DE102020005776A1 - System for converting service stations to exchange electrical energy storage for electric vehicles and an electric vehicle for this system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a system for converting conventional filling stations from dispensing liquid fuels for vehicles with internal combustion engines to dispensing and/or exchanging electrical energy stores for electric vehicles, characterized by the following features: a) the energy stores for electric vehicles are converted into a large number of handy accumulators ( 3) divided, which in the charged state serve to feed electric motors (1) for driving electric vehicles and which in the discharged state are exchanged for charged accumulators (3) in one of the conventional gas stations (10), b) in these gas stations (10 ) charging stations (11) for charging discharged accumulators (3) and storage facilities (12) for storing charged accumulators (3) are installed, c) according to the increase in electric vehicles and the reduction in vehicles with combustion engines, the number of charging stations (11 ) for charging discharged batteries ulators (3) and the storage facility (12) for storing charged accumulators (3) increased and the number of dispensers (13) for liquid fuels reduced accordingly.

Description

field of invention

The invention relates to a system for converting conventional filling stations from dispensing liquid fuels for vehicles with internal combustion engines to dispensing and/or exchanging electrical energy stores for electric vehicles, and an electric vehicle for this system.

The further development of purely electrically operated motor vehicles is hampered by a variety of hurdles, especially when such vehicles are to be implemented on a mass market.

One of the hurdles to be overcome is the driver's concern that they will not reach their destination with the battery charged and will suddenly find themselves on the road with the vehicle and having to be towed away. Other hurdles are that many millions of charging stations would have to be set up on the streets and that tens of thousands of gas stations would have to close, which would result in a corresponding number of unemployed.

State of the art

From the DE 10 2006 040 478 A1 a motor vehicle is known with an electric drive motor operated by an accumulator, which drives two wheels, electric generators which charge the accumulator being arranged on the other two wheels via a gear each. With this arrangement, the accumulator is allegedly charged so effectively internally while driving that neither an additional internal nor an external power source is required. Unfortunately, this "perpetuum mobile" does not work, since the energy consumed by the motor vehicle due to frictional losses is always greater than the energy recovered from the generators by the drive motor from the accumulator.

From the DE 101 53 509 A1 a motor vehicle with a so-called hybrid drive is known which, in addition to an electric drive machine fed from an accumulator, has an internal combustion engine which is used both to drive the motor vehicle and to drive an electric power generator for charging the accumulator. Although this solves the problem of the long charging time for the accumulator mentioned at the outset, an internal combustion engine with its harmful exhaust gases is still required.

• Laden des Akkumulators über einen ersten Zeitraum von etwa acht bis zwölf Stunden über Nacht in einer Garage und danach Laden des Akkumulators über einen zweiten Zeitraum von etwa fünf bis zehn Minuten an einer für schnelles Laden ausgestatteten und öffentlich zugänglichen Hochleistungsladestation, wobei während des zweiten Ladevorgangs die Zuführung eines Kühlmittels zum Akkumulator vorgesehen ist, um diesen über den zweiten Zeitraum zu kühlen.

From the DE 11 2012 003 109 T5 a method for charging an accumulator of an electric vehicle is known, which takes place as follows:

• Charging the accumulator over a first period of about eight to twelve hours overnight in a garage and then charging the accumulator over a second period of about five to ten minutes at a publicly accessible high-capacity charging station equipped for fast charging, during the second charging process the Supply of a coolant to the accumulator is provided in order to cool it over the second period.

The first charging period can be designed in such a way that the accumulator is not fully charged, but only up to a specific charging level, for example up to a capacity of 50% to 80%. The coolant may be an oil drawn from the high capacity charging station and supplied to the accumulator at a rate of one liter per second or faster during the second charging period.

This variant is impracticable because a pipe network for the coolant supply to the charging stations would have to be laid, which could not be financed.

object of the invention

Proceeding from this state of the art, the object of the invention is to create a system of the type described above that does not even allow the problem of long charging times to arise and yet does not require an internal combustion engine with its disadvantages that are harmful to the environment.

solution of the task

This object is achieved by a system having the characterizing features of claim 1.

Further advantageous refinements of the invention are specified in the dependent claims.

Advantages of the Invention

The advantages achieved by the invention are, in particular, that the previous disadvantages of pure electric vehicles, namely the installation of many millions of sockets on the streets and the long waiting time for charging the battery, are eliminated, since changing the batteries does not take more time than for refueling with petrol or other fuels.

