DE102024114907A1 - Power distribution unit, vehicle electrical system and vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an on-board electrical system (200), wherein the on-board electrical system (200) comprises an electrical energy source (201), a first electrical component interface (235), a first electrical current path (221) for electrically connecting the at least one electrical energy source (201) with the first electrical component interface (236), and a second electrical current path (222) for electrically connecting the at least one electrical energy source (201) with the second electrical component interface (236), wherein the first electrical current path (221) and the second electrical current path (222) are formed jointly at least in a first current path section (220). In the first current path section (220) a switching device (250) with a switching input (251) and a switching output (252) is arranged, wherein the switching output (252) is electrically connected to at least one first electrical component interface (235), wherein at least one electrical current path (221) is electrically designed to be fuse-free between the at least one switching output (252) of the switching device (250) and the first component interface (235).

Description

The present invention relates to a power distribution unit, an (electrical) vehicle electrical system and a vehicle.

An electrical system can comprise at least one electrical power source and several electrical power components, whereby the at least one electrical power source is electrically connected, or connectable, to each of the several electrical power components via a respective current path. Increasingly, electronic fuses, so-called e-fuses, are used in the current paths instead of, or in addition to, conventional fuses to protect the current paths. This can affect the complexity and susceptibility to faults in the electrical system. In particular, the number of potential fault sources increases with a growing number of components in the electrical system, which can also affect the functional reliability of vehicle safety-relevant components and/or influence the guarantee of functional reliability.

It is an object of the present invention to at least partially overcome the disadvantages described above. In particular, it is an object of the present invention to provide an on-board electrical system for a vehicle that is particularly simple in design, especially in terms of its components, and/or is particularly safe and/or is particularly cost-effective. Furthermore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a power distribution unit that is particularly simple in design, especially in terms of its components, and/or is particularly cost-effective.

The foregoing problem is solved by a power distribution unit with the features of claim 1, an on-board electrical system with the features of claim 8, and a vehicle with the features of claim 9. Further features and details of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims, the description, and the drawings. Features and details described in connection with the power distribution unit according to the invention naturally also apply in connection with the on-board electrical system and/or the vehicle according to the invention, and vice versa, so that the disclosure of the individual aspects of the invention always makes, or can make, reciprocal references.

According to a first aspect, the present invention discloses a power distribution unit for an on-board electrical system, wherein the power distribution unit comprises a carrier section. Furthermore, the power distribution unit comprises a power distribution section, wherein the power distribution section is arranged on the carrier section and the power distribution section is at least partially electrically conductive, and wherein the power distribution section further comprises at least one connection section with a connection interface for connecting an electrical connection line. The power distribution section further comprises at least one first output section with a first output interface for connecting a first electrical output line and a second output section with a second output interface for connecting a second electrical output line. The power distribution section further comprises a first power distribution current path for electrically connecting the at least one connection interface to the first output interface. Furthermore, the power distribution section includes a second power distribution current path for the electrical connection of the at least one connection interface with the second output interface, wherein at least the first power distribution current path of the power distribution section is designed without electrical fuses.

The power distribution unit can also be understood as a fuse box.

The support section can also be understood as a support structure. The support section is primarily used to receive and hold the power distribution section. Specifically, the support section is made of an electrically insulating material. Furthermore, the support section can form part of the housing of the power distribution unit.

The power distribution section is specifically designed to distribute or conduct electrical energy between the connection interface of the power distribution section and at least the first output interface and/or the second output interface of the power distribution section.

The connection interface of at least one connection section and/or the first output interface of the first output section and/or the second output interface of the second output section can be connected to the electrical connection cable, the first electrical output cable, or the second electrical output cable by means of a force-fit and/or form-fit connection. For example, the connection interface of at least one connection section and/or the first output interface of the first output section and/or the second output interface of the second output section can each have an opening. Thus, The electrical connection cable, the first electrical outgoing cable, and the second electrical outgoing cable can be connected particularly easily, for example, using a screw connection with a respective ring terminal. Furthermore, the connection section, in particular the connection interface of the connection section, and the first outgoing section, in particular the first outgoing interface of the first outgoing section, each form a current path end of the first power distribution current path, and/or the connection section, in particular the connection interface of the connection section, and the second outgoing section, in particular the second outgoing interface of the second outgoing section, each form a current path end of the second power distribution current path.

