DE102012200927A1 - Energy management in distribution networks via wireless communication - Google Patents

Abstract

Method and arrangement for controlling the grid stability in power distribution networks, wherein in a lack of electrical real power in a geographical area of the energy distribution network mobile devices (eg smart phones, tablet PCs, electric cars), which are located in this geographical area, be prompted their battery charging cycle to interrupt for a defined time.

Description

The present invention relates to a method and arrangement for controlling network stability in power distribution networks.

A smart grid is the interconnection of power consumers and power generators with each other in order to optimize the electricity supply and power consumption via a decentralized control system in order to ensure efficient and reliable network operation. A goal of smart grids is the provision of efficient energy transmission grids, an intelligent energy distribution, but also a simple grid integration of electromobility and intelligent buildings (eg green cities).

Smart Grids should u.a. Improve the responsiveness of markets and network management to fluctuations in the network and to fluctuations in supplier electricity prices. Another aspect of smart grids is that end users, both as consumers and as energy suppliers (for example, through a private photovoltaic system), can play an active role in the network.

In the energy distribution grids, the problem of the integration of renewable energies is increasingly turning up. The main problem of renewable energies is the high volatility, combined with poor predictability. For example, wind and photovoltaic energy can fluctuate greatly due to sudden and unforeseen weather changes. On the other hand, grid stability requires the constant balance between generation and consumption

So far, this problem has mainly been solved by balancing the performance of the remaining conventional and controllable generators with the power variations of renewable energy producers (primary and secondary power frequency control, P / f control).

Although smart grids are also trying to integrate renewable energy producers into grid stability, the consideration of energy consumers in terms of grid stability has not yet been systematically identifiable.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for ensuring stability in energy distribution networks, in which targeted energy consumers are used.

The object is achieved by a method for controlling the network stability in energy distribution networks, wherein in the absence of active electrical power in a geographical area of the energy distribution network, mobile terminals located in this geographical area are caused to interrupt their battery charging cycle for a defined time , The integration of renewable energies into energy distribution grids raises the problem of high volatility and the poor predictability of renewable energies. The present invention, in addition to generators (e.g., by adding conventional power plants or power sourced from a third party supplier), also allows consumers to "intelligently" and dynamically control consumers in terms of network stability.

A first advantageous embodiment of the invention lies in the fact that the determination of the mobile terminals located in the geographical area takes place by evaluation of the IP address assigned to the mobile terminals (for example a smartphone). This can e.g. Internet-based via the service "utrace" done to localize IP addresses or via a connection of a control unit of the energy distribution network to the utrace database. The mobile terminal can also be an electric vehicle (e-car) in principle. A location can e.g. done by GPS.

A further advantageous embodiment of the invention lies in the fact that the determination of the mobile terminals located in the geographical area takes place by evaluation of infrastructure information of a mobile radio network of the mobile terminal. For example, GSM positioning allows the cell in the mobile radio network in which a mobile terminal is currently located at the time of a measurement to be determined. The location and density of base stations of the mobile network are exploited.

A further advantageous embodiment of the invention is that the respective position data of the mobile terminals are reported to a control unit in the energy distribution network via a data connection from the operator of the mobile network of the mobile terminal. As a result, the operator of the energy distribution network is informed about which mobile terminals (for example laptop, smartphone, mobile phone) are located as consumers in a specific area of the energy network. This information can be used by the operator of the energy distribution network to compensate for or correct power fluctuations in the power grid.

A further advantageous embodiment of the invention is that the determination of the mobile terminals located in the geographical area is carried out by a satellite-based navigation system, wherein the position data of the mobile terminals is reported to a control unit in the energy distribution network. By utrace or GSM location is sometimes only roughly a rough determination of the geographical position of a mobile device possible. Mostly, however, smartphones and tablet PCs also have the option of satellite navigation via GPS or Galileo. If a transfer of the position data to network applications is activated, a much more accurate location of the mobile device is possible. Accurate location will lend you an erroneous, inappropriate interruption to the battery charging cycle on mobile devices that are not in a specific area of the power grid.