Another advantage is that none of the existing gas stations would have to close, which would result in mass unemployment, because these gas stations could facilitate the gradual transition from storing and selling gasoline and other fuels to charging empty batteries on the one hand and selling and replacing charged batteries on the other into the electric vehicles on the other hand.

character list

• 1 ein Schema einer Tankstelle im umgerüsteten Zustand,
• 2 ein Schema eines Elektrofahrzeugs im Betriebszustand und
• 3 ein solches Schema im Zustand des Austauschs von Akkumulatoren.

An embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing and is described in detail below. Show it

• 1 a scheme of a gas station in the converted state,
• 2 a scheme of an electric vehicle in the operating state and
• 3 such a scheme in the state of replacing accumulators.

the 1 shows a conventional gas station 10 with six pumps 13 for gasoline or other liquid fuels, also with a charging station 11 for charging discharged accumulators 3 and a storage facility 12 for charged accumulators 3.

the 2 FIG. 1 shows an electric vehicle with four wheels 2 and two electric motors 1, each of the two front wheels or the two rear wheels 2 being driven by an electric motor 1. FIG.

To feed the two electric motors 1, an electrical energy store is provided, which consists of a large number of correspondingly small, for example twenty to thirty, rechargeable batteries 3, preferably lithium-ion rechargeable batteries, which are arranged on a carrier 5, which in turn is located within the Body 9 of the electric vehicle running rails 6 is slidably mounted. For the sake of simplicity, only six accumulators 3 are shown in the figures. The greater the number of accumulators 3, the lower the weight of an individual accumulator 3, so that it can be easily replaced by one person, if possible without tools.

In the area of the rails 6 running through the body 9 of the electric vehicle, plug contacts 7 are arranged which are electrically connected to a switching device 4 and are connected to the electrical connection terminals 8 of the accumulators 3 in the operating state.

While the electric vehicle is driving, the state of charge of the accumulator 3 connected to the electric motor 1 is checked in the switching device 4 . When this is almost discharged, the electric motor 1 is separated from the discharged accumulator 3 and connected to a fully charged accumulator 3 .

When most of the accumulators 3 are discharged, the discharged accumulators 3 can be exchanged for fully charged accumulators 3 at a gas station 10 . For this, as in the 3 shown, push the carrier 5 with the accumulators 3 located on it on the rails 6 running within the body 9 of the electric vehicle at least halfway out of the body 9 on both sides, so that the discharged accumulators 3 can be removed and replaced with fully charged accumulators 3 can be replaced. This process takes no longer than the previous refueling of petrol.

The number of accumulators 3 should expediently be significantly higher than is shown in simplified form in the figures, for example twenty to thirty, so that the weight of an individual accumulator 3 is so low that it can be easily replaced by one person without tools if possible.

The previous gas stations 10 can charge the accumulators 3 without great effort, so that a nationwide supply is ensured in the short term. In this way it is avoided that in Germany alone tens of thousands of filling stations 10 would have to close and that millions of charging stations would have to be set up nationwide in Germany alone.

Reference List

1

electric motor

2

wheel

3

accumulator

4

switching device

5

carrier

6

rail

7

plug contact

8th

terminal block

9

body

10

Gas station

11

charging station

12

storage

13

pump

QUOTES INCLUDED IN DESCRIPTION

This list of documents cited by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent Literature Cited

• DE 102006040478 A1 [0004]
• DE 10153509 A1 [0005]
• DE 112012003109 T5 [0006]

Claims (4)

System for converting conventional filling stations from dispensing liquid fuels for vehicles with internal combustion engines to dispensing and/or exchanging electrical energy stores for electric vehicles, characterized by the following features: a) the energy stores for electric vehicles are divided into a large number of handy accumulators (3), which, when charged, serve to feed electric motors (1) for driving electric vehicles and which, when discharged, are exchanged for charged accumulators (3) in one of the conventional filling stations (10), b) in these filling stations (10), charging stations ( 11) installed for charging discharged accumulators (3) and storage facilities (12) for storing charged accumulators (3), c) according to the increase in electric vehicles and the reduction in vehicles with internal combustion engines, the number of charging stations (11) for charging discharged accumulators (3) and the pre ratslager (12) for storing charged accumulators (3) increased and the number of dispensers (13) for liquid fuels reduced accordingly. electric vehicle for a system claim 1 , characterized in that the accumulators (3) are arranged on a carrier (5) which is displaceably mounted on rails (6) running inside the body (9) of the electric vehicle and in each case at least halfway to both sides or to the front and / or rear of the body (9) can be pushed out. electric vehicle after claim 2 , characterized in that in the area of the rails (6) running through the body (9) of the electric vehicle there are plug contacts (7) which are electrically connected to the switching device (4) and are connected to the electrical connection terminals (8) of the in their working position Accumulators (3) can be connected. electric vehicle according to one of the Claims 1 until 3 , characterized in that lithium-ion accumulators are used as accumulators (3).

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