DE102020005081A1 - Flexible textile structure, method of manufacturing a flexible textile structure, floor member having a flexible textile structure, method of manufacturing a floor member, ground wire protection system and method of manufacturing a ground wire protection system, and use of the floor member. - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a flexible textile structure (1) for producing a floor component (12). Such a floor component (12) has a filling material (13) which sets and/or hardens under the influence of moisture. Such ground components (12) are used in particular to protect ground lines. According to the invention, the flexible textile structure (1) has a coating (7, 11). The coating (7, 11) is preferably self-dissolving and/or has openings (8). In both cases, it is possible for the floor component (12) after it has been installed to become rigid or semi-rigid as a result of the ingress of moisture.

Description

The invention relates to a flexible textile structure consisting of two flat textile layers which are at a distance from one another and thus form a cavity for receiving a filling material, and consisting of pile threads which connect the two flat textile layers to one another. The invention also relates to a method for manufacturing such a flexible textile structure. The invention further relates to a floor component with such a flexible textile structure and a method for producing the floor component.

Floor construction elements of this type are used in different applications. For example, they are used to strengthen floor structures or for sealing. As a rule, a mineral filling material is used, which sets under the influence of moisture and forms a semi-solid or solid structure. For this purpose, the filling material usually contains a proportion of cement. Therefore, such floor components are also called concrete mats. The flexible textile structure mentioned is also commonly referred to as a geotextile.

With the increasing generation of regenerative energy, the need for underground high and extra-high voltage lines is growing. In order to protect them from accidental damage, such self-hardening floor components can be used. These are installed above the buried lines and covered with soil and/or sand and/or gravel.

The invention therefore also relates to a ground line protection system with a ground component and a method for producing a ground line protection system with a ground component, but also other uses of a ground component.

It has proven to be disadvantageous that there is a high exposure to dust, in particular from the mineral filling material, during the production, transport and installation of known floor construction elements. In addition, conventional self-hardening floor construction elements do not allow easy and clean material separation of their components during dismantling.

The invention is based on the object of creating a possibility of providing a flexible textile structure or a floor component which overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art.

Furthermore, the invention is also based on the object of creating a use of the ground component, in particular a ground line protection system, which is improved over the prior art.

These objects are achieved according to the invention with a device according to the features of claims 1, 12 and 15 and with a method according to the features of claims 10, 13 and 16 and with a use according to the features of claim 17.

The further development of the invention can be found in the dependent claims.

According to the invention, a device, in particular a flexible textile structure, is provided which has two flat textile layers which are at a distance from one another and thus form a cavity for accommodating a filling material. The flexible textile structure also consists of pile threads which connect the two flat textile layers to one another, with the pile threads extending in particular through the cavity and being connected to the two flat textile layers. According to the invention it is provided that at least one of the flat textile layers has at least one coating which reduces or prevents the permeability of the flat textile layers to moisture and/or dust. The coating is preferably provided with openings at regular or irregular intervals and/or the coating can be dissolved, preferably under the influence of moisture.

This opens up the possibility that, in particular when producing a floor component with such a flexible textile structure, for example when filling in the mineral and fine-grained filling material, fewer particles get into the environment through the textile structure compared to the known prior art. This means that exposure to dust can be significantly reduced during manufacture, transport or installation. As a result, the people who are involved in the production, transport or installation of the floor component are exposed to smaller amounts of dust. Furthermore, the partial or full-surface reduction of the permeability of the textile structure ensures that the filling material is completely retained.

According to the invention, a floor component is also provided. In this case, a floor component is understood to be a flexible textile structure according to the above description, which is filled in its cavity with a dry bulk material as filling material. The filling material is preferably a mineral material, in particular with a proportion of cement. In one aspect, the filler material set and become stiff or semi-rigid under the influence of a liquid, especially water.

One embodiment of the floor component provides that the filling material is dry when it is introduced into the cavity of the flexible textile structure, ie has a residual moisture content of less than 5%, in particular less than 1%, preferably less than 0.1%.

One aspect of the invention is that at least one of the flat textile layers consists of a woven fabric, knitted fabric, or a combination thereof. Various materials can be used for this, natural fibers as well as synthetic fibers. The two flat textile layers preferably have the same structure and/or the same materials. This enables a more cost-effective and resource-saving and thus sustainable production. Equally, however, embodiments are also possible in which the layers differ in terms of their structure and/or the materials used. This allows special purposes to be taken into account. For example, as described below, one of the plies may be provided with a particular thread for orientation marking, damage warning or engineering reinforcement, while the other ply is free of that particular thread.

A textile layer in the form of a fabric consists of warp threads and weft threads. Metal alloys or mineral substances, for example basalt threads, are preferably used as the material for the weft threads. These have high rigidity and durability. The weft threads can serve as reinforcement for a filling material that can be bound. Furthermore, the use of these materials avoids the formation of microplastics during production, transport, installation in the ground or during the period of operation. The floor construction element created in this way can also be disposed of free of plastic at the end of its useful life or can be reused.

The warps are made of a flexible material to facilitate production of the fabric, textile structure and floor member. The flexibility of the warp threads makes it possible, for example, to transport the textile structure wound with the two textile layers or the individual textile layers or to roll it up when filling the cavity between the two textile layers. A preferred embodiment provides that the warp threads consist of a compostable, ie biodegradable material, preferably one that can be dissolved under the influence of moisture. This can be, for example, natural fibers, animal hair and/or biopolymers.

