DE102022003108A1 - Transportable charging station for charging at least one mobile electrical energy store and method for operating a charging station - Google Patents

Abstract

A transportable charging station for charging at least one mobile electrical energy storage device, comprising: a transport container with a mains connection, via which the charging station can be connected to a mains power supply, and with a first charging connection, via which the charging station can be connected to the at least one mobile electrical energy storage device; a power storage array; a first charging unit for charging the power storage arrangement from the power grid via the grid connection, which has a first nominal charging power; and a second charging unit for charging the at least one mobile electrical energy store from the power storage arrangement via the first charging connection, which has a second nominal charging power; wherein the power storage arrangement, the first charging unit and the second charging unit are arranged within the transport container, and wherein the second charging power rating is greater than the first charging power rating.

Description

The present invention relates to a transportable charging station for charging at least one mobile electrical energy store and a method for operating a charging station.

The legal requirements regarding the emission of climate-damaging exhaust gases such as CO ₂ and methane have been tightened significantly in recent years and are likely to be further tightened in the coming decades in order to achieve the climate targets set out in the Paris Protocol. In the long term, these legal requirements can only be achieved for a large number of applications by electrifying them and at the same time supplying them with electricity from renewable energies. This applies, for example, to cars, trucks and construction vehicles. In order to be able to charge mobile electrical energy storage devices with a very large capacity in a relatively short time, a network of High Power Charging (HPC) charging stations is currently being set up, which directly accesses the medium-voltage level of the general power grid. In particular, construction vehicles have very large capacities for the energy storage devices used, since these have to supply the heavy construction vehicles with electricity for working days of 10 to 12 hours on an ongoing basis. As a rule, there is no connection to the medium-voltage level of the power grid at the places where the construction machines are used. For construction vehicles in particular, it is therefore necessary to provide electrical power for charging the construction vehicles, even if they are used in areas without a grid connection or with a grid connection that is not suitable for charging the construction vehicles.

From the CN 210142914 U a mobile charging station is known, which is arranged on a trailer of a tractor. A power conversion device rectifies electric power drawn from a power grid side and then charges the mobile power storage device. The electrical energy delivered by the mobile energy storage device is inverted into alternating current and subsequently made available for the direct current charging device. The direct current charging device in turn rectifies the alternating current, converts the rectified electric energy and charges an electric vehicle to be charged.

The present invention is based on the object of providing a transportable charging station for charging at least one mobile electrical energy storage device, which enables faster charging in areas without a sufficient mains connection for fast charging (HPC charging) of the mobile electrical energy storage device or without a mains connection at all. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for operating a transportable charging station for charging at least one mobile electrical energy storage device that allows charging in areas without a sufficient grid connection for fast charging (HPC charging) of the mobile electrical energy storage device or without a grid connection at all allows.

The object is achieved by a transportable charging station for charging at least one mobile electrical energy storage device, comprising: a transport container with a mains connection, via which the charging station can be connected to a mains power supply, and with a first charging connection, via which the charging station can be connected to the at least one mobile electrical Energy storage is connected; a power storage array; a first charging unit for charging the power storage arrangement from the power grid via the grid connection, which has a first nominal charging power; and a second charging unit for charging the at least one mobile electrical energy store from the power storage arrangement via the first charging connection, which has a second nominal charging power; wherein the power storage arrangement, the first charging unit and the second charging unit are arranged within the transport container, and wherein the second charging power rating is greater than the first charging power rating.

The transportable charging station according to the invention has the advantage that the second charging unit provides a charging power that is higher than the charging power of the second charging unit for charging the at least one mobile electrical energy store, so that the charging process from the transportable charging station is completed more quickly than a charging process directly a low-voltage mains connection.

