DE102011122698B4 - Powerful shredding unit for, in particular, highly viscous and/or solid materials to be conveyed - Google Patents

Abstract

Device for use in a device for conveying, comminuting and/or mixing, in particular highly viscous, conveyed material with, in particular, a high solids content, or solid conveyed material in a carrier liquid
a. a tube as a hollow-cylindrical stator and a replaceable rotor rotatably mounted in the stator,
b. a rotor ring holder (2) rotatably mounted in the tube as a rotor for receiving rotor rings (10),
c. the tube has at least one tube section (1b) running around a tube axis (RA) with passage slots (7),
i.e. wherein the through-slots (7) of a pipe section (1b) are aligned parallel to one another and along the pipe axis (RA) and are arranged in a ring around the pipe axis (RA), the through-slots (7) of a pipe section (2) being separated from one another by webs (6) of the Pipe section (2) are separated,
e. the inner sides (26) of the webs (6) facing the interior of the pipe are drawn in to form grooves (3) running around the pipe axis (RA) with groove bases (17) and groove cheeks (19) which delimit the groove interiors (50),
f. Rotor rings (10) are slid onto the rotor ring holder (2) to accommodate rotor rings (10) and can be connected to the rotor ring holder (2) in a rotationally fixed and centered manner by means of coupling devices (25),
G. the end faces (11) and the outer sides (12) of the rotor rings (10) engage in the grooves (3) of the tube sections (2),
H. the degree of comminution of the conveyed material can be predetermined by the distance between the groove sides (19) of the grooves (3) of the stator and the outer sides (12) of the rotor rings (10) of the rotor.

Description

The invention relates to a device for use in a device for conveying, crushing and/or mixing material to be conveyed, in particular highly viscous material with a high solids content, with a tube as a hollow-cylindrical stator and a rotor ring holder rotatably mounted in the tube as a rotor, a device for conveying, Crushing and/or mixing of, in particular, highly viscous material to be conveyed with a high solids content, in a housing with a hollow-cylindrical housing shell, with a stub shaft protruding into the same, an inlet opening of the housing opposite the stub shaft, an inlet opening at right angles or tangential to an axis of rotation of the stub shaft extending discharge opening of the housing, a tube arranged in the housing shell as a hollow-cylindrical stator, the tube being held in the housing shell in a rotationally fixed manner and being connectable to the housing, and a rotor ring holder which can be locked on the stub shaft accommodated by the tube as Ro tor and the use of the same for conveying, comminuting and/or mixing, in particular highly viscous material to be conveyed with a high solids content and/or solid conveyed material in a carrier liquid.

In the prior art, for example, there is known a crushing device or a mixer in which the non-rotating stator is composed of a cylindrical drum having inwardly directed teeth which mesh on or with the teeth of the rotating rotor at a predetermined pitch. The interior of the drum is fluidly connected to its inlet opening via an end opening and to its discharge opening via slots or bores provided in the region of this discharge opening in the drum wall of the stator. Within the conventional cylindrical housing, in which the drum is spaced apart from the housing wall in a rotationally fixed manner, the housing has the inlet opening on the front side and the discharge opening on the casing side. Rings are held in a non-rotatable and centered manner on the inside of the drum wall. The rings are spaced from each other by conventional spacers. The rings protrude into the interior with their end faces facing the rotor. The rotor has elevations on its outside, the rings of the stator engaging and extending radially into the intermediate spaces formed or delimited by the elevations. The rings can have projections on the face side, which mesh with the teeth of the rotor or elevations of the rotor at a predetermined spacing. Thus, the rotor meshes between the rings with its radially protruding elevations for the purpose of comminuting the conveyed material pressed into the intermediate space formed by the outside of the rotor and the side surfaces of the rings.

However, it has been shown that for the purpose of crushing difficult materials to be conveyed, for example highly viscous substances, e.g will. Rather, it has been shown that the rings are subject to heavy wear, especially when, for example, the highly viscous substances, e.g. thick substances, are fed in for the purpose of homogenization and have a high solids content, so that the maintenance caused by the laborious disassembly of the device is time-consuming and expensive. The operation of the conventional device or machine for comminuting conveyed material, which is only interrupted by short and inexpensive maintenance intervals, is not guaranteed because the rings of the one-piece stator have to be removed and replaced as a result of severe wear.

