be carried out via the motor device without air pressure and only by the drive by means of the electric motor device. In particular, it should be noted that in addition to the switching In addition to a transmission, a differential or torque control can also be switched.

It is also advantageous if the transmission element has a helical recess, with a guide head of the shift rod being arranged in the helical recess for guiding the shift rod. In particular, the guide head can thus guide the shift rod accordingly by rotating the transmission element, in particular a linear movement of the shift rod can thus be brought about. For example, it can then be provided that a corresponding correspondence, for example to a gearbox, is formed at one end of the shift rod, whereby reliable shifting can be achieved.

A further advantageous embodiment provides that the transmission element is designed with two roller bearings. In particular, the transmission element is fixed with the two roller bearings. This enables a reliable switching movement to be realized.

Furthermore, it has proven to be advantageous if the shift rod is fixed radially and can move freely axially. In particular, it is fixed radially, which prevents radial movement of the shift rod, particularly in the transmission element. However, the axially freely movable design allows a linear displacement of the shift rod, which in turn carries out a reliable switching process.

Furthermore, it has proven to be advantageous if the shift rod has at least one rotation lock at a first end of the shift rod, which is designed opposite a second end of the shift rod, the second end being coupled to the transmission element at least in part. This can prevent rotation of the shift rod, in particular beyond a threshold value or target position. For example, the rotation lock can then correspond with grooves within the transmission element and thus prevent the shift rod from rotating further. In particular, the switching device can thus be designed to be self-locking.

It is also advantageous if the transmission element has an element that is at least partially designed as a further worm gear, wherein the element designed as a further worm gear meshes with the worm gear. In particular, a partial worm gear can thus be provided which corresponds to the worm gear. A rotation of the worm gear thus causes an at least partial rotation of the transmission element based on the meshing of the two worm gears. A space-saving switching device can thus be provided.

Another advantageous embodiment provides that the worm gear is held by a roller bearing and a needle bearing. This allows the worm gear to be reliably fixed in a space-saving manner.

It is also advantageous if the switching device is designed as a self-locking switching device. In particular, the switching device is thus designed to be self-locking due to the self-locking worm drive and remains in the desired position. In particular, the worm drive is thus self-locking.

Furthermore, it has proven to be advantageous if the switching device is designed for an at least partially electrically operated truck. In particular, the truck can also be designed to be fully electric. The switching device can thus be switched electrically in particular, whereby a truck can be reliably switched, for example with regard to a transmission and/or with regard to a torque control and/or with regard to a differential control.

A further aspect of the invention relates to a motor vehicle with a switching device according to the previous aspect. The motor vehicle is at least partially electrically operated or fully electrically operated. The motor vehicle is preferably designed as a truck.

Advantageous embodiments of the switching device are to be regarded as advantageous embodiments of the motor vehicle.

Further advantages, features and details of the invention emerge from the following description of a preferred embodiment and from the drawings. The features and combinations of features mentioned above in the description as well as the features and combinations of features mentioned below in the description of the figures and/or shown alone in the figures can be used not only in the combination specified in each case, but also in other combinations or on their own, without departing from the scope of the invention.

• 1 eine schematische Perspektivansicht gemäß einer Ausführungsform der Schaltvorrichtung;
• 2 eine weitere schematische Perspektivansicht gemäß einer Ausführungsform der Schaltvorrichtung;
• 3 eine nochmals weitere schematische Perspektivansicht gemäß einer Ausführungsform der Schaltvorrichtung;
• 4 eine schematische Teilansicht einer Ausführungsform der Schaltvorrichtung;
• 5 eine schematische Schnittansicht gemäß 4;
• 6 eine weitere schematische Teilansicht gemäß einer Ausführungsform der Schaltvorrichtung;
• 7 eine nochmals weitere schematische Teilansicht gemäß einer Ausführungsform der Schaltvorrichtung;
• 8 eine nochmals weitere schematische Teilansicht gemäß einer Ausführungsform der Schaltvorrichtung; und
• 9 eine schematische Ablaufdarstellung gemäß eines Schaltvorgangs mit der Schaltvorrichtung.