In particular, the first current distribution current path is a first current path formed by the electrically conductive section of the current distribution section and/or the second current distribution current path is a second current path formed by the electrically conductive section of the current distribution section.

The phrase "where at least the first distribution current path of the distribution section is designed without electrical fuses" is intended to express, in particular, that the first distribution current path is not electrically protected. In other words, the first distribution current path is free of electrical fuses along its entire length. An electrical fuse can be understood to be an overcurrent protection device or part of an overcurrent protection device, for example, a fuse and/or a semiconductor switch of an electronic fuse (e-fuse).

A power distribution unit, wherein at least the first power distribution current path of the power distribution section is designed without electrical fuses, can be used in a vehicle electrical system or a vehicle according to the invention. Furthermore, such a power distribution unit can be designed to be particularly simple, especially in terms of its components and/or its installation space, and/or particularly cost-effective. Advantageously, for example, a first electrical output line can be connected to the first output interface of the at least one first output section, wherein the first electrical output line electrically connects the first output interface to a vehicle safety-relevant energy component. The functionality of the vehicle safety-relevant energy component can thus be ensured particularly advantageously.

In a power distribution unit according to the invention, it can be advantageous for the power distribution section to be integrally made of at least one electrically conductive material, in particular a plate-shaped metal part. This allows the power distribution section to be designed and/or manufactured in a particularly simple manner. For example, the plate-shaped metal part can be a metal sheet, in particular a formed and/or stamped metal sheet.

In a power distribution unit according to the invention, it can be advantageous that the at least one first output section with the first output interface is designed in a finger-like manner. Thus, the first output interface of the first output section can be designed particularly simply, and the first output interface of the first output section and/or the second output interface of the second output section can be arranged in a space-saving manner, in particular side by side.

In a power distribution unit according to the invention, it can be advantageous for the power distribution unit to have at least one pyrotechnic device with an interruption unit, wherein the pyrotechnic device is configured to interrupt the first power distribution path by means of the interruption unit when it receives a trigger signal. Thus, the first power distribution path can be interrupted even though the first power distribution path of the power distribution section is designed without an electrical fuse. For example, a vehicle control device can be configured to monitor the vehicle and/or its electrical system and to detect a violation of a safety criterion. Upon detecting a violation of the safety criterion, the device can send a trigger signal to the pyrotechnic device to interrupt the first power distribution path by means of the interruption unit, thereby bringing the electrical system into a safe state. In particular, the interruption unit of the pyrotechnic device interrupts the first output section of the first power distribution path, wherein the first output section of the first power distribution path is designed in a finger-like manner and the interruption unit of the pyrotechnic device interrupts the first finger-like output section of the first power distribution path. Thus, interrupting the first power distribution path can be carried out particularly reliably and/or particularly easily.

In a power distribution unit according to the invention, it can be advantageous for the second power distribution current path of the power distribution section to have an overcurrent protection device. Thus, the power distribution unit can have at least one electrically unfused power distribution current path as well as at least one electrically fused power distribution current path. This allows the power distribution unit to be used with particular flexibility and/or enables the vehicle electrical system to be kept particularly compact. The overcurrent protection device of the second power distribution current path can, for example, comprise a fuse and/or at least a semiconductor switch of an electronic fuse. It is also conceivable that, in addition to the first power distribution current path of the power distribution section, the power distribution unit has at least one or more further power distribution current paths, wherein each (further) power distribution current path is designed without electrical fuses, and/or that, in addition to the second power distribution current path of the power distribution section, the power distribution unit has at least one or more further power distribution current paths, wherein each (further) power distribution current path has a (further) overcurrent protection device, e.g. for an auxiliary load, wherein in particular at least one (further) overcurrent protection device is controllable, preferably steerable.

According to a second aspect, the present invention discloses an electrical system for a vehicle, wherein the electrical system comprises at least one electrical power source. Furthermore, the electrical system comprises at least one first electrical component interface for connecting a first electrical power component and a second electrical component interface for connecting a second electrical power component. The electrical system also comprises at least one first electrical current path for the (complete) electrical connection of the at least one electrical power source to the first electrical component interface and a second electrical current path for the (complete) electrical connection of the at least one electrical power source to the second electrical component interface, wherein the first electrical current path and the second electrical current path are formed jointly, at least in a first current path section. Furthermore, the vehicle electrical system comprises a switching device, in particular a single switching device, arranged electrically in the first current path section, with at least one switching input and at least one switching output, wherein the switching device is controllable from a closed state to an open state, and wherein the at least one switching input is electrically connected to the electrical power source and the at least one switching output is electrically connected to at least one first electrical component interface. Furthermore, in the vehicle electrical system according to the invention, at least the first electrical current path between the at least one switching output of the switching device and the first component interface is designed to be fuse-free.