In one possible embodiment of the transportable charging station, the ratio of the second nominal charging power to the first nominal charging power can be at least 2.0, in particular at least 3.0, in particular at least 3.5. The first nominal charging power can be 40 kW, for example. This corresponds to the performance of a normal site power connection on construction sites. The second rated charging power can be at least 75 kW, for example, in particular at least 150 kW. The second rated charging power can be up to 150 kW, for example, in particular up to 350 kW.

The mains connection can be designed in particular as a 5-pin CEE connector with a load limit of 400 V AC and 63 A. The mains connection can be connected to the mains using a plug connector of the same type. The connectable power grid represents a change Selstrom at the low voltage level, in particular at a voltage level of 400 V ready.

In one possible embodiment of the transportable charging station, the first charging unit can include a first control unit for controlling the charging power of the first charging unit.

Furthermore, the first charging unit can include at least one power converter, which converts an alternating current from the power grid into a direct current for charging the power storage arrangement.

The at least one power converter can be designed as a rectifier, which converts an alternating current from the power grid into a direct current for charging the power storage arrangement. The at least one power converter can, for example, convert an AC voltage of 400 V into a DC voltage in a range from at least 250 V to a maximum of 410 V.

Alternatively, the at least one power converter can be designed as a bidirectional power converter that switches from a first operating state, in which an alternating current of the power grid is converted into a direct current for charging the power storage arrangement, to a second operating state, in which a discharge direct current of the power storage arrangement is converted into an alternating current for a second charging port is converted, is switchable. In the first operating state, in particular an AC voltage of 400 V can be converted into a DC voltage in a range from at least 250 V to a maximum of 410 V. In the second operating state, in particular the discharge direct current of the power storage arrangement can be converted into an alternating current of 400 V AC.

The second charging connection can be designed as a 5-pin CEE plug connector with a load limit of 400 V AC and 32 A. The second charging port can be coupled to a load via a matched connector.

In one possible embodiment, the second charging unit can include a second control unit for controlling the charging power of the second charging unit. The second charging unit can have a DC-DC converter unit, which converts the operating voltage of the power storage arrangement to a charging voltage of the at least one mobile electrical energy store. In one possible configuration of the DC voltage converter unit, it can comprise at least one input DC voltage converter and at least one output DC voltage converter.

The at least one input DC voltage converter converts the operating voltage of the power storage arrangement to a higher intermediate voltage and the at least one output DC voltage converter converts the intermediate voltage to the charging voltage of the at least one mobile electrical energy store.

The at least one input DC voltage converter can be operated in an input voltage range. The input voltage range is in particular between 325 V DC and 560 V DC. The at least one input DC voltage converter can provide an output voltage between 600 V DC and 700 V DC, in particular between 640 V DC and 660 V DC. The at least one input DC voltage converter can be operated with a nominal output voltage of 650 V DC, for example.

The at least one output DC voltage converter can be operated in an input voltage range. The input voltage range can be between 600 V DC and 700 V DC, in particular between 640 V DC and 660 V DC. Alternatively, the at least one output DC voltage converter can be operated with a fixed input voltage of 650 V DC. The at least one output DC voltage converter can provide a maximum output voltage of 960 V DC, in particular a maximum output voltage of 1000 V DC. The at least one output DC voltage converter can be designed as a step-up converter.

In a further possible embodiment of the transportable charging unit, the first charging connection can comprise two charging connectors, wherein in particular at least one of the two charging connectors is designed to selectively transmit an alternating current or a direct current. In particular, at least one of the two charging connectors can be designed as a CCS plug, as a plug according to the CHAdeMO industry standard or as a plug according to the GB/T standard.

If the first charging connection includes two charging connectors, the second charging unit can be switched between a first operating state, in which the second nominal charging power is completely transferred to one of the two charging connectors, and a second operating state, in which the second nominal charging power is divided between the two charging connectors. For this purpose, the second charging unit can include a switching electrical component (electrical switch), which is switched by the second control unit as a function of the desired operating state. It is conceivable that the second nominal charging power is evenly divided between the two charging connectors. Alternatively, it is also conceivable that one of the two charging connectors is supplied with a larger proportion of the second nominal charging power than the other of the two charging connectors, which is correspondingly supplied with a smaller proportion of the second nominal charging power.

