DE102013009024A1 - Support structure of a structure, in particular an offshore wind turbine and method for producing such a support structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a support structure of a structure, in particular an offshore wind turbine.
The support structure consists of a plurality of interconnected support modules (4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4), wherein the respective support module of a plurality of annularly arranged rods (3, 3 ', 3 '') is constructed and the respective ends of the rods (3, 3 ', 3'') with a connecting plate formed as an annular disc (7, 7.1, 7.2, ... 7.10) are connected, wherein the annular disc according to the number of Rods (3, 3 ', 3'') distributed over the circumference of the annular disc hole-like receptacles (8) into which the rods (3, 3', 3 '') of the support modules (4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 5.1 , 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4) can be inserted and connected herewith.

Description

The present invention relates to the support structure of a structure, in particular an offshore wind turbine according to the preamble of claim 1. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for producing such a support structure according to claim 19.

Offshore wind turbines can be divided into two construction areas. The first area is the highly fatigued load-bearing structure. This begins at the bottom of the sea and reaches its end at the central tube knot, d. H. the connection to the tower of the wind turbine. The central tube node carries the tower and the turbine and derives the resulting loads and impacts.

The second area is the actual foundation, which z. B. is designed as an anchorable with the seabed foundation element or gravity foundation. The foundation absorbs the loads caused by the supporting structure, the tower and the wind turbine and transfers them to the seabed. The entire construction, consisting of foundation and support structure as well as tower and turbine, is called offshore wind energy plant (OWEA).

The simplest form of a supporting structure is a monopile, ie a one-pipe construction consisting of one pipe dimension.

The diameter of monopiles is limited for manufacturing reasons to about 7 m, resulting in a turbine power of about 5 megawatts at a water depth of max. 30 m corresponds.

Due to the continued increase of turbine capacities (> 5 MW) and the planned wind farms with water depths of more than 30 m, structures (jacket structure) which will be dissolved in the future will replace monopiles, which can carry much larger loads.

From the prior art are as jacket structures z. B. truss structures known ( EP 2 067 913 A2 or DE 20 2011 101 599 U1 ), which are designed as three-dimensional frameworks and are basically suitable for high turbine performance and large water depths.

When in the EP 2 067 913 A2 described truss construction, the lattice structure consists of several truss frames, which in turn consist of vertical or slightly inclined rods in the edge or corner areas and preferably diagonally oriented struts to stiffen. Since the individual bars of the truss frame collide at the Fackwerkknoten, separately manufactured node parts are provided with which the branching in different directions of the truss struts can be interconnected. In this case, the entire assembled from individual parts construction is designed for each specific case.

Also at the time of the DE 20 2011 101 599 U1 known truss structure, the struts of the individual truss frames are also connected to each other by means of separate node parts.

A disadvantage of these known truss constructions is on the one hand the complex construction, in which the struts of the individual truss frames are connected to each other by means of separately manufactured knot parts and the variety of parts for the complex adaptation of each design to different static requirements. All these known truss structures are custom-made, which require a high planning, manufacturing and assembly costs. In particular, the assembly effort in assembling the truss structure at sea is a significant cost factor here.

Another major disadvantage of all previously known jacket structures is the very elaborate manufakturhafte production of each individual construction. If one considers that the planned offshore wind farms can only be economically realized by moving away from the "manufactory" to "mass production" with high quantities, this requires a rethinking of the structural design of support structures for offshore wind turbines.

The object of the invention is therefore to provide a supporting structure of a structure in particular for an offshore wind turbine, which is also suitable for water depths of more than 30 m and for turbine power of more than 5 MW and also easy and inexpensive to different static requirements is adaptable and Significantly reduced the planning, production and assembly costs. Especially should also be a cost-effective mass production by a suitable construction of the support structure and by a corresponding manufacturing process are made possible.

The teaching of the invention comprises a support structure consisting of a plurality of interconnected support modules, wherein the respective support module consists of a plurality of annularly arranged rods and the respective ends of the rods are connected to a formed as an annular disc connecting element, wherein the annular disc corresponding to the number of rods on the Distributed circumference, has hole-like receptacles into which the rods of the support modules can be inserted and connected herewith.

