DE102024114600A1 - Multi-fuel nozzle - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a multi-component nozzle (100) for the simultaneous application of at least two media, in particular for the application of liquid or pasty media to a moving surface of a material web, in particular to a moving surface of a fibrous web in a machine for the production and/or treatment of a fibrous web, with a tubular housing (10) having a lateral surface (17) of a length (L) that corresponds at least substantially to an application width, wherein the housing (10) comprises in its interior at least a first conduit channel (40), a second conduit channel (70) and a third conduit channel (60), wherein the first conduit channel (40) has a first inlet opening (20) for receiving a first medium, wherein the second conduit channel (70) has a second inlet opening (30) for receiving a second medium, and wherein the third conduit channel (60) has a third inlet opening (61) for receiving a third medium, wherein a linear outlet opening (50) extends substantially over the length (L) the lateral surface (17) of the housing (10) and is designed to combine the currents of at least the first medium, the second medium and the third medium and direct them onto a target surface.

Description

The invention relates to a multi-component nozzle for the simultaneous application of several media, in particular for the application of liquid or pasty media to a running surface of a material web, in particular to a running surface of a fibrous web in a machine for the production and/or treatment of a fibrous web.

Applying fluids with specific properties to the cloth or fiber webs of paper machines during operation, creep, or standstill is a crucial step in the papermaking process, serving multiple purposes. Fluid application can be used for lubrication and friction reduction. Fluids such as water or specialized lubricants can be applied to the cloth or fiber web to reduce friction and facilitate the movement of the paper through the machine. This helps minimize damage to the paper web and reduce wear on machine parts. Water or steam is used to control the moisture content of the cloth or fiber webs. Controlled moisture input can improve paper quality by promoting fiber bonding and reducing the effects of tension variations during the drying process. Specialized chemicals can be applied to the cloth or fiber webs to enhance specific paper properties, such as strength, writing and printing characteristics, or surface properties. This can be achieved through precise dosing during the application process. In some cases, fluids can be used to regulate the temperature of fabrics or fiber webs. This can be achieved by supplying hot or cold water or steam to control the paper temperature during the process and ensure optimal conditions for papermaking.

These fluids can be applied while the paper machine is running, at a crawl, or when stationary, depending on the specific requirements of the process and the machine. When the machine is running, the fluids are generally applied continuously or intermittently to the cloths or fiber webs to ensure uniform distribution. At a crawl or when stationary, the fluid application can be more targeted, for example, to make specific adjustments.

• - Schwierige Einstellung des Profils: Die Einstellung des Sprühbildes über eine größere Auftragsbreite ist schwierig, so dass eine gleichmäßige Verteilung der Flüssigkeit über die gesamte Breite nicht einfach zu erreichen ist.
• - Ungleichmäßiges Tropfenbild: Die Anordnung der Einzeldüsen führt häufig zu einer ungleichmäßigen Tropfenverteilung auf der Applikationsfläche. Dies kann zu uneinheitlichen Ergebnissen führen und die Qualität des Endprodukts beeinträchtigen.
• - Starres Profil für einen Betriebspunkt: Das einmal eingestellte Profil passt nur für einen bestimmten Betriebspunkt. Änderungen der gewünschten Applikationsmenge erfordern eine Neuanpassung des Sprühbildes.
• - Hohe Anzahl von Einzeldüsen: Sprühbalken mit mehreren Einzeldüsen können eine hohe Anzahl von Bauteilen aufweisen. Dies führt zu einer aufwändigen Wartung und Instandhaltung.
• - Zerstäubung hauptsächlich durch Druckluft: Die Zerstäubung der Flüssigkeit erfolgt hauptsächlich durch Druckluft, was einen erhöhten Energiebedarf bedeuten kann und zusätzliche Anforderungen an die Druckluftversorgung stellt.
• - Starre Positionierung des Sprühbalkens: Der Sprühbalken wird immer in einem festen Abstand zur Applikationsfläche gehalten, der nicht ohne Änderung des Sprühbildes verändert werden kann. Dies kann zu Einschränkungen bei der Anpassung der Applikationsparameter führen.