One aspect is that the materiality of warp threads and weft threads mentioned above is reversed. So the warp threads are made of the rigid and/or durable material described and the weft threads are made of the flexible and/or degradable material.

Another aspect is that some of the warp threads differ in terms of material and/or technical properties. It is also possible that some of the weft threads differ in terms of material and/or technical properties.

The fabric is not tied to a specific type of weave. For example, plain weaves, ribbed weaves, panama weaves, twill weaves or satin weaves can be used. Since the invention is not limited to one type of weave, other forms of weave and variants are also possible.

The coating of at least one of the layers leads to the further advantage that the structure of the layers is not damaged when handling the textile structure or the floor component, in particular when filling in the filling material. With a woven layer, the coating ensures that the fabric does not shift locally. This counteracts the formation of holes in the layers.

Provision is preferably made for the size of the openings and/or the areal density of the openings to be uniform. The openings can be distributed in the form of a regular or irregular pattern. This makes it possible to quickly distinguish between different types of textile structures or floor construction elements based on the pattern. In day-to-day work on the construction site, this has the advantage that there is no need to laboriously search for possibly soiled type plates during handling and before, during or after installation. The specific sample can already be used to identify which product is involved in the individual case.

However, the size and/or areal density of the openings can also vary. The areal density is preferably almost uniform over several square meters of the textile structure, ie with a deviation within the tolerance range of ±10 percent. In the case of an irregular pattern, the individual openings differ in their shape and/or size and/or the distance to the next opening. This has its origin che in or is achieved by the method of producing the openings, for example in which a coating is applied over the entire surface and bubbles are produced in the coating which has not yet hardened, which bubbles burst and thus form the openings in the coating.

One aspect is that the areal density of the openings is less than 4000 square centimeters per square meter, preferably in a range between 2000 square centimeters per square meter and 100 square centimeters per square meter. The areal density of the openings is determined as the quotient of the opening area of the openings per area of the coating or the textile layer. This achieves a good compromise between a desired permeability of moisture into the cavity and a desired impermeability for small particles and dust out of the cavity. This is possible in particular if the coating ensures that the structure of the textile layer, which is preferably designed as a fabric, does not change significantly. The coating sticks the threads of the textile layer together. This means that the threads cannot move away from one another, or only very slightly, even in the area of the openings. If there are no openings in the textile layer that are large enough to let dust or small particles of the filling material through, then the exposure to dust is not only reduced during production. This also has advantages when transporting and deploying the base component. Less dust deposits on the outside of the textile layer means that a further coating can be applied and less effort, for example on packaging during transport.

All of the openings can be identical in terms of their size, ie cross section and/or opening area. However, it is just as possible for the openings to have different sizes. It has proven advantageous that the individual openings do not exceed a cross-sectional dimension of 10 centimeters and/or an opening area of 5 square centimeters. This achieves a good compromise between a desired permeability of moisture into the cavity and a desired impermeability for small particles and dust out of the cavity. It has been found that such a measure makes sense in order to maintain the integrity of the structure of the textile layer, in particular with regard to its dustproofness.

One embodiment of the coating is that all openings have a longitudinal extent and a transverse extent, the longitudinal extent being greater than the transverse extent by a factor of 2 to 15, in particular in the case of more than half of all openings. A special development of this embodiment provides that the longitudinal extensions of all openings are aligned parallel to one another. In this way, a high stability of the structure of the textile layer can be achieved particularly well. In the case of a textile layer in the form of a woven fabric, the longitudinal extensions of the openings are preferably aligned at an angle to the more elastic or more flexible threads, in particular to the warp threads. The angle is in a range of 10° to 90° for the orientation of the warps.

Another aspect relates to the color of the coating. Accordingly, the at least one coating has a contrasting color. The contrasting color of the coating is preferably chosen to contrast with the color of the sheet to which the coating is applied. However, it is just as possible that the contrasting color is selected in contrast to another coating and/or to a surrounding floor material. This enables better detection of the floor component in the event of damage. The coating preferably shows text and/or symbols which, for example, can indicate dangers in the ground, in particular below the floor component.

In the context of this invention, the term damage is understood to mean the event that a machine during excavation work touches or damages the floor component laid in the ground. Due to the design of the base component, the machine operator is warned by touching or damaging the base component that a sensitive structure, for example a line, is laid below the base component. In the event of damage, this means that the floor component may be damaged, but the structure protected by that floor component is protected from accidental damage.

One aspect is that one of the flat textile layers, preferably the lower one of the flat textile layers, consists of a material which is biodegradable. This makes it easier to dismantle the floor construction element, in particular without leaving any residue, after several decades of use. Above all, the bioresorption of one layer not only means that it does not have to be removed from the ground, but at the same time a better material separation of the at least partially hardened filling material from the textile structure is made possible.

Another aspect concerns the pile threads. It is possible that this alternative to at least one of the layers or in addition to at least one of the layers consist of a material which is biodegradable. This makes it easier to dismantle the floor component, since the planar textile layers can be very easily removed from the hardened filling material by dissolving the pile threads, and all the components of the floor component can therefore be easily separated in terms of material.