The proposed support structure according to the invention is a cost-effective and time-saving design with which reacts flexibly to different required heights and can be dispensed with separately manufactured knot parts. The support structure can be used both in the offshore and in the onshore area, the application is not limited to support structures for wind turbines, but z. B. can also be used for drilling platforms.

The clou of the invention is that the advantages of the jacket structure, such as high static load capacity, combined with the advantages of a monopile, such as simple node-free construction, without having to accept the disadvantages of the known jacket structures. Thus, the welds to be executed are only designed as easy-to-produce circumferential welds, which can be both automated and non-destructive tested.

In particular, by constructive design of the support structure according to the invention with annular disk-shaped connecting elements at the ends of the rods, the construction gains considerably in rigidity, so that no diagonal bracing and thus no complex node connections are necessary. Here, the rods are surrounded by hole-like receptacles from the connecting element and firmly connected by means of circular welds.

The connecting elements themselves are advantageously carried out segmented in order to represent the assembly of the rods and the connecting elements of the individual support modules for mass production as economically as possible. If required for static reasons, the connecting elements can be additionally provided with stiffeners after assembly of the supporting modules.

Since the structure is made up of only a few standard elements, such as rods and connecting elements, planning, production and assembly costs are significantly reduced and cost-effective mass production possible.

A particular advantage is also that the complete production of the support structure can already be done on land side, so that expensive manufacturing and assembly times can be avoided at sea.

While the fasteners of the support modules z. B. made of heavy plate steel, the rods are preferably made of welded steel tubes whose geometry (diameter, wall thickness) and material are adapted to the different static requirements. Depending on the dimensions required, it is also possible to use seamless tubes in certain cases, if this should be more economical.

In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the rods formed as tubes of the support modules to be connected by means of bolt-like guide elements are interconnected. The bolt-like guide elements are pushed to the ends of the pipes to be joined rods up to a stop, so that the rods are guided by this and exactly aligned with each other.

For this purpose, the bolt-like guide elements advantageously a radial projection as a stop, to which the guide elements are inserted into the end of the rods to be joined. About the thus specified insertion depth of the inserted into the ends of the rods guide elements an exact guidance of the rods to be joined is ensured. After the rods are aligned over the guide elements to each other, the connection between rods and guide elements is advantageously secured by welds and then inserted into the hole-like receptacles of the connecting element.

This is advantageous because, on the one hand, the connection of the rods to one another and the connection of the rods to the annular disk-shaped connecting element can be realized with only a few welds. Due to the geometry of the welds (fillet weld or butt weld), the welding process can advantageously be carried out automatically.

The connecting plane of the rods is advantageously outside the hole-like receptacle of the connecting element, wherein subsequently the rods of a support module and the rods of the module connected thereto are welded together with the connecting element formed as an annular disc by means of circumferential welds on the upper and lower sides of the annular discs. In the case of a connection plane of the bars lying outside the hole-like receptacle, there is the advantage of easy accessibility for a weld inspection on the finished structure.

If the connecting plane of the rods is to be positioned within the hole-like receptacle of the connecting element, the radial projection of the bolt-like guide element is at most as large as the outer diameter of the rods and the diameter of the hole-like receptacles of the connecting element.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention it is provided that the support structure consists of individual already factory assembled as a complete support structure and interconnected support modules.

The outer shape of the support structure itself may be cylindrical, conical or combined cylindrical / conical. In the latter case, the support structure consists for example of a plurality of cylindrical and a plurality of conical support modules, which can be freely combined according to the static requirements.

Since the support modules can be easily prefabricated according to the static requirements as standard modules and factory assembled to complete support structure, the manufacturing cost and the installation time in the factory is significantly reduced, which greatly reduces the total cost of manufacturing and assembly of the support structure.

Since, in the support structure according to the invention for static reasons, no branches at the junctions of the support modules are required, can be dispensed with node parts, which also significantly reduces manufacturing costs.

Compared to known solutions, the support structure according to the invention is therefore much easier to implement faster and cheaper.