A spray bar is typically used to spray a fabric or fibrous web across a wider application area. However, spray bars with multiple spaced-apart individual nozzles have several disadvantages:

• - Difficult profile adjustment: Adjusting the spray pattern over a larger application width is difficult, making it not easy to achieve an even distribution of the liquid across the entire width.
• - Uneven droplet pattern: The arrangement of the individual nozzles often leads to an uneven droplet distribution on the application surface. This can result in inconsistent outcomes and impair the quality of the final product.
• - Fixed profile for one operating point: The profile, once set, only works for a specific operating point. Changes to the desired application rate require a readjustment of the spray pattern.
• - High number of individual nozzles: Spray bars with multiple individual nozzles can have a large number of components. This leads to complex maintenance and servicing.
• - Atomization mainly by compressed air: The atomization of the liquid is mainly carried out by compressed air, which can mean an increased energy requirement and places additional demands on the compressed air supply.
• - Rigid positioning of the spray bar: The spray bar is always held at a fixed distance from the application area, which cannot be changed without altering the spray pattern. This can lead to limitations in adjusting the application parameters.

Due to these disadvantages, spray bars with multiple individual nozzles are not the optimal solution for applications requiring precise and flexible liquid application.

The invention is therefore based on the objective of creating possibilities to achieve uniform atomization over a larger application width of a covering, fabric or fibrous web, regardless of the distance to the application nozzle and regardless of individual setting parameters, such as an exact flow rate and a specific pressure.

The DE 10 2006 018 760 A1 discloses a method and a device for generating a spray mist from an auxiliary material, in particular a medium for application to a moving fibrous web, by atomization with an atomizing medium in a multi-component nozzle. They formed a pneumatic atomizing nozzle. The multi-component nozzle includes a device for supplying a humidifying medium.

The WO 2012/136635 A1 discloses an application head for applying one or more layers of a medium in the form of a single- or multi-layered curtain to a substrate, with at least one segment having features for a medium chamber and for a supply channel for dispensing the respective medium.

The DE 10 2022 105 510 B4 discloses an application nozzle for applying a liquid or pasty coating medium to a moving surface of a material web, comprising a fluid head for generating a film or curtain of coating medium and a blow head for generating a linear gas jet, wherein the linear gas jet impacts the film or curtain at an impact line and forms a spray curtain directed towards the moving surface.

This problem is solved according to the invention with respect to a multi-component nozzle by the features of claim 1 and with respect to a method for controlling and regulating a multi-component nozzle by the features of claim 14. The further claims relate to preferred embodiments of the invention.

The multi-component nozzle according to the invention allows several media to be dispensed simultaneously and applied to a substrate, in particular a fibrous web. Independent of individual setting parameters, such as an exact flow rate and a specific pressure, precise control and uniform distribution of the media over a larger application width can be achieved by designing the geometry of the guide channels.

According to a first aspect, the invention provides a multi-component nozzle for the simultaneous application of at least two media, in particular for the application of liquid or pasty media, to a moving surface of a material web, especially to a moving surface of a fibrous web in a machine for the production and/or treatment of a fibrous web. The multi-component nozzle comprises a tubular housing with a surface area having a length that corresponds at least substantially to the application width. The housing includes, internally, at least a first channel and/or a second channel and a third channel, wherein the first channel has a first inlet opening for receiving a first medium, and/or the second channel has a second inlet opening for receiving a second medium, and wherein the third channel has a third inlet opening for receiving a third medium, with a linear outlet opening extending substantially over the length of the housing's surface area and configured to combine the flows of at least the first medium and/or the second medium and the third medium and direct them onto a target surface.

In particular, it is stipulated that the first and/or second medium are gaseous - especially air - and the third medium is liquid.

Tests conducted by the applicant have shown that the multi-component nozzle functions well in principle, according to aspects of the present invention, when only a first channel is provided for a gaseous medium and a third channel for a liquid medium. However, embodiments in which a first and a second channel are provided for a gaseous medium are somewhat more advantageous, as they allow for greater flexibility and it is also easier to achieve a symmetrical flow of the third medium at the outlet. Therefore, the main focus in the following will be on these embodiments.

In a further training course, a control system is provided that is designed to regulate the flow rate and pressure of the respective medium in the pipe channels independently of each other.

In an advantageous embodiment, it is provided that the control system uses artificial intelligence algorithms, in particular neural networks.

In a further embodiment, it is provided that the first inlet opening is connected to a first supply channel for introducing the first medium into the first conduit channel and the second inlet opening is connected to a second supply channel for introducing the second medium into the second conduit channel, and that the first supply channel and the second supply channel are arranged on an inlet surface of the housing.

Advantageously, the first feed channel and the second feed channel are arranged at an angle to each other on the inlet surface of the housing.

In another embodiment, it is provided that inside the housing there is a wall and a distributor adjoining it. Pipes are provided that separate the first conduit from the second conduit, wherein the distribution pipe has a circular cross-section in the upper area and encloses the third conduit, wherein the distribution pipe is conical in the lower area and delimits a third outlet channel, wherein the outlet channel opens into a third nozzle opening, and wherein the third nozzle opening is surrounded laterally by an outlet edge.