As already indicated above, it is a particularly advantageous embodiment of the textile structure if at least one of the flat textile layers has at least one thread which is produced in a warning color for the remaining material of this textile layer and/or the surrounding floor material.

It is particularly preferred that the thread designed in a warning color is not biodegradable but long-term resistant to moisture and/or acids and/or bases and/or to salts and/or the effects of UV light. This ensures that the thread is retained over the service life of the floor component installed in the ground and can thus give a machine operator a warning about the floor component or the line installed underneath in the event of damage. The thread is designed for a service life of at least 50 years, preferably for a service life of up to 100 years, particularly preferably for a service life of up to 250 years.

According to one embodiment it is provided that at least one coating on at least one of the layers, in particular a full-area coating, consists of a material which is biodegradable. This makes it possible for this coating, with its function of stabilizing the structure of the textile layer and/or reducing the passage of dust and fine grain through the layer during production of the floor component, its storage and transport, and finally during installation of the floor component to Available. The coating is then quickly dissolved by active moistening after installation or by the naturally occurring soil moisture. This allows moisture to penetrate into the floor component in a timely manner, which accelerates the start of the hardening of the filling material in the floor component.

In particular in the case of a full-surface coating, the filling material is protected from the ingress of moisture from the production of the floor component to the installation of the floor component. At the same time, the tightness up to installation ensures that dust and fine grain cannot escape from the floor construction element. The dissolution of the coating makes it possible for moisture to penetrate into the floor component, thus enabling the filling material to harden.

According to the invention, the term fine grain includes solid particles with a diameter of less than 10 millimeters, in particular with a diameter of less than 2 millimeters.

The at least one full-area, closed and detachable coating and/or the at least one coating with perforations can be applied to the side of a layer facing away from the cavity, but also to a side of the textile structure facing the cavity. A full-surface coating is a coating that is free of openings. It is also possible for several coatings to be applied to one another.

According to one embodiment, two coatings are applied one on top of the other, ie in two layers, on one side of the textile layer. It is provided, for example, that a coating with perforations, preferably in a warning color, is first applied to the textile layer. A second, full-surface coating is then applied to this first coating, which dissolves under the influence of moisture.

Another embodiment provides that a dissolvable full-area coating is applied to that side of a layer which faces the cavity of the textile structure. This ensures that the coating is protected against damage from external influences. Such effects can occur in particular when handling the textile structure during manufacture, storage and transport of the floor component.

The information about the first and second coating does not define the order of application. Depending on the embodiment, either the second coating first and then the first coating can be applied to a textile layer, or the first coating first and then the second coating can be applied to the textile layer. The coatings can be applied to the same side of the textile layer or to different sides of the textile layer.

1. a) Bereitstellen einer Struktur aus zwei flächigen textilen Lagen. Diese beiden Lagen werden in einem späteren Schritt des Verbindens mit Polfäden untereinander verbunden oder sind beim Bereitstellen bereits mit Polfäden untereinander verbunden;
2. b) Beschichten wenigstens einer der zwei flächigen textilen Lagen mit einer Beschichtung, vorzugsweise auf einer den Polfäden abgewandten Seite.

According to the invention, there is also provided a method for manufacturing a flexible textile structure, in which the following steps are carried out:

1. a) Providing a structure of two flat textile layers. These two layers are connected to one another in a later step of connecting with pile threads or are already connected to one another with pile threads when ready;
2. b) coating at least one of the two flat textile layers with a coating, preferably on a side facing away from the pile threads.

Coating can be done in three ways. According to the first type of coating, the at least one coating is applied over the entire surface in one application step. According to the second type of coating, the at least one coating is applied over the entire surface in an application step, with openings being made in the coating in a removal step after the application. This can be done by blistering and/or mechanical removal and/or by partially picking up the fresh coating, for example using a stamping roller. According to the third type of coating, the at least one coating is applied in an application step in a structure which has openings. This is done, for example, using a printing process.

Connecting the layers by means of the pile threads in a later step preferably takes place before the first or the second coating. The joining of the layers by means of pile threads in a later step can also take place before, during or after the introduction of filling material into the cavity.

A further aspect of the method relates to the application of a further coating. For this purpose, a further step involves coating according to one of the types explained above. The further coating is preferably applied in an application step in which the further coating is applied to the already existing coating and/or to the flat textile layer. However, the further coating can also be applied to the other side of the textile layer.

The further, in particular second, coating can preferably be full-area and/or closed, that is to say free of openings, and/or be transparent in terms of colour. If a further coating is applied to the already coated side of the flat textile layer, this ensures, particularly in the area of the openings in the existing coating, that the textile layer is also impervious in the area of the openings.

According to the invention, a method for producing a floor component is also provided, in which at least three steps are carried out. The order given below is an example. According to the invention, any other sensible order of the steps for producing a floor component can also be used. In a first step of providing, a structure, in particular a textile structure, is provided which, according to the first alternative, consists of two flat textile layers which are connected to one another in a later step of connecting with pile threads. According to the second alternative, a structure, in particular a textile structure, is provided in the first step of providing, which consists of two flat textile layers that are already connected to one another with pile threads.

According to one aspect, the pile threads are self-supporting, ie designed to be pressure-resistant. Such pile threads keep the two layers at a distance and ensure a permanent cavity between the layers of the textile structure. This makes it easier to fill in the filling material. Alternatively, the pile threads can also be designed to be limp, so that they can only absorb tensile forces. As a result, a textile structure can be provided which takes up less space during transport and storage prior to filling with the filling material.