So will in DE 41 24 408 D2 discloses a conventional device for use in a device for comminuting and mixing material to be conveyed with a solids content, with a tube as a hollow-cylindrical stator and an exchangeable rotor rotatably mounted in the stator, the tube having at least one tube section with through-slots running around a tube axis. The through-slots of a tube section are aligned parallel to one another and along the tube axis and are arranged in a ring around the tube axis. The stator of the conventional device and its parts are subject to little immediate wear and can be easily adapted to different solids contents in the conveyed material by changing the spacing of the same. However, the conventional teaching overlooks the fact that the device for use in the device is not only for conveying, crushing and mixing a thin conveyed material, e.g. a fermenter solution containing microorganism cakes, but also for conveying, comminuting and mixing a highly viscous conveyed material, e.g tar oil or a hot oil coke-containing naphtha, must be suitable in order to expand the areas of application of the device and the device having this cost-effectively.

It has also been shown that for various applications, for example crushing of coke in tar oils, homogenization of tar in ammonia water, oil coke in hot naphthalene, for the purpose of homogenization on the one hand and mixing and conveying of thinner materials to be conveyed, such as color pigments in liquids, comminution of PVC in production processes, on the other hand, different configurations of the stator, which is fitted with rings, are required in the conventional device. It is therefore desirable to provide a device that can be quickly and easily adapted for a wide variety of applications without costly replacement of the entire stator and/or rotor.

The object of the invention is to provide a device for conveying, comminuting and/or mixing material to be conveyed, which can be easily adapted to various applications in industry and which can be adapted in a short amount of time.

The device to be provided should not only be used for low-viscosity material to be conveyed, such as for homogenizing and conveying crystal suspensions, color pigments in liquids, cellulose acetate solutions, etc., comminution and distribution of microorganisms to be enzymatically degraded in fermenter solutions and in fermenter solutions enzymatically degradable substances with a high molecular weight, e.g. for the purpose of increasing the surface area, etc., but also, after quick and easy adjustment of the device, are suitable for very high-viscosity materials to be conveyed, such as coke in tar oils, oil coke in hot naphthalene, tar in ammonia water, bitumen and fillers in oily liquids or for solid materials to be conveyed in a carrier liquid, such as straw.

In addition, the device to be provided should cause low operating costs by replacing only minor components with low production costs, which can be subject to conventionally known wear and tear during continuous operation.

Likewise, the device to be provided should enable the fine or very fine comminution of conveyed goods, depending on practical requirements, by exchanging a few components.

Finally, the device to be provided should also permanently enable the comminution of solids according to a predetermined particle size.

The invention relates to a device for use in a device for conveying, comminuting and/or mixing, in particular highly viscous, material to be conveyed, for example with a particularly high solids content or solid material to be conveyed in a carrier liquid
a tube as a hollow-cylindrical stator and a replaceable rotor rotatably mounted in the stator,
a rotor ring holder rotatably mounted in the tube as a rotor for receiving rotor rings,
the tube has at least one tube section running around a tube axis with through-slots,
wherein the passage slits of a tube section are aligned parallel to one another and along the tube axis and are arranged in a ring around the tube axis,
the passage slits of a pipe section are separated from one another by webs of the pipe section,
the inner sides of the webs facing the interior of the pipe are drawn in to form grooves running around the pipe axis with groove bases and groove cheeks which delimit the groove interiors,
Rotor rings are pushed onto the rotor ring holder for receiving rotor rings and can be connected to the rotor ring holder in a rotationally fixed and centered manner by means of coupling devices,
the rotor rings engage with their end faces and their outer sides in the grooves of the tube sections,
the degree of comminution of the conveyed material can be predetermined by the distance between the groove cheeks of the grooves of the stator and the outer sides of the rotor rings of the rotor.

A further object of the invention relates to a device for conveying, comminuting and/or mixing, in particular highly viscous, material to be conveyed, e.g. with, in particular, a high solids content and/or solid material to be conveyed in a carrier liquid, with a housing with a hollow-cylindrical housing jacket, which the facility accommodates.

