DE102023104024A1 - Transducer unit - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a sound transducer unit (1), in particular for an in-ear earphone, with an electrodynamic sound transducer (2) which has a first membrane (10), preferably with a membrane opening (42), and with at least one MEMS sound transducer (3) which has a second membrane (30).

Description

The present invention relates to a sound transducer unit, in particular for an in-ear headphone, with an electrodynamic sound transducer having a first membrane with a membrane breakthrough, and with at least one MEMS sound transducer having a second membrane.

In the WO 2022/121740 A1 A sound transducer unit with an electrodynamic and a MEMS sound transducer is disclosed.

The object of the present invention is to create a compact sound transducer unit consisting of an electrodynamic and MEMS sound transducer.

The problem is solved by a sound transducer unit, an electronic unit and the use of the sound transducer unit according to the independent patent claims.

A sound transducer unit is proposed, in particular for in-ear headphones or earphones, with an electrodynamic sound transducer that has a first membrane with a membrane breakthrough, and with at least one MEMS sound transducer that has a second membrane. The sound transducer unit can also be used for other electronic components. An electronic component can be the in-ear earphone already described, but also a smartphone, laptop, tablet, smartwatch, etc.

The MEMS sound transducer is advantageously integrated into the electrodynamic sound transducer in such a way that the sound waves generated by the second membrane can be discharged from the sound transducer unit via the membrane breakthrough. This allows the sound transducer unit to be made compact. The sound waves of the MEMS sound transducer are discharged through the membrane breakthrough so that they are only slightly disturbed and the sound quality remains high.

It also has advantages if the electrodynamic sound transducer is arranged around the at least one MEMS sound transducer. The electrodynamic sound transducer thus encloses the MEMS sound transducer. The MEMS sound transducer is arranged inside the electrodynamic sound transducer so that the sound transducer unit is compact.

It is also advantageous if the first membrane is ring-shaped. This allows sound waves to be emitted with little distortion using the first membrane of the electrodynamic sound transducer. In particular, the first membrane is disk-shaped with a preferably round hole, in particular in the middle.

It is also advantageous if the electrodynamic sound transducer is ring-shaped. This means that the electrodynamic sound transducer has a through hole through which at least the sound waves of the MEMS sound transducer can be guided at least partially. The electrodynamic sound transducer can also have the shape of a torus.

It is also advantageous if the MEMS sound transducer is arranged in a through hole of the electrodynamic sound transducer designed as a ring. As a result, the sound transducer unit is compact because the MEMS sound transducer is arranged inside the electrodynamic sound transducer. The size of the sound transducer unit is thus determined by the size of the electrodynamic sound transducer. If the electrodynamic sound transducer has the shape of a torus, the MEMS sound transducer can also be arranged in a through hole of the torus. In this case, the shape of the electrodynamic sound transducer can also resemble the shape of a torus. The electrodynamic sound transducer can have a torus-like shape.

It is also advantageous if the sound transducer unit comprises a sound conducting element, in particular a sound conducting tube. The sound waves generated by the MEMS sound transducer can be guided with the aid of the sound conducting element. The sound conducting element can be, for example, a sound conducting tube or a sound conducting channel. Additionally or alternatively, it is advantageous if the sound conducting element extends through the electrodynamic sound transducer and/or through the membrane opening, thus also through the first membrane. By means of the sound conducting element, the sound waves of the MEMS sound transducer can be guided past the electrodynamic sound transducer and/or the first membrane of the electrodynamic sound transducer and/or other components. As a result, resonances, diffraction and/or interference on the electrodynamic sound transducer, on the first membrane and/or with sound waves of the electrodynamic sound transducer can be avoided.

It is also advantageous if the sound-conducting element protrudes beyond the first membrane and/or is designed as an extension that protrudes beyond the first membrane. As a result, the sound waves of the MEMS sound transducer can be guided past the first membrane.

It is also advantageous if the sound-conducting element is straight or curved. This allows the sound from the MEMS transducer to be guided to a desired position.

It is also advantageous if the sound transducer unit has a transducer cavity in which the MEMS sound transducer and/or an electronic unit is arranged. The transducer cavity can be formed at least partially by the through hole of the ring-shaped electrodynamic sound transducer. The transducer cavity can be arranged inside the electrodynamic sound transducer so that the sound transducer unit is designed to be compact. The transducer cavity serves as a receiving space for the MEMS sound transducer and/or the electronic unit.

It is advantageous if the transducer cavity is surrounded in the radial direction by a magnet unit, in particular a magnet, of the electrodynamic sound transducer. The magnet unit can directly surround the transducer cavity. The magnet unit thus limits the transducer cavity. This saves additional components, so that the sound transducer unit can be designed to be compact and lightweight.

Additionally or alternatively, it is advantageous if the MEMS sound transducer and/or the electronic unit is arranged in the axial direction of the sound transducer unit at the level of the magnet unit, in particular the magnet. The magnet unit, in particular the magnet, thus extends in the radial direction around the MEMS sound transducer and/or the electronic unit. The magnet unit, in particular the magnet, and the MEMS sound transducer and/or the electronic unit thus overlap at least partially, in particular completely, in the axial direction of the sound transducer unit.

It is advantageous if the MEMS sound transducer, the electronic unit, the holder and/or the sound conducting element have an overlap area in the axial direction of the sound transducer unit with a magnet unit, in particular a magnet, of the electrodynamic sound transducer, a coil of the electrodynamic sound transducer and/or a transducer housing of the sound transducer unit. In the axial direction, the MEMS sound transducer and the magnet unit, in particular the magnet, thus overlap. The magnet unit, in particular the magnet, thus surrounds the MEMS sound transducer, with both overlapping in the axial direction at least in one section.

It is also advantageous if the MEMS sound transducer is arranged on the holder of the sound transducer unit and/or on the magnet unit, in particular on the first pole element, of the electrodynamic sound transducer. Additionally or alternatively, the MEMS sound transducer and the holder and/or the magnet unit, in particular the first pole element, can have a contact surface. The MEMS sound transducer is preferably connected to the holder and/or the magnet unit, in particular the first pole element. For example, the MEMS sound transducer is glued together with the holder and/or the magnet unit, in particular the first pole element. The contact surface can here at least partially be an adhesive surface.

It is advantageous if the electronic unit has an electronic feedthrough that is connected to a MEMS cavity of the MEMS sound transducer. The electronic feedthrough is used to ensure that pressure equalization can take place when the second membrane moves. The electronic feedthrough can be used to establish a connection to a rear volume of the MEMS sound transducer or the in-ear earphone or to form the rear volume.

Furthermore, it is advantageous if a sound propagation axis of the electrodynamic sound transducer and a sound propagation axis of the MEMS sound transducer are arranged coaxially to one another, in particular in the axial direction of the sound transducer unit.

It is also advantageous if a damping material is arranged on the outside of the sound-conducting element. Additionally or alternatively, the damping material can also be arranged on at least one spacer. The damping material is preferably arranged between the sound-conducting element and a surrounding housing part, ear part, housing or section of the electronic component, particularly when the sound transducer unit is arranged in the intended manner. With the help of the damping material, the sound waves emitted by the electrodynamic sound transducer can be dampened and/or their sound can be influenced.

It is advantageous if the sound transducer unit comprises a circuit board which is designed in such a way that a first rear volume of the electrodynamic sound transducer is open. Additionally or alternatively, the circuit board can close a second rear volume of the MEMS sound transducer. This can prevent the sound transducers from overlapping or influencing each other, in particular interfering, in the rear volume of both sound transducers. The sound waves of the electrodynamic sound transducer can be directed into an area behind the circuit board, whereas the sound waves of the MEMS sound transducer are held back.

It is advantageous if the circuit board is arranged on a side of the sound transducer unit facing away from the first and/or second membrane and/or the sound conducting element. As a result, the circuit board is arranged on a rear side. The membrane is arranged on the front of the sound transducer unit.

It is advantageous if the circuit board comprises at least one connection. Electrical signals and/or a power supply can be fed to the sound transducer unit via the at least one connection. In this case, the at least one connection can be designed as a flexible connection section. The connection can, for example, be designed as a flex PCB. The connection can then be rotated so that the connection can be formed from different directions. Additionally or alternatively, the at least one connection can also be designed as a plug. For example, a plug and a flexible connection section can also be arranged. For example, an electrical power supply can be provided via the plug and the electrical signals can be fed via the flexible connection section.

