DE102023116108A1 - Transmitting and/or receiving unit, charging device, energy transmission unit, motor vehicle, method for producing a transmitting and/or receiving unit, use of a metallic glass material and use of magnetic field sensitive particles - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a transmitting and/or receiving unit for the inductive transmission of energy with a central axis, with a magnetic field-sensitive component for guiding a magnetic flux and with at least one electrically conductive conductor element, in which the magnetic field-sensitive component and the at least one conductor element are arranged to interact electromagnetically with one another, and in which the magnetic field-sensitive component has at least two interfaces at which the magnetic flux enters or exits the magnetic field-sensitive component in a condensed manner, wherein the at least two interfaces are arranged together on an energy transmission side of the transmitting and/or receiving unit.

Description

The invention relates to a transmitting and/or receiving unit for the inductive transmission of energy.

The invention further relates to a charging device for inductively charging an accumulator, in particular a traction battery of a motor vehicle, with a power supply device or with a connection device for connection to a power supply device.

Furthermore, the invention relates to an energy transmission unit comprising mutually corresponding transmitting and/or receiving units, in which the interfaces of the mutually corresponding transmitting and/or receiving units are arranged opposite one another.

The invention further relates to a motor vehicle with an accumulator, in particular with a traction battery, and with a charging and/or discharging infrastructure for charging and/or discharging the accumulator, in particular for inductive charging and/or discharging.

The invention also relates to a method for producing a transmitting and/or receiving unit for the inductive transmission of energy by means of a magnet-sensitive component for guiding the magnetic flux out of the transmitting and/or receiving unit or into the transmitting and/or receiving unit.

The invention also relates to a use of a metallic glass material.

The invention also relates to a use of magnetic field sensitive particles.

In particular, generic transmitting and/or receiving units for the inductive transmission of energy are already known from the prior art and they are used in particular in connection with charging devices for inductive charging, i.e. for wireless charging, of accumulators or traction batteries of motor vehicles.

It is particularly important that such transmitting and/or receiving units, especially at charging stations for motor vehicles, can achieve the highest possible efficiency in the transmission of energy between a transmitter side and a receiver side in order to be able to achieve a broader acceptance of e-mobility more quickly, for example.

The invention is based on the object of providing an improvement or an alternative to the prior art.

The object of the invention is achieved according to a first aspect by a transmitting and/or receiving unit for the inductive transmission of energy with a central axis, with a magnetic field-sensitive component for guiding a magnetic flux and with at least one electrically conductive conductor element, in which the magnetic field-sensitive component and the at least one conductor element are arranged to interact electromagnetically with one another, and in which the magnetic field-sensitive component has at least two interfaces at which the magnetic flux enters or exits the magnetic field-sensitive component in a condensed manner, wherein the at least two interfaces are arranged together on an energy transmission side of the transmitting and/or receiving unit.

By means of the present transmitting and/or receiving unit, it is possible to provide a highly effective transmitting and/or receiving unit in a structurally particularly simple manner, by means of which energy for wireless charging can be advantageously transmitted between a transmitting side and a receiving side.

The invention relates to the wireless charging of accumulators and in particular of traction batteries of motor vehicles.

In particular, the present magnetic field-sensitive component for guiding a magnetic flux generally makes it possible to significantly reduce magnetic stray field losses with respect to a magnetic field at the transmitting and/or receiving unit.

In this respect, energy can be transmitted wirelessly with significantly lower losses by means of the proposed transmitting and/or receiving unit, in particular between two interacting transmitting and/or receiving units.

The term “transmitting and/or receiving unit” in the sense of the invention is understood to mean a device by means of which energy can be transmitted wirelessly, in particular sent or received, for example in order to charge a traction battery of a motor vehicle with electrical energy; but also to discharge it if necessary, for example in the context of network regulation of a private or public power grid.

In particular, the present transmitting and/or receiving unit is designed for charging and discharging an accumulator, in particular a traction battery, with regard to electrical energy.

The term “magnetic field sensitive component” describes a component which can interact with an electrically conductive conductor, such as with the present electrically conductive conductor element, in particular can interact electromagnetically.

Electromagnetic interactions between an electrically conductive conductor element and a magnetic field-sensitive component interacting therewith are known from the prior art and are not further explained here.

In any case, by means of the magnetic field-sensitive component present here on the transmitting and/or receiving unit, magnetic field lines can be condensed and preferably guided in a targeted manner in the direction of the longitudinal extension of the magnetic field-sensitive component as a correspondingly formed magnetic flux through the magnetic field-sensitive component.

In particular, stray field losses at the transmitting and/or receiving unit can be advantageously reduced.

The desired effects, particularly with regard to compaction and targeted guidance, can be achieved in a particularly simple manner by increasing the permeability of the transmitting and/or receiving unit in some areas and/or by using a transmitting and/or receiving unit with the lowest possible coercive field strength, as will be explained in more detail later.

The transmitting and/or receiving unit can be advantageously constructed if these effects can be achieved at the transmitting and/or receiving unit at least partially by means of the magnetic field-sensitive component.

In this context, it is advantageous if the magnetic field-sensitive component comprises a changing device for increasing the permeability, wherein the changing device is arranged to act between the at least two interfaces.

If magnetic field lines within the transmitting and/or receiving unit can be significantly compressed in accordance with the invention, the transmitting and/or receiving unit can be operated much more effectively with regard to energy transmission.

It is understood that a suitable changing device within the meaning of the invention can be designed and provided differently between the at least two interfaces.

It is therefore advantageous if the changing device comprises a magnetic field-sensitive component for guiding the magnetic flux, which carries the at least two interfaces.

At this point it should be mentioned that the features, effects and advantages explained with regard to the magnetic field sensitive component also apply to the modification device and vice versa.

Thus, the present magnetic field sensitive component can be designed completely in the sense of such a changing device, or only partially.

For example, the magnetic field-sensitive component can only be designed in part in the sense of such a change device, whereby the magnetic field-sensitive component can still be partially manufactured from conventional materials, such as a cost-effective iron material, nickel material or similar. This allows the manufacturing costs of the transmitting and/or receiving unit to be kept lower.

Preferably, however, the magnetic field-sensitive component is entirely a changing device for increasing the permeability, whereby the transmitting and/or receiving unit can operate particularly effectively.

In any case, the magnetic field sensitive component in the sense of the invention can be regarded as a changing device for increasing the permeability and/or with low coercive field strength.

Advantageously, the magnetic field-sensitive component is able to condense magnetic field lines present at the transmitting and/or receiving unit and to guide them in a “bundled” manner in the sense of a magnetic flux at the transmitting and/or receiving unit, so that magnetic field lines in the sense of the magnetic flux described here can emerge in a more targeted manner into the environment of the transmitting and/or receiving unit mainly at the interfaces of the magnetic field-sensitive component, or vice versa.