At least one electrical energy source can be an electrochemical energy storage device, e.g., a traction battery, of a vehicle.

The first electrical component interface for connecting a first electrical power component can be a first vehicle connector, and/or the second electrical component interface for connecting a second electrical power component can be a second vehicle connector. The first electrical power component can have a first mating vehicle connector corresponding to the first vehicle connector, and/or the second electrical power component can have a second mating vehicle connector corresponding to the second vehicle connector.

The first electrical component interface is to be understood as a component interface of the vehicle electrical system to which the first electrical power component is directly connected. In other words, the first electrical component interface represents a first end of the vehicle electrical system. The first electrical power component is, in particular, an electrical energy consumer, e.g., an energy component of an electric power steering system, and/or an electrical power generator. The second electrical component interface is to be understood as a component interface of the vehicle electrical system to which the second electrical power component is directly connected. In other words, the second electrical component interface represents a second end of the vehicle electrical system. The second electrical power component is, in particular, an electrical energy consumer and/or an electrical power generator.

The at least one first electrical current path for electrically connecting the at least one electrical energy source to the first electrical component interface can be formed, at least section by (rigid or flexible) electrical conductors, in particular conductive traces, and/or at least section by (rigid or flexible) electrical wires or cables. In particular, the at least one first electrical current path begins at the at least one electrical energy source and ends at the first electrical component interface.

Furthermore, the at least one second electrical current path for the electrical connection of the at least one electrical energy source with the second electrical component interface can also be formed, at least section by (rigid or flexible) electrical conductors, in particular conductive traces, and/or at least section by (rigid or flexible) electrical wires or cables. In particular, the at least one second electrical current path begins at the at least one electrical energy source and ends at the second electrical component interface.

The switching device arranged electrically in the first current path section, comprising at least one switching input and at least one switching output, can be monitored between the closed and open states by a control device. In particular, the at least one switching device is electrically conductive in the closed state, allowing current flow, and electrically non-conductive or electrically insulating, or substantially electrically insulating, in the open state, thus interrupting current flow. For example, the electrically arranged switching device includes a semiconductor element such as a transistor, in particular a MOSFET, which can be monitored between the closed and open states. In particular, the switching device arranged electrically in the first current path section can be an electrical energy source disconnect element associated with the at least one electrical energy source for disconnecting, in particular completely disconnecting, the at least one electrical energy source from the vehicle electrical system.

The phrase "where at least the first electrical current path between the at least one switching output of the switching device and the first component interface is designed to be electrically unprotected" is intended to express, in particular, that the first electrical current path between the at least one switching output of the switching device and the first component interface is electrically unprotected. In other words, the first electrical current path, starting from the switching output of the switching device and extending to the first component interface, is free of electrical fuses. An electrical fuse can be understood as an overcurrent protection device or part of an overcurrent protection device, e.g., a fuse and/or a semiconductor switch of an electronic fuse (e-fuse). This allows for a particularly simple design of the vehicle electrical system. Because the first electrical current path between the at least one switching output of the switching device and the first component interface is electrically unprotected, the number of potential fault sources in the vehicle electrical system can be kept particularly low, and the functional reliability of the vehicle's safety-relevant energy component can be particularly high.

The on-board network according to the second aspect of the invention thus has the same advantages as those already described for the power distribution unit according to the first aspect of the invention.

According to a third aspect, the present invention shows a vehicle with an on-board electrical system according to the invention, in particular according to the second aspect of the invention, wherein the on-board electrical system comprises at least one power distribution unit according to the invention, in particular according to the first aspect of the invention, wherein the first power distribution current path of the power distribution section of the at least one power distribution unit forms the first electrical current path of the on-board electrical system between the at least one switching output of the switching device of the on-board electrical system and the first component interface of the on-board electrical system. In other words, the first power distribution current path of the power distribution section of the at least one power distribution unit is part of the first electrical current path of the on-board electrical system between the at least one switching output of the switching device of the on-board electrical system and the first component interface of the on-board electrical system.