In particular, guide plates and/or distribution pipes are provided inside or outside the pipe channels to control the flow direction and uniformity of the media.

In a further embodiment, it is provided that the linear outlet opening includes at least one outlet edge with a serrated, corrugated or straight shape to optimize the atomization efficiency of the media.

In a further development, it is provided that the first conduit channel is designed in its lower area as a first outlet channel and opens into a first nozzle opening, that the second conduit channel is designed in its lower area as a second outlet channel and opens into a second nozzle opening, wherein the first nozzle opening and the second nozzle opening enclose the third nozzle opening on both sides.

In particular, the nozzle openings are arranged at different height levels relative to each other in order to create different spray patterns, mixing behavior and spray qualities, enabling precise control and adaptation to the specific requirements of each application.

Advantageously, the housing is made of stainless steel and/or as an injection-molded plastic part.

Further training is planned to show that the multi-component nozzle is applicable to a wide variety of applications, especially coatings, surface treatments, direct spraying, foaming, powder application, airshield applications and other industrial processes that require precise control and mixing of multiple media.

According to a second aspect, the invention provides a method for controlling and regulating a multi-component nozzle, in particular a multi-component nozzle according to the first aspect, wherein artificial intelligence algorithms, in particular neural networks, are used for controlling and regulating the multi-component nozzle, in particular with regard to adjusting the flow rates and the proportions of the different media in real time.

The invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to exemplary embodiments shown in the drawing.

• 1 eine perspektive Darstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Mehrstoffdüse in einer Seitenansicht;
• 2 eine perspektivische Draufsicht auf die entlang der Schnittlinie I - I geschnittene Mehrstoffdüse aus 1;

This shows:

• 1 a perspective representation of a multi-component nozzle according to the invention in a side view;
• 2 a perspective top view of the multi-component nozzle cut along the section line I - I from 1 ;

Additional features, aspects and advantages of the invention or its embodiments become apparent from the detailed description in conjunction with the claims.

1 shows a multi-component nozzle 100 for the simultaneous application of several media such as liquids, chemicals or gases, in particular for applying liquid or pasty media to a running surface of a material web, in particular to a running surface of a fibrous web in a machine for the production and/or treatment of a fibrous web.

The multi-component nozzle 100 consists of a robust, tubular housing 10 with an inlet surface 12, a base surface 14, and an outer surface 17 with a length L that corresponds at least substantially to the application width on a substrate, such as a web of material. The housing 10 is made, in particular, of stainless steel or another corrosion-resistant material. This housing 10 ensures the structural stability and supports the various components of the multi-component nozzle 100.

However, it is also possible to manufacture the housing 10 of the multi-component nozzle from plastic as an injection-molded part. While stainless steel is advantageous due to its durability and corrosion resistance, plastic offers a more cost-effective alternative and may be suitable depending on the application and requirements. Injection-molded plastic parts enable high precision, design flexibility, and cost-effective mass production. Furthermore, plastics can offer additional advantages, such as lower thermal conductivity, which can be beneficial for certain applications.

Therefore, when selecting the material for the housing 10 of the multi-fluid nozzle 100, the requirements for mechanical strength and durability, especially in environments with high pressure or extreme conditions must be taken into account in the various applications.

The housing 10 has at least three inlet openings 20, 30, 61 for different media, which are arranged on the inlet surface 12 of the housing 10. However, within the scope of the invention, further inlet openings may also be provided. A first feed channel 22 for introducing a first medium is connected to the first inlet opening 20, and a second feed channel 32 for introducing a second medium is connected to the second inlet opening 30. A feed is also connected to the third inlet opening 61, which is arranged between the first feed channel 22 and the second feed channel 32 and is located in 1 is covered by the supply channels 22, 32.

The housing 10 contains at least one first conduit 40, one second conduit 70, and one third conduit 60 arranged side by side. The first inlet opening 20 leads into the first conduit 40, the second inlet opening 30 leads into the second conduit 70, and the third inlet opening 61 leads into the third conduit 60. The three conduit channels 40, 60, and 70 extend over the entire length L of the housing 10 and are each traversed by the medium introduced through the inlet openings 20 and 30.