The further object of the invention is directed to a device for conveying, comminuting and/or mixing, in particular highly viscous, material to be conveyed with, in particular a high, solids content, and/or solid material to be conveyed located in a carrier liquid, preferably with the device according to at least one of the preceding claims, with
a housing having a hollow-cylindrical housing shell, with a stub shaft protruding into the same, an inlet opening of the housing opposite the stub shaft, a discharge opening of the housing extending at right angles or tangentially to an axis of rotation of the stub shaft,
a tube arranged in the housing shell as a hollow-cylindrical stator, the tube being held in the housing shell in a rotationally fixed manner, preferably centered, and connected to the housing, the tube preferably being able to be assembled with a plurality of partial shells,
a rotor ring holder which can be locked on the stub shaft received by the tube and is rotatable in the tube as a rotor for receiving rotor ring gene,
the pipe has several pipe sections running around the pipe axis with passage slots,
wherein the passage slits of a pipe section are arranged with their long sides parallel to one another and aligned longitudinally to the pipe axis and centered in the circumferential direction around the pipe axis,
there are webs of the pipe sections between the passage slots,
the inner side of the webs facing the interior of the pipe is drawn in to form grooves running around the pipe axis with a groove base and groove cheeks delimiting a groove interior,
a rotor ring holder that can be locked in place on the rotatably mounted shaft end of the tube and is suitable for receiving exchangeable rotor rings,
the rotor rings are designed to be slid onto the rotor ring holder and can be locked with the rotor ring holder in a rotationally fixed manner and centered about the axis of rotation of the rotor ring holder by means of coupling devices,
the rotor rings engage in the grooves of the pipe sections with their end faces and their outer sides for the purpose of meshing the rotor ring holder with its rotor rings in the grooves,
in particular the degree of comminution of the conveyed material can be predetermined by the distance between the groove cheeks and the outer sides of the rotor rings.

• Homogenisieren von hochviskosem, wie dickflüssigem, Fördergut, insbesondere von Koks in Teerölen, von Teer in Ammoniakwasser, Ölkoks in heißem Naphthalin, von dünnflüssigem Fördergut, insbesondere Farbpigmenten in Flüssigkeiten, Fermenterlösungen,
• Zerkleinern von PVC in Produktionsprozessen und Befördern derselben,
• Zerkleinern und/ oder Verteilen von in Fermenter-Lösungen befindlichen enzymatisch abzubauenden oder abbaubaren Mikroorganismen und / oder in Fermenter-Lösungen befindlichen enzymatisch abzubauenden oder abbaubaubaren Substanzen mit einem hohen Molekulargewicht, z.B. zwecks Oberflächenvergrößerung, usw.
• und / oder
• Zerkleinern von in einer Trägerflüssigkeit befindlichen festen Fördergütern, wie Stroh, und /oder
• Befördern derselben.

The invention is also directed to the use of the device for

• Homogenization of highly viscous, such as viscous, materials to be conveyed, in particular coke in tar oils, tar in ammonia water, oil coke in hot naphthalene, low-viscosity materials to be conveyed, in particular color pigments in liquids, fermenter solutions,
• shredding of PVC in production processes and transporting the same,
• Crushing and/or distribution of microorganisms to be degraded or degradable enzymatically in fermenter solutions and/or substances with a high molecular weight to be degraded or degradable enzymatically in fermenter solutions, e.g. for the purpose of increasing the surface area, etc.
• and or
• Crushing of solid conveyed goods in a carrier liquid, such as straw, and/or
• transporting the same.

The device according to the invention is suitable for use in a device for conveying, crushing and/or mixing conveyed material, e.g. thin pulpy as well as highly viscous conveyed material, which can have a high solids content.

It is also essential that the device according to the invention and the device comprising the device for conveying, comminuting and/or mixing, in particular highly viscous, conveyed material with, in particular, a high solids content and/or solid conveyed material in a carrier liquid
has a stator and a rotor which can be rotated about an axis of rotation in the stator and can be inserted into the same,
the rotor rings that can be connected to the rotor are exchangeable,
the inside of the stator is designed with grooves with groove cheeks,
in which grooves the rotor rings are moved meshing around the axis of rotation D,
the groove cheeks interacting with the rotor rings and their outer sides to form shearing edges, for example for comminuting conveyed material
be able.