In a vehicle according to the invention, it can be advantageous that the at least one first electrical current path is designed at least section by section, in particular between the current distribution unit and the first component interface, as an electrical conductor, wherein the electrical conductor is enclosed at least section by a conductor protection specifically designed to protect the electrical conductor and/or wherein at least the electrical conductor is at least The electrical system is arranged section by section in a crash-resistant area of the vehicle. This significantly reduces the probability of a short circuit in the electrical wiring due to an unintended external mechanical impact, for example, in the event of an accident. Furthermore, and especially additionally, it is conceivable that the power distribution unit is also located in a crash-resistant area of the vehicle. The dedicated protection for the electrical wiring is designed separately from the electrical wiring and can also be elongated and/or hollow, for example, hollow cylindrical. A crash-resistant area of the vehicle is understood to be, in particular, an area of the vehicle where there is a comparatively low probability that a vehicle component, such as the electrical wiring, will be damaged in its function during a vehicle accident. In addition to or as an alternative to the pyrotechnic device in the power distribution unit and/or the line protection and/or its placement in the crash-resistant area, it is also conceivable that a pyrotechnic line device with an interrupting unit is electrically arranged in the electrical line (cable). The pyrotechnic line device is configured to interrupt the first electrical current path by means of the interrupting unit when it receives a trigger signal. Thus, a pyrotechnic device in the power distribution unit can be omitted, and the power distribution unit can be configured in a particularly simple way.

In a vehicle according to the invention, it can be advantageous for a vehicle safety-relevant energy component to be connected to the at least one first electrical component interface as the first electrical energy component. In particular, the vehicle safety-relevant energy component can be an energy component of an electric steering system, an (integrated) braking system, and/or an advanced crash and safety management system. Because the first electrical current path between the at least one switching output of the switching device and the first component interface is designed to be electrically fuse-free, the number of potential fault sources in the vehicle electrical system can be kept particularly low, and the functional reliability of the vehicle safety-relevant energy component can be particularly high. Thus, the vehicle electrical system and/or the vehicle can be particularly safe.

In a vehicle according to the invention, it can be advantageous for the vehicle to have a control device, wherein the control device is configured at least to monitor the vehicle electrical system and detect a violation of a violation criterion, and, in response to the detection of a violation of the violation criterion, to bring the vehicle electrical system into a safe state. In particular, an electrical state variable of the vehicle electrical system, e.g., an electrical current of the vehicle electrical system, can be monitored, and if the monitored electrical state variable of the vehicle electrical system violates the violation criterion, e.g., a threshold value or an expected target current value, the vehicle electrical system is brought into a safe state. For example, the vehicle electrical system can be brought into a safe state by moving the switching device arranged electrically in the first current path section, in particular an electrical energy source disconnect element associated with the at least one electrical energy source, from the closed state to the open state. The control device of the vehicle electrical system can be understood as a (single) control unit of the vehicle electrical system or a plurality or multitude of control units interconnected by communication technology.

The vehicle is in particular a motor vehicle such as a passenger car, a truck or a motorcycle, especially a motorcycle.

The vehicle according to the third aspect of the invention thus has the same advantages as those already described for the power distribution unit according to the first aspect of the invention or the on-board network according to the second aspect of the invention.

Further improvements to the invention will become apparent from the following description of some exemplary embodiments of the invention, which are schematically illustrated in the figures. All features and/or advantages arising from the claims, the description, or the drawings, including design details, spatial arrangements, and process steps, can be essential to the invention, both individually and in various combinations. It should be noted that the figures are for descriptive purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention in any way.

• 1 eine Stromverteilereinheit,
• 2 ein Bordnetz,
• 3 ein Bordnetz bzw. ein Fahrzeug,
• 4 ein Bordnetz bzw. ein Fahrzeug, und
• 5 ein Bordnetz bzw. ein Fahrzeug.

They show schematically:

• 1 a power distribution unit,
• 2 an on-board electrical system
• 3 an on-board electrical system or a vehicle,
• 4 an electrical system or a vehicle, and
• 5 an on-board electrical system or a vehicle.

In the following figures, identical reference numerals are used for the same technical features even for different embodiments.