Also proposed is a sound transducer unit, in particular for an in-ear earphone, with an electrodynamic sound transducer having a first membrane and with at least one MEMS sound transducer having a second membrane. The sound transducer unit can have at least one feature of the preceding and/or following description.

An electronic component, in particular an in-ear earphone, with a sound transducer unit according to the above description is proposed, whereby the features mentioned can be present individually or in any combination. The electronic component can also be a smartphone, tablet, laptop, etc.

It is advantageous if the electronic component has an outlet opening and/or that a sound-conducting element extends from a membrane opening to the outlet opening. The sound-conducting element thus guides the sound waves of the MEMS sound transducer through the electronic component. Interaction of the sound waves generated by the MEMS sound transducer with the interior of the electronic component is thus avoided.

It is advantageous if the sound transducer unit has at least one microphone, by means of which at least the sound waves and/or ambient noise generated by the electrodynamic sound transducer can be recorded. By recording the sound waves of the electrodynamic sound transducer, it is possible to monitor whether it is functioning correctly and/or whether the sound waves have a high sound quality. If the ambient noise is recorded, active noise cancellation can be carried out. An anti-noise is generated that cancels out the ambient noise and thus suppresses it.
It is also advantageous if a damping material is arranged on the outside of the sound-conducting element. Additionally or alternatively, the damping material can also be arranged on at least one spacer. The damping material is preferably arranged between the sound-conducting element and a surrounding housing part, ear part, housing or section of the electronic component, particularly when the sound transducer unit is arranged in the intended manner. With the help of the damping material, the sound waves emitted by the electrodynamic sound transducer can be dampened and/or their sound can be influenced.

It is advantageous if the sound transducer unit has. The at least one sealing element can be arranged on a peripheral side of the sound transducer unit. This allows the sound transducer unit to be inserted into a housing, for example an earpiece, of the electronic component so that no moisture and/or no sound can get past the sound transducer unit. In particular, the sound transducer unit can thus separate two spaces from one another in such a way that they are sealed against moisture and/or sound waves. The sealing element can be, for example, a sealing ring, which is preferably made of rubber or silicone.

It is advantageous if the sound transducer unit comprises at least one connection. Furthermore, the electronics unit and/or a circuit board can also have the at least one connection. Electrical signals and/or a power supply can be fed to the sound transducer unit via the at least one connection. In this case, the at least one connection can be designed as a flexible connection section. The connection can, for example, be designed as a flex PCB. The connection can then be rotated so that the connection can be formed from different directions. Additionally or alternatively, the at least one connection can also be designed as a plug. For example, a plug and a flexible connection section can also be arranged. For example, an electrical power supply can be provided via the plug and the electrical signals can be fed via the flexible connection section.

The use of a sound transducer unit in an electronic component is proposed. Advantageously, the sound transducer unit and/or the electronic component is designed according to the preceding description, wherein the features mentioned can be present individually or in combination.

The sound transducer unit can comprise a woofer, a tweeter, an electronic unit and a sound conducting element for in-ear headphones or in-ear phones, for example. The woofer can have a "donut" shape, with an open space and/or a through hole and/or the transducer cavity, preferably in the middle. The MEMS tweeter is inserted into this space.

A sound guide element is connected to the tweeter in order to direct the sound from the tweeter more directly to the output of the in-ear earphone or the electronic component. This makes acoustic sense, as the high frequencies of the tweeter can reach the outlet opening of the in-ear earphone or the electronic component unfiltered and undisturbed by the sound of the woofer.

The electronics unit can be installed directly under the tweeter and provides the necessary amplification of the audio signal for the tweeter.

A microphone (for active noise cancelling) can be arranged in an area next to the sound-conducting element via a flex circuit board or a PCB. The sound transducer unit comprises at least one microphone. The microphone can be assigned to the electrodynamic sound transducer so that the microphone can record the sound waves generated by the electrodynamic sound transducer. This allows the sound quality to be monitored. In addition or alternatively, ambient noise can also be recorded using the microphone. This can be used to create an anti-noise that can be generated by the electrodynamic sound transducer and/or the MEMS sound transducer to cancel out the ambient noise so that the ambient noise is suppressed.

• - Am Ausgang des Schallleitelements kann ein Standard-Mesh-Material angebracht werden. Dadurch wird eine gewisse Reibung (Dämpfung) auf beiden Schallwegen, sowohl beim Tieftöner als auch beim Hochtöner, erreicht.
• - Zwischen Abstandshaltern zwischen dem Schallleitelement und einem Ohrteil und dem Abdichtelement kann ein Schaumstoff angebracht werden, um den Tieftöner zusätzlich zu dämpfen.

The sound guide element can direct the sound of the tweeter directly to the output of the in-ear earphone or the electronic component. The sound guide element is held by a structure or holder that can be adapted to the sound of the woofer. This will allow easy fine-tuning. It will also allow the use of 2 different damping materials:

• - A standard mesh material can be attached to the output of the sound guide element. This achieves a certain friction (damping) on both sound paths, both the woofer and the tweeter.
• - A foam can be placed between spacers between the sound conducting element and an earpiece and the sealing element to provide additional damping for the woofer.

One of the typical use cases in terms of electrical control is the following: The Bluetooth chip will act as an electrical audio source in a TWS (True Wireless Headphone) earphone or the electronic component. It contains an amplifier for typical electrodynamic headphone speakers. To use this amplified signal for the electrodynamic woofer and add a MEMS tweeter, the signal must be passed through a crossover. There, the signal is split into low frequencies for the woofer and high frequencies for the tweeter. The former can be applied directly to the electrodynamic woofer. The latter are fed into the tweeter amplifier. The tweeter's signal is amplified and used to drive the MEMS tweeter.

The additional amplification for the MEMS tweeter is required for two reasons: First, the MEMS represents a different electrical load, which can cause problems when using standard amplifiers for electrodynamic loudspeakers. Second, the required voltage level for the MEMS tweeter is about a factor of ten higher than for the electrodynamic woofer.

The combination of the electrodynamic woofer and the MEMS tweeter is a coaxial design for an in-ear earphone or telephone application or for the electronic component.

A “donut-shaped” electrodynamic woofer with an integrated MEMS tweeter in the center forms a coaxial loudspeaker for in-ear headphones, in-ear phones or for electronic components.

An electrodynamic woofer with a ring-shaped magnet and an integrated MEMS tweeter in the center, forming a coaxial loudspeaker for an in-ear earphone or phone application or for electronic components.

A "donut-shaped" electrodynamic woofer with an integrated MEMS tweeter in the center, containing a circuit board with control electronics and forming a coaxial loudspeaker for an in-ear earphone or telephone application or for electronic components.

A sound transducer unit comprising a "donut-shaped" electrodynamic woofer, an integrated MEMS tweeter in the center, including a circuit board with control electronics, and a feedback microphone, thereby forming a coaxial loudspeaker for an in-ear earphone or telephone application or for electronic components.