It is understood that some of the magnetic field lines penetrating the magnetic field sensitive component also emerge from the magnetic field sensitive component outside the boundary surfaces described here. component. However, such "deviating magnetic field lines" can be considered negligible overall.

The term “conductor element” in the sense of the invention includes any electrically conductive conductor for conducting an electric current, which appears suitable for interacting with the magnetic field-sensitive component or the changing device described here.

In particular, a magnetic flux can be caused within the magnetic field-sensitive component by means of the electrical conductor element.

For this purpose, the conductor element can be arranged and designed differently from the magnetic field-sensitive component or the changing device, as will be described in more detail later.

In the sense of the invention, the term “magnetic flux” essentially describes an oriented magnetic field with its magnetic field lines.

These magnetic field lines are advantageously oriented in the region of the magnetic field-sensitive component or the modification device in its or their longitudinal extension and are arranged in a particularly advantageously compact manner.

In this respect, the magnetic flux extends particularly advantageously along the longitudinal extent of the magnetic field-sensitive component or the changing device.

In the sense of the invention, the term “interface” describes a surface of the magnetic field-sensitive component at which the magnetic flux or the magnetic field lines can mainly, i.e. preferably concentrated, emerge from the magnetic field-sensitive component or mainly enter the magnetic field-sensitive component.

The interfaces provided here are preferably arranged at the ends of the magnetic field-sensitive component, in particular at its front sides, with respect to the longitudinal extension of the component.

The at least two interfaces are arranged at two ends of the magnetic field sensitive component.

Such an interface can advantageously be designed by means of a cutting surface through the magnetic field-sensitive component.

Advantageously, the at least two interfaces of the magnetic field-sensitive component are arranged in substantially the same alignment on the transmitting and/or receiving unit.

In other words, the at least two interfaces are arranged next to each other “looking” in the same direction.

As a result, the transmitting and/or receiving unit can be specifically equipped with a defined transmitting and/or receiving side, in particular with a single transmitting and/or receiving side.

Advantageously, this allows a transmission and reception direction to be clearly specified at the transmitting and/or receiving unit.

By means of the transmitting and/or receiving side, a main energy transmission side is also defined on the transmitting and/or receiving unit, which in turn can further increase the efficiency of the transmitting and/or receiving unit.

Furthermore, the transmitting and/or receiving unit can be kept structurally simple by having a single transmitting and receiving side.

For example, this also specifies a clear installation situation with regard to the transmitting and/or receiving unit.

In any case, by means of the transmitting and/or receiving side or the energy transmission main side, it can be determined particularly precisely in which transmitting and receiving direction a magnetic flux or magnetic field lines bundled by means of the magnetic field-sensitive component exit or enter the environment from the transmitting and/or receiving unit.

In this respect, energy transmission between two transmitting and/or receiving units arranged opposite one another in a suitable manner can be implemented in a particularly simple manner and/or the efficiency of the device can be improved.

Preferably, these at least two interfaces are located in or on a transmitting and/or receiving plane of the transmitting and/or receiving unit.

It goes without saying that the transmitting and/or receiving unit can also be constructed differently.

In particular, the present transmitting and/or receiving unit can have further functional components in order to be able to be reliably integrated into a power grid or into an electrical peripheral.

Just as an example, it should be mentioned here that the transmitting and/or receiving unit can be equipped with a frequency converter and other electrical components.

A particularly advantageous embodiment variant can be provided if the magnetic field-sensitive component and/or the changing device for increasing the permeability has a relative permeability of greater than or equal to 1,000, preferably greater than or equal to 5,000 and particularly preferably greater than or equal to 10,000.

The “permeability” or “relative permeability” is a measure of the magnetization of a material in an external magnetic field.

Such an external magnetic field can be created, for example, by means of a conductor element through which current flows.

The higher the permeability or relative permeability of a magnetic field sensitive component, the greater the ratio of magnetic flux density in the magnetic field sensitive component to the magnetic field strength of the field acting on the magnetic field sensitive component.

For example, a magnetic field-sensitive component with a high permeability results in a comparatively high magnetic flux density in the magnetic field-sensitive component even at a low magnetic field strength.

This in turn means that the transmitting and/or receiving unit in question can transmit energy extremely efficiently.

This in turn can significantly increase charging speeds, which means that charging times on a charging device for charging a traction battery can be significantly reduced, for example, or a significantly higher state of charge can be achieved on the traction battery with the same charging time.

It is preferably proposed that the material of the magnetic field-sensitive component has a relative permeability that is greater than or equal to 20,000, preferably the material of the magnetic field-sensitive component has a relative permeability of greater than or equal to 35,000, furthermore preferably the material of the magnetic field-sensitive component has a relative permeability of greater than or equal to 45,000, particularly preferably the material of the magnetic field-sensitive component has a relative permeability of greater than or equal to 50,000. Further preferably the material of the magnetic field-sensitive component has a relative permeability of greater than or equal to 60,000, preferably the material of the magnetic field-sensitive component has a relative permeability of greater than or equal to 70,000, particularly preferably the material of the magnetic field-sensitive component has a relative permeability of greater than or equal to 80,000. Also further preferably, the material of the magnetic field-sensitive component has a relative permeability of greater than or equal to 90,000, preferably the material of the magnetic field-sensitive component has a relative permeability of greater than or equal to 100,000, particularly preferably the material of the magnetic field-sensitive component has a relative permeability of greater than or equal to 110,000. Further preferably, the material of the magnetic field-sensitive component has a relative permeability of greater than or equal to 120,000, preferably the material of the magnetic field-sensitive component has a relative permeability of greater than or equal to 130,000, particularly preferably the material of the magnetic field-sensitive component has a relative permeability of greater than or equal to 140,000. Preferably, the relative permeability of the material of the magnetic field-sensitive component is greater than or equal to 150,000.

The relative permeability of the material of the magnetic field-sensitive component is determined in accordance with standard practice, in particular by numerical simulation and/or by examining the inductance of a self-contained magnetic field-sensitive component, wherein the closed magnetic field-sensitive component can in particular be composed of two U-shaped components.

Among other things, a manufacturing effort with regard to the present transmitting and/or receiving unit can still be kept within a reasonable range if the magnetic field-sensitive component has a relative permeability of less than or equal to 150,000, preferably a relative permeability of less than or equal to 100,000, further preferably a relative permeability of less than or equal to 90,000 and particularly preferably a relative permeability of less than or equal to 75,000.

Furthermore, the magnetic field sensitive component can have a relative permeability of less than or equal to 60,000 before preferably a relative permeability of less than or equal to 45,000, further preferably a relative permeability of less than or equal to 30,000 and particularly preferably a relative permeability of less than or equal to 20,000.

The relative permeability values given above apply to a magnetic field oscillating at 50 Hz.