The following show:

• 1 a schematic perspective view according to an embodiment of the switching device;
• 2 a further schematic perspective view according to an embodiment of the switching device;
• 3 yet another schematic perspective view according to an embodiment of the switching device;
• 4 a schematic partial view of an embodiment of the switching device;
• 5 a schematic sectional view according to 4 ;
• 6 a further schematic partial view according to an embodiment of the switching device;
• 7 yet another schematic partial view according to an embodiment of the switching device;
• 8 a further schematic partial view according to an embodiment of the switching device; and
• 9 a schematic flow diagram according to a switching operation with the switching device.

In the figures, identical or functionally identical elements are provided with the same reference symbols.

1 shows a schematic perspective view according to an embodiment of a switching device 10. In the present embodiment, in particular an electric motor device 12 of the switching device 10, an adapter plate 14 and a housing 16 are shown.

2 shows a further schematic perspective view according to the switching device 10 from 1 , but without the housing 16. In the present embodiment, it is shown in particular that the switching device 10 is designed in three parts. In particular, the switching device 10 has a drivable worm gear 18, which in this case is coupled in particular to the electric motor device 12. Furthermore, the switching device 10 has a transmission element 20 corresponding to the worm gear 18, wherein the transmission element 20 is coupled to a switching rod 22, and wherein the switching rod 22 carries out a switching process when the transmission element 20 moves via the worm gear 18.

It is also shown that the worm gear 18 has a needle bearing 24 and a roller bearing 26. The transmission element 20 also has a respective roller bearing 28, 30. It is also shown that the transmission element 20 at least partially has an element 32 designed as a further worm gear. It is also shown that the switching rod 22 has a rotation lock 34, which can also be designed as a roller bearing.

3 shows a further perspective view according to an embodiment of the switching device 10. In the 3 In particular, it is shown that the transmission element 20 has a helical recess 36, wherein a guide head 38 of the shift rod 22 for guiding the shift rod 22 is arranged in the helical recess 36.

4 shows a schematic perspective view according to an embodiment of the transmission element 20. In the present case, the transmission element 20 is shown in particular without the shift rod 22.

The 5 shows a schematic sectional view according to the 4 , wherein it is additionally shown that a mounting hole 48 is formed on the translation element 20. In particular, the 4 and 5 that the transmission element 20, which can also be referred to as a helix shaft, is in particular hollow and has two roller bearings 28, 30. Furthermore, the element 32, which is partially designed as a further worm gear, is shown. The transmission element 20 has further roller bearings 40, which are designed to guide the switching rod 22.

6 shows a schematic perspective view according to an embodiment of the shift rod 22. In particular, the 6 that the shift rod 22 has the rotation lock 34 at a first end 42 and can be coupled at a second end 44, for example, to a transmission in order to carry out a corresponding shifting operation.

7 shows in particular the transmission element 20 with the shift rod 22 in a first position P1, in which the shift rod 22 can, for example, shift a first gear. 8 again shows the transmission element 20 with the shift rod 22 in a second position P2. For example, a forward gear can be engaged in the first position P1 and a reverse gear can be engaged in the second position P2.

9 shows in particular four steps according to a switching operation with the switching device 10.

In particular, in the upper left part, according to the first step S1, the switching device 10 is shown in the first position P1. In the second step S2, in particular, the electric motor device 12 begins to rotate. The rotation is controlled via the Worm gear 18 transmits this movement to the transmission element 20, for example to the element 32 which is at least partially designed as a further worm gear. The worm gear 18 is held in particular by the needle bearing 24 and the roller bearing 26. In the third step S3 it is again shown that the switching rod 22 performs a linear movement 46 due to the helical recess 36. In order to prevent further rotation, the rotation locks 34 can again move into corresponding grooves on the transmission element 20, for example. The fourth step S4 again shows the second position P2. The electric motor device 12 stops rotating and the angular position is in particular proportional to the axial movement of the switching rod 22.