The device according to the invention and the device comprising the device can include the tube as a hollow-cylindrical stator and the replaceable rotor rotatably mounted in the stator with a rotor ring holder, wherein
the tube has several passage slots,
which are arranged in the form of rings around the tube axis RA of the stator or tube,
the passage slots are separated from each other by webs,
the passage slots merge into passage openings in the direction of the pipe axis,
the inner side of the webs facing the interior of the tube or the rotor is constricted to form grooves running around the tube axis in the circumferential direction,
the through-slots with their through-openings are arranged between the grooves,
the rotor rings can be slid onto the rotor ring holder received by the tube and can be connected or locked to the rotor ring holder in a rotationally fixed manner and centered about the axis of rotation by means of coupling devices,
the outer sides and end faces of the rotor rings are designed so that they can be engaged in the grooves of the pipe sections for the purpose of meshing the rotor rings on the inner sides of the stator designed according to the invention, both in the grooves and on the groove cheeks and groove bases of the grooves of the webs of the stator,
through the passage slots, the conveyed material is pressed out of the gaps formed in particular by the groove cheeks and the outer sides of the rotor rings into the passage slots and after can be conveyed externally,
the degree of comminution of the conveyed material being predeterminable, in particular by the distance between the groove cheeks of the grooves of the stator and the outer sides of the rotor rings.

The device according to the invention comprises a tube as a hollow-cylindrical stator and a rotor which is rotatably mounted in the tube and is designed as a rotor ring holder. The tube can be assembled with a plurality of partial shells, which can be designed, for example, in the shape of a semicircle or a quarter or eighth of a circle in cross section. The pipe can have several pipe sections running around the pipe axis, which have passage slots milled out of the pipe or the pipe jacket, through which the comminuted or homogenized material to be conveyed can be pressed.

The passage slits of a tube section are preferably elongate in plan view, for example rhombic, sickle, star, slit-shaped, square, rectangular, circular. In a preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention, the passage slots are aligned parallel to one another in plan view with their long sides longer than their short sides and are preferably arranged annularly in the circumferential direction, such as centered, to the tube axis. A pipe section can, for example, comprise a row of circumferential through-slots running annularly around the pipe axis or a plurality of rows of circumferential through-slots. For example, the spacing between the adjacent rows of through-slots can be the same. The through-slots of a row of a tube section are spaced apart from one another, preferably equally, by webs. The webs can be aligned parallel to one another between the through-slots of a tube section or a row of a tube section, preferably along the tube axis or the axis of rotation of the rotor ring holder; preferably, the webs are ring-shaped and arranged in the circumferential direction around the tube axis or the axis of rotation of the rotor ring holder. In one embodiment, the tube axis of the tube or of the stator can coincide with the central longitudinal axis of the tube or of the stator. In one embodiment, the tube axis of the tube or of the stator can also coincide with the axis of rotation of the rotor.

In a further embodiment of the device according to the invention, the passage slots are ring-shaped and arranged in the direction of rotation around the axis of rotation of the rotor ring holder; the material to be conveyed can be pushed through the through-slots and conveyed to the outside, such as to the discharge opening. Preferably, the rotor ring holder is formed with its leg holders running in a straight line along the axis of rotation of the rotor ring holder or the stub shaft, preferably with its disc extending in a radial direction to the same; the outer sides and end faces of the rotor rings are advantageously designed such that they can be engaged in the grooves of the tube sections in order to provide meshing of the rotor ring holder with its rotor rings on the inner sides of the stator or on the groove bases and groove cheeks of the grooves of the webs of the stator,

The insides of the webs of a pipe section or the inside of a row of webs are constricted to form grooves. The grooves, like the through-slots of the pipe section in question, are arranged in a ring-shaped manner, as if centered, around the pipe axis. The grooves accommodate at least part of the rotor rings of the rotor with their groove cheeks and groove base delimiting the groove interior. Preferably, the grooves are angular in longitudinal section through the tube, with groove cheeks aligned perpendicularly to the bottom of the groove. The groove cheeks can extend at right angles to the tube axis RA.

