DE102023101600B4 - Method and mechanical arrangement for dividing a residual grid of a separating processing of a plate-shaped workpiece and mechanical system with such an arrangement - Google Patents

Abstract

Method for dividing a residual grid (8) of a separating processing of a plate-shaped workpiece (1), in particular a residual grid (8) of a separating sheet metal processing, wherein the residual grid (8) is separated and thereby divided into residual grid parts (19),
• wherein the residual grid (8) is divided into residual grid parts (19) by means of a preparatory separation process and by means of a final separation process following the preparatory separation process,
• wherein the residual grid (8) is separated during the preparatory separation process along a separation line (10) of the preparatory separation process and during the final separation process along a separation line (18) of the final separation process and the separation line (10) of the preparatory separation process and the separation line (18) of the final separation process run at an angle to one another,
• wherein during the preparatory separation process, boundaries of residual grid parts (19) are produced which run along the separation line (10) of the preparatory separation process and lie opposite one another, which are adjacent to one another along the separation line (18) of the final separation process and
• wherein during the final separation process the adjacent residual grid parts (19) are completely separated from one another by producing boundaries of the adjacent residual grid parts (19) during the final separation process which run along the separation line (18) of the final separation process and abut the boundaries produced during the preparatory separation process, characterized in that a mutual orientation of the separation line (10) of the preparatory separation process and the separation line (18) of the final separation process on the residual grid (8) is selected as a function of a residual grid geometry.

Description

• • wobei das Restgitter mittels eines vorbereitenden Trennvorgangs und mittels eines dem vorbereitenden Trennvorgang zeitlich nachfolgenden finalen Trennvorgangs in Restgitterteile zerteilt wird,
• • wobei das Restgitter bei dem vorbereitenden Trennvorgang längs einer Trennlinie des vorbereitenden Trennvorgangs und bei dem finalen Trennvorgang längs einer Trennlinie des finalen Trennvorgangs trennend bearbeitet wird und die Trennlinie des vorbereitenden Trennvorgangs und die Trennlinie des finalen Trennvorgangs unter einem Winkel zueinander verlaufen,
• • wobei bei dem vorbereitenden Trennvorgang längs der Trennlinie des vorbereitenden Trennvorgangs verlaufende und einander gegenüberliegende Begrenzungen von Restgitterteilen erzeugt werden, die längs der Trennlinie des finalen Trennvorgangs einander benachbart sind und
• • wobei bei dem finalen Trennvorgang die einander benachbarten Restgitterteile vollständig voneinander getrennt werden, indem bei dem finalen Trennvorgang längs der Trennlinie des finalen Trennvorgangs verlaufende und an die bei dem vorbereitenden Trennvorgang erzeugten Begrenzungen anstoßende Begrenzungen der einander benachbarten Restgitterteile erzeugt werden.

The invention relates to a method for dividing a residual grid of a separating processing of a plate-shaped workpiece, in particular a residual grid of a separating sheet metal processing, wherein the residual grid is separated and thereby divided into residual grid parts,

• • whereby the residual grid is divided into residual grid parts by means of a preparatory separation process and by means of a final separation process following the preparatory separation process,
• • wherein the residual skeleton is separated during the preparatory separation process along a separation line of the preparatory separation process and during the final separation process along a separation line of the final separation process and the separation line of the preparatory separation process and the separation line of the final separation process run at an angle to each other,
• • wherein during the preparatory separation process, boundaries of residual grid parts are created which run along the separation line of the preparatory separation process and lie opposite one another and are adjacent to one another along the separation line of the final separation process and
• • wherein during the final separation process the adjacent residual lattice parts are completely separated from one another by creating boundaries of the adjacent residual lattice parts during the final separation process which run along the separation line of the final separation process and abut against the boundaries created during the preparatory separation process.

The invention also relates to a mechanical arrangement for carrying out the aforementioned method and to a mechanical system with such an arrangement.

Residual skeletons, such as those generated as processing waste during sheet metal processing, often have considerable dimensions and therefore often have to be cut up for disposal.