A further advantageous embodiment of the invention is that a control command is sent to the terminals located in the geographical area by a control unit of the power distribution network to interrupt the battery charging cycle of the mobile device for a defined time. By the IP address or by the phone number of the mobile device can be deducted by the control unit targeted a control command to a mobile device and thus interrupt the battery charging cycle and reactivate again. The activation of the battery charging cycle can be carried out automatically after a certain time (advantageously depending on the lack of electrical active power in the power grid) or by an activation signal by the control unit. IP address and / or telephone number of the mobile device may e.g. be communicated by the operator of the mobile network to the control unit, e.g. together with the corresponding position data.

A further advantageous embodiment of the invention lies in an arrangement for controlling the network stability in energy distribution networks, the arrangement comprising:
an energy distribution network with a control unit for network management in the energy distribution network;
mobile terminal as an energy consumer in the energy distribution network,
wherein, in the absence of real electrical power in a geographical area of the energy distribution network, the mobile terminals located in that geographical area are caused to interrupt their battery charging cycle for a defined time. Thus, in addition to producers, consumers can also be controlled "intelligently" in terms of grid stability. The control unit can control the number or sum of the mobile terminals in dependence on the shortage or oversupply of electrical active power in the power grid scaled and thus to respond to the respective requirements in the network or in an area of the network. Thus, very finely granular and spatially dedicated by the control unit can be responded to fluctuations in the network.

A further advantageous embodiment of the invention is that the position data of the mobile terminal are reported to the control unit of the energy distribution network through a communication connection to the mobile network of the mobile terminal. The communication connection between a control unit of the mobile radio network and the control unit of the energy distribution network can be realized by wire or wireless (wireless, for example by radio connection). Advantageously, the communication connection is realized by an already existing infrastructure of the mobile network. The control unit of the power distribution network may e.g. Be a participant in the mobile network.

A further advantageous embodiment of the invention is that the message of the position data of the mobile terminal is carried out at the request of the control unit. Thus, the control unit of the energy distribution network is overwhelmed and charged by data reported by the mobile network. Only when required (for example, if fluctuations in the network are detected) the control unit of the energy distribution network from the mobile operator requests position and identification data from mobile terminals in a certain spatial area. This reduces data traffic and uses processor power only when needed (conserving IT resources).

A further advantageous embodiment of the invention is that the control unit of the energy distribution network causes via the mobile network to send a control command to the terminals located in the geographical area to interrupt the battery charging cycle of the mobile device as a function of the lack of electrical real power in the geographical area , It can thus be exploited the infrastructure of the mobile network to communicate between the control unit of the power distribution network and the mobile devices. It is also conceivable that the mobile devices are equipped with an app provided by the energy network operator (downloadable by the Internet application program) for controlling the battery charging cycle. Through this app, the battery charging cycle of the mobile device can be controlled by the energy network operator by an appropriate signaling (for example via the Internet). Depending on the business model of the energy network operator, users of this application may be incentivized by the energy network operator.

An embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the drawing and will be explained below.

Showing:

1 shows an exemplary arrangement for controlling the network stability in power distribution networks.

The realization of smart grids makes high demands on the underlying Energy grid. On the one hand, up-to-date knowledge of feed-in, consumption and load is required in order to be able to take targeted control and regulatory measures. The integration of regenerative energies with their high volatility and poor predictability is a particular challenge. Furthermore, the realization of smart grids requires a close exchange of information between the components involved and thus a powerful information and communication technology and corresponding infrastructure.

In Smart Grids, u.U. many small decentralized generators of regenerative energies are bundled into joint power plants and organized in a superordinate network management.

On the consumer side, intelligent electricity meters, so-called "smart meters" are another possible component of a smart grid. "Smart Meters" enable remote meter reading of consumption and a short-term reaction to fluctuating electricity prices.

The network management of smart grids aims to enable regulations and controls down to the lowest energy level. Furthermore, electric cars should be integrated into smart grids both as consumers and as energy consumers. The batteries of electric cars can also act as energy storage in the smart grid.

Smart grids enable optimized management of power generation, energy consumption and energy storage to balance the power grid. This requires a continuous communication capability from the power plant to individual end users.

Individual approaches or individual technologies for smart grids already exist or are being tested (for example smart meters). The management of power transmission networks is already largely automated. Thus, in the event of sudden blackouts, emergency mechanisms are automatically activated.

Smart grids are therefore intelligent power grids that support energy-efficient and cost-efficient system operation through coordinated network management by means of timely and bidirectional communication between network components (infrastructure), generators, consumers and storage facilities in order to provide a fail-safe and balanced network.