Cumulatively or alternatively, it is advantageous if the magnetic field-sensitive component and/or the changing device has a coercive field strength of less than or equal to 30 A/m, preferably less than or equal to 10 A/m, further preferably less than or equal to 5 A/m and particularly preferably less than or equal to 3 A/m.

A coercive field strength selected in this way only results in reduced heat loss due to a changing magnetic field in the magnetic field-sensitive component or in the changing device.

This allows the magnetic field sensitive component or the change device to be made significantly smaller while maintaining the same energy transfer, thus further increasing the power density of the magnetic field sensitive component.

Preferably, the magnetic field-sensitive component has a coercive field strength that is less than or equal to 30 A/m, preferably the magnetic field-sensitive component has a coercive field strength of less than or equal to 20 A/m, particularly preferably the magnetic field-sensitive component has a coercive field strength of less than or equal to 15 A/m. Furthermore preferably, the magnetic field-sensitive component has a coercive field strength of less than or equal to 2 A/m, preferably the magnetic field-sensitive component has a coercive field strength of less than or equal to 1 A/m, particularly preferably the magnetic field-sensitive component has a coercive field strength of less than or equal to 0.5 A/m. Furthermore preferably, the magnetic field-sensitive component has a coercive field strength of less than or equal to 0.2 A/m, preferably the magnetic field-sensitive component has a coercive field strength of less than or equal to 0.1 A/m.

The coercive field strength values given above apply to a magnetic field oscillating at 50 Hz.

The present transmitting and/or receiving unit can advantageously be constructed if the magnetic field-sensitive component and/or the changing device comprise a soft magnetic material.

A "soft magnetic material" is understood to mean a material that can be easily magnetized in a magnetic field. A soft magnetic material preferably has a coercive field strength of less than or equal to 1,000 A/m.

Preferably, a soft magnetic material suitable in the present case has a coercive field strength of less than or equal to 10 A/m.

The soft magnetic material can advantageously be provided in connection with the magnetic field sensitive component or the change device with the following atomic composition: [Fe _1-a Ni _a ] _{100-xyz-α-β-γ} Cu _x Si _y B _z Nb _α M' _β M'' _γ with a ≤ 0.3, 0.6 ≤ x ≤ 1.5, 10 ≤ y ≤ 17, 5 ≤ z ≤ 14, 2 ≤ α ≤ 6, ß ≤ 7, γ ≤ 8, where M' is at least one of the elements V, Cr, Co, Al and Zn, where M'' is at least one of the elements C, Ge, P, Ga, Sb, In and Be.

Laboratory tests have shown that the above specification of the soft magnetic material leads to particularly advantageous material properties, in particular for the magnetic field sensitive component proposed here.

In this case, the above material specification can in particular make it possible to achieve a component with a particularly low coercive field strength and/or a particularly high permeability.

A particularly preferred embodiment of the present transmitting and/or receiving unit can furthermore be provided if the magnetic field-sensitive component and/or the changing device comprise a metallic glass material.

By means of a metallic glass material, particularly good values can be achieved with regard to the relative permeability or coercive field strength required in the sense of the invention.

Furthermore, it is advantageous if the magnetic field-sensitive component and/or the modification device has a nanocrystalline structure, since this can further improve the physical properties of the magnetic field-sensitive component or the modification device.

In particular, the relative permeability of the magnetic field-sensitive component or the changing device can thereby be advantageously increased.

For the purposes of the invention, the term “nanocrystalline structure” refers to a polycrystalline solid with a nano-microstructure, where the microstructure is understood to mean the type, crystal structure, number, shape and topological arrangement of point defects, dislocations, stacking faults and/or grain boundaries in a crystalline material.

Preferably, a nanocrystalline material is produced from an amorphous material, wherein the crystal growth starting from the amorphous material is stimulated by the action of a thermal and/or magnetic influence.

Preferably, the magnetic field-sensitive component or the changing device consists of a soft magnetic material with a nanocrystalline structure having a typical grain size in the range of 5 µm to 30 µm, preferably of a nanocrystalline soft magnetic material with a typical grain size in the range of 7 µm to 20 µm, particularly preferably of a nanocrystalline soft magnetic material with a typical grain size in the range of 8 µm to 15 µm.

In this way, particularly advantageous physical properties can be achieved for the magnetic field-sensitive component or the modification device, in particular with regard to the permeability and/or the coercive field strength.

Due to the nanocrystalline structure, the adjustable physical properties of the magnetic field-sensitive component or the modification device are particularly stable over a wide temperature range, in particular over a temperature range of, for example, greater than or equal to 50 °C to less than or equal to 220 °C.

The magnetic field-sensitive component or the changing device can furthermore advantageously be constructed from a plurality of layers.

Such a magnetic field sensitive component or such a changing device can advantageously be manufactured if the magnetic field sensitive component and/or the changing device have a wound base body.

By means of a suitably wound base body, eddy current losses with regard to the magnetic field-sensitive component or the change device can be positively influenced.

The wound base body can in particular be wound circumferentially from a strip, wherein the wound base body has a plurality of turns.

The strip thickness can be at least 5 µm, in particular at least 10 µm, preferably at least 15 µm, and/or at most 200 µm, in particular at most 100 µm, preferably at most 25 µm.

Particularly preferably, the strip thickness of an advantageously wound base body is 20 µm.

The total number of turns on the wound base body can be at least 2, in particular at least 5, preferably at least 20, further preferably at least 50 and particularly preferably at least 100. Furthermore, the total number of turns on the wound base body can be at least 200, in particular at least 300, preferably at least 400 and particularly preferably at least 500.

The total number of turns on the wound base body can be at most 1,500, in particular at most 1,000, preferably at most 800, further preferably at most 500 and particularly preferably at most 300. Furthermore, the total number of turns on the wound base body can be at most 100, in particular at most 50, preferably at most 20 and particularly preferably at most 5.

Alternatively, the magnetic field-sensitive component can also comprise magnetic field-sensitive particles and/or be constructed from magnetic field-sensitive particles. In particular, a magnetic field-sensitive component comprising magnetic field-sensitive particles can also comprise a binding material for binding the magnetic field-sensitive particles in addition to the magnetic field-sensitive particles.

If the magnetic field-sensitive component and/or the change device have a web-shaped base body, the magnetic flux at the transmitting and/or receiving unit can advantageously be guided in a compressed manner.

In addition, it is expedient if the magnetic field-sensitive component and/or the modification device have a base body which is elastically deformable at least in some regions.

This makes it possible, for example, for interfaces on the transmitting and/or receiving unit to be aligned more individually if this would be advantageous for an application.

The present transmitting and/or receiving unit can be easily and effectively installed in exactly a transmitting and/or receiving direction if the magnetic field-sensitive component and/or the changing device have a curved base body.

By means of a correspondingly curved base body, the relevant ends or the corresponding at least two boundary surfaces on the transmitting and/or receiving unit can be arranged aligned in a common effective direction.