• - Einsetzen eines (MEMS-)Hochtöners in einen „donutförmigen“ elektrodynamischen Tieftöner von der Rückseite. Ermöglicht einfache elektrische Anschlüsse an der Rückseite.
• - Integration einer Leiterplatte mit Ansteuerelektronik in die Schallwandlereinheit des koaxialen In-Ear-Hörers oder des Elektronikbauteils.
• - Integration eines MEMS-Hochtöners und einer Leiterplatte mit Elektronikeinheit in ein Inneres eines elektrodynamischen Tieftöners.
• - Einbau eines (MEMS-)Hochtöners mit Leiterplatte und Elektronikeinheit in einen elektrodynamischen Tieftöner von der Rückseite. Ermöglicht einfache elektrische Anschlüsse auf der Rückseite.
• - Kombination eines ringförmigen Magneten für den elektrodynamischen Tieftöner mit der Integration des MEMS-Hochtöners in den verfügbaren Platz in der Mitte eines Lautsprechermoduls.
• - Einen Halter, der 3 Funktionen vereint: die Aufnahme des Schallleitelements („Schallführung“), des Innenrings bzw. des inneren Membranträgers der Tieftönermembran und des MEMS-Hochtöners.
• - Ein Halter in der Mitte des Schallwandlereinheit, der drei Funktionen vereint: Er hält das Schallleitelement („Sound Guide“), den Innenring bzw. den inneren Membranträger der Tieftönermembran und den MEMS-Hochtöner. Er ermöglicht es, den Schallweg des Hochtöners und der Tieftonmembran separat zu optimieren. Außerdem stellt es eine effiziente Methode für den Zusammenbau dar.
• - Das Schallleitelement, das den Schall direkt an den Ausgang eines In-Ear-Hörers oder des Elektronikbauteils für den Hochtöner weiterleitet.
• - Die Ohrhörermuschel bzw. das Ohrteil hat Abstandshalter, die das Schallleitelement in Position halten.
• - Die Stege bzw. die Abstandshalter, die die Schallleitelement halten, können in Form und Größe angepasst werden, um die Schallleistung des Tieftöners zu optimieren.
• - Die Brücken bzw. die Abstandshalter ermöglichen die Integration von zusätzlichem Dämpfungsschaumstoff in den Schallweg des Tieftöners, zusätzlich zu dem herkömmlichen Ausgangsnetz bzw. des Abdichtelements.
• - Eine Schaltung, die das Hochtönersignal von einem bereits verstärkten Vollbereichssignal trennt.
• - Verwendung des verstärkten Signals für einen elektrodynamischen Lautsprecher, um ein 2-Wege-System zu schaffen, indem ein separater Verstärker für den MEMS-Hochtöner verwendet wird.
• - Verwendung einer passiven Frequenzweiche für ein verstärktes Signal und Einspeisung der Signale einmal direkt in einen Tieftöner und zum anderen in einen weiteren dedizierten Verstärker für den Hochtöner.
• - Audiomodul mit einem elektrodynamischen - und einem MEMS-Lautsprecher, das ein bereits verstärktes Audiosignal empfängt und die Frequenzweiche sowie die anschließende zusätzliche Verstärkung für das Signal des MEMS-Lautsprechers übernimmt.

The sound conducting element can also be a sound tube or be designed in such a way.

• - Inserting a (MEMS) tweeter into a "donut-shaped" electrodynamic woofer from the rear. Allows easy electrical connections at the rear.
• - Integration of a circuit board with control electronics into the transducer unit of the coaxial in-ear earphone or the electronic component.
• - Integration of a MEMS tweeter and a circuit board with electronics unit into the interior of an electrodynamic woofer.
• - Installation of a (MEMS) tweeter with circuit board and electronics unit into an electrodynamic woofer from the rear. Enables easy electrical connections on the rear.
• - Combination of a ring-shaped magnet for the electrodynamic woofer with the integration of the MEMS tweeter into the available space in the center of a loudspeaker module.
• - A holder that combines 3 functions: the holder for the sound conducting element (“sound guide”), the inner ring or the inner membrane carrier of the woofer membrane and the MEMS tweeter.
• - A holder in the middle of the transducer unit that combines three functions: It holds the sound guide, the inner ring or inner membrane carrier of the woofer membrane and the MEMS tweeter. It allows the sound path of the tweeter and the woofer membrane to be optimized separately. It also represents an efficient method for assembly.
• - The sound conducting element that transmits the sound directly to the output of an in-ear earphone or the electronic component for the tweeter.
• - The earpiece or earpiece has spacers that hold the sound conducting element in position.
• - The bars or spacers that hold the sound guide elements can be adjusted in shape and size to optimize the sound output of the woofer.
• - The bridges or spacers allow the integration of additional damping foam into the sound path of the woofer, in addition to the conventional output net or sealing element.
• - A circuit that separates the tweeter signal from an already amplified full-range signal.
• - Using the amplified signal for an electrodynamic loudspeaker to create a 2-way system by using a separate amplifier for the MEMS tweeter.
• - Using a passive crossover for an amplified signal and feeding the signals once directly into a woofer and the other into another dedicated amplifier for the tweeter.
• - Audio module with an electrodynamic and a MEMS loudspeaker, which receives an already amplified audio signal and takes over the crossover and the subsequent additional amplification for the signal from the MEMS loudspeaker.

• 1 einen Querschnitt einer Schallwandlereinheit mit einem elektrodynamischen und einem MEMS-Schallwandler,
• 2 einen Querschnitt des MEMS-Schallwandlers,
• 3 einen Querschnitt eines In-Ear Hörer mit der Schallwandlereinheit in einem Hörergehäuse,
• 4 einen Querschnitt des elektrodynamischen Schallwandlers,
• 5 ein Blockschaltbild zumindest eines Teils der Elektronikeinheit,
• 6 einen Querschnitt des elektrodynamischen Schallwandlers mit dem MEMS-Schallwandler,
• 7 eine Draufsicht auf einen MEMS-Schallwandler,
• 8 ein Querschnitt einer Schallwandlereinheit mit einer Leiterplatte,
• 9 einen Querschnitt des In-Ear Hörers bzw. der Schallwandlereinheit mit einem Ausführungsbeispiel eines Abstandshalters und mit zumindest einem Dichtelement und
• 10 ein Querschnitt einer Schallwandlereinheit mit einer Leiterplatte.

Further advantages of the invention are described in the following embodiments. They show:

• 1 a cross-section of a transducer unit with an electrodynamic and a MEMS transducer,
• 2 a cross-section of the MEMS transducer,
• 3 a cross-section of an in-ear earphone with the transducer unit in a earphone housing,
• 4 a cross-section of the electrodynamic transducer,
• 5 a block diagram of at least part of the electronic unit,
• 6 a cross-section of the electrodynamic transducer with the MEMS transducer,
• 7 a top view of a MEMS transducer,
• 8th a cross-section of a transducer unit with a circuit board,
• 9 a cross-section of the in-ear earphone or the sound transducer unit with an embodiment of a spacer and with at least one sealing element and
• 10 a cross-section of a transducer unit with a circuit board.

1 shows a sound transducer unit 1 with an electrodynamic sound transducer 2 and a MEMS sound transducer 3. The sound transducer unit 1 can be used, for example, in in-ear headphones 34. Such in-ear headphones 34 are used and employed, for example, as hearing aids, for communication, for example for making phone calls, or for listening to music. The in-ear headphones 34, as shown in 3 shown, can be inserted at least partially into the auditory canal of an ear. The sound transducer unit 1 can also be used in smartphones or other electronic components. The 3 The in-ear earphone 34 shown is an example of an electronic component. The sound transducer unit 1 can also be used in smartphones, laptops, tablets, smart watches, etc.

The sound transducer unit 1 has an axial direction 21 and a radial direction 22.

The sound transducer unit 1 comprises a transducer housing 4. The electrodynamic sound transducer 2 and/or the MEMS surge transducer 3 are at least partially arranged in the transducer housing 4. The electrodynamic sound transducer 2 can also be referred to here as a woofer, since the electrodynamic sound transducer 2 or the woofer in the present sound transducer unit 1 is mainly intended to generate low tones. Such low tones have a frequency of approximately 20 Hz to 1000 Hz, for example. The electrodynamic sound transducer 2 thus serves as a woofer in the present sound transducer unit 1. In contrast, the at least one MEMS sound transducer 3 in the present sound transducer unit 1 can be referred to as a tweeter. The MEMS sound transducer 3 generates sound in the sound transducer unit 1 with a frequency that is in particular higher than that of the electrodynamic sound transducer 2 or the woofer or the bass speaker. For example, the MEMS sound transducer 3 generates sound or tones with a frequency between approximately 500 Hz and 20 kHz. In the present description, the electrodynamic sound transducer 2 can therefore also be referred to as a woofer. The MEMS sound transducer 3 can also be referred to as a tweeter in the present description.

The MEMS transducer 3 is described in more detail in 2 shown.

The electrodynamic sound transducer 2 or the woofer 2 comprises at least one pole element 5, 6. According to the present embodiment, the woofer 2 comprises a first and a second pole element 5, 6. A magnet 7, which is preferably a permanent magnet, is arranged between the two pole elements 5, 6. The magnet 7 generates a magnetic field and the two pole elements 5, 6 guide and/or concentrate the magnetic flux of the magnet 7. At least the at least one pole element 5, 6 and the magnet 7 together form a magnet unit 52. The magnet unit 52, in particular the at least one pole element 5, 6 and/or the magnet 7, can be ring-shaped.