The floor plan of the support structure can be flexibly adapted to the respective requirements. In addition to round, triangular, rectangular or square bases hexagonal, octagonal or polygonal bases are possible. From a static and economic point of view, however, a circular floor plan has proven to be advantageous.

• – Produktion von mehreren vorgefertigten Tragmodulen, bestehend aus mehreren ringförmig angeordneten Stäben, deren Enden beidseitig mit als Ringscheibe ausgebildeten Verbindungselementen verbunden werden, wobei die Ringscheiben lochartige Aufnahmen für die Stäbe aufweisen, in die die Enden der Stäbe eingesteckt und damit verbunden werden,
• – Verbinden der Stäbe des daran anzuschließenden weiteren Tragmoduls mittels in die Enden der zu verbindenden Stäbe einführbaren Führungselementen und Verbinden der Enden der Stäbe des weiteren Tragmoduls mit dem Verbindungselement,
• – Zusammensetzten mehrerer Tragmodule bis zur vorgesehenen Höhe der vorgesehenen Tragstruktur

A simple and cost-effective method for the factory production of a support structure according to the invention is provided with the following steps:

• - Production of several prefabricated support modules, consisting of a plurality of annularly arranged rods whose ends are connected on both sides with formed as an annular disc connecting elements, wherein the annular discs have hole-like receptacles for the rods, in which the ends of the rods are inserted and connected thereto,
• Connecting the rods of the further support module to be connected thereto by means of guide elements insertable into the ends of the rods to be connected and connecting the ends of the rods of the further support module to the connecting element,
• - Assembling several support modules to the intended height of the proposed support structure

The present invention will be further clarified by means of embodiments and further aspects and in conjunction with the following figures, without, however, being limited thereto. The embodiments, including their variants, as well as the further aspects of the invention can be combined with one another as desired, unless the contrary clearly results from the context.

Show it:

1 : schematic representation of a cross section of a monopile formed support structure according to the prior art

2 : schematic representation of a cross section of a support structure according to the invention for an offshore structure

3a : 4-storey supporting structure with cylindrical and conical modules in a schematic view

3b : 4-level conical supporting structure with conical cross section of the support modules in a schematic view

3c : 4-storey supporting structure with cylindrical and conical modules in a schematic view

4 : schematic representation of the connection between bars and connecting element

5 : schematic detail of a connecting element

6 : schematic representation of a bolt-like guide element

7a , b, c: schematic representation of the manufacturing steps of a flexible series production of a cylindrical support module

8th : schematic representation of the production steps of a flexible series production of a conical support module

1 shows a schematic representation of the cross section of a monopile 1 formed support structure for a wind turbine of the prior art. The monopile 1 has as the simplest structural design of a support structure as a main supporting element only one post.

The monopile 1 would have to have a diameter of at least 15 m, with wall thicknesses of about 100 mm, even at water depths of more than 30 m and for turbine outputs of more than 5 MW, with wall thicknesses of about 100 mm, which is currently technically not feasible and with regard to structural stability and wave load makes sense.

2 shows as an example a schematic representation of a plan view of a supporting structure according to the invention for water depths of more than 30 m and turbine powers of more than 5 MW with the same rigidity of the monopile 1 out 1 , The supporting structure 2 consists of circularly arranged at a constant distance rods 3 , where the rods 3 are formed as tubes. The annulus has in this example a diameter of 10 m with a tube diameter of 1.50 m and a tube wall thickness of about 30 mm.

In the 3a , b, c are according to the in 2 illustrated plan view of several examples of constructed from several support modules support structures shown with an annular arrangement of the rods. Instead of the diagonal struts otherwise customary for jacket structures for the construction of a truss structure, segmented connecting elements of annular disk shape according to the invention stiffen the structure, so that expensive node connections are superfluous.

3a shows a 4-storey support structure 4 for a wind turbine with cylindrical and conical modules in a schematic view. The upper part of the support structure 4 consists of two cylindrical support modules 4.1 and 4.2 , at the bottom, two tapered supporting modules 4.3 and 4.4 connect.