The state of the art in this field is known from EP 4 116 007 A1 .

This document discloses a method and a device for cutting up a stamped grid that is present as waste from a stamping sheet metal processing. In addition to a stamping device, a waste separation device is provided with punches and with a separating knife arranged downstream of the punches in a direction of movement of the stamped grid. Using the punches, grid webs of the stamped grid are severed in a preparatory separation process with a separating line running in the direction of movement of the stamped grid. A final separation process is then carried out using the separating knife with a separating line that runs perpendicular to the direction of movement of the stamped grid.

Further state of the art is known from EP 1 649 958 A1 and JP S59-189 089 A.

EP 1 649 958 A1 relates to a scrap lattice cutting device with several shearing teeth. The shearing teeth have two cutting edges that run at an angle to each other starting from a corner of the shearing teeth. To cut a scrap lattice, the shearing teeth carry out cutting strokes perpendicular to the main plane of the scrap lattice relative to the scrap lattice to be cut. The shearing teeth simultaneously plunge into the scrap lattice with both cutting edges and cut the scrap lattice.

In operational practice, the previously known shear teeth have proven to be susceptible to wear. As a result, in the case of the state of the art, only residual skeletons with a relatively small thickness can be cut.

Out of JP S59-189 089 A is a laser cutting machine for the separating waste treatment following a cutting process.

Based on the generic state of the art, the invention is based on the object of enabling optimal division of the residual skeleton.

According to the invention, this object is achieved by the method according to patent claim 1, by the mechanical arrangement according to patent claim 11 and by the mechanical system according to patent claim 15.

In the case of the invention, the division process is divided into a preparatory separation process and a final separation process. During the preparatory separation process, boundaries of the remaining grid parts are created that run along a separation line of the preparatory separation process and lie opposite one another, and that are adjacent to one another at the separation line of the final separation process. Then, during the final separation process, boundaries of the adjacent remaining grid parts are created that run along the separation line of the final separation process and abut the boundaries created during the preparatory separation process. This means that the adjacent residual grid parts are completely separated from one another. The course of the separating line of the preparatory separating process and/or the separating line of the final separating process to be selected for optimal division of the residual grid depends on the residual grid geometry and is therefore also selected according to the invention in dependence on the residual grid geometry. For this purpose, on the arrangement according to the invention, a residual grid support provided for supporting the residual grid when dividing the residual grid on the one hand and the separating device for carrying out the preparatory separating process and/or the separating device for carrying out the final separating process on the other hand can be adjusted relative to one another about an adjusting axis which runs perpendicular to a support plane formed by the residual grid support.

In a further development of the invention, different separating devices of the mechanical arrangement according to the invention are provided for carrying out the preparatory separating process and for carrying out the final separating process (patent claim 12).

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the preparatory separating process for dividing the residual skeleton is carried out with the same separating device with which the residual skeleton is produced during the separating workpiece processing (patent claim 2).

In addition or alternatively, in a further development of the invention, the separating workpiece processing is temporally parallelized with the preparatory separating process and/or with the final separating process for dividing the residual skeleton (patent claim 3).

According to patent claim 4, the preparatory separation process for dividing the residual skeleton is carried out as a laser separation process in a further preferred embodiment of the invention. To carry out the preparatory separation process, the machine arrangement according to the invention in this case has a laser cutting device (patent claim 13). The laser cutting device can then also be used for separating workpiece processing.

Particularly in cases where the residual skeleton is moved between the preparatory separation process and the final separation process and/or during the separating workpiece processing, it is recommended to carry out the preparatory separation process along a separation line that does not end at the edge of the residual skeleton but rather ends at a distance from the edge of the residual skeleton (patent claim 5). This means that after the preparatory separation process, the stability of the residual skeleton is retained, which is advantageous for the movement of the residual skeleton.

In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the residual grid is, for the sake of simplicity, separated during the final separation process along a separation line which runs in a straight line over the entire dimension of the residual grid extending along the separation line of the final separation process (claim 6).