The electrodynamic and MEMS sound transducers 2, 3 are arranged coaxially to each other. The sound propagation direction of the electrodynamic and MEMS sound transducers 2, 3 can also be coaxial to each other. In the present 1 the sound of the electrodynamic and MEMS sound transducers 2, 3 is emitted in the axial direction 21 and here upwards. Thus, the corresponding sound propagation directions are also oriented in the axial direction 21 and here upwards.

The two pole elements 5, 6 shown here are arranged at a distance from one another in an axial direction 21 of the sound transducer unit 1. Additionally or alternatively, the two pole elements 5, 6 are spaced from one another in a radial direction 22 of the sound transducer unit 1. A magnetic gap 14 is also arranged between the two pole elements 5, 6 spaced apart in the radial direction 22. Additionally or alternatively, the magnetic gap 14 is arranged in the radial direction 22 between the first pole element 5 and the magnet 7. A coil 8 of the woofer 2 is arranged in this magnetic gap 14. The coil 8 is immersed in the magnetic gap 14. The coil 8 is acted upon by an electrical signal and an electrical current flows through it. The electrical signal corresponds to the sounds generated by the electrodynamic sound transducer 2 or by the woofer 2 when the electrodynamic sound transducer 2 is operated as a loudspeaker. The electric current in the coil 8 generated by the electric signal also leads to a magnetic field, which interacts with the magnetic field of the magnet 7 and/or the pole elements 5, 6. Since the magnet 7 and/or the pole elements 5, 6 are fixed, the coil 8 moves.

The movement of the coil 8 is transmitted to a membrane unit 9, whereby the membrane unit 9 causes air arranged above it to vibrate in accordance with the movement of the coil 8. The membrane unit 9 consequently generates the sound.

The membrane unit 9 comprises a first membrane 10 for generating sound, which is connected to the coil 8 by means of a coupling unit 11, so that the movement of the coil 8 can be transmitted to the first membrane 10. Since the electrodynamic Since the mixed sound transducer 2 is mainly used to generate low tones, the first membrane 10 can also be referred to as a woofer membrane. The membrane unit 9 further comprises an inner membrane carrier 12 and an outer membrane carrier 13. The inner membrane carrier 12 is arranged on the inside in the radial direction 22 and the outer membrane carrier 13 is arranged on the outside in the radial direction 22. The first membrane 10 is stretched between the two membrane carriers 12, 13. The first membrane 10 and/or the membrane unit 9 thus has the shape of a perforated disk. The membrane unit 9 and/or the first membrane 10 has a membrane opening 42 which is arranged in a central region, in particular the middle, of the first membrane 10 and/or the membrane unit 9. Furthermore, the inner membrane carrier 12 surrounds the membrane opening 42. The inner and/or the outer membrane carrier 12, 13 can be ring-shaped. As a result, the first membrane 10 has a round shape with a round hole in a central region. The outer membrane carrier 13 is arranged on the converter housing 4. The inner membrane carrier 12 is arranged on the holder 15. The first membrane 10 or the membrane unit 9 can be ring-shaped.

Furthermore, the sound transducer unit 1 has a transducer cavity 41 in which the MEMS sound transducer 3 is arranged. The woofer 2 can also have the transducer cavity 41. The transducer cavity 41 is in 4 better shown, since the MEMS transducer 3 is omitted. The woofer 2 thus extends around the MEMS transducer 3. The MEMS transducer 3 is arranged within the electrodynamic transducer 2. The MEMS transducer 3 is arranged in the middle of the electrodynamic transducer 2. The electrodynamic transducer 2 encloses the MEMS transducer 3. This achieves a very compact design of the transducer unit 1.

According to the present embodiment, the first pole element 5 and/or the magnet 7 or the magnet unit 52 encloses the transducer cavity 41. The transducer cavity 41 is arranged within the first pole element 5 and/or the magnet 7 or the magnet unit 52.

According to the present exemplary embodiment, at least the MEMS sound transducer 3 and the magnet unit 52, in particular the magnet 7 and/or the first pole element 5, are arranged at the same height in the axial direction 21 of the sound transducer unit 1. The MEMS sound transducer 3 and the magnet unit 52, in particular the magnet 7, have an overlap section in the axial direction 21. The MEMS sound transducer 3 and the magnet unit 52, in particular the magnet 7, thus overlap in the axial direction 21.

As further stated in the 1 As shown, the MEMS sound transducer 3 and the electrodynamic sound transducer 2 are arranged coaxially to one another. The electrodynamic sound transducer 2 is arranged in the radial direction 22 around the MEMS sound transducer 2.

The electrodynamic sound transducer 2, in particular the magnet unit 52, further has the shape of a torus or resembles a torus. Alternatively, the electrodynamic sound transducer 2, in particular the magnet unit 52, has a ring shape. The electrodynamic sound transducer 2 forms an outer layer of the sound transducer unit 1 and the MEMS sound transducer 3 forms a core. The electrodynamic sound transducer 2 has the shape of a donut. The membrane opening 42 and/or the transducer cavity 41 and/or the sound cavity 17 explained below form the opening or the through hole of the torus or the donut or the electrodynamic sound transducer 2. The membrane opening 42 is better in 4 Preferably, the sound cavity 17 is made as small as possible or omitted, since this influences the sound quality.

The sound transducer unit 1 further comprises a holder 15. According to the present exemplary embodiment, the holder 15 is arranged on the first pole element 5 or on the magnet unit 52 or rests on it. The inner membrane carrier 12 is also arranged on the holder 15. The holder 15 thus connects the inner membrane carrier 12 to the first pole element 5. The holder 15 supports the inner membrane carrier 12. The MEMS sound transducer 3 is also at least partially arranged on the inner membrane carrier 12 and/or on the first pole element 5. The MEMS sound transducer 3, the first pole element 5, the inner membrane carrier 12 and/or the sound conducting element 16 explained below can be arranged on the holder 15. The holder 15 is preferably made of plastic.

A sound-conducting element 16 is also arranged on the holder 15. For example, the sound-conducting element 16 can be glued to the holder 15. The sound generated by the MEMS sound transducer 3 can be conducted using the sound-conducting element 16. Higher tones are thus conducted using the sound-conducting element 16 in comparison to the sound waves of the woofer 2. In particular, the sound can be conducted past the sound of the electrodynamic sound transducer 2 using the sound-conducting element 16. Interference or diffraction on components is thus avoided. According to 3 The sound of the MEMS transducer 3 can thus be emitted directly into the ear canal or The sound conducting element 16 can be designed as a tube or hose with preferably a round cross-section. The sound conducting element 16 can also be a sound conducting channel. The sound conducting element 16 is also a waveguide.

The sound conducting element 16 is also arranged in such a way that the sound waves of the woofer 2 are guided around the sound conducting element 16. In contrast, the sound waves of the MEMS sound transducer 3 are guided in the sound conducting element 16. As a result, the sound conducting element 16 can separate the sound waves of the electrodynamic sound transducer 2 and the sound waves of the MEMS sound transducer 3 from one another.

Furthermore, the sound-conducting element 16 can be arranged coaxially to the woofer 2 and/or the tweeter 3. The sound-conducting element 16 extends through the membrane feedthrough 42 through the first membrane 10. The first membrane 10 is arranged around the sound-conducting element 16.

Preferably, however, the woofer 2 and the tweeter 3 are coaxial with each other. Furthermore, the sound guide element 16 can be offset in the radial direction 22 to the tweeter 3 and/or woofer 2, i.e. be off-center. This can be advantageous if the space is needed for other components. With the help of the sound guide element 16, the sound from the tweeter 3 can be guided past other components. For this purpose, the sound guide element 16 can be offset in the radial direction so that it is no longer coaxial with the woofer 2 and/or tweeter 3.

Furthermore, a sound cavity 17 can be provided, which is arranged here between the MEMS sound transducer 3 and the sound guide element 16. This can also at least partially form a front volume of the tweeter 3.