1 Figure 1 reveals a perspective view of a section of a power distribution unit (100) for an on-board electrical system (200), as shown, for example, in the following figures. The power distribution unit (100) comprises a support section (10) and a power distribution section (20), wherein the power distribution section (20) is arranged on the support section (10) and the power distribution section (20) is at least partially electrically conductive. The power distribution section (20) comprises at least one connection section (21) with a connection interface (31) for connecting an electrical connection line (211). The power distribution section (20) further comprises at least one first outgoing section (25) with a first outgoing interface (35) for connecting a first electrical outgoing line (215) and a second outgoing section (26) with a second outgoing interface (36) for connecting a second electrical outgoing line (216). The power distribution section (20) further comprises a first power distribution current path (41) for electrically connecting the at least one connection interface (31) with the first output interface (35) and a second power distribution current path (42) for electrically connecting the at least one connection interface (31) with the second output interface (36), wherein at least the first power distribution current path (41) of the power distribution section (20) is designed without electrical fuses. As can be seen from 1 As can be seen, the first power distribution current path (41) of the power distribution section (20) is free of fuses and/or electronic fuses. By way of example, the second power distribution current path (42) of the power distribution section (20) has an overcurrent protection device (51) in the form of a fuse and thus provides overcurrent protection (51) for a protected current path.

It can happen during the 1 It is further advantageous in the illustrated power distribution unit (100) that the power distribution section (20) is made in one piece from at least one electrically conductive material, in particular from a plate-shaped metal part.

It can happen during the 1 Furthermore, it is advantageous for the power distribution unit (100) shown that at least one first output section (25) with the first output interface (35) is designed in a finger-like manner.

It can happen during the 1 It may also be advantageous for the power distribution unit (100) shown that the power distribution unit (100) includes at least one pyrotechnic device (60; not visible in the illustration). 1 ) with an interruption unit, wherein the pyrotechnic device (60) is configured to interrupt, in particular disconnect, the first power distribution path (41) by means of the interruption unit when the pyrotechnic device (60) receives a trigger signal. In particular, the first output section (25) of the first power distribution path (41) can be interrupted by means of the interruption unit of the pyrotechnic device (60), wherein in particular the first output section (25) of the first power distribution path (41) is configured as a finger and the first finger-like output section (25) of the first power distribution path (41) is interrupted by means of the interruption unit of the pyrotechnic device (60).

2 Figure 200 schematically discloses an electrical system (200) for a vehicle (300), wherein the electrical system (200) comprises at least one electrical power source (201), at least one first electrical component interface (235) for connecting a first electrical power component (245), and a second electrical component interface (236) for connecting a second electrical power component (246). Furthermore, the electrical system (200) includes at least one first electrical current path (221) for electrically connecting the at least one electrical power source (201) to the first electrical component interface (236) and a second electrical current path (222) for electrically connecting the at least one electrical power source (201) to the second electrical component interface (236), wherein the first electrical current path (221) and the second electrical current path (222) are jointly configured at least in a first current path section (220), e.g., as a common electrical conductor. Furthermore, the vehicle electrical system (200) comprises a switching device (250) arranged electrically in the first current path section (220), the switching device (250) having at least one switching input (251) and at least one switching output (252). The switching device (250) is controllable from a closed state to an open state, in particular by means of a control device (310). The at least one switching input (251) is electrically connected to the electrical power source (201), and the at least one switching output (252) is electrically connected to at least one first electrical component interface (235). Furthermore, in the vehicle electrical system (200), at least the first electrical current path (221) between the at least one switching output (252) of the switching device (250) and the first component interface (235) is designed without a fuse. Furthermore, at least one first electrical component interface (235) is connected to a vehicle safety-relevant energy component as the first electrical energy component (245). For example, the vehicle safety-relevant energy component can be an energy component of an electric steering system, an integrated braking system and/or an advanced crash and safety management system.

3 schematically reveals an on-board electrical system (200) or a vehicle (300) with an on-board electrical system (200), as already exists, for example, in 2 The at least one first electrical current path (221) is configured, at least section by section, as an electrical conductor, wherein a pyrotechnic conductor device (60) with an interrupting unit is electrically arranged in the electrical conductor, wherein the pyrotechnic conductor device (60) is configured to interrupt the first electrical current path (221) by means of the interrupting unit when the pyrotechnic conductor device (60) receives a trigger signal. The pyrotechnic conductor device (60) is arranged in such a way, or at such a position, that only the electrical power supply of the at least one first electrical component interface (235) is interrupted.