The individual tag modules 4.1 . 4.2 . 4.3 . 4 . 4 consist of bars 3 , whose ends with ring-shaped connecting elements 7 are connected. According to the support structure is designed so stiff, so that can be dispensed with additional diagonal struts, so that no complex node connections are necessary.

3b shows a variant of a 4-level cone-shaped support structure 5 for a wind turbine with conical cross-section of support modules 5.1 . 5.2 . 5.3 . 5 . 4 for the realization of a load-optimized structure. Again, the support structure consists of individual juxtaposed and interconnected upwardly tapered support modules 5.1 . 5.2 . 5.3 . 5.4 in turn, from a conically tapering from bottom to top arrangement of rods 3 ' exist and their ends also with ring-shaped connecting elements 7.1 . 7.2 . 7.3 . 7.4 . 7.5 are connected.

3c shows as a further variant of a load-optimized support structure a 4-tiered support structure 6 with conical and cylindrical modules in a schematic view. In this variant, the support structure consists initially from top to bottom of two conical upwardly magnifying support modules 6.1 and 6.2 , to which are two equally sized cylindrical support modules 6.3 and 6.4 connect. The bars 3 '' the individual support modules 6.1 . 6.2 . 6.3 and 6.4 are also with annular disc-shaped connecting elements 7.5 . 7.6 . 7.7 . 7.8 connected.

Thus, the support structures according to the invention described combine the positive properties of monopiles (no knots) and jacket designs (high rigidity).

4 shows by means of in 3a support structure shown the connection of the two support modules 4.1 and 4.2 as detail A. Shown is the connection of the bars 3 the two support modules 4.1 and 4.2 by means of the connecting element 7 , The connecting element 7 points to the admission of the two bars 3 a hole-like recording 8th on (sa 5 ), into which the two bars to be joined 3 inserted and with the connecting element 7 by means of circumferential welds 14 are connected.

The bars to be joined 3 the support modules 4.1 and 4.2 are formed as tubes and by means of a bolt-like guide element 13 connected with each other. The bolt-like guide element 13 is to be in the ends of the connecting rods designed as tubes 3 up to a stop 15 (Sat. 6 ) pushed so that the rods 3 guided by this and are aligned exactly to each other.

The stop 15 is formed as a radial projection, to which the guide element 13 into the end of the bars to be joined 3 is insertable. About the thus specified insertion depth of the in the ends of the rods 3 inserted guide element 13 becomes an exact guide of the rods to be joined 3 ensured. After the bars 3 over the guide element 13 aligned with each other is the connection between bars 3 and guide element 13 advantageously secured by welds (not shown here) and then in the hole-like receptacle 8th of the connecting element 7 introduced.

In this example, the connection plane of the bars 3 outside the hole-like receptacle 8th of the connecting element 7 positioned to enable subsequent non-destructive testing of welds after complete assembly.

According to 4 are the bars 3 of a support module 4.1 and the bars 3 the connected module 4.2 with the trained as an annular disc connecting element 7 by means of circumferential welds 14 at the top and bottom of the connecting element 7 welded together.

The structure of the annular disk-shaped connecting element 7 out 4 show the 5 , The connecting element 7 indicates according to the number of bars to be joined 3 the support modules 4.1 and 4.2 distributed over the circumference eight hole-like shots 8th on, in which the eight bars 3 the support modules 4.1 and 4.2 plugged in and can be connected herewith. The bars 3 have an outer diameter that is at most as large as the diameter of the hole-like recordings 8th , The connecting element 7 is executed segmented according to the invention and consists of corresponding to eight individual segments 9 , Wherein semicircular recesses are mounted, which together with the semicircular recesses of the adjoining further segment 9 the holey shots 8th for the bars 3 form.

In addition, the connecting element has stiffeners 10 on, with which the rigidity of the mounted support modules 4.1 and 4.2 can be further increased. A node connection with the bars 3 This avoids the stiffeners 10 between the holes 8th the segments 9 arranged and there with the segments 9 are connected.

Another outstanding advantage of this design is the production-oriented design, which enables standardized and industrial series production. The 7 shows the individual manufacturing steps of a flexible series production for the cylindrical support modules 4.1 and 4.2 according to 3a ,

8th shows that by the use of flexible clamping stands in the mass production of the support modules and conical structures according to 3b can be manufactured with which in comparison to cylindrical support structures stress-optimized and thus more economical constructions can be realized.