The sound transducer unit 1 further comprises an electronics unit 18, by means of which the sound transducer unit 1 can be operated. The electronics unit 18 can comprise a Bluetooth chip 49, via which audio signals can be introduced, by means of which the sound is generated. The Bluetooth chip 49 can also be arranged outside the electronics unit 18, for example in an external unit. The electronics unit 18 can further comprise a crossover 50, in particular connected to the Bluetooth chip 49, which splits the audio signal into a first signal part for the electrodynamic sound transducer 2 and a second signal part for the MEMS sound transducer 3. The crossover 50 can also duplicate the audio signal, namely into the first and second signal parts. The first signal part is passed to the woofer 2 and can in particular be such that it does not have to be amplified. For this purpose, a first amplifier 48 can be provided which is part of the electronic unit 18 or which, like the Bluetooth chip 49, is arranged outside the electronic unit 18, for example in an external unit. In particular, the first amplifier 48 can supply the electronic unit 18 with an already amplified signal which can be supplied to the electrodynamic sound transducer 2, in particular after passing through the crossover 50. Further amplification of the signal for the electrodynamic sound transducer 2 can thus be dispensed with, so that the electronic unit 18 can be made very small.

The electronic unit 18 can have a second amplifier 51, namely a tweeter amplifier or MEMS amplifier, by means of which the second signal part for the tweeter 3 is amplified. The signal amplified by the second amplifier 51 is then fed to the tweeter 3. A block diagram of at least part of the electronic unit 18 is shown in 5 shown.

The electronics unit 18 preferably has an electronics feedthrough 19, which at least partially forms a rear volume of the tweeter 3. In addition, pressure equalization can take place in this way.

In order to achieve pressure equalization, the first pole element 5 can additionally or alternatively have at least one pole feedthrough 20, which can be designed as a hole or bore. Several pole feedthroughs 20a, 20b are shown here.

As can be seen here, the sound transducer unit 1 is rotationally symmetrical. In particular, the electrodynamic sound transducer 2, in particular the magnet unit 52, the magnet 7, the first and/or second pole element 5, 6, the coil 7, the membrane unit 9, the first membrane 10 and/or the inner and/or outer membrane carrier 12, 13 are round and/or rotationally symmetrical. Additionally or alternatively, the holder 15 is round and/or rotationally symmetrical. Additionally or alternatively, the coupling unit 11 is round and/or rotationally symmetrical. Additionally or alternatively, the transducer housing 4 is round and/or rotationally symmetrical.

Furthermore, as can be seen here, a first contact surface 56 is arranged and/or formed between the MEMS sound transducer 3 and the magnet unit 52, in particular the first pole element 5. The MEMS sound transducer 3 is thus arranged on the magnet unit 52, in particular on the first pole element 5. Additionally or alternatively, a second contact surface 57 can be arranged between the MEMS sound transducer 3 and the holder 15. net and/or designed. The MEMS sound transducer 3 is thus arranged on the holder 15.

The MEMS sound transducer 3 can be connected to the magnet unit 52, in particular the first pole element 5, and/or the holder 15 by means of the first and/or second contact surface 56, 57. The first and/or second contact surface 56, 57 can be an adhesive surface, for example, so that the MEMS sound transducer 3 is glued to the magnet unit 52, in particular to the first pole element 5, and/or to the holder 15.

Furthermore, the MEMS sound transducer 3 rests on the holder 15 and/or on the magnet unit 52, in particular on the first pole element 5, on a side facing away from the first membrane 10. The first membrane 10 is thus arranged on one side and the MEMS sound transducer 3 on the other side of the holder 15 and/or the magnet unit 52, in particular the first pole element 5.

Features that have already been described in at least one previous figure cannot be explained again for the sake of simplicity. Furthermore, features can also only be described in this or in at least one of the subsequent figures. Furthermore, for the sake of simplicity, the same reference numerals are used for identical features. Furthermore, for the sake of clarity, not all features can be shown in the following figures and/or provided with a reference numeral. However, features shown in one or more of the previous figures can also be present in this or in one or more of the subsequent figures. Furthermore, for the sake of clarity, features can also only be shown in this or in one or more of the subsequent figures and/or provided with a reference numeral. Nevertheless, features that are only shown in one or more of the subsequent figures can also already be present in this or a previous figure.

2 shows a cross section of the MEMS sound transducer 3. The tweeter 3 comprises a carrier substrate 23 and at least one carrier layer 24 arranged thereon. At least one piezo layer 25 is arranged on the carrier substrate 23 and/or on the at least one carrier layer 24. Here, the tweeter 3 has two carrier layers 24a, 24b and two piezo layers 25a, 25b. The at least one carrier layer 24 and the at least one piezo layer 25 are arranged one above the other in the axial direction 21.

The at least one piezo layer 25 deflects according to the electrical signal applied thereto, causing the air to vibrate and thereby generating the sound.

The tweeter 3 further comprises a coupling element 26, which is connected to the at least one piezo layer 25 and/or the carrier layer 24 via at least one spring element 27. The coupling element 26 can transmit the deflection of the at least one piezo layer 25 to a MEMS membrane unit 29. A coupling plate 28 is arranged between the coupling element 26 and the MEMS membrane unit 29, so that the deflection transmitted by the coupling element 26 is transmitted flatly to the MEMS membrane unit 29.

The MEMS membrane unit 29 comprises at least one second membrane 30, which can cause the air to vibrate, so that the sound is generated according to the deflection of the at least one piezo layer 25. Furthermore, the MEMS membrane unit 29 can comprise a MEMS membrane frame 31 on which the second membrane 30 is arranged. The MEMS membrane frame 31 can also be round or square.

The MEMS sound transducer 3 can further comprise a cover 32 which is arranged on the MEMS membrane unit 29 and/or on the carrier substrate 23. The cover 32 forms a lid of the tweeter 3. The cover 32 has a cover passage 33 so that the generated sound can escape. The cover passage 33 can also form at least partially, in particular completely, the front volume of the tweeter 3.

The MEMS transducer 3 further comprises a MEMS cavity 54. When the MEMS transducer 3 is used as in 1 shown, is arranged in the sound transducer unit 1, the electronics feedthrough 19 connects. The MEMS cavity 54 thus has, as in 3 , makes contact with the closure part cavity 45. As a result, the electronics feedthrough 19 and/or the closure part cavity 45 forms a rear volume of the MEMS sound transducer 3.

Furthermore, the MEMS sound transducer 3 comprises a MEMS circuit board 60. This MEMS circuit board 60 is assigned to the MEMS sound transducer 3. With the help of the MEMS circuit board 60, for example, electrical signals can be conducted to the piezo layers 24 or the electrical signals can be distributed by means of the MEMS circuit board 60. The MEMS circuit board 60 also has a circuit board cavity 61. This can at least partially form a rear volume of the MEMS sound transducer 3. Furthermore, the carrier substrate 23 can be arranged on the MEMS circuit board 60.

3 shows a cross-section of the in-ear earphone 34. The sound transducer unit 1, with which the sound can be generated, is arranged in the in-ear earphone 34. The in-ear earphone 34 is an embodiment of the electronic component. The electronic component can also be a smartphone, a laptop, a tablet, a smartwatch, etc.

The in-ear earphone 34 shown here as an electronic component comprises an earphone housing 35 in which the sound transducer unit 1 is arranged. The earphone housing 35 is designed in two parts according to the present exemplary embodiment. The earphone housing 35 comprises an earpiece 36 which is to be inserted into the user's ear canal when the in-ear earphone 34 is used. An attachment, for example made of silicone, can be placed over the earpiece 36. The attachment forms an earplug which is then at least partially inserted into the ear canal. The attachment can be made of a flexible and skin-friendly material. It is also advantageous if this attachment or the earplug is designed in such a way that it adapts to the ear canal or that it is already adapted to the ear canal.

The earpiece 36 also has an outlet opening 43 through which the sound of the electrodynamic and MEMS sound transducers 2, 3 can exit the earpiece 36 or the earpiece housing 35. The outlet opening 43 is advantageously closed with a sealing element 38 so that the entry of dirt is prevented. The sealing element 38 can be, for example, a grid, a net or a foam so that the passage of sound is possible but dirt is held back.