In one possible embodiment of the transportable charging station, a third charging unit can be provided, which includes an inverter, which converts direct current from the power storage arrangement into alternating current, and a voltage converter, which converts the operating voltage of the power storage arrangement to a line voltage of the power grid, and the power storage arrangement with a third charging port connects.

The third charging unit can have a maximum nominal charging power of 6 kW. In particular, the voltage converter can direct the operating voltage of the power storage arrangement to a mains voltage of 230 V AC. The third charging connection can be designed as a 3-pin CEE plug connector with a load limit of 230 V AC and 16 A. The third charging port can be coupled to a load via a matched connector.

In one possible embodiment of the transportable charging station, the power storage arrangement can comprise at least two power storage devices connected in parallel. It goes without saying that the number of power storage units connected in parallel can be freely selected according to the desired capacity of the transportable charging station. The power storage can be, for example, Li-ion battery modules or capacitor banks.

In a further possible embodiment of the transportable loading station, the transport container can have the dimensions of an ISO sea freight container. The transport container can be sealed against water and/or dust. The transport container can include a cooling arrangement for cooling the electrical components.

The object on which the invention is based is also achieved by a method for operating a transportable charging station for charging at least one mobile electrical energy storage device, in particular according to an aforementioned embodiment, the method comprising the following steps: charging a power storage arrangement of the transportable charging station from the Power grid via a grid connection, transport of the portable charging station to a place of use, and loading of the at least one mobile electrical energy store from the power storage arrangement via a first charging connection.

In one possible embodiment of the method, the transportable charging station can be transported after the charging of the electricity storage arrangement, the charging of the at least one mobile electrical energy storage device taking place in a decoupled state of the transportable charging station from the electricity grid.

• 1 eine erfindungsgemäße transportable Ladestation in einer schematischen Darstellung mit Blockschaltelementen; und
• 2 den Ablauf des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens zum Betrieb einer transportablen Ladestation zum Laden zumindest eines mobilen elektrischen Energiespeichers in der Darstellung eines Flussdiagramms.

An exemplary embodiment is explained below with reference to the figure drawings. Herein shows

• 1 a portable charging station according to the invention in a schematic representation with block circuit elements; and
• 2 the sequence of the method according to the invention for operating a transportable charging station for charging at least one mobile electrical energy store in the representation of a flowchart.

In 1 a transportable charging station 1 according to the invention is shown, which comprises a transport container 2 . The transport container 2 has the dimensions of a 10ft ISO sea freight container. A mains connection 3 , a first charging connection 5 , a second charging connection 22 and a third charging connection 23 are let into the walls of the transport container 2 and enable an electrical connection to electrical components arranged inside the transport container 2 from the outside.

The portable charging station 1 can be connected to the power grid 4 at the low-voltage level via the power connection 3 , with the power grid 4 providing an alternating current with a voltage of 400 V. The mains connection 3 is designed here as a 5-pin CEE plug connector with a load limit of 400 V AC and 63 A. The mains connection 3 can be detachably coupled to the mains 4 via a plug connector of the same type.

The first charging connection 5 has a first charging connector 17 and a second charging connector 17′, via which the transportable charging station 1 can be electrically connected to a mobile electrical energy store, not shown. The mobile electrical energy stores can be installed in particular in construction machines or other motor vehicles. In the present case, both charging connectors 17, 17' are designed as CCS plugs for fast charging stations, which are also known as Combo 2 plugs. However, it is also conceivable for the two plugs to be designed according to a different standard for plugs from fast charging stations, for example according to the CHAdeMO industry standard or the GB/T standard. It is also conceivable that the charging station 1 has only one charging connector 17 .

The second charging connection 22 can be electrically connected to a first load (not shown) via a plug connector of the same type. The second charging connection is designed as a 5-pin CEE plug connector with a load limit of 400 V AC and 32 A.