Preferably, a guillotine shear is used with a cutting edge that extends along the cutting line of the final cutting process, which is intended as the cutting line of the guillotine shear, over the entire dimension of the residual skeleton and which preferably carries out a single cutting stroke to carry out the final cutting process (patent claims 7, 14). Guillotine shears have very robust cutting tools at relatively low acquisition costs.

The inventive methods according to patent claims 8 and 10 enable a small-scale division of even large-area residual grids.

According to patent claim 8, the residual grid is divided into strips. According to patent claim 10, more than two residual grid parts arranged along the dividing line of the final separation process are separated from one another.

By combining the features of patent claims 8 and 10, a variant of the method according to the invention results in which several residual grid strips are each divided into more than two residual grid parts.

Also in order to maintain a stability of the residual grid that is particularly advantageous for transporting the residual grid, in a preferred embodiment of the invention the dividing line of the preparatory separating process on one of the residual grid strips and the dividing line of the preparatory separating process on the adjacent residual grid strip are arranged offset from one another along the dividing line of the final separating process running between the residual grid strips (patent claim 9).

• 1 ein trennend zu bearbeitendes Blech mit einer Belegung mit zu erzeugenden Fertigteilen und mit einem Restgitter,
• 2 das Blech gemäß 1 mit Trennlinien für einen vorbereitenden Trennvorgang zum Zerteilen des Restgitters,
• 3 das Blech gemäß 2 mit zusätzlichen Trennlinien für einen finalen Trennvorgang zum Zerteilen des Restgitters,
• 4 eine maschinelle Anlage mit einer maschinellen Anordnung zum Zerteilen eines Restgitters einer trennenden Blechbearbeitung mit einer Restgitterauflage und mit einer Schlagschere mit einer ersten gegenseitigen Orientierung der Restgitterauflage und der Schlagschere,
• 5 die maschinelle Anordnung gemäß 4 mit einer zweiten gegenseitigen Orientierung der Restgitterauflage und der Schlagschere und
• 6 die Anordnung gemäß den 4 und 5 mit einer dritten gegenseitigen Orientierung der Restgitterauflage und der Schlagschere.

The invention is explained in more detail below using exemplary schematic representations.

• 1 a sheet to be separated and covered with finished parts to be produced and with a residual grid,
• 2 the sheet according to 1 with dividing lines for a preparatory separation process for cutting the residual skeleton,
• 3 the sheet according to 2 with additional dividing lines for a final separation process to divide the residual skeleton,
• 4 a machine system with a machine arrangement for cutting a residual skeleton of a separating sheet metal processing with a residual skeleton support and with a shear with a first mutual orientation of the residual skeleton support and the shear,
• 5 the mechanical arrangement according to 4 with a second mutual orientation of the skeleton support and the shear and
• 6 the arrangement according to the 4 and 5 with a third mutual orientation of the skeleton support and the shear.

1 shows a plate-shaped workpiece in the form of a sheet 1, as it is on a 4 shown machine system 2 for separating sheet metal processing is stored in a numerical machine control 3.

The machine system 2 comprises a processing device which, in the example shown, is designed as a conventional punching laser machine 4. For separating the sheet metal 1, the punching laser machine 4 has, in a known manner, a first separating device in the form of a punching device 5 and a second separating device in the form of a laser cutting device 6.

After the 1 As shown in the layout plan, a large number of finished parts 7 with different geometries are cut out of the sheet metal 1 by means of the punching device 5 and the laser cutting device 6. By cutting out the finished parts 7, a residual grid 8 is created which encloses the finished parts 7.

After completion of the separating processing of the sheet metal 1 and/or even during the ongoing separating process, finished parts 7 are removed from the residual grid 8 by means of a conventional unloading device 9 of the machine system 2, for example by means of a suction frame of known design. The residual grid 8 is disposed of as processing waste after the finished parts 7 have been completely unloaded.