Furthermore, the sound conducting element 16 extends up to the outlet opening 43 so that the sound of the MEMS sound transducer 3 can be guided up to the outlet opening 43.

As can also be seen here, the sound conducting element 16 is arranged in such a way that the sound of the electrodynamic sound transducer 2 is guided past the sound conducting element 16. The sound of the MEMS sound transducer 3, on the other hand, is guided by the sound conducting element 16. The sound is guided within the sound conducting element 16. The sound waves of the woofer 2 and the sound waves of the tweeter 3 remain separated from one another within the earpiece housing 35 thanks to the sound conducting element 16.

Furthermore, at least one spacer 40 is arranged between the ear part 36 and the sound-conducting element 16, in which 3 two spacers 40a, 40b are shown. This allows the sound of the electrodynamic sound transducer 2 to be guided past the sound conducting element 16. In addition, this can ensure that the sound conducting element 16 remains oriented, in particular coaxially, to the ear part 36. The sound is then introduced well into the auditory canal.

Furthermore, the earpiece housing 35 comprises a closure part 37 which closes the in-ear earpiece 34. This can prevent moisture or water from reaching the sound transducer unit 1. The closure part 37 can also have a cable duct 39 through which electrical cables, for example from a battery or other electronic components, can be fed to the sound transducer unit 1. The cable duct 39 can be omitted if the sound transducer unit 1 is supplied with audio signals, etc. via a wireless connection, for example. The closure part 37 can thus be closed so that no moisture can penetrate. Alternatively, an opening can still be advantageous in order to create pressure equalization for the two sound transducers 2, 3 when the sound transducer unit 1 is in operation.

Furthermore, the ear part 36 has an ear part cavity 44. This forms a front volume of the woofer 2 and/or the sound waves of the woofer 2 are guided through the ear part cavity 44 to the outlet opening 43 and/or past the sound guide element 16. In addition, the closure part 37 has a closure part cavity 45. This can form a rear volume of the tweeter 3 and/or the woofer 2.

The ear part 36 also encloses the transducer housing 4 and/or the outer membrane carrier 13. For example, an adhesive connection can be formed between the transducer housing 4 and/or the outer membrane carrier 13 and the ear part 36 and/or the closure part 37. It is advantageous if the sound transducer unit 1 comprises a protective element (not shown here) which is arranged around the transducer housing 4 and extends at least partially in the radial direction 22 from the outside over the first membrane 10. This protects the first membrane 10, wherein the protective element is spaced apart from the first membrane 10 in the axial direction. The said adhesive connection can then exist between the protective element and the ear part 36 and/or the closure part 37.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, a damping material 69 is arranged on the sound-conducting element 16 and/or on at least one spacer 40. As can also be seen here, the damping material 69 is arranged in such a way that, when the sound transducer unit 1 is arranged in the electronic component, for example the in-ear earphone 34 shown here, between the sound conducting element 16 and the surrounding housing, section of the electronic component or the earpiece 36 shown here. The sound waves emitted by the electrodynamic sound transducer 2 consequently pass through the damping material 69 on the way to the outlet opening 43. This can improve the sound quality by influencing the sound through the damping material. The damping material 69 can be a foam or a mesh, for example.

4 shows a cross-section of the electrodynamic transducer 2. For the sake of clarity, the MEMS transducer 3 is omitted here.

Here, the transducer cavity 41 is shown, which is arranged in the middle of the woofer 2. The first pole element 5 extends around the transducer cavity 41 and delimits it. The MEMS sound transducer 3 is arranged in the transducer cavity 41. The sound cavity into which the tweeter 3 emits the sound is also arranged in the first pole element 5. According to 1 The sound conducting element 16, which is preferably designed as a sound conducting channel, connects to the sound cavity 17.

The woofer 2 further comprises an oscillation cavity 46 in which the coil 8 and/or the first membrane 10 can oscillate in the axial direction 21. By means of the oscillation cavity 46, the first membrane 10 can move in the direction of the first pole element 5 and/or in the direction of the tweeter 3 when the first membrane 10 oscillates. The oscillation cavity 46 merges into the magnetic gap 14 in the region of the coil 8.

The membrane opening 42 is also shown here. This forms the opening of the electrodynamic sound transducer 2 together with the sound cavity 17, the transducer cavity 41 and/or at least partially with the oscillation cavity 46. The sound conducting element 16 is also guided through the membrane opening 42.

5 shows a block diagram of at least part of the electronic unit 18. The electronic unit 18 can include an audio source 47. This can have a first amplifier 48 for amplifying an audio signal. Additionally or alternatively, the audio source 47 can have a Bluetooth chip 49, via which the audio signal can be received. The Bluetooth chip 49 and/or the first amplifier 48 can also be arranged in an external device. For example, the Bluetooth chip 49 and/or the first amplifier 48 can be arranged as an electronic component in a receiving part (not shown here) for the in-ear earphone 34. The in-ear earphone 34 described here receives the audio data via this receiving part, which can already be amplified by means of the first amplifier 48.

The first amplifier 48, the Bluetooth chip 49 or the audio source 47 are followed by a crossover 50, which splits the audio signal already amplified by the first amplifier 48 into two signal parts. A first signal part is fed directly to the electrodynamic sound transducer 2. In this embodiment, this first signal part is already amplified by the first amplifier 48. A second signal part, which is for the tweeter 3, is fed to a second amplifier 51. The second amplifier 51 can be intended to amplify the second signal part again, since the tweeter 3 requires a voltage level that is up to ten times higher. The tweeter 3 is connected to the second amplifier 51.

6 shows a cross section of the electrodynamic and MEMS transducer 2, 3. Most of the reference symbols are omitted here for the sake of clarity. The MEMS transducer 3 is also shown in detail here. The features are shown in 2 described in more detail. As can be seen here, the second membrane 30 has an area that is at least as large as an area of the membrane opening 42. Here, the area of the second membrane 30 is larger than the area of the membrane opening 42.

Furthermore, the area of the second membrane 30 is at least as large as an area of the cover duct 33 and/or the sound cavity 17. Furthermore, as can be seen from the 6 in connection with the 1 As can be seen, the area of the second membrane 30 is larger than a cross-sectional area of the sound-conducting element 16 and is at least as large as a cross-sectional area of the sound cavity 17.

Preferably, the cover bushing 33 and the sound cavity 17 in the magnet unit 52, in particular in the first pole element 5, are congruent and/or flush with each other.

7 shows a top view of a MEMS sound transducer 3. In the present embodiment, the MEMS sound transducer 3 is polygonal. Here, the MEMS sound transducer 3 is hexagonal. The MEMS sound transducer 3 consequently has six carrier layers 24a - 24f. In addition, the MEMS sound transducer 3 also has six piezo layers 25, which are, however, covered here by the carrier layers 24a - 24f. Each of the piezo layers 25 and carrier layers 24a - 24f is connected to the coupling element 26 by means of a spring element 27a - 27f. The MEMS Membrane unit 29 is arranged with the second membrane 30. The MEMS membrane unit 29 and the second membrane 30 have a shape that matches the carrier substrate 23. In particular, the MEMS membrane unit 29 and the second membrane 30 are hexagonal, as here. The shape shown here allows the MEMS sound transducer 3 to be adapted to the round transducer cavity 41. The second membrane 30 can be deflected more strongly by the multiple carrier and piezo layers 24, 25. A sound pressure can be increased as a result.

8th shows a cross section of the sound transducer unit 1 with a circuit board 58. For the sake of simplicity, only the most important features are provided with a reference symbol. The sound transducer unit 1 shown here is described in the previous figures.

The circuit board 58 is arranged here on the side of the sound transducer unit 1 facing away from the first and/or second membrane 10, 30. The circuit board 58 has at least one circuit board feedthrough 59a, 59b. With the help of the circuit board feedthrough 59a, 59b, a first rear volume of the electrodynamic sound transducer 2 can be open via the pole feedthroughs 20a, 20b. If the sound transducer unit 1 shown here is in the earpiece housing 35 of the 3 arranged, the closure part cavity 45 can serve as the rear volume of the electrodynamic sound transducer 2. As in the 8th As can be seen, the pole feedthroughs 20 and the circuit board feedthroughs 59 are at least partially congruent. Additionally or alternatively, the circuit board 58 can also be designed to be smaller in the radial direction 22 than shown here. The circuit board 58 can be designed such that the circuit board 58 does not reach as far as the pole feedthroughs 20 in the radial direction. As a result, the circuit board 58 leaves the pole feedthroughs 20 open or does not close them.