In addition to institutional energy production plants (e.g., power plants, municipal utilities) and industrial consumers, a smart grid also includes in particular private consumers such as heat pumps, hot water storage, freezers, car batteries, etc., as well as private producers (e.g., private photovoltaic systems) in network management. A prerequisite for the operation of smart grids is the ability to retrieve and process information (e.g., load flow data, load data) from the individual network elements involved in real time. This makes it possible to immediately recognize fluctuations in performance and to react to them. Furthermore, it is possible to produce a homogeneous consumption in the network even when using principally inhomogeneous producers (e.g., wind power, solar panels) and consumers (e.g., electric cars). As energy storage storage power plants but also decentralized storage such as vehicle batteries can be used. The data transfer between the components of a smart grid may e.g. via ADSL connections.

1 shows an exemplary arrangement for controlling the grid stability in power distribution networks SMG. The arrangement comprises an energy distribution network SMG with power line L and power poles M1 to M5, and a control unit SE for network management in the energy distribution network SMG. The control unit SE comprises central and / or decentralized computing units and data storage units DB as well as mechanisms for the automatic detection of load fluctuations and power failures (blackouts) in the power grid SMG. Furthermore, the arrangement comprises mobile terminals MG (eg laptop, smartphone) as energy consumers in the energy distribution network SMG, wherein in a detected by the control unit SE lack of electrical active power in a geographical area of the energy distribution network SMG those mobile terminals MG, which are located in this geographical area , caused to interrupt their battery charging cycle for a defined time, ie the battery AK1 a mobile terminal MG, which is located in the corresponding geographical area is not caused to load.

Advantageously, the arrangement comprises a communication connection to the mobile radio network MFN of the mobile terminal MG. Either through this communication connection or through an Internet access (eg via wireless LAN (IEEE 802.11) and ADSL), the position data of the mobile terminal MG are reported to the control unit SE of the energy distribution network SMG. Advantageously, the message of the position data of the mobile terminal MG on request (on demand) of the control unit SE is carried out. The control unit SE of the energy distribution network SMG sends eg via the mobile network MFN or the Internet a control command to the geographically located terminals MG to the charging cycle of the accumulator AK1 of the mobile device MG depending on the lack of electrical active power in a corresponding geographic area.

The control unit SE of the energy distribution network SMG can also send a control command to the electric vehicles eCar located in the geographical area in order to interrupt the charging cycle of the accumulator AK2 of the electric car eCar as a function of the lack of active electrical power in a corresponding geographical area.

The charging cycle of a battery Ak1, AK2 may be e.g. be controlled and controlled via a microchip.

The position of an electric car eCar and / or a mobile device MG may e.g. via satellite navigation via GPS or Galileo or a similar system. Most smartphones and tablet PCs or electric cars today have satellite navigation applications.

The main problem in integrating renewable energy into a SMG power grid is the high volatility associated with poor predictability. For example, wind and photovoltaic energy can fluctuate greatly due to sudden and unforeseen weather changes. On the other hand, grid stability requires the constant balance between generation and consumption.

So far, this problem has mainly been solved by balancing the performance of the remaining conventional and controllable producers with the variations in output of renewable energy producers (and consumers) (P / T grid regulation).

In addition, smart grids are trying to "intelligently" control the producers of renewable energies and consumers in terms of grid stability. An increasing proportion of electrical consumers are wirelessly networked smartphones, tablet and notebook computers. These are usually either via LAN (IEEE 802.3) or wireless LAN (IEEE 802.11) to an ADSL router with access point or a hotspot or or connected to a mobile network via LTE, HSPA / HSDPA / HSUPA, UMTS or GPRS / EDGE.

In both cases, a coarse determination of the geographical position is possible on the network side. For example, by evaluation of the global IP address (for example by means of utrace) or by the location information of the base station.

In most cases, smartphones and tablet PCs also have the option of satellite navigation via GPS or Galileo. If a transfer of the position data to network applications is activated, even a much more accurate location is possible.

This location function is now used to control the battery charging behavior of wirelessly connected smartphones and tablet / notebook computers in terms of the stability of the electrical distribution network. Thus, in a lack of electrical real power in a distribution network located in the geographical area of the distribution network smartphones and tablet / notebook computers are prompted by control command that the battery charging cycle is interrupted for a certain time. This control command is e.g. communicated via internet protocol (IP) to smartphones and tablet / notebook computers. Instead, it is also possible to use an underlying mobile radio protocol.