In particular, the housing 10 of the multi-component nozzle 100 is designed such that the three flow channels 40, 60, 70 extend across the entire width of a substrate to be treated, such as a fibrous web. The number of flow channels 40, 60, 70 depends on the requirements of the specific application. Typically, however, the multi-component nozzle 100 has at least three flow channels 40, 60, 70 for dispensing at least two different media. Additional flow channels, capable of handling different media, may also be provided. The media in the two flow channels 40, 70 are, in particular, gaseous, while the medium in the third flow channel 60 is liquid.

The feed channels 22, 32 to the inlet openings 20, 30 of the multi-component nozzle 100 are arranged at an angle α to each other to provide sufficient clearance for the connecting feeds. This arrangement enables efficient and practical connection of the various media or material feeds to the multi-component nozzle 100. The 1 The non-visible feed to the third inlet opening 61 of the third conduit 60 is located between the two feed channels 22, 32.

The angled arrangement of the feed channels 22 and 32 allows the connecting feeds to be positioned for easy and clear connection to the multi-component nozzle 100 without interfering with each other. This is particularly important for complex multi-component nozzles that process several media simultaneously and therefore have a large number of feeds.

Furthermore, the inclined arrangement of the feed channels 22, 32 can also lead to a more uniform distribution of the supplied media or substances in the connecting channels 40, 70 following the respective inlet openings 20, 30, thereby improving the application results of the multi-component nozzle 100. The angle α causes a liquid or gaseous medium to change its original flow direction and adapt to the respective connecting channel 40, 70. The angle α can also influence the flow velocity of the liquid medium flowing into the respective connecting channel 40, 70.

In particular, it is provided that the first conduit 40 and the second conduit 70 are separated from each other by a wall 51, which extends from an upper end region 52 to a lower end region 53 in the interior of the multi-component nozzle 100. A linear outlet opening 50 adjoins the lower end region 53, extending substantially over the length L of the housing 10 and designed to combine the flows of at least the first medium, the second medium and the third medium and direct them onto a target surface.

In the 2 In the illustrated embodiment of a multi-component nozzle 100, the outlet opening 50 comprises a distributor pipe 55 adjoining the wall 51, which has a circular cross-section in its upper region. This distributor pipe 55 surrounds the third conduit 60 in its upper region. In its lower region, the distributor pipe 55 is conical and encloses a third outlet channel 65, which opens into a third nozzle opening 67. The third nozzle opening 67 is laterally surrounded by an outlet edge 57 on each side. The surface of the distributor pipe 55 forms part of the inner surface of the two conduit channels 40 and 70 and can thus influence the flow behavior of the medium flowing in each conduit channel 40 and 70. The distributor pipe 55 protrudes from the base 14 of the housing 10 and can be connected to an outlet line. In particular, when a liquid medium is guided through the third conduit channel 60, the medium that does not exit through the linear outlet opening 50 can be discharged from the multi-component nozzle 100.

Particularly at high pressures or when using viscous/liquid media, it may happen that not the entire volume of the third medium can exit through the linear outlet opening 50. An additional round outlet opening for the distribution pipe 55 on the bottom side 14 of the multi-component nozzle 100 allows the medium to exit the multi-component nozzle 100 more efficiently. This additional opening provides pressure relief and ensures a more uniform and effective distribution of the third medium within the multi-component nozzle 100. This is particularly important when the liquid medium in the third line channel 60 is subjected to high pressure.

In the lower longitudinal region of the outer surface 17 of the housing 40 of the multi-component nozzle 100, there are a first nozzle opening 47 for the first medium flowing through the first conduit 40 and a second nozzle opening 77 for the second medium flowing through the second conduit 70. The first and second media are dispensed through the nozzle openings 47 and 77. These nozzle openings 47 and 77 are designed to ensure a uniform distribution of the media across the entire width of the outlet opening 50.

In particular, it is provided that the first conduit 40 is designed in its lower area as the first outlet channel 45 and opens into the first nozzle opening 47, and that the second conduit 70 is designed in its lower area as the second outlet channel 45 and opens into the second nozzle opening, so that the first nozzle opening 47 and the second nozzle opening 77 each converge on one of the outlet edges 57.

The first outlet channel 45 directs the first medium flowing through the first conduit channel 40 towards the nozzle opening 47. As the flow cross-section narrows, the flow velocity of the first medium increases, which can influence the outlet result.

Similarly, the second medium is directed through the second outlet channel 75 towards the second nozzle opening 77. Since the flow cross-section also narrows here, the flow velocity of the second medium increases, which in turn can affect the outlet result.

The third medium is directed through the third outlet channel 65 towards the third nozzle opening 67. Since the flow cross-section also narrows here, the flow velocity of the third medium increases, which in turn can affect the outlet result.