In a second step of the coating, the coating of at least one flat textile layer is provided. This coating can also take place before the step of providing a structure which has two flat textile layers. For example, the individual layer or the individual layers can be coated first and only then are two layers provided together.

In the coating step, at least one of the two flat textile layers is provided with a coating, in particular on a side facing away from the pile threads. According to a first alternative, the at least one coating is applied over the entire surface in an application step. As a result, a closed coating can be produced in a simple manner. According to a second alternative, the at least one coating is applied over the entire surface in an application step and, after the application, openings are made in the coating in a removal step. In this way, a coating can be produced which, on the one hand, supports the integrity of the structure and thus reduces the passage of dust and fines through the structure. At the same time, because of the perforations, the coating is permeable to moisture, which can penetrate the structure. The removal takes place by blistering of the coating or by mechanical action on the coating, for example by means of abrasive methods. Also it is possible to take up part of the coating again before it has hardened using printing techniques, for example via a stamping roller. In a third alternative, it is proposed in an application step to apply the at least one coating in the form of a structure having openings, in particular using a printing process. As a result, the coating with the openings can be applied in one operation.

A further step is provided for the production of the floor component. In a filling step, a mineral filling material is filled into a cavity between the two flat textile layers. This step preferably takes place after the coating step, in particular as the last of the three steps mentioned. If the two textile layers were provided without connections via pile threads, then the two textile layers are connected to one another via the pile threads at the latest immediately before, during or after filling.

The use of flexible threads in the textile layers and/or in the pile threads makes it easy to fill in the filling material. To do this, the textile structure is folded or gathered. A filling tool is placed in the cavity between the layers. The gathered or folded textile structure is preferably pushed onto the filling tool. As the filling progresses, the already filled section of the textile structure is moved away from the filling tool.

The pile threads are subjected to tensile stress during handling and movement of the floor construction element, in particular during the filling step and during installation. When storing the floor component and in the installed state, the pile threads are generally not or only minimally subjected to tensile stress, the latter for example when using filling material which swells greatly when it absorbs moisture.

The filling material introduced during filling is preferably a powdered bulk material with a grain size of up to 20 millimeters, preferably up to 6.3 mm, in particular up to 2 millimeters.

One aspect of the method is that the longitudinal edges of the textile structure are connected before filling, in particular immediately before filling. This is preferably done by sewing, but other techniques are also possible, such as gluing or welding. With the joining of the edges, the textile structure, in particular the cavity of the textile structure, is closed.

Another optional method step in the manufacture of the floor component is that the textile structure is provided as a quasi-infinite web. Then, in a further embodiment of the method, it can be provided that the cavity of a section of the textile structure is filled with the filling material in the filling step and then, at the end of the filling in the section, the cavity is filled with one of the above-mentioned methods on one of the Transverse edges are closed and the section is separated from the further, almost endless textile structure.

Alternatively, it is just as possible that the textile structure is provided in exactly the size of the section. In this case, one of the transverse edges is preferably closed before the filling step. The longitudinal edges are also completely closed before the filling step or are closed successively during filling. After the completion of the filling, the cavity is then also closed at the other transverse edge.

According to the invention, a device is also provided, in particular a ground line protection system for a ground line, which has a longitudinal extension and comprises at least one subgrade layer and a ground component as described above. The formation layer is preferably made of a mineral material, with sand and/or gravel being used in particular. According to the invention, the subgrade layer is installed above the earth line to be protected. Furthermore, according to the invention, a ground component is placed above the subgrade layer on the subgrade layer. The floor component is designed as described above. According to the invention, the floor component protrudes beyond the ground line in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal extent of the ground line.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, a cover layer is arranged above the soil component and above the subgrade layer. This preferably consists of a mineral material and is in particular made of sand and/or gravel.

According to the present invention, there is further provided a method of manufacturing a ground wire protection system, which is performed after a ground wire is buried in a trench. In a first step of the introduction, a subgrade layer is introduced into the trench above the ground line. This subgrade layer preferably consists of a mineral material, in particular sand and/or gravel. In a further, subsequent, second step of the design, a floor component is placed on the planum layer laid out. The floor component is designed according to the features described above. It is preferably laid out by rolling it out. In a third installation step, a cover layer is installed on the floor component. The top layer preferably consists of a mineral material, in particular sand and/or gravel. In an optional and supplementary step of hydration, the base element is moistened. This step is preferably carried out immediately before or better after installing the top layer. However, it is also possible to carry out the hydration after the base component has been placed in place or even when the base component is placed in place.

One aspect of installing an earth line in a trench is that the line is not placed on the bottom of the trench, i.e. on the existing soil, but rather a bedding layer of sand and/or gravel in the trench before the earth line is installed in the trench is installed. According to a development, the bedding layer receives a specific surface treatment. After preparing the bedding layer, the ground wire is placed on the bedding layer.

The term hydration is understood on the one hand as artificial moistening, which relates in particular to the active activity of applying water to the material to be hydrated. When the floor component is installed in moist soil, moisture is naturally transported, in particular in the form of water, and this results in natural moistening as another variant of hydration.