In order to realize a correspondingly shaped base body, it is expedient if the magnetic field-sensitive component and/or the changing device are arranged at least partially transverse to the central axis of the transmitting and/or receiving unit.

In this context, it is advantageous if the magnetic field-sensitive component and/or the changing device have a longitudinal extension with two ends or interfaces whose normals point essentially in the same direction.

In this respect, it is advantageous if the at least two boundary surfaces of the transmitting and/or receiving unit are arranged aligned in a common direction along the central axis of the transmitting and/or receiving unit.

In order to be able to combine two or preferably more transmitting and/or receiving units particularly well with one another, it is advantageous if normals of interfaces of two or more transmitting and/or receiving units are arranged in a substantially identical orientation in space, whether running parallel to one another and/or enclosing an angle to one another.

Two or preferably more transmitting and/or receiving units can also be easily combined with one another if the magnetic field-sensitive component and/or the changing device is designed symmetrically with respect to the central axis of the transmitting and/or receiving unit.

If two or more transmitting and/or receiving units are arranged next to each other in the same orientation, the interfaces of several transmitting and/or receiving units can advantageously be summed up to form a larger total interface.

In particular, exit and entry areas for magnetic field lines or magnetic flux can be enlarged.

If, for example, two or preferably more transmitting and/or receiving units are arranged next to one another in such a way that their interfaces are arranged in a common plane, a cumulative transmitting and/or receiving side can advantageously be provided.

A construction of several transmitting and/or receiving units that is as compact as possible can be achieved, for example, if two or preferably more transmitting and/or receiving units are arranged relative to one another in such a way that their interfaces, in particular surface edges thereof, are arranged directly adjacent to one another, or are arranged at most at a distance from one another that corresponds to one interface edge length or less, or preferably half an interface edge length or less.

If such surface edges are aligned and/or arranged parallel to each other, rectangular or square overall interfaces can be easily constructed.

In addition to rectangular or square-shaped transmitting and/or receiving sides, transmitting and/or receiving sides with different geometric shapes can also be provided if two or preferably more transmitting and/or receiving units are arranged next to one another in such a way that their interfaces are arranged lying in a common plane, and two interface edge lengths of interfaces arranged directly next to one another enclose an angle with one another.

For example, by means of appropriately arranged transmitting and/or receiving units, curved overall interfaces can also be realized, such as circular overall interfaces, oval overall interfaces, elliptical overall interfaces or the like.

In this respect, it is also expedient if two or preferably more transmitting and/or receiving units are arranged next to one another in such a way that their interfaces are arranged concentrically to one another.

For example, V-shaped interfaces can also be produced if two or preferably more transmitting and/or receiving units are arranged next to one another in such a way that interfaces arranged next to one another enclose a surface angle with one another which is different from 180°.

In general, it is advantageous for the geometric diversity of interface shapes if two or Preferably, several transmitting and/or receiving units are arranged next to one another in such a way that their interfaces form a linear overall interface.

Furthermore, the following should be explained with regard to the present electrically conductive conductor element:

It is expedient if the at least one conductor element is designed as an electrically conductive conductor element that less than completely encloses the magnetic field-sensitive component and/or the changing device.

This alone makes it possible to reliably realize an interaction between individual components of the transmitting and/or receiving unit as desired in the sense of the invention.

A particularly intimate and stable interaction can be guaranteed if the at least one conductor element is indirectly connected to the magnetic field-sensitive component and/or to and/or to the changing device by means of a connecting means.

It goes without saying that the transmitting and/or receiving unit must be supplied with electrical energy in order to function at least as a transmitting unit.

In this respect, it is advantageous if the at least one conductor element has an electrical connection to an external energy supply device.

According to a further aspect of the invention, the object is achieved by a charging device for inductively charging an accumulator, in particular a traction battery of a motor vehicle, with a power supply device or with a connection device for connecting to a power supply device, wherein the charging device has at least one transmitting and/or receiving unit according to one of the features described here.

If the charging device is characterized by one or preferably several such transmitting and/or receiving units, the contactless charging of accumulators in general and of traction batteries in particular can be further developed extremely advantageously.

In addition, the present charging device can operate particularly reliably and can therefore also be further developed if the charging device has an electrical protection device with an all-current sensitive fault circuit breaker.

Such a fault circuit breaker is known, for example, from WO 2021/259699 A1 known, the contents of which are hereby fully included in the present description.

Furthermore, it should be explained again at this point that the present invention can be used not only for wireless charging, but also for wireless discharging of accumulators, in particular traction batteries.

It is therefore advantageous if the charging device is designed to also discharge the accumulator, in particular the traction battery.

According to an additional aspect of the invention, the object is also achieved by an energy transmission unit comprising mutually corresponding transmitting and/or receiving units according to at least one of the features described here, in which the interfaces of the mutually corresponding transmitting and/or receiving units are arranged opposite one another. This allows the energy transmission unit to be designed and built particularly simply.

The energy transmission unit can also be used advantageously in the field of e-mobility if at least one transmitting and/or receiving unit of interacting transmitting and/or receiving units is arranged mobile relative to the interacting transmitting and/or receiving unit.

According to a further aspect of the invention, the object is also achieved by a motor vehicle with an accumulator, in particular with a traction battery, and with a charging and/or discharging infrastructure for charging and/or discharging the accumulator, in particular for inductive charging and/or discharging, wherein the motor vehicle has at least one transmitting and/or receiving unit according to one of the features described here.

According to another aspect, the object of the invention is also achieved by a motor vehicle with an accumulator, in particular with a traction battery, and with a charging and/or discharging infrastructure for charging and/or discharging the accumulator, in particular for inductive charging and/or discharging, wherein the motor vehicle has a shielding component against electrical and/or magnetic radiation, wherein the shielding component consists at least partially of a material compound comprising components made of a soft magnetic material.

Using such a material compound, very light but extremely good shielding components can be produced, which can be shaped almost arbitrarily during production.

The components can be present in different consistencies, for example as granules or similar, which can also be easily sintered or cast as a material compound.

In particular, a material with a relative permeability of greater than or equal to 1,000 and/or with a coercive field strength of less than or equal to 10 A/m is suitable for this purpose, or additionally with other material properties, as described in connection with the magnetic field-sensitive component or the modification device.

In order to avoid repetition regarding a suitable material, reference is made to the relevant description.

The object of the invention is also achieved according to a further aspect by a method for producing a transmitting and/or receiving unit for the inductive transmission of energy by means of a magnet-sensitive component for guiding the magnetic flux out of the transmitting and/or receiving unit or into the transmitting and/or receiving unit, in which the magnetic flux-conducting component is at least partially wound from a strip material.

By means of a wound strip material, the present magnetic field-sensitive component or the modification device described here can be manufactured in almost any desired dimensions in a structurally advantageous manner.

If the winding is produced in the longitudinal extension of the magnetic field sensitive component, the magnetic field sensitive component or the change device can be produced with particularly good conducting properties and provided at the transmitting and/or receiving unit.