The in 7 Production process shown for the two to be manufactured and connected support modules 4.1 and 4.2 looks first three rotatable by 360 ° mounted scaffolds 11 . 11 ' and 11 '' ago, with which the eight bars 3 comprehensive basic design of the support modules can be positioned and aligned.

The scaffolding 11 . 11 ' and 11 '' are according to the annular arrangement of the rods 3 the resulting support module also annular and have radially adjustable clamping jaws 12 according to the number of bars of the support module, with which the segments 9 the connecting elements 7 according to the diameter of the cylindrical structure of the support modules 4.1 and 4.2 are adjustable in their radial position.

The distance between the scaffolds 11 and 11 ' such as 11 ' and 11 '' to each other is variably adjustable and corresponds in this case exactly the length of the respective to be manufactured support modules 4.1 and 4.2 ,

For the production of the support modules 4.1 and 4.2 is first according to 7a in the jaws 12 the scaffolding 11 . 11 ' . 11 '' at 6 o'clock position a segment 9 of the connecting element 7 clamped and two rods 3 by means of the bolt-like guide element 13 interconnected (see upper part of picture). In the semicircular recesses on the sides of the segments 9 then two are already with the bolt-like guide elements 13 connected bars 3 the support modules to be manufactured 4.1 and 4.2 inserted and then connected by means of a weld with it (see lower sub-picture).

In this example, the 6 o'clock position is for loading the clamping frames 11 . 11 ' and 11 '' been chosen, because so the supply of the rods 3 to the clamping stands 11 . 11 ' and 11 '' over the roller table 16 can take place at the same height.

In the next production step (see upper drawing 7b ), the clamping frame is turned so far that the next segment 9 of the connecting element 7 in 6 o'clock position in the jaw 12 clamped and to the previous segment 9 and the rods already attached to it 3 can also be connected. To the other side of the segment 9 be in the still free semi-circular recess then the next already on the bolt-like guide element 13 connected bars 3 inserted and connected. This process is repeated until the two support modules 4.1 and 4.2 are completely assembled (see lower part of picture 7b) , After completion of the complete structure of the support module, the stiffening of the connecting elements takes place 7 by welding with stiffeners 10 ,

By lateral displacement of the already manufactured support modules behind the framework 11 '' Further support modules can be manufactured and attached to the initially manufactured support modules 4.1 and 4.2 reconnect ( 7c ).

In principle, the support modules can also have different lengths and cross sections, whereby the different conditions in a wind farm can be accommodated despite a standardized and industrial series production.

In 8th is the manufacturing process for a composite of conical support modules support structure according to 3b shown. The production process corresponds to that of 7 described so that is waived repetitions. The only difference is the radial position of the clamping jaws 12 the respective clamping scaffolding 11 . 11 ' and 11 '' to the cone-shaped structure of the supporting elements 3 and thus form the support modules. The connecting elements 7.1 . 7.2 . 7.3 . 7.4 and 7.5 Accordingly, different diameters for the annular arrangement of the hole-like recording 8th for the bars 3 ' on.

• – deutlich geringere Planungs- und Montagezeiten durch modularen Aufbau,
• – fertigungsgerechte Konstruktion, d. h. kostengünstige werkseitige Vorfertigung der gesamten Tragkonstruktion, was die Gesamtkosten der Herstellung und Montage der Tragkonstruktion deutlich reduziert,
• – Serienfertigung möglich durch standardisiertes Halbzeug (einheitliche Länge/ Dimensionen), d. h. kurze Produktionszeit
• – Materialersparnis durch belastungssoptimierte Struktur der Tragkonstruktion
• – sehr geringe Anzahl der unterschiedlichen Halbzeuge (nur maximal vier Hauptelemente: Stäbe, Verbindungselemente, bolzenartiges Führungselement und Aussteifungen)
• – automatische Schweißverbindungen möglich
• – keine Knotenverbindungen
• – keine Konturschnitte (nur glatte Enden mit Schweißnahtvorbereitung)
• – standardisierte Werksbeschichtung der Stäbe möglich
• – variable Gesamtdurchmesser (durch flexiblen „Revolver” bzw. flexible Steigung)
• – hohe Reproduzierbarkeit und Fertigungsgenauigkeit, d. h. Realisierung enger Toleranzen
• – Automatisierte zerstörungsfreie Schweißnahtprüfung möglich
• – Industrielle Schweißnahtbehandlung thermisch und/oder mechanisch möglich