A further aspect is that the formation layer and/or the top layer are compacted in layers during the introduction and/or after their complete introduction.

In this invention, the term ground line means lines for gases and/or liquids and/or solids and/or electricity and/or data, which are preferably installed underground.

According to the invention, it is finally provided that the floor component is available for use as a protection system for ground lines such as fluid or power lines, in order to protect them against mechanical effects, in particular during earthworks. In addition to protecting an earth line, the ground component is also available for other uses. The floor component can also be used to cover a prefabricated shelter, e.g. as in WO 2005/124063 A1 described, or to form a shelter by applying the fabric to a scaffold. Furthermore, it is possible that the floor member is used to form a path for vehicles, pedestrians or animals.

Other applications for the floor member are to form a casing for poured concrete, to form a barrier, for example in utility tunnels, or as a structure, particularly to repair or reinforce roofs. Also, the soil member can be used to form floors or moisture resistant structures, to reinforce earth structures such as river banks and slopes, to provide a means of protection against flooding, or to form a hard surface to reduce dust hazards and/or contain fuel spills, particularly in helipads and fuel stations, and runways.

Other uses of the soil member are to use the soil member to construct new pipelines or to repair existing pipes, including buried water pipes. It is also possible with the floor element to fireproof elements of new or existing structures, for example use as a fireproof cover or lining of chimneys.

A specific application of the soil component in coastal defense and flood protection is to use the soil component to reinforce sandbag structures and protect them from damage by the elements such as wind and/or salt water and/or degradation by ultraviolet light.

A specific application of the soil component as a moisture barrier or for soil and groundwater protection is, for example, the use of the soil component to line foundations and/or to prevent the seepage of chemical contaminants, for example for landfills or containment facilities for alternative fuels, or to provide a waterproof lining for to form the edging of water, such as a pond, a sewer lining and/or a water reservoir and/or a holding tank.

Other uses of the floor member are to form permanent awnings or roof structures, or to form artistic or decorative shapes, or to form hulls and/or deck structures of floating marine vehicles such as ships or pontoons.

In summary, the invention relates to a flexible textile structure for producing a floor element. Such a floor component has a filling material which sets and/or hardens under the influence of moisture. Such a ground component is used in particular to protect ground lines. According to the invention it is provided that the flexible textile structure has a coating. The coating is preferably designed to be self-dissolving and/or has perforations. In both cases it is possible that after the installation of the floor component, this can become rigid or semi-rigid due to the ingress of moisture. This makes it possible to make the handling of the floor construction element cleaner and to control the start of curing in a targeted manner.

• 1 eine schematische Darstellung einer flexiblen Textilstruktur;
• 2 eine Schnittdarstellung der flexiblen Textilstruktur aus 1 in einer ersten Ausführungsvariante;
• 3 eine Schnittdarstellung der flexiblen Textilstruktur aus 1 in einer zweiten Ausführungsvariante;
• 4 eine Schnittdarstellung der flexiblen Textilstruktur aus 1 in einer dritten Ausführungsvariante;
• 5 eine schematische Darstellung eines Verfahrens zur Herstellung einer flexiblen Textilstruktur gemäß 1;
• 6 eine schematische Darstellung eines Verfahrens zur Herstellung eines Bodenbauelements mit einer flexiblen Textilstruktur gemäß 1 und 4;
• 7 eine schematische Darstellung eines Verfahrens zur Herstellung eines Bodenbauelements mit einer flexiblen Textilstruktur gemäß 1 und 3;
• 8 eine Schnittdarstellung eines Erdleitungs-Schutzsystems;
• 9 eine schematische Darstellung eines Verfahrens zur Herstellung eines Erdleitungs-Schutzsystems
• 10 eine schematische Darstellung einer textilen Lage mit einer Beschichtung;
• 11 eine schematische Darstellung einer textilen Lage als Gewebe.

The invention permits various embodiments. To further clarify their basic principle, some of them are shown in the drawing and are described below. The drawing shows in

• 1 a schematic representation of a flexible textile structure;
• 2 a sectional view of the flexible textile structure 1 in a first variant;
• 3 a sectional view of the flexible textile structure 1 in a second variant;
• 4 a sectional view of the flexible textile structure 1 in a third embodiment variant;
• 5 a schematic representation of a method for producing a flexible textile structure according to 1 ;
• 6 a schematic representation of a method for producing a floor component with a flexible textile structure according to FIG 1 and 4 ;
• 7 a schematic representation of a method for producing a floor component with a flexible textile structure according to FIG 1 and 3 ;
• 8th a sectional view of a ground line protection system;
• 9 Fig. 12 is a schematic representation of a method of manufacturing a ground line protection system
• 10 a schematic representation of a textile layer with a coating;
• 11 a schematic representation of a textile layer as a fabric.

1 shows a flexible textile structure 1. The flexible textile structure 1 consists of a first flat textile layer 2 and a further flat textile layer 3. The two layers 2, 3 have a distance 4 to one another, through which between the two layers 2, 3 a Cavity 5 is formed. The cavity 5 is preferably used to accommodate one in the 2 and 3 shown filling material 13. The two layers 2, 3 are connected by pile threads 6 together.

Each of the two flat textile layers 2, 3 can consist of a woven fabric, knitted fabric, or a combination thereof. Both layers 2, 3 preferably consist of a fabric. According to a further aspect, the pile threads 6 can consist of a woven fabric, a knitted fabric, a crocheted fabric and/or a twisted yarn. The pile threads 6 are preferably connected to the layers 2, 3.