In addition, properties described in connection with the advantageous relative permeability or coercive field strength can be easily achieved if the magnetic field-sensitive component is at least partially made of a metallic glass material.

If the magnetically sensitive component is shortened after winding and at least one interface for introducing or discharging a magnetic flux is then produced at the shortened ends of the magnetically sensitive component, in particular for leading out of the transmitting and/or receiving unit or for introducing into the transmitting and/or receiving unit, a wide variety of structural lengths can be produced, in particular with regard to the component.

At least two boundary surfaces acting in the sense of the invention can be arranged in a structurally simple manner on a common transmitting and/or receiving side of the transmitting and/or receiving unit if the magnetically sensitive component is bent along its longitudinal extension at least at two spaced-apart locations

According to an additional aspect of the invention, the object is also achieved by using a metallic glass material for producing a transmitting and/or receiving unit for the inductive transmission of energy, in particular for producing a magnetic field-sensitive component for guiding, transmitting and/or receiving a magnetic flux.

This allows the transmitting and/or receiving unit to be built to be particularly powerful, while still being extremely compact.

According to a further aspect of the invention, the object is also achieved by using magnetic field-sensitive particles made of a metallic glass material for producing a shielding layer on a vehicle, in particular on a vehicle body, preferably on a floor region of a vehicle body.

With the help of such a shielding layer, for example, sensitive components of the motor vehicle, such as electronic components, can be very well protected from undesirable influences in connection with energy transmission within the scope of the present transmitting and/or receiving unit.

For example, the present shielding layer can be present as a viscous base material which hardens after application to a surface, preferably hardens in an elastically deformable manner.

The present shielding layer can also be designed as a shielding component, as already described above.

In any case, the shielding layer can have the same or at least similar properties as already mentioned above with regard to of the magnetic field sensitive component or the modification device.

In order to avoid repetition, reference is made to the relevant description.

Furthermore, it should be noted that in the context of the patent application at hand, indefinite articles and indefinite numerical expressions such as “one...”, “two...”, etc. should generally be understood as at least expressions, i.e. as “at least one...”, “at least two...”, etc., unless it is clear from the context or the specific text of a particular passage that only “exactly one...”, “exactly two...”, etc. are meant there.

At this point, it should also be mentioned that in the context of this patent application, the expression "in particular" should always be understood as introducing an optional, preferred feature. The expression should not be understood as "and in fact" or "namely".

Further advantages, details and features of the invention will become apparent from the embodiments explained below.

Components which are at least essentially identical in terms of their function in the individual figures can be identified by the same reference numerals, whereby the components do not have to be numbered and explained in all figures.

• 1: schematisch eine perspektivische Ansicht einer einzelnen Sende- und/oder Empfangseinheit;
• 2: schematisch eine perspektivische Ansicht zweier miteinander korrespondierender Sende- und/oder Empfangseinheiten als Energieübertragungseinheit;
• 3: schematisch eine perspektivische Ansicht einer Vielzahl an Sende- und/oder Empfangseinheiten in ovaler Grundanordnung zueinander angeordnet;
• 4: schematisch eine Aufsicht einer Vielzahl an Sende- und/oder Empfangseinheiten in linearer Grundanordnung zueinander angeordnet, wobei die Sende- und/oder Empfangseinheiten geradlinig nebeneinander angeordnet sind;
• 5: schematisch eine Aufsicht einer Vielzahl an Sende- und/oder Empfangseinheiten in linearer Grundanordnung zueinander angeordnet, wobei die Sende- und/oder Empfangseinheiten geradlinig und alternierend versetzt nebeneinander angeordnet sind;
• 6: schematisch eine Aufsicht einer Vielzahl an Sende- und/oder Empfangseinheiten in linearer Grundanordnung zueinander angeordnet, wobei die Sende- und/oder Empfangseinheiten mit einem Zentrum geradlinig nebeneinander angeordnet sind;
• 7: schematisch eine Aufsicht einer Vielzahl an Sende- und/oder Empfangseinheiten in linearer Grundanordnung untereinander angeordnet; und
• 8: schematisch eine Aufsicht einer Vielzahl an Sende- und/oder Empfangseinheiten in kreisrunder Grundanordnung zueinander angeordnet.

In the drawing show:

• 1 : schematically a perspective view of a single transmitting and/or receiving unit;
• 2 : schematically a perspective view of two mutually corresponding transmitting and/or receiving units as an energy transmission unit;
• 3 : schematically a perspective view of a plurality of transmitting and/or receiving units arranged in an oval basic arrangement;
• 4 : schematically a plan view of a plurality of transmitting and/or receiving units arranged in a linear basic arrangement to one another, wherein the transmitting and/or receiving units are arranged in a straight line next to one another;
• 5 : schematically a plan view of a plurality of transmitting and/or receiving units arranged in a linear basic arrangement relative to one another, wherein the transmitting and/or receiving units are arranged next to one another in a straight line and alternately offset;
• 6 : schematically a plan view of a plurality of transmitting and/or receiving units arranged in a linear basic arrangement relative to one another, wherein the transmitting and/or receiving units are arranged next to one another in a straight line with a center;
• 7 : schematically a plan view of a plurality of transmitting and/or receiving units arranged in a linear basic arrangement one below the other; and
• 8 : schematically a top view of a plurality of transmitting and/or receiving units arranged in a circular basic arrangement.

The 1 The transmitting and/or receiving unit 1 shown for the inductive transmission of energy (not shown) has, in a very simple embodiment, a magnet-sensitive component 4 which interacts, in particular electromagnetically interacts, with an electrically conductive conductor element 6 which is only shown in outline.

The transmitting and/or receiving unit 1 has a central axis 8, wherein according to the illustration according to 1 a transverse axis 9 of the transmitting and/or receiving unit 1 is also shown, which is shown running orthogonally to the central axis 8.

The magnetically sensitive component 4 has a rod-shaped, i.e. elongated, base body 10.

The base body 10 is bent in the direction of the longitudinal extension 12 of the magnetically sensitive component 4 at two bending regions 14 and 15 such that the magnetically sensitive component 4 has a central section 16 and two leg sections 18 and 19, wherein the two leg sections 18 and 19 are arranged aligned towards the central axis 8 in the same direction 20, namely in the transmitting and/or receiving direction 20 of the transmitting and/or receiving unit 1.

The two leg sections 18 and 19 run parallel to the central axis 8 and consequently also parallel to each other.

The two leg sections 18 and 19 are spaced apart from each other by a leg spacing 22.

The leg spacing 22 can also tend towards zero in order to be able to build the transmitting and/or receiving unit 1 extremely compactly.

In any case, the base body 10 is U-shaped.

The magnetically sensitive component 4 has a boundary surface 26 and 27 at each of its two ends 24 and 25.