The third charging connection 23 is designed as a 3-pin CEE plug connector with a load limit of 230 V AC and 16 A and can be coupled to a second load, not shown, via a plug connector of the same type.

A first charging unit 8 , a second charging unit 11 , a third charging unit 18 and a power storage arrangement 6 are accommodated inside the transport container 2 .

The first charging unit 8 is electrically connected on the one hand via the mains connection 3 to the power grid 4 and on the other hand to the power storage arrangement 6 . The first charging unit 8 has a first control unit 9, by means of which the charging power supplied to the electricity storage arrangement 6 can be controlled. For this purpose, the first control unit 9 can detect, for example, whether the transportable charging station 1 is connected to the mains 4 via the mains connection 3 or how high the electrical power provided by the mains 4 is. In addition, the first control unit 9 can communicate with a third control unit 25 of the power storage arrangement 6 and thus, for example, record data relating to the state of charge and/or the voltage state of the power storage arrangement 6 .

The first charging unit 8 also has a first bidirectional power converter 10 and a second bidirectional power converter 10', which are connected in parallel to one another. The two power converters 10, 10' each have a rated charging power of 20 kW, so that the total rated charging power of the first charging unit 8 is 40 kW.

The two bidirectional power converters 10, 10' are switched from a first operating state, in which the alternating current of the power grid 4 is converted into a direct current for charging the power storage arrangement 6, to a second operating state, in which a discharge direct current of the power storage arrangement 6 is converted into an alternating current for the second Charging port 22 is converted, switchable. In the first operating state, an AC voltage of 400 V is thus converted into a DC voltage of a maximum of 410 V. In the second operating state, the discharge direct current of the power storage arrangement 6 is converted into an alternating current of 400 V AC.

In the present case, the respective operating state is selected by the first control unit 9 . In the case of the second operating state, the first control unit 9 closes an electrical switch 24 in order to electrically connect the first charging unit 8 to the second charging connection 22 .

In the present case, the power storage arrangement 6 comprises four identically designed power storage devices 7, 7′, 7″, 7″″, which are connected in parallel to one another. The power stores 7, 7', 7'', 7''' are lithium-ion battery modules. In this case, the power storage arrangement 6 is of modular design in such a way that any number of further power storage devices can be arranged in a parallel circuit.

The second charging unit 11 is electrically connected to the power storage arrangement 6 via a DC bus 26 on the one hand and to the two charging connectors 17, 17' on the other hand. The second charging unit 11 includes a second control unit 12 for controlling the charging power of the second charging unit 11, which can communicate in particular with the third control unit 25 of the power storage arrangement 6 and a control unit of the mobile electrical storage device.

The second charging unit 11 has a DC voltage converter unit 13 with a first input DC voltage converter 14, a second input DC voltage converter 14', a first output DC voltage converter 15 and a second output DC voltage converter 15'.

The first input DC voltage converter 14 and the input DC voltage converter 14' are of identical design and each convert the operating voltage of the power storage arrangement 6 to a higher intermediate voltage. The first input DC voltage converter 14 and the second input DC voltage converter 14' can each be operated with an input voltage of 325 V DC to 560 V DC and provide an intermediate voltage of 650 V DC.

The first output DC voltage converter 15 and the second output DC voltage converter 15' are designed identically as step-up converters, also known as booster converters, and convert the intermediate voltage provided by the respective input DC voltage converter 14, 14' to a charging voltage of the at least one mobile electrical energy store. The first output DC voltage converter 15 and the second output DC voltage converter 15' can provide a maximum charging voltage of 960 V DC, in particular 1000 V DC, which can be regulated by the second control unit 12 according to the requirements of the mobile electrical energy store.

The first input DC converter 14 and the first output DC converter 15 are connected in series and form a first part of the DC converter unit 13, which has a nominal charging power of 75 kW. The first part of the DC-DC converter unit 13 is firmly connected to the first charging connector 17 .