• 1. der zum einzelnen Endgerät (Smartphones und Tablet-/Notebook-Computer) bestehenden Netzwerkverbindung;
• 2. der beschriebenen Ortungsmöglichkeit;
• 3. der durch den eingebauten Akku der Smartphones und Tablet-PCs vorhandenen zeitlichen Flexibilität des Bezugs der elektrischen Ladeenergie;
• 4. einer Datenverbindung zwischen lokalen Verteilnetzbetreibern und dem Internet bzw. lokalen Mobilfunkbetreibern zur Steuerung der Wirkleistungsaufnahme einer sehr großen Zahl elektrischer Verbraucher (z.B. Smartphones, Tablet-PCs, Elektroautos).

The innovative step lies in particular in the integrative and coordinated use:

• 1. the network connection existing to the individual terminal (smartphones and tablet / notebook computer);
• 2. the described location possibility;
• 3. the time flexibility of the charging of the electrical charging energy through the built-in rechargeable battery of smartphones and tablet PCs;
• 4. a data connection between local distribution system operators and the Internet or local mobile operators to control the active power consumption of a very large number of electrical consumers (eg smartphones, tablet PCs, electric cars).

The data link between distribution system operators and mobile operators may be realized via a data link of control units (e.g., control centers in the respective network) of the power distribution network and the mobile network, e.g. via an SSL-secured TCP / IP connection with appropriate infrastructure. The data connection between the energy distribution network and the mobile devices advantageously takes place via already existing connections (for example via a control command which is sent via the mobile radio network, for example via SMS, on the instructions of the energy network operator to the mobile device.

The benefits include u.a. The fact that the end user side no complicated additional hardware with individual configuration (as in smart grids) is required.

Method and arrangement for controlling the grid stability in power distribution networks, wherein in a lack of electrical real power in a geographical area of the energy distribution network mobile devices (eg smart phones, tablet PCs, electric cars), which are located in this geographical area, be prompted their battery charging cycle to interrupt for a defined time.

Claims (10)

A method for controlling network stability in power distribution networks (SMG), wherein a lack of electrical real power in a geographical area of the energy distribution network (SMG) mobile terminals (eCar, MG), which are located in this geographical area, their battery charging cycle for to interrupt a defined time. Method according to Claim 1, wherein the determination of the mobile terminals (eCar, MG) located in the geographical area takes place by evaluation of the IP address assigned to the mobile terminals (eCar, MG). Method according to claim 1, wherein the determination of the mobile terminals (eCar, MG) located in the geographical area takes place by evaluation of infrastructure information of a mobile radio network (MFN) of the mobile terminal (eCar, MG). Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein via a data connection from the operator of the mobile network (MFN) of the mobile terminal (eCar, MG) the respective position data of the mobile terminals to a control unit in the power distribution network (SMG) are reported. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the determination of the geographically located mobile terminals is performed by a satellite-based navigation system (GPS), wherein the position data of the mobile terminals (eCar, MG) is reported to a control unit in the power distribution network (SMG). Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein by a control unit of the power distribution network (SMG) a control command to the geographically located terminals (eCar, MG) is sent to interrupt the battery charging cycle of the mobile device for a defined time. Arrangement for controlling grid stability in power distribution networks (SMG), the arrangement comprising: an energy distribution network (SMG) with a network management control unit in the energy distribution network (SMG); mobile terminal as an energy consumer in the energy distribution network (SMG), wherein, in the absence of real electrical power in a geographical area of the power distribution network (SMG), the mobile terminals (eCar, MG) located in that geographical area are caused to interrupt their battery charging cycle for a defined time. Arrangement according to claim 7, wherein the position data of the mobile terminal (eCar, MG) are reported to the control unit (SE) of the energy distribution network (SMG) by a communication link to the mobile network (MFN) of the mobile terminal (eCar, MG). Arrangement according to claim 8, wherein the message of the position data of the mobile terminal (eCar, MG) is carried out at the request of the control unit (SE). Arrangement according to one of claims 7 to 9, wherein the control unit (SE) of the energy distribution network (SMG) causes via the mobile network to send a control command to the geographically located terminals (eCar, MG) to the battery charging cycle of the mobile device ( eCar, MG) depending on the lack of electrical real power in the geographical area.

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