The interfaces 26 and 27 are delimited by interface edges 29 (numbered here only as an example).

The two boundary surfaces 26, 27 are formed as cutting surfaces (not numbered again) through the base body 10.

The two interfaces 26, 27 are preferably uninsulated, while the magnet-sensitive component 4 can optionally have an insulating layer (not shown) on its other surface 28 (numbered only as an example).

By means of the boundary surfaces 26, 27, a transmitting and/or receiving side 30 or energy transmission side (not numbered again) can advantageously be defined on the transmitting and/or receiving unit 1.

Preferably, the two boundary surfaces 26 and 27 are arranged in a common transmitting and/or receiving plane 31, so that the transmitting and/or receiving unit 1 can advantageously both transmit energy symmetrically and receive it symmetrically.

Since the two boundary surfaces 26 and 27 lie in the common transmitting and/or receiving plane 31, their normals 26A and 27A also point in the same direction 20.

In this respect, the two normals 26A and 27A also run parallel to the central axis 8 of the transmitting and/or receiving unit 1.

The magnet-sensitive component 4 of the transmitting and/or receiving unit 1 is designed in such a way that with its help, magnetic field lines (not shown for the sake of clarity) on the transmitting and/or receiving unit 1 can be compressed particularly well and in a targeted manner and thus a corresponding magnetic flux (also not shown for the sake of clarity) can be guided particularly specifically and effectively along the rod-shaped, elongated base body 10.

This can ensure that, on the one hand, magnetic field lines or a related magnetic flux can emerge from the base body 10 of the magnetically sensitive component 4 in a strongly bundled or concentrated manner at the interfaces 26 and 27 in order to be able to emit energy from the transmitting and/or receiving unit 1 in a correspondingly effective manner.

On the other hand, magnetic field lines or a related magnetic flux can, conversely, enter the transmitting and/or receiving unit 1 at the boundary surfaces 26 and 27 in a correspondingly advantageous manner and be guided in a correspondingly compressed manner along the base body 10 in order to be able to receive energy from the environment at the transmitting and/or receiving unit 1 in a correspondingly advantageous manner.

The magnetic field lines can be guided particularly well in a compressed manner at the transmitting and/or receiving unit 1 if the magnetically sensitive component 4 is at least partially designed to increase a permeability at the transmitting and/or receiving unit 1 in some areas.

In this respect, the base body 10 on the transmitting and/or receiving unit 1 or the magnetically sensitive component 4 on the transmitting and/or receiving unit 1 can be designed partially or preferably entirely as a changing device 34 for increasing the permeability.

In this way, stray field losses in particular at the transmitting and/or receiving unit 1 can be significantly reduced, whereby the transmission performance of energy with the transmitting and/or receiving unit 1 can be increased extremely well.

The performance improvements described above can be easily realized by means of a soft magnetic material which in particular has a relative permeability of greater than or equal to 1,000, or preferably more.

In addition, it is advantageous if the soft magnetic material optionally has a coercive field strength of less than or equal to 30 A/m, or less.

More precisely, the base body 10 consists of a wound metallic glass material 32.

By means of a suitably designed magnetically sensitive component 4 or a changing device 34, the transmitting and/or receiving unit 1 can be operated particularly effectively.

The changing device 34 is arranged between the two boundary surfaces 26 and 27.

For example, the changing device 34 can be implemented only in certain areas on the magnetically sensitive component 4.

In the embodiment shown here, the changing device 34 affects the magnet-sensitive component 4 completely.

In other words, this means that the magnet-sensitive component 4 consists entirely of the soft magnetic material having the properties described above.

The electrically conductive conductor element 6 can have a different physical design, for example as an insulated wire element.

In addition, the electrically conductive conductor element 6 can also be arranged differently from the magnetically sensitive component 4; for example, the electrically conductive conductor element 6 can be wound several times around the base body 10 of the magnetically sensitive component 4.

The electrically conductive conductor element 6 has a connection side 35, by means of which it can be energetically connected to a power supply device 36, not shown here.

The transmitting and/or receiving unit 1 described here is particularly suitable for implementing a charging device 38 for inductively charging a rechargeable battery (not shown here) or in particular a traction battery (not shown) of a motor vehicle (not explicitly shown).

Furthermore, the charging device 38 is characterized by an electrical protection device 39 with an all-current sensitive fault circuit breaker 39A.

In particular, with at least two or preferably more of the transmitting and/or receiving units 1 described here, a wireless energy transmission unit 40 can advantageously be produced, such as the energy transmission unit 40 according to the illustration according to the 2 .

The transmitting and/or receiving units 1 are arranged relative to one another in such a way that their respective boundary surfaces 26 and 27 are arranged facing one another.

In other words, this means that the respective transmitting and/or receiving sides 30 of the two transmitting and/or receiving units 1 are arranged opposite one another.

As a result, energy can be advantageously transmitted between the two transmitting and/or receiving units 1, in particular between the respective opposing interfaces 26 and 27.

Advantageously, in the energy transmission unit 40, at least one first transmitting and/or receiving unit 1 of the two transmitting and/or receiving units 1 is arranged mobile relative to the other transmitting and/or receiving unit 1 of the two transmitting and/or receiving units 1, so that the mobile first transmitting and/or receiving unit 1 can be arranged, for example, on a motor vehicle, while the other transmitting and/or receiving unit 1 is arranged in a fixed location, for example on a charging device 38 for inductive or wireless charging, in particular of the traction battery of the motor vehicle.

Since the two transmitting and/or receiving units 1 in this embodiment are identical and also correspond to the design of the transmitting and/or receiving unit 1 from the 1 For further explanation of the two transmitting and/or receiving units 1, please refer to the description of the 1 shown transmitting and/or receiving unit 1 in order to avoid repetition.

According to the presentation after the 3 an exemplary arrangement 42 of upper mobile transmitting and/or receiving units 100 and of lower stationary transmitting and/or receiving units 100 is shown.

The upper and lower transmitting and/or receiving units 100 are identical.

The transmitting and/or receiving units 100 have a similar structure to the transmitting and/or receiving units 1 from the 1 and 2 .

In this respect, for a detailed description of the transmitting and/or receiving units 100, reference can also be made to the description of the transmitting and/or receiving units 1 in order to avoid repetitions here too.

Since all transmitting and/or receiving units 100 have the same structure, they can particularly simplify wireless charging in the field of e-mobility.

For example, the upper mobile transmitting and/or receiving units 100 are advantageously mounted on a motor vehicle 44 (not shown). in particular on a passenger car, and is electrically connected in a suitable manner, in particular to a traction battery 45 of the motor vehicle 44, by means of the electrically conductive conductor elements 6.

The lower stationary transmitting and/or receiving units 100, on the other hand, are assigned to a charging device 38, which in turn is associated with a charging station (not shown) for motor vehicles 44.

The transmitting and/or receiving units 100 are arranged, for example, along an oval line 46.