At the upper surface 59 of the two outlet edges 57, the three media flow together and mix, so that they are applied as a film or curtain and then impinge on a substrate such as a web of material, in particular a fibrous web. Effective mixing can be achieved by increasing the flow velocity in the outlet channels 45, 65, 75. In particular, a liquid medium is conveyed through the distributor pipe 55, which is then atomized by the gaseous medium flowing through the two larger conduit channels 40, 70 and applied to the fibrous web.

The multi-component nozzle 100 thus ensures a uniform application of various media, particularly for application onto a substrate such as a fibrous web. Several media can be introduced into the multi-component nozzle 100 via the inlet openings 20, 30, and 61, and then dispensed as a mixture via the outlet opening 50 and applied to a target surface such as a fibrous web.

In the 1 and 2 In the illustrated embodiment, the two larger conduit channels 40, 70 and the outlet channels 45, 75 are symmetrically designed. However, within the scope of the invention, an asymmetrical design can also be provided, so that the geometry of the first conduit channel 40 and the second conduit channel 70, as well as of the first outlet channel 45 and the second outlet channel 75, differs from one another. As already mentioned, it is also possible that, in addition to the third conduit channel 60, only a further first conduit channel 40 is provided, and the second conduit channel 70 is omitted.

In particular, each conduit channel 40, 60, 70 is equipped with an individual control mechanism that regulates the quantity and pressure of the supplied medium. This can be achieved through valves, throttle valves, or other types of control devices that allow the flow rate of each medium to be adjusted independently.

The spray angle of the multi-component nozzle 100 can be adjusted by influencing the pressure and flow rate in the individual channels 40, 60, and 70. Higher pressure and flow rate result in a wider spray angle, while lower pressure and flow rate result in a narrower spray angle. This is achieved through independent control of the pressure or flow rate in the individual channels. Asymmetrical spray patterns can also be created with 40, 60, and 70.

Furthermore, the mixing behavior of various media or substances can be influenced by varying the pressure and/or flow rate in the duct channels 40, 60, and 70. By varying the flow rate and/or pressure, homogeneous mixing of the media can be achieved, or areas with a higher concentration of a specific substance can be selectively created. This is particularly important in applications requiring precise control of mixing ratios, such as coating production or chemical reactions. Additionally, varying the pressure and flow rate in the duct channels 40, 60, and 70 can also improve spray quality. By precisely controlling the flow conditions, finer spray mist can be generated, ensuring a uniform distribution of the media on the target surface. This can contribute to more efficient application of media.

The independent control of the pressure and volume flow in the line channels 40, 60, 70 of the multi-component nozzle 100 thus enables precise adjustment of the spray angle, the mixing behavior and the spray quality, which can lead to improved results and more efficient application.

Furthermore, the multi-component nozzle 100 is designed to be adjustable, ensuring that the nozzle openings 47, 67, and 77 are precisely aligned with a fiber web, for example. This guarantees a uniform application across the entire width of the fiber web. The upper rail 80 is specifically designed for mounting and adjusting the multi-component nozzle 100.

Furthermore, in the 1 and 2 Guide vanes (not shown) may be provided in the flow channels 40, 60, 70 of the multi-component nozzle 100 to improve the uniformity of the flow of the respective medium in each flow channel. Guide vanes can play an important role in optimizing flow straightening and controlling the flow dynamics in the flow channels 40, 60, 70 of the multi-component nozzle 100, resulting in improved performance and efficiency of the multi-component nozzle 100.

The guide vanes help to stabilize and smooth the flow of the media in the guide channels 40, 60, and 70. By preventing turbulence and eddies, guide vanes contribute to a uniform flow, resulting in a more consistent and precise application of the media. Furthermore, with the multi-component nozzle 100, which has separate guide channels 40, 60, and 70 for different media, it is important to prevent unwanted premature mixing of the media. Guide vanes help to separate the media and ensure that they only come into contact at the outlet opening 50. This allows for targeted control of the mixing process.

Furthermore, the flow dynamics in the duct channels 40, 60, and 70 can be optimized through a suitable arrangement and shape of the guide vanes. This allows the flow velocity to be increased or decreased to achieve specific effects, such as generating a particular spray pattern or improving spray quality. Guide vanes can also help reduce the formation of deposits or blockages in duct channels 40, 60, and 70 by promoting a uniform flow and minimizing areas where material can accumulate.