The input DC voltage converter 14' and the second output DC voltage converter 15' are connected in series and form a second part of the DC voltage converter unit 13, which also has a nominal charging power of 75 kW. The second part of the DC voltage converter unit 13 is optionally connected via an electrical switch 16 to the first charging connector 17 or the second charging connector 17'.

In a first operating state, in which the second part of the DC-DC converter unit 13 is connected to the first charging connector 17 via the switch 16 , the second charging unit 11 can transmit a total nominal charging power of 150 kW to the first charging connector 17 . In a second operating state, in which the second part of the DC-DC converter unit 13 is connected to the second charging connector 17' via the switch 16, the second charging unit 11 can have a nominal charging power of 150 kW in total, evenly distributed to the first charging connector 17 and the second charging connector 17 ' transfer.

The ratio of the nominal charging power of the second charging unit 11 to the nominal charging power of the first charging unit 8 is 3.75 in the present case.

In principle, it is also conceivable that the rated charging power of the second charging unit 11 is divided unevenly between the first and the second part of the DC-DC converter unit 13 . In this case, it goes without saying that the components of the DC voltage converter unit 13 can be dimensioned differently accordingly. In addition, it is also conceivable that the DC-DC converter unit 13 is divided into more than two parts arranged in parallel.

The third charging unit 18 is electrically connected to the power storage arrangement 6 on the one hand and to the third charging connection 23 on the other hand. The third charging unit 18 includes a fourth control unit 21 for controlling the charging power of the third charging unit 18, which can communicate in particular with the third control unit 25 of the power storage arrangement 6.

The third charging unit 18 includes an inverter 19, which converts the discharge direct current of the power storage arrangement 6 into an alternating current, and a voltage converter 20, which directs the operating voltage of the power storage arrangement to a voltage of 230 V AC. The third charging unit 18 has a maximum rated power of 6 kW.

The 2 shows the sequence of the method according to the invention for operating a transportable charging station for charging at least one mobile electrical energy store in a flowchart.

In a first method step V10, the power storage arrangement 6 of the transportable charging station 1 is charged from the power grid 4 via the grid connection 3.

After the power storage arrangement 6 has reached a desired state of charge, the transportable charging station 1 is decoupled from the power grid 4 in a second method step V20.

Subsequently, in a third method step V30, the transportable charging station 1 is transported to a place of use and made ready for operation there.

In a fourth method step V40, the at least one mobile electrical energy store from the power storage arrangement 6 is charged via one of the two charging connectors 17, 17' of the first charging connection 5, with the transportable charging station 1 being decoupled from the power grid 4.

In an alternative, fourth method step V40', the at least one mobile electrical energy store from the power storage arrangement 6 is charged via one of the two charging connectors 17, 17' of the first charging connection 5, with the transportable charging station 1 being coupled to the power grid 4.

Reference List

1

charging station

2

transport container

3

power connection

4

power grid

5

first charging port

6

power storage arrangement

7, 7', 7'', 7'''

power storage

8th

first loading unit

9

first control unit

10, 10'

power converter

11

second loading unit

12

second control unit

13

DC-DC converter unit

14, 14'

input DC converter

15, 15'

Output DC converter

16

Switch

17, 17'

charging connector

18

third loading unit

19

inverter

20

voltage converter

21

fourth control unit

22

second charging port

23

third charging port

24

Switch

25

third control unit

26

dc rail

QUOTES INCLUDED IN DESCRIPTION

This list of documents cited by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent Literature Cited

• CN 210142914 U [0003]

Claims (15)