According to the invention, at least one coating 7 , 11 is applied to one flat textile layer 2 . This coating 7, 11 reduces or prevents the permeability of the flat textile layer 2, 3 to moisture and/or dust. According to a preferred embodiment, both layers 2, 3 are provided with at least one coating. At least one of the coatings 7, 11 has perforations 8 at regular or irregular intervals, as shown in FIGS 2 and 3 shown in more detail.

In the present invention, dust is understood to mean solids with a particle size of less than or equal to 2 millimeters, preferably less than or equal to 0.1 millimeter.

In this exemplary embodiment, the coatings 7, 11 are applied to the outside of the layers 2, 3, based on the hollow space 5 as the inside of the textile structure 1. Alternatively, at least one of the coatings 7, 11 can also be applied to the inside of at least one of the textile layers 2, 3. The coating 7, 11 is applied before the two layers 2, 3 are connected by means of the pile threads 6.

According to a further aspect, at least one of the flat textile layers 2, 3 can have at least one thread 9, which is designed in a warning or contrasting color to the flat textile layer 2, 3 or the area around the installation site. Alternatively or additionally, at least one of the coatings 7, 11 can be designed in a warning or contrasting color.

2 , 3 and 4 show a first embodiment of the textile structure 1 consisting of a first lower textile layer 3, an upper textile layer 2 and one between the layers 2, 3 introduced filling material 13. The filling material 13 is preferably a mineral material, in particular with a proportion of cement, which hardens under the influence of moisture and / or sets and taken by itself and / or in cooperation with the textile structure 1 a rigid or semi-rigid structure forms. The textile structure 1 filled with the filling material 13 is referred to as a floor component 12 at least in the non-hardened state of the filling material 13 . To illustrate the construction principle, the coatings 7, 11 of the layers 2, 3 are shown only for the upper layer 2. The lower layer 3 can also have one or more coatings 7, 11 or, as shown, be free of coatings 7, 11. The coatings 7, 11 are preferred and applied to the outside of the layers 2, 3 as shown here. However, it is just as possible for at least one of the coatings 7, 11 to be applied to an inside of at least one of the layers 2, 3.

2 shows that the upper layer 2 has a coating 7,11. This coating has openings 8 of different sizes at irregular intervals, the areal density or the area proportion of the openings in the total area preferably being approximately constant over a standardized surface area of at least one square decimeter.

3 shows a similar floor component 12 as 2 , but with two coatings 7, 11 on the top layer. In this exemplary embodiment, the first coating 7 has openings 8 through which moisture, in particular water, can reach the filling material 13 and can thus cause it to harden and/or set. The second coating 11 is designed here as a closed coating 11, ie free of openings 8. The second coating 11 is preferably designed in such a way that it can dissolve under the influence of moisture and thus allows moisture to access the filling material 13 .

4 shows a similar floor component 12 as 3 , but with an inverted structure of the two coatings 7, 11. In this case, the continuous, full-surface coating 11 is applied to the upper layer 2. The coating 7 with the openings 8 is applied to the full-surface coating 11 . Moisture, in particular water, can get through the openings 8 to the water-soluble coating 11 and then through the textile layer 2 to the filling material 13 and thus cause it to harden and/or set.

5 shows the steps 19, 21, 14 of a method 10 for producing a flexible textile structure such as that in 1 is described. In a first step 19, the textile structure is provided from two flat textile layers 2, 3, which are connected in a subsequent step 21. In the next step 14, at least one of the layers 2, 3 is coated with at least one coating 7, 11. The coating 7, 11 is applied 15, 18 to one of the layers 2, 3 either over the entire surface or with openings 8, or a coating material is applied over the entire surface to one of the layers 2, 3 16 and then partially removed to create the openings 8 17. In a further step 35, an additional coating 11 can optionally be applied, preferably over the entire surface, to one of the layers 2, 3 15.

6 shows a method 20 for producing a floor component with a flexible textile structure, as for example in FIG 4 is shown, wherein after the provision 19 and the connection 21 of the layers 2, 3 in a coating step 35 a full-surface coating 11 is applied 15 to one of the two layers 2, 3. Then, in a filling step 22 , a mineral filling material 13 is filled into the cavity 5 between the two flat textile layers 2 , 3 . Since the at least one textile layer 2, 3 was completely closed with the coating 11 during the previous coating 35, no dust can pass through the coated layers 2, 3. So it is possible after the filling 22 of the filling material 13 a further coating 14 takes place. The flexible textile structure 1 can preferably be individually printed here.

7 12 shows another embodiment of the method 20 for producing a floor component. After the step of providing 19 the two textile layers 2, 3, the step of coating 14 is carried out. A coating 7, 11 can be applied 15, 18 to one of the layers 2, 3 either over the entire surface or with openings 8, or a coating material is applied over the entire surface to one of the layers 2, 3 16 and then partially removed to create the openings 8 17. The two layers are then connected in the connecting step 21 to form a flexible textile structure 1 which has a hollow space 5 for accommodating a filling material 13 . After the connection 21, a further coating step 35 can then optionally be carried out, in which a further coating 11 is applied 15 to one of the layers 2, 3, preferably over the entire surface. Finally, in the last step, the filling material is introduced into the cavity 5 22.