Bezugszeichenliste 1 Monopile (Stand der Technik) 2 Grundriss einer erfindungsgemäßen Tragstruktur 3, 3', 3'' Stäbe 4 3-etagige zylindrische Tragstruktur 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4 Tragmodule 5 3-etagige kegelförmige Tragstruktur 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4 Tragmodule 6 4-etagige zylindrische Tragstruktur 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4 Tragmodule 7, 7.1, 7.2...7.10 Verbindungselemente 8 lochartige Aufnahmen 9 Segment aus einem Verbindungselement 10 Aussteifungen 11, 11', 11'' Spanngerüste 12 radial einstellbare Spannbacken 13 bolzenartiges Führungselement 14 Schweißverbindungen 15 Anschlag 16 Rollgang In summary, the following advantages of the support structure according to the invention in relation to jacket structures can be mentioned:

• - Significantly shorter planning and assembly times due to modular design,
• Production-friendly design, ie cost-effective factory prefabrication of the entire support structure, which significantly reduces the total cost of manufacturing and assembly of the support structure,
• - Series production possible by means of standardized semi-finished products (uniform length / dimensions), ie short production time
• - Material savings through load-optimized structure of the supporting structure
• - very small number of different semi-finished products (only a maximum of four main elements: rods, fasteners, bolt-like guide element and stiffeners)
• - Automatic welded joints possible
• - no node connections
• - no contour cuts (only smooth ends with weld seam preparation)
• - standardized factory coating of the bars possible
• - variable overall diameter (due to flexible "turret" or flexible pitch)
• - high reproducibility and manufacturing accuracy, ie realization of tight tolerances
• - Automated non-destructive weld inspection possible
• - Industrial weld seam treatment thermally and / or mechanically possible

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS 1 Monopile (prior art) 2 Floor plan of a support structure according to the invention 3 . 3 ' . 3 '' rods 4 3-level cylindrical support structure 4.1 . 4.2 . 4.3 . 4.4 carrier modules 5 3-level conical support structure 5.1 . 5.2 . 5.3 . 5.4 carrier modules 6 4-level cylindrical support structure 6.1 . 6.2 . 6.3 . 6.4 carrier modules 7 . 7.1 . 7.2 ... 7.10 fasteners 8th hole-like shots 9 Segment from a connector 10 stiffeners 11 . 11 ' . 11 '' span Scaffolding 12 radially adjustable clamping jaws 13 bolt-like guide element 14 welds 15 attack 16 roller table

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• EP 2067913 A2 [0007, 0008]
• DE 202011101599 U1 [0007, 0009]

Claims (18)