Furthermore, the shape of the outlet edge 57 of the multi-component nozzle 100, such as a serrated, corrugated, or straight shape, can significantly influence the atomization performance of the media. A serrated outlet edge 57 can help atomize the liquid or medium into smaller droplets by breaking the liquid's surface tension and facilitating droplet formation. The irregular surface features can also generate turbulence, which further improves atomization. A corrugated outlet edge 57, similar to a serrated edge, can help atomize the liquid into smaller droplets by creating turbulence in the liquid flow, thus increasing atomization efficiency. The corrugated surface can also contribute to a more uniform droplet distribution. A carefully designed straight outlet edge 57 can also contribute to efficient atomization by promoting a stable flow and producing droplets of uniform size.

The choice of edge shape for the outlet edge 57 can vary depending on the application and specific requirements. In some cases, a serrated or wavy outlet edge 57 may offer better atomization efficiency, while in other cases a straight outlet edge 57 may be sufficient. The precise design of the outlet edge 57 is therefore important to achieve the desired atomization effects and ensure optimal performance of the multi-fluid nozzle 100.

Furthermore, the arrangement of the nozzle openings 47, 67, 77 at different heights relative to each other represents another possibility to influence the atomization and distribution of the media in the multi-component nozzle 100 and thus to adapt and optimize the performance and functionality of the multi-component nozzle 100 to the specific requirements of a particular application.

By arranging the nozzle openings 47, 67, 77 at different levels, different spray patterns can be created. For example, a higher outlet position can atomize the liquid more widely and produce a wider spray pattern, while a lower outlet position produces larger droplets and a narrower spray pattern.

Furthermore, varying the height of the nozzle openings 47, 67, 77 can also influence the mixing behavior of the media. Depending on the application, different mixing ratios or concentrations of the media may be desired. By strategically arranging the nozzle openings 47, 67, 77 at different height levels, the mixing behavior can be precisely controlled.

Furthermore, the atomization quality, particularly the size and distribution of the generated droplets, can be influenced by arranging the nozzle openings 47, 67, 77 at different height levels. Careful design of the height can help ensure a uniform distribution of the droplets across the target area and guarantee efficient application of the media.

Furthermore, additional distribution pipes inside or outside the guide channels 40, 60, 70 can help improve the performance and efficiency of the multi-component nozzle 100 by enabling a more uniform distribution of the media within the multi-component nozzle 100. These distribution pipes serve to direct and regulate the fluid flow to ensure a uniform distribution of the media in all guide channels 40, 60, 70 and the nozzle openings 47, 67, 77.

Adding distribution pipes can compensate for any irregularities or flow differences within the pipe channels 40, 60, and 70. This helps ensure that the medium flows evenly through the respective pipe channel 40, 60, and 70, guaranteeing uniform distribution along the entire length of the multi-fluid nozzle 100.

Furthermore, the distribution pipes can also help to minimize the formation of low-flow areas within a duct (40, 60, 70 mm). By directing the medium in different directions, the distribution pipes ensure that all areas of the nozzle are supplied with the medium evenly, preventing unwanted accumulations or blockages.

Furthermore, the multi-component nozzle 100 according to the invention can be used for various purposes, not only for applying liquids or for spraying.

In particular, it can be used to create a so-called air shield. In this application, the various guide channels 40, 60, and 70 of the multi-fluid nozzle 100 are used to mix and control different gases or air streams to create a protective shield or air barrier. By mixing air streams at different temperatures, air shields can be created to control or stabilize the temperature in a specific area. This can be useful, for example, to insulate hot or cold areas or to maintain a controlled ambient temperature.

The multi-component nozzle 100 according to the invention can also be used to mix and control airflows at different speeds. This allows air curtains to be created to direct, control, or manipulate the airflow. This can be advantageous, for example, to guide airflows around specific areas or to minimize air turbulence.

Airshields can also be used to protect areas from contamination by creating a barrier of clean air to keep out pollutant particles or substances. This can be important in sensitive environments such as cleanrooms, laboratories, or medical facilities to ensure air purity.

The use as a foam nozzle is another application of the multi-component nozzle 100. Foam nozzles are used in a wide variety of applications, including firefighting, cleaning, disinfection, food processing, and many more. The multi-component nozzle 100 according to the invention is an efficient tool for foam generation because it enables precise control of the liquid flows and ensures a uniform distribution of the foam on the target surface.

Overall, the multi-component nozzle 100 according to the invention offers a simple way to generate and adapt foam for various applications, ensuring precise control of the foam properties and efficient foam generation.