8th 12 shows a ground wire protection system 23 for a ground wire 24. The ground wire protection system 23 comprises a mineral formation layer 25, which preferably consists of sand and/or gravel and which is built in above the ground line 24. The ground line protection system 23 further includes a ground member 12 as shown in FIGS 2 , 3 and 4 shown. The ground component 12 is laid out above the ground line 24 on the subgrade layer 25 and protrudes beyond the ground line 24 on both sides orthogonally to its longitudinal extension. Finally, the ground line protection system 23 also includes a cover layer 26 . This preferably consists of sand and is installed above the subgrade layer 25 and above the soil component 12 .

9 shows the exemplary sequence of a method 30 for producing a ground line protection system 23 for a ground line 24. After a ground line 24 has been laid in a trench 29, in a first step of the introduction 31 above the ground line 24 in the trench 29 mineral planum layer 25 introduced. The subgrade layer 25 preferably consists of sand and/or gravel. In a subsequent second step of laying out 32, a soil component 12 is laid out or rolled out on the subgrade layer 25. In a third installation step 33 , a cover layer 26 is installed on the base component 12 . Top layer 26 and subgrade layer 25 preferably consist of sand and/or gravel. It is optionally possible that in a further step of hydration 34 the base component 12 is actively moistened. This can be done, for example, by introducing water into the ditch 29 . The hydrogenation step 34 can be carried out before or after the incorporation 33 of the cover layer 26 .

10 shows a schematic representation of a textile layer 2, 3 with a coating 11, which has numerous different openings 8. The openings 8 have a longitudinal extent 38 and a transverse extent 39. All openings 8 are aligned with their longitudinal extent 38 parallel to one another. Furthermore, in all openings 8, the longitudinal extensions 38 are larger than the transverse extensions 39.

11 shows a schematic representation of a section of a textile layer 2, 3, which is designed as a fabric. The textile layer 2, 3 consists of several weft threads 36 and several warp threads 37. In the embodiment shown here, the fabric has a so-called plain weave. However, the invention is not limited to this weave. Other binding forms and variants are also possible. According to the exemplary embodiment, the warp threads 37 are made of a flexible material which is preferably organically degradable. This can be natural fibers or animal hair, for example. As a result, the filling of a textile structure 1 made of two spaced-apart textile layers 2, 3, as in 1 shown, relieved. For the use of the filled textile structure 1 as a floor component 12, as in 2 and 3 As shown, it has been found useful that the weft threads 36 be made of a stiff and durable material. So they can serve as reinforcement for the hardened filling material 13 . Metal alloys or mineral substances, for example basalt threads, should preferably be used as the material for the weft threads 36 . This avoids the formation of microplastics during production, transport, installation in the ground or during the period of operation. The floor component 12 created in this way can also be disposed of free of plastic at the end of its useful life.

Reference List

1

Flexible textile structure

2

flat textile layer

3

flat textile layer

4

distance

5

cavity

6

pile threads

7

coating

8th

breakthrough

9

thread

10

Process for manufacturing a flexible textile structure

11

coating

12

floor element

13

filling material

14

coating (first coating)

15

Instruct

16

apply

17

Remove

18

Instruct

19

Provide

20

Method of manufacturing a floor element

21

Connect

22

fill in

23

Earth line protection system

24

ground wire

25

subgrade layer

26

top layer

27

bedding layer

28

soil

29

dig

30

Method of manufacturing an earth line protection system

31

bring in

32

lay out

33

build in

34

Hydrogenate

35

coating (second coating)

36

weft thread

37

warp thread

38

longitudinal extent

39

transverse extent

QUOTES INCLUDED IN DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents cited by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent Literature Cited

• WO 2005/124063 A1 [0062]

Claims (17)