As can also be seen here, the circuit board 58 closes a second rear volume of the MEMS sound transducer 3, in particular completely.

According to 8th the transducer unit 1 comprises the electronic unit 18, the MEMS transducer 3 and the circuit board 58. 5 The electronic unit 18 described can also be arranged in the circuit board 58 or the elements of the electronic unit 18 can be arranged in the circuit board 58. The electronic unit 18 shown schematically here can then 2 shown MEMS circuit board 60 with the circuit board cavity 61. The electronics feedthrough 19 can then be the circuit board cavity 61. This embodiment of the MEMS circuit board 60, the electronics unit 18 and/or the circuit board 58 can also be present in the embodiments of the other figures. Thus, the sound transducer unit 1 can have the electronics unit 18, the MEMS circuit board 60 and/or the circuit board 58, wherein in particular the elements of the electronics unit 18 can be arranged in the MEMS circuit board 60 and/or in the circuit board 58. The electronics unit 18 and the MEMS sound transducer 3 shown here can form the MEMS sound transducer 3 of the 2 wherein the electronics unit 18 is the MEMS circuit board 60.

9 shows a cross-section of the in-ear earphone 34 or the sound transducer unit 1 with an embodiment of the spacer 40 and with at least one sealing element 53. For the sake of simplicity, only the most important features are provided with a reference number. In addition, the closure part is 3 no longer shown.

Here, the sound transducer unit 1 comprises at least one sealing element 53, with which the sound transducer unit 1 can be inserted in a sealing manner into the receiver housing 35. As can be seen here, the sealing element 53 is arranged on the transducer housing 4. If the sealing element 53 is arranged on the transducer housing 4, it can be arranged according to 3 prevent moisture from getting from the ear part cavity 44 to the closure part cavity 45. The sealing element 53 can, as shown here, be annular. Additionally or alternatively, the at least one sealing element 53 can also be used to prevent sound from being exchanged between the ear part cavity 44 and the closure part cavity 45. Furthermore, the sealing element 53 is arranged here in a housing groove 55 of the transducer housing 4. The sealing element 53 can be a rubber or silicone ring, for example. Furthermore, the sound transducer unit 1 can also have several sealing elements 53 spaced apart from one another in the axial direction. Two sealing elements 53a, 53b are shown here. The at least one sealing element 53 can be designed as a sealing ring. The at least one sealing element 53 and/or the housing groove 55 can be arranged on a peripheral side 70 of the sound transducer unit 1 and/or the transducer housing 4.

Furthermore, an embodiment of the spacer 40 is shown here.

The at least one spacer 40 is designed and/or arranged in such a way that the sound generated by the electrodynamic sound transducer 2 is guided to the outlet opening 43. Here, the spacer 40 has the shape of a helix, which is arranged around the sound-conducting element 16 and extends in the axial direction 21 along the sound-conducting element 16. This prevents the sound of the electrodynamic sound transducer 2 from reaching the outlet opening 43 directly, in particular the shortest way. The path for the sound is thereby extended or changed, whereby the sound changes so that the sound can be adjusted. Additionally or alternatively, several spacers 40 can also be arranged spaced apart from one another in the axial and radial directions 21, 22 so that the sound travels in a zigzag path to the outlet opening 43.

The at least one spacer 40 can thus be designed in such a way that it forms a labyrinth for the sound generated by the electron-dynamic sound transducer 2. With the help of the labyrinth, the sound can be redirected on the way to the outlet opening 43 so that the sound can be changed. The labyrinth-shaped spacer 40 is arranged between the sound-conducting element 16 and the ear part 36. In order to form the labyrinth, several spacers 40 can advantageously be arranged at a distance from one another in the axial direction and/or in the radial direction 21, 22.

10 shows a cross section of the sound transducer unit 1 with a circuit board 58. For the sake of simplicity, only the most important features are provided with a reference symbol. The sound transducer unit 1 shown here is described in the previous figures.

The circuit board 58 is arranged here on the side of the sound transducer unit 1 facing away from the first and/or second membrane 10, 30. The circuit board 58 has at least one circuit board feedthrough 59a, 59b. With the help of the circuit board feedthrough 59a, 59b, a first rear volume of the electrodynamic sound transducer 2 can be open via the pole feedthroughs 20a, 20b. As in the 8th As can be seen, the pole feedthroughs 20 and the circuit board feedthroughs 59 are at least partially congruent. Additionally or alternatively, the circuit board 58 can also be designed to be smaller in the radial direction 22 than shown here. The circuit board 58 can be designed such that the circuit board 58 does not reach as far as the pole feedthroughs 20 in the radial direction. As a result, the circuit board 58 leaves the pole feedthroughs 20 open or does not close them.

As can also be seen here, the circuit board 58 closes a second rear volume of the MEMS sound transducer 3, in particular completely.

According to 10 the transducer unit 1 comprises the electronic unit 18, the MEMS transducer 3 and the circuit board 58. The 5 The electronic unit 18 described can also be arranged in the circuit board 58 or the elements of the electronic unit 18 can be arranged in the circuit board 58. The electronic unit 18 shown schematically here can then 2 shown MEMS circuit board 60 with the circuit board cavity 61. The electronics feedthrough 19 can then be the circuit board cavity 61. This embodiment of the MEMS circuit board 60, the electronics unit 18 and/or the circuit board 58 can also be present in the embodiments of the other figures. Thus, the sound transducer unit 1 can have the electronics unit 18, the MEMS circuit board 60 and/or the circuit board 58, wherein in particular the elements of the electronics unit 18 can be arranged in the MEMS circuit board 60 and/or in the circuit board 58. The electronics unit 18 and the MEMS sound transducer 3 shown here can form the MEMS sound transducer 3 of the 2 wherein the electronics unit 18 is the MEMS circuit board 60.

Furthermore, the sound transducer unit 1 shown here comprises at least one microphone 62, with two microphones 62a, 62b being shown here. The at least one microphone 62 is arranged here in such a way that the sound waves emitted by the electrodynamic sound transducer 2 reach the at least one microphone 62. The at least one microphone 62 can face the first membrane 10 so that the sound waves reach the at least one microphone 62 directly or immediately. The at least one microphone 62 can be a feedback microphone. The at least one microphone 62 can be used to monitor the sound quality of the sound waves emitted by the electrodynamic sound transducer 2. Additionally or alternatively, the at least one microphone 62 can also record ambient noise in an environment of the sound transducer unit 1 and/or in the environment of the electronic component, for example the headphones, smartphone, tablet, laptop, etc. An anti-noise can be created from the detected ambient noise, which is generated by the electrodynamic sound transducer 2 and/or the MEMS sound transducer 3. This can cancel out the ambient noise. This can be used to perform an active noise cancelling process. In the case of the electronic component, for example the in-ear earphone 34, as shown in 3 As shown, a further microphone 62 can also be present. This can face an environment of the electronic component, for example an environment of the in-ear earphone 34 or an environment of the wearer of the in-ear earphone 34, in order to generate anti-noise in order to suppress ambient noise.

The at least one microphone 62 is arranged here on the ear part 36, which is partially shown here. The ear part 36 is a special version of a housing part 66. The sound transducer unit 1 comprises the housing part 66 or is arranged in the housing part 66. The housing part 66 can be part of the electronic component. If the electronic component is the in-ear earphone 34, then the housing part 66 is the ear part 36.

Additionally or alternatively, the at least one microphone 62 can also be arranged on a housing, in particular a protective housing, for the sound transducer unit 1, wherein the housing serves as protection for the sound transducer unit 1 and in particular for the first membrane 10 of the electrodynamic sound transducer 2. The housing part 66 shown here and/or the ear part 36 can serve as the housing here or the housing can be formed by the housing part 66 and/or the ear part 36.