By means of the large number of lower and upper transmitting and/or receiving units 100 that are operatively connected to one another, the effective total interface areas 47 available for a transmission of energy between the upper and lower transmitting and/or receiving units 100 can be advantageously increased, wherein the total interface areas 47 are each added up from the individual interfaces 26 and 27 of the upper and lower transmitting and/or receiving units 100.

To protect in particular against electromagnetic radiation emanating from the transmitting and/or receiving units 100, the motor vehicle 44 is also equipped with a shielding component 48, wherein the shielding component 48 consists at least partially of a material compound comprising components 49 made of a soft magnetic material, which in particular has a relative permeability of greater than or equal to 1,000 and/or a coercive field strength of less than or equal to 10 A/m.

According to the representations after the 4 to 8 Further possible first arrangements of transmitting and/or receiving units 200 and 300 are shown as examples.

Regarding the presentation according to 4 another arrangement 52 of, for example, five transmitting and/or receiving units 200 arranged next to one another is shown.

The five transmitting and/or receiving units 200 are arranged next to one another in such a way that their respective boundary surfaces 26 and 27 form a common, in particular linear, overall boundary surface 53.

For this purpose, the five transmitting and/or receiving units 200 are arranged such that they are placed with their respective transverse axes 9 along a straight line 54.

Since the interfaces 26 and 27 are arranged in a common transmitting and/or receiving plane 31 (here: paper plane), the interfaces 26 and 27 each have a surface angle 31A (shown only as an example) of 180° with respect to one another. The overall interface 53 is thus flat.

Regarding the presentation according to 5 an additional arrangement 56 is shown in which the five transmitting and/or receiving units 200 are also arranged next to each other, but this time alternately offset from each other along the straight line 54.

For this purpose, for example, two transmitting and/or receiving units 200 of the five transmitting and/or receiving units 200 are arranged displaced from the straight line 54, namely by one edge length of the interface edge 29.

The size of the common total interface 53 formed here remains equal to the total interface 53 of the other arrangement 52 from the 4 The common overall interface 53 is also flat.

Regarding the presentation according to 6 an alternative arrangement 58 is shown, in which the eight transmitting and/or receiving units 200 (not numbered again here) are again arranged next to one another along the straight line 54.

In addition to two outer transmitting and/or receiving units 200 arranged next to one another, the alternative arrangement 58 also has a reinforced center 60 made up of four transmitting and/or receiving units 200, two of which are arranged one above the other, i.e. transversely to the straight line 54.

The alternative overall interface 61 thus formed is larger and also flat.

Regarding the presentation according to 7 a further alternative arrangement 64 is shown, which again comprises eight transmitting and/or receiving units 200 (not numbered again here), of which two transmitting and/or receiving units 200 are arranged in pairs one below the other in a direction transverse to the straight line 54.

The individual interfaces 26 and 27 of the eighth transmitting and/or receiving units 200 form a flat overall interface 65 of the further alternative arrangement 64.

Regarding the presentation according to 8 a further exemplary arrangement 66 of eight other transmitting and/or receiving units 300 with smaller surface area boundary surfaces 26 and 27 is shown, which are arranged concentrically around a center point 67 of the further exemplary arrangement 66 and along a circular line 68.

The individual transmitting and/or receiving units 300 each enclose an angle 69 (shown only as an example) with respect to one another.

All transmitting and/or receiving units 300 are located in a common transmitting and/or receiving plane 31 and together form a flat overall interface 70.

At this point, it should be explicitly pointed out that the features of the solutions described above or in the claims and/or figures can also be combined if necessary in order to be able to implement or achieve the explained features, effects and advantages in a cumulative manner.

It is understood that the embodiments and arrangements explained above are merely first embodiments of the invention. In this respect, the embodiment of the invention is not limited to these embodiments and arrangements.

list of reference symbols

1

transmitting and/or receiving unit(s)

4

magnetically sensitive component

6

electrically conductive conductor element

8

central axis

9

transverse axis

10

base body

12

longitudinal extension

14

first bending area

15

second bending area

16

middle section

18

first leg section

19

second leg section

20

same direction or sending and/or receiving direction

22

leg distance

24

first ending

25

second ending

26

first interface

26A

a normal of the first interface

27

second interface

27A

a normal of the second interface

28

other surface

29

interface edges

30

sending and/or receiving side

31

transmitting and/or receiving level

31A

dihedral angle

32

metallic glass material

34

change facility

35

connection side

36

energy supply facility

38

charging device

39

electrical protection device

39A

residual current device

40

energy transfer unit

42

exemplary arrangement

44

motor vehicle

45

traction battery

46

oval line

47

total interface area

48

shielding component or shielding layer

49

components or particles

52

other arrangement

53

linear total interface

54

straight line

56

additional arrangement

58

alternative arrangement

60

reinforced center

61

alternative overall interface

64

further alternative arrangement

65

flat overall interface

66

further exemplary arrangement

67

center

68

circle line

69

angle

70

total interface area

100

additional transmitting and/or receiving units

200

additional transmitting and/or receiving units

300

additional transmitting and/or receiving units

QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of documents listed by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA accepts no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• WO 2021/259699 A1 [0128]

Claims (30)