Due to its considerable dimensions, the residual skeleton 8 is divided into pieces to facilitate its disposal.

For this purpose, a preparatory separation process and a final separation process following the preparatory separation process are carried out on the residual skeleton 8.

In the example shown, the preparatory separation process is carried out as a laser separation process using the laser cutting device 6 of the punching laser machine 4 during the separation processing of the sheet metal 1. On the one hand, the laser cutting device 6 cuts finished parts 7 free on the sheet metal 1. On the other hand, the laser cutting device 6 creates preparatory separation cuts on the residual grid 8, which serve to prepare the complete division of the residual grid 8. 2 shows the image of the sheet metal 1 stored in the machine control 3 with the assignment of the finished parts 7 and additionally with separating lines 10 of the preparatory separating process, which depict the preparatory separating cuts created during the preparatory separating process.

To carry out the final separation process for dividing the residual skeleton 8, the mechanical system 2 has a separation device in the form of a shear 11 with a separation unit 12.

The laser cutting device 6 of the punching laser machine 4 and the shearing machine 11 therefore form a cutting device for cutting the residual skeleton 8.

Adjacent to the guillotine shear 11 is a scrap skeleton support 13, which forms a horizontal support plane for the scrap skeleton 8.

In the usual way, the cutting unit 12 of the guillotine shears 11 enables long, straight cuts through the interaction of a cutting edge 14 movable in the vertical direction with a fixed cutting edge 15.

The scrap skeleton support 13 is provided in a known manner with an endlessly rotating support belt 16. The scrap skeleton 8 is placed on the support belt 16 after the separation processing of the sheet metal 1 has been completed on the punching laser machine 4 and after the finished parts 7 have been completely unloaded by means of a conventional mechanical handling device 17. At this point in time, the scrap skeleton 8 is already provided with the preparatory separation cuts running along the separation lines 10 of the preparatory separation process.

For the final cutting, the residual skeleton 8 provided with the preparatory separating cuts is moved intermittently to the separating unit 12 of the shearing machine 11 by a controlled motorized feed movement of the support belt 16.

In order for the residual skeleton 8 to be broken down into residual skeleton parts suitable for disposal of the residual skeleton 8 by operating the guillotine shears 11, the separating cuts or separating lines 10 of the preparatory separating process and separating lines 18 of the final separating process carried out by means of the guillotine shears 11 must be oriented relative to one another in a suitable manner depending on the geometry of the residual skeleton 8. In any case, the separating lines 10 of the preparatory separating process and the separating lines 18 of the final separating process run at an angle to one another.

The mutual orientation of the dividing lines 10 of the preparatory separation process and the dividing lines 18 of the final separation process chosen in the present case results from 3 .

Accordingly, in the example case shown, the residual grid 8 is divided into residual grid parts 19 in strips. Residual grid strips are each divided into residual grid parts 19 by means of a preparatory separation process and by means of a final separation process following the preparatory separation process.

During the preparatory separation process carried out on the punching laser machine 4 by means of the laser cutting device 6, all of the affected residual grid strips are separated along the separation lines 10 of the preparatory separation process. In this process, boundaries of two or more residual grid parts 19 are created on the residual grid strips running along the separation line(s) 10 of the preparatory separation process and lying opposite one another, which are adjacent to one another along the associated separation line 18 of the final separation process.

In the subsequent final separation process, the adjacent residual grid parts 19 of a residual grid strip are completely separated from one another by creating boundaries of the adjacent residual grid parts 19 that run along the relevant separation line 18 of the final separation process and abut the boundaries created during the preparatory separation process. As a result, the adjacent residual grid parts 19 of the relevant residual grid strip are completely separated from one another.

The final separation process on each of the residual grid strips is carried out by means of the guillotine shears 11 as a final cutting process with a single working stroke of the cutting edge 14 of the guillotine shears 11. The cutting edge 14 runs in a straight line along the separation line 18 provided as the cutting line of the final separation process over the entire dimension of the residual grid 8 extending along the cutting line of the final separation process.