Support structure of a structure, in particular an offshore wind turbine, characterized in that the support structure of a plurality of interconnected support modules ( 4.1 . 4.2 . 4.3 . 4.4 . 5.1 . 5.2 . 5.3 . 5.4 . 6.1 . 6.2 . 6.3 . 6.4 ), wherein the respective support module of a plurality of annularly arranged rods ( 3 . 3 ' . 3 '' ) and the respective ends of the rods ( 3 . 3 ' . 3 '' ) with a connecting element designed as an annular disc ( 7 . 7.1 . 7.2 , ... 7.10 ), wherein the annular disc corresponding to the number of rods ( 3 . 3 ' . 3 '' ) distributed over the circumference of the annular disc hole-like recordings ( 8th ) into which the rods ( 3 . 3 ' . 3 '' ) of the support modules ( 4.1 . 4.2 . 4.3 . 4.4 . 5.1 . 5.2 . 5.3 . 5.4 . 6.1 . 6.2 . 6.3 . 6.4 ) can be inserted and connected herewith. Support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the rods ( 3 . 3 ' . 3 '' ) consist of seamless or welded tubes. Support structure according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the support structure consists of at least three modularly stacked and interconnected support modules ( 4.1 . 4.2 . 4.3 . 4.4 . 5.1 . 5.2 . 5.3 . 5.4 . 6.1 . 6.2 . 6.3 . 6.4 ) consists. Support structure according to claim 3, characterized in that the support structure consists of individual, already factory assembled and interconnected support modules ( 4.1 . 4.2 . 4.3 . 4.4 . 5.1 . 5.2 . 5.3 . 5.4 . 6.1 . 6.2 . 6.3 . 6.4 ) consists. Support structure according to claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the connecting plane of the rods to be joined together ( 3 . 3 ' . 3 '' ) of the support modules ( 4.1 . 4.2 . 4.3 . 4.4 . 5.1 . 5.2 . 5.3 . 5.4 . 6.1 . 6.2 . 6.3 . 6.4 ) outside or inside the hole-like images ( 8th ) of the connecting element ( 7 ) and thereby the bars ( 3 . 3 ' . 3 '' ) via insertable into the respective ends bolt-like guide elements ( 13 ) are guided. Support structure according to claim 5, characterized in that the bolt-like guide elements ( 13 ) a radial projection as a stop ( 15 ), to which the bolt-like guide elements ( 13 ) into the end of the bars to be joined ( 3 . 3 ' . 3 '' ) are insertable. Support structure according to claim 6, characterized in that in within the hole-like receptacles of the connecting element ( 7 ) lying connecting plane of the rods to be joined together ( 3 . 3 ' . 3 '' ) the radial projection of the stop ( 15 ) is at most as large as the diameter of the hole-like recordings ( 8th ) of the connecting element ( 7 ). Support structure according to claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the individual support modules ( 4.1 . 4.2 . 4.3 . 4.4 . 5.1 . 5.2 . 5.3 . 5.4 . 6.1 . 6.2 . 6.3 . 6.4 ) in each case an identical or different number of rods ( 3 . 3 ' . 3 '' ) exhibit. Support structure according to claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the rods ( 3 . 3 ' . 3 '' ) are arranged annularly. Support structure according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the connecting elements formed as annular discs ( 7 . 7.1 . 7.2 , ... 7.10 ) Stiffeners ( 10 ) exhibit. Support structure according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the connecting elements ( 7 . 7.1 . 7.2 , ... 7.10 ) of individual with the bars ( 3 . 3 ' . 3 '' ) connectable segments ( 9 ) consist. Support structure according to one of claims 5 to 11, characterized in that the bolt-like guide element ( 13 ) is designed as a hollow body. Support structure according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the annular discs of the connecting elements ( 7 . 7.1 . 7.2 , ... 7.10 ) are made of heavy plate steel. Support structure according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that in one of a plurality of support modules ( 4.1 . 4.2 . 4.3 . 4.4 . 5.1 . 5.2 . 5.3 . 5.4 . 6.1 . 6.2 . 6.3 . 6.4 ) Composite support structure, the individual support modules have the same and / or different base areas. Support structure according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that for realizing a pyramidal arrangement of the stacked individual support modules ( 5.1 . 5.2 . 5.3 . 5.4 ) These each have a decreasing from the base to the top of the support structure base. Support structure according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the support structure is provided with a passive and / or active corrosion protection. Use of a support structure according to one or more of claims 1 to 16 for offshore or onshore structures, in particular wind turbines or drilling platforms. Method for producing a supporting structure for a building, in particular an offshore wind turbine, comprising the following steps: - Production of several prefabricated statically predetermined support modules consisting of a plurality of annularly arranged rods whose ends are connected on both sides with formed as an annular disc fasteners, the annular discs have hole-like receptacles for the rods, in which the ends of the rods are inserted and connected thereto, Connecting the rods of the further support module to be connected thereto by means of guide elements insertable into the ends of the rods to be connected and connecting the ends of the rods of the further support module to the connecting element, - Assembling several support modules to the intended height of the proposed support structure.

Images