Transmitting and/or receiving unit (1; 100; 200; 300) for the inductive transmission of energy with a central axis (8), with a magnetic field-sensitive component (4) for guiding a magnetic flux and with at least one electrically conductive conductor element (6), in which the magnetic field-sensitive component (4) and the at least one conductor element (6) are arranged so as to interact electromagnetically with one another, and in which the magnetic field-sensitive component (4) has at least two interfaces (26, 27) at which the magnetic flux enters or exits the magnetic field-sensitive component (4) in a condensed manner, wherein the at least two interfaces (26, 27) are arranged together on an energy transmission side (30) of the transmitting and/or receiving unit (1; 100; 200; 300). Transmitting and/or receiving unit (1; 100; 200; 300) according to claim 1 , characterized in that the magnetic field-sensitive component (4) comprises a changing device (34) for increasing the permeability, wherein the changing device (34) is arranged to act between the at least two interfaces (26, 27). Transmitting and/or receiving unit (1; 100; 200; 300) according to claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the magnetic field-sensitive component (4) and/or the changing device (34) for increasing the permeability has a relative permeability of greater than or equal to 1,000, preferably greater than or equal to 5,000 and particularly preferably greater than or equal to 10,000. Transmitting and/or receiving unit (1; 100; 200; 300) according to a Claims 1 until 3 , characterized in that the magnetic field sensitive component (4) and/or the changing device (34) has a coercive field strength of less than or equal to 30 A/m, preferably less than or equal to 5 A/m and particularly preferably less than or equal to 3 A/m. Transmitting and/or receiving unit (1; 100; 200; 300) according to one of the Claims 1 until 4 , characterized in that the magnetic field sensitive component (4) and/or the changing device (34) comprise a soft magnetic material. Transmitting and/or receiving unit (1; 100; 200; 300) according to one of the Claims 1 until 5 , characterized in that the magnetic field sensitive component (4) and/or the changing device (34) comprise a metallic glass material (32). Transmitting and/or receiving unit (1; 100; 200; 300) according to one of the Claims 1 until 6 , characterized in that the magnetic field sensitive component (4) and/or the changing device (34) have a wound base body (10). Transmitting and/or receiving unit (1; 100; 200; 300) according to one of the Claims 1 until 7 , characterized in that the magnetic field-sensitive component (4) and/or the changing device (34) have a longitudinal extension (12) with two ends (24, 25) whose normals (26A, 27A) point substantially in the same direction (20). Transmitting and/or receiving unit (1; 100; 200; 300) according to a Claims 1 until 8 , characterized in that two or preferably more transmitting and/or receiving units (1) are arranged next to one another in such a way that their boundary surfaces (26, 27) are arranged lying in a common plane (31). Transmitting and/or receiving unit (1; 100; 200; 300) according to one of the Claims 1 until 8 , characterized in that two or preferably more transmitting and/or receiving units (1; 100; 200; 300) are arranged relative to one another in such a way that their interfaces (26, 27), in particular interface edges (29) thereof, are arranged directly adjacent to one another, or are arranged at most at a distance from one another which corresponds to one interface edge length or less, or preferably half an interface edge length or less. Transmitting and/or receiving unit (1; 100; 200; 300) according to a Claims 1 until 24 , characterized in that two or preferably more transmitting and/or receiving units (1; 100; 200; 300) are arranged next to one another in such a way that their interfaces (26, 27) are arranged lying in a common plane (31), and two interface edge lengths (29) of interfaces (26, 27) arranged directly next to one another enclose an angle (69) with one another. Transmitting and/or receiving unit (1; 100; 200; 300) according to a Claims 1 until 10 , characterized in that two or preferably more transmitting and/or receiving units (1; 100; 200; 300) are arranged next to one another in such a way that boundary surfaces (26, 27) arranged next to one another enclose a surface angle (31A) which is different from 180°. Transmitting and/or receiving unit (1; 100; 200; 300) according to a Claims 1 until 12 , characterized in that two or preferably more Transmitting and/or receiving units (1; 100; 200; 300) are arranged next to one another in such a way that their boundary surfaces (26, 27) form a common linear overall boundary surface (47; 53; 61; 65; 70). Transmitting and/or receiving unit (1; 100; 200; 300) according to one of the Claims 1 until 13 , characterized in that the at least one conductor element (6) is designed as an electrically conductive conductor element (6) which less than completely encloses the magnetic field-sensitive component (4) and/or the changing device (34). Transmitting and/or receiving unit (1; 100; 200; 300) according to one of the Claims 1 until 14 , characterized in that the at least one conductor element (6) is indirectly connected to the magnetic field-sensitive component (4) and/or to and/or to the changing device (34) by means of a connecting means. Transmitting and/or receiving unit (1; 100; 200; 300) according to one of the Claims 1 until 15 , characterized in that the at least one conductor element (6) has an electrical connection (35) to an external energy supply device (36). Charging device (38) for inductively charging an accumulator, in particular a traction battery of a motor vehicle, with a power supply device (36) or with a connection device for connection to a power supply device (36), characterized in that the charging device (38) has at least one transmitting and/or receiving unit (1; 100; 200; 300) according to one of the preceding claims. Loading device (38) after claim 17 , characterized in that the charging device (38) has an electrical protection device (39) with an all-current sensitive fault circuit breaker (39A). Loading device (38) after claim 17 or 18 , characterized in that the charging device (38) is designed to also discharge the accumulator, in particular the traction battery (45). Energy transmission unit (40) comprising mutually corresponding transmitting and/or receiving units (1; 100; 200; 300) according to one of the Claims 1 until 16 in which the interfaces (26, 27) of the mutually corresponding transmitting and/or receiving units (1; 100; 200; 300) are arranged opposite one another. Energy transfer unit (40) according to claim 20 , characterized in that at least one transmitting and/or receiving unit (1; 100; 200; 300) of interacting transmitting and/or receiving units (1; 100; 200; 300) is arranged mobile relative to the interacting transmitting and/or receiving unit (1; 100; 200; 300). Motor vehicle (44) with an accumulator, in particular with a traction battery (45), and with a charging and/or discharging infrastructure for charging and/or discharging the accumulator, in particular for inductive charging and/or discharging, characterized in that the motor vehicle (44) has at least one transmitting and/or receiving unit (1; 100; 200; 300) according to one of the Claims 1 until 16 has. Motor vehicle (44) with an accumulator, in particular with a traction battery (45), and with a charging and/or discharging infrastructure for charging and/or discharging the accumulator, in particular for inductive charging and/or discharging, in particular motor vehicle (44) according to claim 22 , characterized in that the motor vehicle (44) has a shielding component (48) against electrical and/or magnetic radiation, wherein the shielding component (48) consists at least partially of a material compound comprising components of a soft magnetic material, in particular with a relative permeability of greater than or equal to 1,000 and/or with a coercive field strength of less than or equal to 10 A/m. Method for producing a transmitting and/or receiving unit (1; 100; 200; 300) for the inductive transmission of energy by means of a magnetic field-sensitive component (4) for guiding the magnetic flux out of the transmitting and/or receiving unit (1; 100; 200; 300) or into the transmitting and/or receiving unit (1; 100; 200; 300), in which the magnetic field-sensitive component (4) is at least partially wound from a strip material. procedure according to claim 24 , characterized in that the winding is produced in the longitudinal extension (12) of the magnetic field sensitive component (4). procedure according to claim 24 or 25 , characterized in that the magnetic field sensitive component (4) is at least partially made of a metallic glass material (32). Method according to one of the Claims 24 until 26 , characterized in that the magnet sensitive component (4) is shortened after winding, and that at least one interface (26, 27) for introducing or removing a magnetic flux is produced at the shortened ends (24, 25) of the magnetic field sensitive component (4), in particular for leading out of the transmitting and/or receiving unit (1; 100; 200; 300) or for introducing into the transmitting and/or receiving unit (1; 100; 200; 300). Method according to one of the Claims 24 until 27 , characterized in that the magnetically sensitive component (4) is bent along its longitudinal extent (12) at least at two spaced-apart locations (14, 15). Use of a metallic glass material (32) for producing a transmitting and/or receiving unit (1; 100; 200; 300) for the inductive transmission of energy, in particular for producing a magnetic field-sensitive component (4) for guiding, transmitting and/or receiving a magnetic flux. Use of magnetic field-sensitive particles (49) made of a metallic glass material (32) for producing a shielding layer (48) on a vehicle (44), in particular on a vehicle body, preferably on a floor region of a vehicle body.

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