After several scrap grid parts 19 are produced from each of the scrap grid strips, the scrap grid parts 19 have dimensions that are well suited for disposal.

The separating lines 10 of the preparatory separating process end at a distance from the edge of the residual skeleton 8. As a result, the residual skeleton 8 retains a stability despite the preparatory separating cuts, which enables the residual skeleton 8 to move smoothly on the punching laser machine 4 and on the residual skeleton support 13.

For corresponding reasons, the dividing lines 10 of the preparatory dividing process on adjacent residual grid strips are offset from one another along the dividing line 18 of the final dividing process running between the residual grid strips.

A suitable mutual orientation of the separating lines 10 of the preparatory separating process and the separating lines 18 of the final separating process is made possible by the fact that the residual skeleton support 13 and the separating unit 12 of the shearing machine 11 can be adjusted relative to one another about an adjusting axis 20 which runs perpendicular to a support plane formed by the residual skeleton support 13.

The mutual orientation of the dividing lines 10 of the preparatory separation process and the dividing lines 18 of the final separation process that is appropriate for the present case is 5 and in 6 shown mutual orientation of the skeleton support 13 and the separation unit 12 of the shearing machine 11.

Compared to 4 is in 5 the skeleton support 13 relative to the separating unit 12 of the shearing machine 11 and in 6 the separation unit 12 of the shearing machine 11 is adjusted relative to the scrap skeleton support 13. It is also conceivable that both the separation unit 12 of the shearing machine 11 and the scrap skeleton support 13 are adjusted around the adjustment axis 20.

Claims (15)