Transportable charging station for charging at least one mobile electrical energy store, comprising: a transport container (2) with a mains connection (3) via which the charging station (1) can be connected to a mains supply (4), and with a first charging connection (5) via the charging station (1) can be connected to the at least one mobile electrical energy store; a power storage device (6); a first charging unit (8) for charging the power storage arrangement (6) from the power grid (4) via the grid connection (3), which has a first nominal charging power; and a second charging unit (11) for charging the at least one mobile electrical energy store from the power storage arrangement (6) via the first charging connection (5), which has a second nominal charging power; wherein the power storage arrangement (6), the first charging unit (8) and the second charging unit (11) are arranged inside the transport container (2), characterized in that the second nominal charging power is greater than the first nominal charging power. Portable charging station claim 1 , characterized in that the ratio of the second nominal charging power to the first nominal charging power is at least 2.0, in particular at least 3.0, in particular at least 3.5. Portable charging station according to one of Claims 1 or 2 , characterized in that the first charging unit (8) comprises a first control unit (9) for controlling the charging power of the first charging unit (8). Portable charging station according to one of Claims 1 until 3 , characterized in that the first charging unit (8) comprises at least one power converter (10) which converts an alternating current of the power grid (4) into a direct current for charging the power storage arrangement (6). Portable charging station claim 4 , characterized in that the at least one power converter (10) is designed as a bidirectional power converter, which is converted from a first operating state, in which an alternating current of the power grid (4) into a direct current for charging the power storage arrangement (6), into a second operating state In which a discharge direct current of the power storage arrangement (6) is converted into an alternating current for a second charging connection (22), can be switched. Portable charging station according to one of Claims 1 until 5 , characterized in that the second charging unit (11) comprises a second control unit (12) for controlling the charging power of the second charging unit (11). Portable charging station according to one of Claims 1 until 6 , characterized in that the second charging unit (11) has a DC converter unit (13) which converts an operating voltage of the power storage arrangement (6) to a charging voltage of the at least one mobile electrical energy store. Portable charging station claim 7 , characterized in that the DC voltage converter unit (13) comprises at least one input DC voltage converter (14) and at least one output DC voltage converter (15), the at least one input DC voltage converter (14) converting the operating voltage of the power storage arrangement (6) to a higher intermediate voltage and the at least one output DC voltage converter (15) converts the intermediate voltage to the charging voltage of the at least one mobile electrical energy store. Portable charging station according to one of Claims 1 until 8th , characterized in that the first charging connection (5) comprises two charging connectors (17), in particular at least one of the charging connectors is designed to selectively transmit an alternating current or a direct current. Portable charging station claim 9 , characterized in that the second charging unit (11) between a first operating state in which the second nominal charging power is fully transferred to one of the two charging connectors (17) and a second operating state in which the second nominal charging power to the two charging connectors (17) is divided, is switchable. Portable charging station according to one of Claims 1 until 10 , characterized by a third charging unit (18), which has an inverter (19), which converts a direct current of the electricity storage arrangement (6) into an alternating current, and a voltage converter (20), which converts an operating voltage of the electricity storage arrangement (6) to a mains voltage of the Power grid (4) converts, includes and connects the power storage arrangement (6) with a third charging port (23). Portable charging station according to one of Claims 1 until 11 , characterized in that the power storage arrangement (6) comprises at least two parallel-connected power storage (7), wherein the power storage devices are in particular Li-ion battery modules. Portable charging station according to one of Claims 1 until 12 , characterized in that the transport container (2) has the dimensions of an ISO sea freight container. Method for operating a transportable charging station for charging at least one mobile electrical energy store, in particular according to one of Claims 1 until 12 , comprising the steps of: charging a power storage arrangement (6) of the portable charging station (1) from the power grid (4) via a grid connection (3), transporting the portable charging station (1) to a place of use, and charging the at least one mobile electrical energy storage device the power storage arrangement (6) via a first charging connection (5). procedure after Claim 14 , characterized in that the transportable charging station (1) is transported to a place of use after the charging of the electricity storage arrangement (6), and in that the charging of the at least one mobile electrical energy store takes place in a decoupled state of the transportable charging station (1) from the electricity grid ( 4) done.

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