When the multi-component nozzle 100 is used as a foam nozzle, the various flow channels 40, 60, and 70 of the multi-component nozzle 100 are used for mixing and foaming different liquids. With the multi-component nozzle 100 according to the invention, two or more liquids can be precisely mixed to form a homogeneous foam. Typically, a liquid and a propellant are mixed, the propellant often being a gas such as air or nitrogen. The properties of the generated foam can be adjusted with the multi-component nozzle 100 by controlling the flow rates and the proportions of the different liquids. These properties include the density, consistency, stability, and volume of the foam.

Furthermore, the multi-component nozzle 100 according to the invention can also be used for powder application. Powder application nozzles are used in a variety of applications, including coatings, surface treatments, food processing, and many more. When using the multi-component nozzle 100 as a powder application nozzle, the various guide channels 40, 60, and 70 of the multi-component nozzle 100 are used to mix different powders and apply them to a surface. The multi-component nozzle 100 according to the invention enables the precise mixing of two or more powders to create a homogeneous mixture that can be applied to the target surface. The powders can have different compositions or properties required for the desired application. By controlling the flow rates and the proportions of the different powders, the multi-component nozzle 100 can be used to adjust the properties of the applied powder. This includes the particle size, shape, density, and distribution of the powder.

The multi-component nozzle 100 according to the invention thus represents an efficient tool for powder application, as it enables precise control of the powder flow and ensures a uniform distribution of the powder on the target surface.

The multi-component nozzle 100 according to the invention can also be used in the coating process, in particular for the direct spraying of coating materials. With the multi-component nozzle 100, two or more coating materials can be precisely mixed and applied directly to the surface, since the coating flow can be precisely controlled and a uniform distribution of the coating on the surface is ensured. The coating materials can be paints, varnishes, adhesives, sealants, or other coating substances. By controlling the flow rates and the proportions of the different coating materials, the properties of the applied coating can be adjusted with the multi-component nozzle 100. These include layer thickness, texture, color, gloss, and adhesion. A wide variety of substrates can be coated with the multi-component nozzle 100, including metals, plastics, wood, and glass. The multi-component nozzle 100 can be adapted to the specific requirements of different substrates and coating applications by appropriately designing the guide channels 40, 60, and 70.

In particular, artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms, such as neural networks, can be used to control and regulate the multi-fluid nozzle 100, as controlling this nozzle can be very complex, especially when it comes to adjusting the flow rates and proportions of the various media in real time. Using AI algorithms to control the multi-fluid nozzle 100 can improve performance, efficiency, and flexibility by automating and optimizing complex control tasks.

AI algorithms can efficiently handle complex control tasks by recognizing patterns, understanding relationships, and making decisions. Therefore, AI algorithms can be used to continuously optimize the performance of multi-component nozzles by automatically adjusting the optimal flow rates and ratios of the various media to achieve the desired results. This can help reduce material consumption, improve product quality, and increase process efficiency. Specifically, AI algorithms can also be used to adapt the control of the multi-component nozzle 100 to changing environmental conditions, such as changes in material composition, temperature, humidity, or pressure. By continuously monitoring and adjusting the control parameters, AI algorithms can ensure that the multi-component nozzle 100 operates optimally under varying conditions. In particular, AI algorithms learn to adapt to new situations by utilizing data from past experiences. This allows the multi-component nozzle 100 to adapt to changing requirements and conditions and to be continuously improved.

Neural networks are particularly well-suited for controlling the Multi-Component Nozzle 100. Through machine learning, neural networks are able to recognize complex patterns in data and make decisions based on them. This is especially useful when it comes to adjusting the flow rates and ratios of different media in real time. The neural network can derive patterns from the input data and generate corresponding control signals. By training with suitable training data, neural networks can be specifically optimized for controlling the Multi-Component Nozzle 100 to achieve the desired mixing and application results. In particular, neural networks can operate efficiently in real time, thus controlling a multi-component nozzle with high precision and responsiveness.

The multi-component nozzle according to the invention allows several media to be dispensed simultaneously and applied to a substrate, in particular a fibrous web. Independent of individual setting parameters, such as an exact flow rate and a specific pressure, precise control and uniform distribution of the media over a larger application width can be achieved by designing the geometry of the guide channels.