4 and 5 each discloses a vehicle electrical system (200) or a vehicle (300) with a vehicle electrical system (200) according to the invention, as is the case, for example, with 2 The vehicle electrical system (200) comprises at least one power distribution unit (100) according to the invention, such as those used, for example, in the following descriptions: 1 The first power distribution current path (41) of the power distribution section (20) of the at least one power distribution unit (100) forms (at least partially) the first electrical current path (221) of the vehicle electrical system (200) between the at least one switching output (252) of the switching device (250) of the vehicle electrical system (200) and the first component interface (235) of the vehicle electrical system (200). It is conceivable that the at least one first electrical current path (221) is configured, at least partially, as an electrical connection line (211) between the switching device (250) and the power distribution unit (100) and/or as a first electrical outgoing line (215) between the power distribution unit (100) and the first electrical component interface (235). Furthermore, it is conceivable that the second electrical current path (222) is designed, at least section by section, as a second electrical outgoing line (216) between the current distribution unit (100) and the second electrical component interface (236).

At the in 4 In the disclosed vehicle electrical system (200) or vehicle (300) with vehicle electrical system (200), the power distribution unit (100) has at least one pyrotechnic device (60) with an interruption unit, wherein the pyrotechnic device (60) is configured to interrupt the first power distribution path (41) by means of the interruption unit when the pyrotechnic device (60) receives a trigger signal (e.g., from a control device (310)). Thus, if the at least one first electrical current path (221) is designed at least section by section as an electrical conductor, a conductor protection device (271) designed specifically to protect the electrical conductor and/or an arrangement of an electrical conductor at least section by section in a crash-resistant area of the vehicle (300), such as, for example, 5 described, omitted, in particular free of it.

At the in 5 In the depicted vehicle electrical system (200) or vehicle (300) with vehicle electrical system (200), at least one first electrical current path (221), in particular at least between the current distribution unit (100) and the first electrical component interface (235), is designed at least section by section as an electrical conductor, wherein the electrical conductor is enclosed at least section by a conductor guard (271, 272) designed specifically for the protection of the electrical conductor and/or wherein the electrical conductor is arranged at least section by section in a crash-resistant area of the vehicle (300). Thus, the first electrical current path (221) can be free of a pyrotechnic device (60), as shown in the 4 described, and the power distribution unit (100) should be designed to be particularly simple.

It can be advantageous for the vehicle electrical system (200) or a vehicle (300) with a vehicle electrical system (200) as described in the preceding figures to have a control device (310), wherein the control device (310) is configured at least to monitor the vehicle electrical system (200), in particular to monitor at least one physical state variable of the vehicle electrical system (200) such as a current intensity, and to detect a violation of a violation criterion based on the monitoring, and in response to the detection of a violation of the violation criterion to bring the vehicle electrical system (200) into a safe state. The vehicle electrical system (200) can be brought into a safe state, for example, by moving the switching device (250) from the closed state to the open state and/or by the pyrotechnic device (60) receiving a trigger signal from the control device (310) and, in response, interrupting the first current distribution path (221) by means of the interrupting unit. Thus, although the first electrical current path (221) is electrically connected between at least a switching output (252) of the switching device (250) and the first component interface (235) is designed to be electrically fuse-free, so that the vehicle (300) can be safe or operated safely.

Reference symbol list

10

Carrier section

20

Power distribution section

21

Connection section

25

first departure section

31

Connection interface

35

first exit interface

36

second output interface

41

first power distribution power path

42

second power distribution power path

51

Overcurrent protection device

60

pyrotechnic (conduit) device

100

Power distribution unit

200

On-board electrical system

201

electrical energy source

211

electrical connection cable

215

first electrical outgoing line

216

second electrical outgoing line

220

first power path section

221

first electric current path

222

second electrical current path

235

second electrical component interface

236

first electrical component interface

245

first electrical energy component

246

second electrical energy component

250

Switching device

251

Switch input

252

Switching output

271, 272

Line protection

300

vehicle

310

Control device

Claims (13)