In particular, the 9 the switching device 10 with the three subassemblies. The worm gear 18 is driven by the electric motor device 12. The spiral shaft/helix shaft or the transmission element 20 is a hollow shaft with two bearing seats and a partial worm drive, which in particular corresponds to the element 32 designed at least partially as a worm gear, with a spiral groove, in particular the helical recess 36. The helix shaft is designed with the cut-out worm gear with the spiral groove. The helix shaft is fixed with two roller bearings 28, 30 or ball bearings. The shaft is carried by two ball bearings.

The third subassembly is again the shift rod 22, which is radially fixed and axially freely movable. The shift rod 22 is again centered in the transmission element 20. The transmission element 20 guides the shift rod 22 with two further plain bearings, which are located, for example, in a bore. A guide pin is inserted into the shift rod 22 and also into the spiral groove, in particular the helical recess 36, of the transmission element 20. The shift rod 22 has an interface to the displaced element, for example a shift fork. The guide pin transfers the force from the spiral groove to the shift rod 22. The rotation lock 34 is in particular again formed from two ball bearings, which are held by a bolt.

When the electric motor device 12 starts to rotate, the worm gear 18 moves and thus the worm wheel and the spiral groove. The pin guides the switching rod 22 in a linear movement 46. The linear movement 46 is carried out with a high actuating force in a small installation space that is driven by the electric motor device 12. The actuating force can be scaled to any application by changing the ratio of the worm drive. To avoid the rotary movement, two bearings that are mounted at the end of the switching shaft or the switching rod 22 run in a groove and only allow a small rotary movement of the switching rod 22. In particular, the switching device 10 is thus self-locking due to the self-locking worm drive and in particular also self-locking and thus remains in the desired position.

list of reference symbols

10

switching device

12

electric motor

14

adapter plate

16

Housing

18

worm gear

20

translation element

22

shift rod

24

needle bearings

26

roller bearings

28

roller bearings

30

roller bearings

32

element designed at least partially as an additional worm gear

34

rotation lock

36

helical recess

38

guide head

40

roller bearings

42

first page

44

second page

46

linear motion

48

mounting hole

P1

first position

P2

second position

S1-S4

procedural steps

QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of documents listed by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA accepts no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• EP 3 123 062 A1 [0003]

Claims (10)

Switching device (10) for an at least partially electrically operated motor vehicle, comprising: - a drivable worm gear (18); - a transmission element (20) corresponding to the worm gear (18), wherein the transmission element (20) is coupled to a shift rod (22); and - the shift rod (22), which carries out a switching process when the transmission element (20) moves via the worm gear (18). Switching device (10) according to claim 1 , characterized in that an electric motor device (12) for driving the worm gear (18) is formed on the worm gear (18). Switching device (10) according to claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the transmission element (20) has a helical recess (36), wherein a guide head (38) of the shift rod (22) for guiding the shift rod (22) is arranged in the helical recess (36). Switching device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transmission element (20) is designed with two roller bearings (28, 30). Switching device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the switching rod (22) is radially fixed and is freely movable axially. Switching device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the switching rod (22) has at least one rotation lock (34) at a first end (42) of the switching rod (22), which is formed opposite a second end (44) of the switching rod (22), wherein the second end (44) is coupled to the transmission element (20). Switching device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transmission element (20) has an element (32) designed at least partially as a further worm gear, wherein the element (32) designed as a further worm gear engages with the worm gear (18). Switching device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the worm gear (18) is held via a roller bearing (26) and a needle bearing (24). Switching device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the switching device (10) is designed as a self-locking switching device (10). Switching device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the switching device (10) is designed for an at least partially electrically operated truck.

Images