Method for dividing a residual grid (8) of a separating processing of a plate-shaped workpiece (1), in particular a residual grid (8) of a separating sheet metal processing, wherein the residual grid (8) is processed in a separating manner and thereby divided into residual grid parts (19), • wherein the residual grid (8) is divided into residual grid parts (19) by means of a preparatory separating process and by means of a final separating process following the preparatory separating process, • wherein the residual grid (8) is Separating process along a separating line (10) of the preparatory separating process and in the final separating process along a separating line (18) of the final separating process and the separating line (10) of the preparatory separating process and the separating line (18) of the final separating process run at an angle to each other, • wherein in the preparatory separating process, boundaries of residual grid parts (19) are produced which run along the separating line (10) of the preparatory separating process and lie opposite each other, which are adjacent to each other along the separating line (18) of the final separating process and • wherein in the final separating process, the adjacent residual grid parts (19) are completely separated from each other by producing boundaries of the adjacent residual grid parts (19) which run along the separating line (18) of the final separating process and abut the boundaries produced in the preparatory separating process, characterized in that a mutual orientation of the separating line (10) of the preparatory separation process and the separation line (18) of the final separation process on the residual grid (8) are selected depending on a residual grid geometry. procedure according to claim 1 , characterized in that the preparatory separating process is carried out by means of a separating device, by means of which the workpiece (1) is separated to produce the residual grid (8). Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the preparatory separating process and/or the final separating process is carried out during the separating machining of the workpiece (1), by which the residual grid (8) is produced. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the preparatory separation process is carried out as a laser separation process. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the preparatory separating process is carried out along a separating line (10) of the preparatory separating process, which ends at a distance from an edge of the residual grid (8). Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the residual grid (8) is separated during the final separation process along a separation line (18) of the final separation process, which runs in a straight line over the entire dimension of the residual grid (8) extending along the separation line (18) of the final separation process. procedure according to claim 6 , characterized in that the final separating process is carried out as a final cutting process by means of a guillotine shear (11) with a single working stroke of a cutting edge (14) which runs along the separating line (18) provided as the cutting line of the final separating process over the entire dimension of the residual grid (8) extending along the cutting line of the final separating process. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the residual grid (8) is divided into residual grid parts (19) in strips by dividing residual grid strips into residual grid parts (19) by means of a preparatory separating process and by means of a final separating process following the preparatory separating process, • wherein the residual grid strips are each separated along a separating line (10) of the preparatory separating process in the preparatory separating process and along a separating line (18) of the final separating process in the final separating process, and the separating line (10) of the preparatory separating process and the separating line (18) of the final separating process run at an angle to one another, • wherein on the residual grid strips in the preparatory separating process, boundaries of residual grid parts (19) are produced which run along the separating line (10) of the preparatory separating process and lie opposite one another, said boundaries being adjacent to one another on the separating line (18) of the final separating process, and • wherein on the residual grid strips in each case in the final separation process, the adjacent residual grid parts (19) are completely separated from one another by creating boundaries of the adjacent residual grid parts (19) which run along the separation line (18) of the final separation process and abut against the boundaries created during the preparatory separation process. procedure according to claim 8 , characterized in that the separating line (10) of the preparatory separating process on one of the residual grid strips and the separating line (10) of the preparatory separating process on the adjacent residual grid strip are offset from one another along the separating line (18) of the final separating process running between the residual grid strips. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the residual grid (8) is separated during the preparatory separating process along several separating lines (10) of the preparatory separating process. Mechanical arrangement for dividing a residual grid (8) from a separating processing of a plate-shaped workpiece (1), in particular a residual grid (8) from a separating sheet metal processing, with a dividing device (6, 11), by means of which the residual grid (8) can be separated and thereby divided into residual grid parts (19), • wherein the residual grid (8) can be divided into residual grid parts (19) by means of the dividing device (6, 11) in that a preparatory separating process and a final separating process following the preparatory separating process can be carried out on the residual grid (8) by means of the dividing device (6, 11), • wherein the residual grid (8) can be separated and processed by means of the dividing device (6, 11) during the preparatory separating process along a separating line (10) of the preparatory separating process and during the final separating process along a separating line (18) of the final separating process, and the separating line (10) of the preparatory separation process and the separation line (18) of the final separation process run at an angle to one another, • wherein, by means of the dividing device (6, 11), during the preparatory separation process, boundaries of residual grid parts (19) can be produced which run along the separation line (10) of the preparatory separation process and lie opposite one another, which are adjacent to one another at the separation line (18) of the final separation process, and • wherein, by means of the dividing device (6, 11), during the final separation process, the adjacent residual grid parts (19) can be completely separated from one another, in that, by means of the dividing device (6, 11), during the final separation process, boundaries of the adjacent residual grid parts (19) can be produced which run along the separation line (18) of the final separation process and abut against the boundaries produced during the preparatory separation process, characterized in that a residual grid support (13) is provided for supporting the residual grid (8), which has a Support plane for the residual grid (8) and that a mutual orientation of the separating line (10) of the preparatory separating process and the separating line (18) of the final separating process on the residual grid (8) can be adjusted in that the residual grid support (13) and the separating device for carrying out the preparatory separating process and/or the residual grid support (13) and the separating device for carrying out the final separating process can be adjusted relative to one another about an adjusting axis (20) which runs perpendicular to the support plane formed by the residual grid support (13). Mechanical arrangement according to claim 11 , characterized in that the cutting device (6, 11) has a separating device for carrying out the preparatory separating process and a separating device for carrying out the final separating process Mechanical arrangement according to claim 12 , characterized in that a laser cutting device (6) is provided as the separating device for carrying out the preparatory separating process. Mechanical arrangement according to claim 12 or claim 13 , characterized in that a guillotine shear (11) is provided as the separating device for carrying out the final separating process, with a cutting edge (14) provided as a separating tool, which runs along the separating line (18) provided as the cutting line of the final separating process over the entire dimension of the residual grid (8) extending along the cutting line of the final separating process. Mechanical installation with a mechanical processing device (4), by means of which a plate-shaped workpiece (1), in particular a sheet metal, can be separated to produce a residual grid (8), and with a mechanical arrangement for dividing the residual grid (8), characterized in that the mechanical arrangement for dividing the residual grid (8) is designed according to one of the Claims 11 until 14 trained.

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