Power distribution unit (100) for an on-board electrical system (200), wherein the power distribution unit (100) comprises: - a support section (10), - a power distribution section (20), wherein the power distribution section (20) is arranged on the support section (10) and the power distribution section (20) is at least partially electrically conductive, wherein the power distribution section (20) further comprises: - at least one connection section (21) with a connection interface (31) for connecting an electrical connection line (211), - at least one first outgoing section (25) with a first outgoing interface (35) for connecting a first electrical outgoing line (215) and a second outgoing section (26) with a second outgoing interface (36) for connecting a second electrical outgoing line (216), - a first power distribution current path (41) for electrically connecting the at least one connection interface (31) with the first output interface (35), - a second power distribution current path (42) for electrically connecting the at least one connection interface (31) with the second output interface (36), wherein at least the first power distribution current path (41) of the power distribution section (20) is designed without electrical fuses. Power distribution unit (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first power distribution current path (41) of the power distribution section (20) is free of fuses and/or electronic fuses. Power distribution unit (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the power distribution section (20) is made in one piece from at least one electrically conductive material, in particular from a plate-shaped metal part. Power distribution unit (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one first output section (25) with the first output interface (35) is designed in a finger-like manner. Power distribution unit (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the power distribution unit (100) has at least one pyrotechnic device (60) with an interruption unit, wherein the pyrotechnic device (60) is configured to The first power distribution path (41) is to be interrupted by means of the interrupting unit when the pyrotechnic device (60) receives a trigger signal. Power distribution unit (100) according to Claim 5 , characterized in that the first output section (25) of the first current distribution path (41) is interrupted by means of the interruption unit of the pyrotechnic device (60), wherein in particular the first output section (25) of the first current distribution path (41) is designed in a finger-like manner and the first finger-like output section (25) of the first current distribution path (41) is interrupted by means of the interruption unit of the pyrotechnic device (60). Power distribution unit (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second power distribution current path (42) of the power distribution section (20) has an overcurrent protection device (51). On-board electrical system (200) for a vehicle (300), wherein the on-board electrical system (200) comprises: - at least one electrical power source (201), - at least one first electrical component interface (235) for connecting a first electrical power component (245) and a second electrical component interface (236) for connecting a second electrical power component (246), - at least one first electrical current path (221) for electrically connecting the at least one electrical power source (201) to the first electrical component interface (236) and a second electrical current path (222) for electrically connecting the at least one electrical power source (201) to the second electrical component interface (236), wherein the first electrical current path (221) and the second electrical current path (222) are jointly formed at least in a first current path section (220), - a switching device (250) electrically arranged in the first current path section (220) with at least one switching input (251) and at least one switching output (252), wherein the switching device (250) is controllable at least from a closed state to an open state, and wherein the at least one switching input (251) is electrically connected to the electrical energy source (201) and the at least one switching output (252) is electrically connected to at least one first electrical component interface (235), wherein at least the first electrical current path (221) between the at least one switching output (252) of the switching device (250) and the first component interface (235) is electrically designed without a fuse. Vehicle (300) with an on-board electrical system (200) according to Claim 8 , wherein the on-board network (200) includes at least one power distribution unit (100) according to one of the Claims 1 until 7 has, wherein the first power distribution current path (41) of the power distribution section (20) of the at least one power distribution unit (100) forms the first electrical current path (221) of the vehicle electrical system (200) between the at least one switching output (252) of the switching device (250) of the vehicle electrical system (200) and the first component interface (235) of the vehicle electrical system (200). Vehicle (300) to Claim 9 , characterized in that the at least one first electrical current path (221) is designed at least section by section as an electrical conductor, wherein the electrical conductor is enclosed at least section by a conductor protection (271) designed specifically for the protection of the electrical conductor and/or wherein at least the electrical conductor is arranged at least section by section in a crash-safe area of the vehicle (300). Vehicle (300) after one of the Claims 9 or 10 , characterized in that a vehicle safety-relevant energy component is connected to the at least one first electrical component interface (235) as the first electrical energy component (245). Vehicle (300) to Claim 11 characterized in that the vehicle safety-relevant energy component is an energy component of an electric steering system, an integrated braking system and/or an Advanced Crash and Safety Management System. Vehicle (300) after one of the Claims 9 until 12 , characterized in that the vehicle (300) has a control device (310), wherein the control device (310) is at least configured to monitor the vehicle electrical system (200) and to detect a violation of a violation criterion, and to bring the vehicle electrical system (200) into a safe state as a reaction to the detection of a violation of the violation criterion.