In addition, several lines 63a - 63d are shown schematically in this embodiment. The lines 63a - 63d can be cables or lines 63a - 63d, in particular multi-core ones. The lines 63a - 63d can be used to distribute the electrical signals intended for the operation of the sound transducer unit 1. A first line 63a for the electronics unit 18 and/or the MEMS sound transducer 3. A second line 63b leads to the coil 8 of the electrodynamic sound transducer 2. A third line 63c leads to the first microphone 62a shown here and a fourth line 63d leads to the second microphone 62b shown here. The lines 63a - 63d are coupled here to the circuit board 58. As can also be seen here, the lines 63a - 63d are coupled to the circuit board 58 on a rear side 64 of the circuit board 58.

The lines 63a - 63d can be arranged in suitable channels here. As can be seen here, the two lines 63c, 63d are arranged between the converter housing 4 and the ear part 36 or the housing part 66.

The circuit board 58 can also have a connection 67 via which electrical signals from an external unit are conducted to the sound transducer unit 1. The connection 67 can be designed as a flexible section, for example as a flex PCB, so that the connection 67 can be rotated or bent to enable connection to the connection 67 from different directions. The connection 67 is arranged here on the back 64 of the circuit board 58. The connection 67 can also comprise a plug and/or be designed as a plug. The plug can be a flat plug and/or can be soldered onto the circuit board 58.

Furthermore, the plug, in particular as a flat plug, can also be arranged on a front side 65 of the circuit board 58. The front side 65 here faces the MEMS sound transducer 3 and/or the electronics unit 18. The plug is then guided through the circuit board 58, for example through a circuit board feedthrough 59.

The flat plug can be designed, for example, as a flexible circuit board, so that the plug or the flat plug can be arranged flat on the circuit board 58. As a result, the plug or the flat plug can also be arranged between the circuit board 58 and the MEMS sound transducer 3 and/or the electronics unit 18, in particular on the front side 65 of the circuit board 58. Additionally or alternatively, the plug can also be coupled to the MEMS sound transducer 3 and/or the electronics unit 18.

The present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown and described. Modifications within the scope of the patent claims are possible, as is a combination of the features, even if these are shown and described in different embodiments.

List of reference symbols

1

Transducer unit

2

electrodynamic transducer / woofer / bass driver

3

MEMS transducer / tweeter

4

Converter housing

5

first pole element

6

second pole element

7

magnet

8th

Kitchen sink

9

Membrane unit

10

first membrane

11

Coupling unit

12

inner membrane carrier

13

outer membrane supports

14

Magnetic gap

15

holder

16

Sound conducting element

17

Sound cavity

18

Electronic unit

19

Electronic feedthrough

20

Pole feedthrough

21

Axial direction

22

Radial direction

23

Carrier substrate

24

Carrier layer

25

Piezo layer

26

Coupling element

27

Spring element

28

Coupling plate

29

MEMS membrane unit

30

second membrane

31

MEMS membrane frame

32

cover

33

Cover bushing

34

In-ear headphones

35

Handset housing

36

Earpiece

37

Closure part

38

Sealing element

39

Cable feedthrough

40

Spacers

41

Transducer cavity

42

Membrane breakthrough

43

Outlet opening

44

Earpiece cavity

45

Closure cavity

46

Oscillating cavity

47

Audio source

48

first amplifier

49

Bluetooth chip

50

Crossover

51

second amplifier

52

Magnetic unit

53

Sealing element

54

MEMS cavity

55

Housing groove

56

first contact surface

57

second contact surface

58

Circuit board

59

PCB feedthrough

60

MEMS circuit board

61

PCB cavity

62

microphone

63

Line

64

back

65

front

66

Housing part

67

Connection

68

Outside

69

Damping material

70

Peripheral side

QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of documents listed by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA accepts no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• WO 2022121740 A1 [0002]

Claims (25)

Sound transducer unit (1), in particular for an in-ear earphone, with an electrodynamic sound transducer (2) which has a first membrane (10), preferably with a membrane opening (42), and with at least one MEMS sound transducer (3) which has a second membrane (30). Sound transducer unit according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the MEMS sound transducer (3) is integrated into the electrodynamic sound transducer (2) in such a way that the sound waves that can be generated by the second membrane (30) can be output from the sound transducer unit (1) via the membrane opening (42). Sound transducer unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electrodynamic sound transducer (2) is arranged around the at least one MEMS sound transducer (3). Sound transducer unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first membrane (10) is annular. Sound transducer unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electrodynamic sound transducer (2) is ring-shaped. Sound transducer unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the MEMS sound transducer (3) is arranged in a through hole of the torus. Sound transducer unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sound transducer unit (1) comprises a sound conducting element (16), in particular a sound conducting tube, wherein the sound conducting element (16) can conduct the sound waves that can be generated by the MEMS sound transducer (3) and/or wherein the sound conducting element (16) extends through the electrodynamic sound transducer (2) and/or the membrane opening (42). Sound transducer unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sound conducting element (16) projects beyond the first membrane (10) and/or is designed as an extension which projects beyond the first membrane (10). Sound transducer unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sound conducting element (16) is straight or curved. Sound transducer unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sound transducer unit (1) has a transducer cavity (41) in which the MEMS sound transducer (3) and/or an electronic unit (18) is arranged, wherein the transducer cavity (41) is preferably formed at least partially by the through hole of the annular electrodynamic sound transducer. Sound transducer unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transducer cavity (41) is surrounded by a magnet unit (52), in particular a magnet (7), of the electrodynamic sound transducer (2) and/or that the MEMS sound transducer (3) and/or the electronic unit (18) is arranged in the axial direction of the sound transducer unit (1) at the level of the magnet unit (52), in particular the magnet (7). Sound transducer unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the MEMS sound transducer (3), the electronics unit (18), a holder (15) and/or the sound conducting element (16) in the axial direction (21) of the sound transducer unit (1) have an overlap region with a magnet unit (52), in particular a magnet (7), of the electrodynamic sound transducer (2), a coil (8) of the electrodynamic sound transducer (2) and/or a transducer housing (4) of the sound transducer unit (1). Sound transducer unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the MEMS sound transducer (3) is arranged on the holder (15) of the sound transducer unit (1) and/or on the magnet unit (52) of the electrodynamic sound transducer (2) and/or has a contact surface with these. Sound transducer unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electronics unit (18) has an electronics feedthrough (19) which connects to a MEMS cavity (54) of the MEMS sound transducer (3). Sound transducer unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a sound propagation axis of the electrodynamic sound transducer (2) and a sound propagation axis of the MEMS sound transducer (3) are arranged coaxially to one another, in particular in the axial direction of the sound transducer unit (1). Sound transducer unit (1), in particular for an in-ear earphone, with an electrodynamic sound transducer (2) having a first membrane (10), with at least one MEMS sound transducer (3) having a second membrane (30), and with a circuit board (58) which is designed such that a first rear volume of the electrodynamic sound transducer (2) is open and/or which closes a second rear volume of the MEMS sound transducer (3). Sound transducer unit according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the circuit board (58) is arranged on a side of the sound transducer unit (1) facing away from the first and/or second membrane and/or the sound conducting element (16). Sound transducer unit according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the circuit board (58) comprises at least one connection (67), wherein the at least one connection (67) is preferably designed as a flexible connection section and/or as a plug. Sound transducer unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sound transducer unit (1) has at least one microphone (62) by means of which at least the sound waves and/or ambient noises that can be generated by the electrodynamic sound transducer (2) can be detected. Sound transducer unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a damping material (69) is arranged on the outer side (68) of the sound-conducting element (16) and/or on the spacer (40). Sound transducer unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sound transducer unit (1) has at least one sealing element (53), which is preferably arranged on a peripheral side of the sound transducer unit (1). Sound transducer unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sound transducer unit (1) comprises at least one connection (67), wherein the at least one connection (67) is preferably designed as a flexible connection section and/or as a plug. Electronic component, in particular in-ear earphone (34), with a sound transducer unit (1) according to one or more of the preceding claims. Electronic component according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the electronic component has an outlet opening (43) and/or that a sound-conducting element (16) extends from a membrane opening (42) to the outlet opening (43). Use of a sound transducer unit (1), which is designed in particular according to one of the preceding claims, in an electronic component, in particular according to one of the preceding claims.