Flexible textile structure (1), consisting of two flat textile layers (2, 3) which are at a distance (4) from one another and thus form a cavity (5) for receiving a filling material (13), made of pile threads (6) which connect the two flat textile layers (2, 3) to one another, characterized in that at least one of the flat textile layers (2, 3) has at least one coating (7, 11) which increases the permeability of the flat textile layer (2, 3) for Moisture and/or dust is reduced or prevented, and one of the at least one coating (7, 11) is perforated with openings (8) at regular or irregular intervals. Flexible textile structure (1) according to claim 1 , wherein at least one of the flat textile layers (2, 3) consists of a woven fabric, knitted fabric, crocheted fabric or a combination thereof. Flexible textile structure (1) according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the size of the openings (8) and/or the areal density of the openings (8) is uniform, in particular forming a pattern. Flexible textile structure (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the coating (7, 11) is designed in a contrasting color to one of the flat textile layers (2, 3). Flexible textile structure (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a coating (7, 11), in particular a full-surface coating (7, 11), consists of a material which is biodegradable. Flexible textile structure (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, which has a first coating (7) and at least one second coating (11). Flexible textile structure (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein one of the flat textile layers (2, 3), preferably the lower one of the flat textile layers (2, 3), consists of a material which is biodegradable. Flexible textile structure (1) according to one of the preceding claims, in which the pile threads (6) consist of a material which is biodegradable. Flexible textile structure (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one of the flat textile layers (2, 3) has at least one thread (9) which is produced in a warning color. Method (10) for producing a flexible textile structure (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, with the steps: a) Providing (19) a structure which consists of two flat textile layers (2, 3) which are connected to one another in a later step of connecting (21) with pile threads (6), or which consists of two flat textile layers (2, 3) which are already connected to one another with pile threads (6), and b) Coating (14) of at least one of the two flat textile layers (2, 3) with a coating (7, 11), in particular on a side facing away from the pile threads (6), wherein either in an application step (15) the at least one coating (7, 11) is applied over the entire surface or in an application step (16) the at least one coating (7, 11) is applied over the entire surface and after the application (16) in a step of removal (17) openings (8) are made in the coating (7, 11). or in an application step (18), the at least one coating (7, 11) is applied in the form of a structure having openings (8), in particular using a printing process. Method (10) according to claim 10 , wherein in a further step a coating (35) is carried out, with a further coating (7, 11) being applied, which is carried out after the step of coating (14), the further coating (7, 11) on the already existing coating (7, 11) and/or is applied to the flat textile layer (2, 3) or which is carried out before the step of coating (14), the further coating (7, 11) being applied to the flat textile layer ( 2, 3) is applied. Floor construction element (12) with a flexible textile structure (1), in particular according to the preamble of claim 1 , and with a mineral filling material (13), which is introduced as bulk material into the cavity (5) of the flexible textile structure (1) and which can in particular set to become rigid or semi-rigid, characterized in that the flexible textile structure (1) according to at least one of the preceding Claims 1 until 10 is executed. Method (20) for producing a floor construction element (12) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that a) in a providing step (19), first a structure is provided which consists of two flat textile layers (2, 3), which are connected to one another with pile threads (6) in a later connecting step (21), or which consists of two flat textile layers (2, 3) which are already connected to one another with pile threads (6), and b) in one step of the coating (14), at least one of the two flat textile layers (2, 3) is provided with a coating (7, 11), in particular on a side facing away from the pile threads (6), with either in a step of application (15) the at least one coating (7, 11) is applied over the entire surface or in an application step (16) the at least one coating (7, 11) is applied over the entire surface and after the application (16) in a removal step (17) Openings (8) are made in the coating (7, 11). or in an application step (18) one of the at least one coating (7, 11) is applied in the form of a structure having openings (8), in particular using a printing process, and c) in a filling step (22), in particular after the coating (14), a mineral filling material (13) is filled into a cavity (5) between the two flat textile layers (2, 3). Method (20) for producing a floor component (12). Claim 13 , wherein in a further step a coating (35) is carried out, with a further coating (7, 11) being applied, which is carried out after the step of coating (14), the further coating (7, 11) on the already existing coating (7, 11) and/or is applied to the flat textile layer (2, 3), or which is carried out before the step of coating (14), the further coating (7, 11) being applied to the flat textile layer (2, 3) is applied. Ground line protection system (23) for a ground line (24) which has a longitudinal extent, comprising a mineral subgrade layer (25), preferably made of sand and/or gravel, which is installed above the ground line (24), a soil component (12) according to claim 12 , which is laid out above the ground line (24) on the subgrade layer (25), and the ground line (24) protrudes orthogonally to the longitudinal extension, and a cover layer (26), in particular made of sand, which is above the subgrade layer (25) and above of the floor component (12) is installed. Method (30) for producing a ground line protection system (23) for a ground line (24), wherein in a first step of insertion (31), after a ground line (24) has been laid in a trench (29), above the ground line ( 24) a mineral planum layer (25), preferably made of sand and/or gravel, is introduced into the trench (29), in a subsequent second step of laying out (32) the ground component (12) according to claim 12 is laid out on the subgrade layer (25), in particular by rolling it out, in a third step of installation (33) on the ground component (12) a covering layer (26), in particular made of sand and/or gravel, is installed in a supplementary step the hydration (34), which is carried out before or after the incorporation (33) of the cover layer (26), the soil component (12) is moistened. Use of the floor component (12) after claim 12 , • to form a system of protection for earth lines such as fluid or power lines against mechanical impacts, particularly during earthworks; • to cover a prefabricated shelter, e.g. as described in WO 2005/124063; • to form a path for vehicles, pedestrians or animals; • to form a shelter by applying the fabric to a framework; • to make a formwork for poured concrete; • around barriers, e.g. B. to line tunnels to form; • around structures, e.g. B. roofs, to repair or strengthen; • to form floors or moisture resistant structures; • around earth structures, e.g. B. river banks and unstable slopes; • to provide flood protection facilities; • to repair existing pipes, including buried water pipes, or new ones to construct pipes; • to fireproof elements of new or existing structures, e.g. B. as a refractory cover or lining of chimneys; • to provide a hard surface, reduce dust hazards and contain aircraft fuel spills, e.g. B. Heliports and runways; • to reinforce sandbag structures and protect them from ultraviolet light degradation and damage from the elements such as wind and ultraviolet light degradation; • to line foundations and prevent infiltration of chemical contaminants, e.g. B. for landfills or containment facilities for recovered fuels; • to form a waterproof lining for water containment, e.g. B. Pond, sewer lining and water storage or sewage tanks; • to form permanent awnings or roof structures; • to form artistic or decorative shapes; or • to form hulls and/or deck structures of floating marine craft such as ships or pontoons.

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