Reference sign

10

Housing

12

Inlet area

14

floor area

17

outer surface

20

first entrance

22

first feed channel

30

second inlet

32

second feed channel

40

first conduit

45

first exit channel

47

first nozzle opening

50

Exit opening

51

wall

52

upper end area

53

lower end range

55

Distribution pipe

57

Exit edge

59

Top of the exit edge

60

third conduit

61

third entrance

65

third exit channel

67

third nozzle opening

70

second conduit

75

second exit channel

77

second nozzle opening

80

rail

100

Multi-fuel nozzle

α

angle

L

length

QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of documents cited by the applicant was automatically generated and is included solely for the reader's convenience. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA accepts no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 10 2006 018 760 A1 [0007]
• WO 2012/136635 A1 [0008]
• DE 10 2022 105 510 B4 [0009]

Claims (14)

Multi-component nozzle (100) for the simultaneous application of at least two media, in particular for the application of liquid or pasty media to a running surface of a material web, in particular to a running surface of a fibrous web in a machine for the production and/or treatment of a fibrous web, comprising a tubular housing (10) with a surface area (17) of a length (L) which corresponds at least substantially to an application width, wherein the housing (10) comprises in its interior at least a first conduit channel (40) and/or a second conduit channel (70) and a third conduit channel (60), wherein the first conduit channel (40) has a first inlet opening (20) for receiving a first medium, and/or the second conduit channel (70) has a second inlet opening (30) for receiving a second medium, and wherein the third conduit channel (60) has a third inlet opening (61) for receiving a third medium, wherein a linear outlet opening (50) extends substantially over the length (L) extends and is designed to combine the currents of at least the first medium and/or the second medium and the third medium and to direct them onto a target surface. Multi-fuel nozzle (100) according to Claim 1 , where the first and/or second medium are gaseous and the third medium is liquid. Multi-fuel nozzle (100) according to Claim 2 , with a control system designed to independently regulate the flow rate and pressure of the respective medium in the pipe channels (40, 60, 70). Multi-fuel nozzle (100) according to Claim 3 , whereby the control system uses artificial intelligence algorithms, in particular neural networks. Multi-fuel nozzle (100) according to one of the Claims 1 until 4 , wherein the first inlet opening (20) is connected to a first supply channel (22) for introducing the first medium into the first conduit channel (40) and the second inlet opening (30) is connected to a second supply channel (32) for introducing the second medium into the second conduit channel (70), wherein the first supply channel (22) and the second supply channel (32) are arranged on an inlet surface (12) of the housing (10). Multi-fuel nozzle (100) according to Claim 5 , wherein the first feed channel (22) and the second feed channel (32) are arranged at an angle (α) to each other on the inlet surface (12) of the housing (10). Multi-fuel nozzle (100) according to one of the Claims 1 until 6 , wherein inside the housing (10) a wall (51) and an adjoining distribution pipe (55) are provided, separating the first conduit (40) from the second conduit (70), wherein the distribution pipe (55) has a circular cross-section in the upper region and encloses the third conduit (60), wherein the distribution pipe (55) is conical in the lower region and delimits a third outlet channel (65), wherein the outlet channel (65) opens into a third nozzle opening (67), and wherein the third nozzle opening (67) is surrounded laterally by an outlet edge (57). Multi-fuel nozzle (100) according to one of the Claims 1 until 7 , wherein guide plates and/or distribution pipes are provided inside or outside the conduit channels (40, 60, 70) to control the flow direction and uniformity of the media. Multi-fuel nozzle (100) according to one of the Claims 1 until 8 , wherein the linear outlet opening (50) includes at least one outlet edge (57) with a serrated, corrugated or straight shape to optimize the atomization efficiency of the media. Multi-fuel nozzle (100) according to one of the Claims 1 until 9 , wherein the first conduit channel (40) is designed in its lower region as a first outlet channel (45) and opens into a first nozzle opening (47), wherein the second conduit channel (70) is designed in its lower region as a second outlet channel (45) and opens into a second nozzle opening (77), and wherein the first nozzle opening (47) and the second nozzle opening (77) enclose the third nozzle opening (47) on both sides. Multi-fuel nozzle (100) according to Claim 10 , wherein the nozzle openings (47, 67, 77) are arranged at different height levels relative to each other in order to produce different spray patterns, mixing behavior and spray qualities, enabling precise control and adaptation to the specific requirements of each application. Multi-fuel nozzle (100) according to one of the Claims 1 until 11 , wherein the housing (10) is made of stainless steel and/or as an injection-molded plastic part. Multi-fuel nozzle (100) according to one of the Claims 1 until 12 , wherein the multi-component nozzle (100) is applicable to a wide variety of applications, in particular coatings, surface treatments, direct spraying, foaming, powder application, airshield applications and other industrial processes requiring precise control and mixing of multiple media. Method for controlling and regulating a multi-component nozzle (100), in particular a multi-component nozzle (100) according to Claim 1 , wherein artificial intelligence algorithms, in particular neural networks, are used to control and regulate the multi-fluid nozzle (100), in particular with regard to the adjustment of the flow rates and the proportions of the different media in real time.