In a further embodiment of the device according to the invention, the two opposing groove cheeks can be profiled. Suitable profiles are, for example, preferably rectangular elevations or external teeth when viewed from above. In a further embodiment of the device according to the invention, the groove cheeks having the profiles can be designed as full-circle groove rings or half-, quarter- or eighth-circle-shaped partial rings and can be provided in the form of exchangeable groove rings or groove ring segments, so that, for example, if only partial wear or damage occurs, this is cost-effective only a few already worn or damaged U-ring segments need to be replaced. In an additional embodiment of the device according to the invention, the groove cheeks used in the device according to the invention can also have profiles that differ from one another, which can be provided, for example, as interchangeable groove ring segments.

It is also possible that in a tube as a stator, groove cheeks with different profiles are connected in rows in such a way that, in cooperation with the rotor rings, turbulence, for example, is generated in the spaces designed by grooves and rotor rings for the purpose of mixing the conveyed material to be processed, and then the conveyed material flow by changing the profile downstream or following slot cheeks and/or rotor rings is increasingly subjected to increased comminution.

In a further embodiment of the device according to the invention, the opposite longitudinal sides of the through-slots are connected to one another in the region of their ends via bridge sections. The bridge sections can be designed in such a way that their opposite surfaces that laterally delimit the passage openings, also called bridge section surfaces, merge flush and/or flush into the groove cheeks of the two grooves adjacent to or adjacent to or facing the bridge section. The surfaces also laterally delimit the space which is arranged between the two opposing bridge sections and which can merge into the groove interiors of the adjacent grooves. The rotor ring can engage in the groove interior and in this space, so that when the rotor ring revolves or rotates about its axis of rotation, the rotor ring plows through the groove interior and the space between the bridge sections or the rotor ring moves in the groove interior and the space between the bridge sections will. The height of the groove cheeks, for example their edges as shearing edges, can correspond to the distance between the side of the bridge section facing the outside of the pipe and the bottom of the grooves facing the bridge section.

The through-opening can merge into the through-slot assigned to the through-opening, preferably radially, extending from the tube axis RA towards the outside of the tube. The passage slot can be delimited in the direction of the pipe axis RA by at least one side of the bridge section facing the outside of the pipe; for example, the two bridge sections of a through-slot are located in the area of the through-slot that faces the pipe axis. The width of the through-slot is greater than the width of the through-opening by a predetermined amount. For the purposes of the invention, the width of the through-slot is also understood to mean the distance between the opposite ends of the through-slot along the pipe axis. For the purposes of the invention, the width of the passage opening is also understood to mean the distance between the opposite surfaces delimiting the space of opposite bridge sections along the pipe axis.

In a further embodiment, the bridge sections or bridge section surfaces, like the groove cheeks, can also be profiled. The slot cheeks, like the bridge section surfaces, are spaced from the outer sides of the slot-engageable rotor rings. The groove cheeks act together with the rotor rings as shearing edges, whereby the distance between the groove cheeks and the side surfaces of the rotor rings, e.g.

In a further embodiment of the device according to the invention, annularly arranged projections, such as aligned in the circumferential direction, can be formed on the inside of the pipe between the pipe sections or between the annularly aligned through-slots. The projections centered around the tube axis engage in the interior of the tube and are preferably discontinuously continuous. In the longitudinal section, the projections are designed, for example, tooth-like or tapering to a point.

The device according to the invention has the rotor ring holder as the rotor that can rotate in the stator. The rotor ring holder is used to hold exchangeable rotor rings. The rotor ring holder can be designed like a sleeve, with the rotor ring holder having at least two leg holders onto which the rotor rings can be slid and connected to them in a torque-proof manner.

The leg holders, which can be aligned parallel to the axis of rotation of the rotor ring holder, are connected to one another via a disk, for example. The disk is pulled onto, for example, a rotatable stub shaft of a shaft and is also connected to it in a rotationally fixed manner for the purpose of permanent circulation with the stub shaft. The leg holders preferably run in a straight line along the tube axis of the tube or the axis of rotation of the stub shaft; the disc preferably extends in a radial direction to the tube axis or rotor axis or the axis of rotation of the stub shaft. The leg holders are also connected in a centered manner to the disc which can be connected centrally to the stub shaft in order to maintain a constant spacing of the rotor rings mounted on the leg holder in the slots of the tube of the stator during rotation. The axis of rotation of the rotor ring holder preferably coincides with the axis of rotation of the rotor and/or the axis of the tube.

The leg holders have shoulder sections on which the rotor rings rest with their inner sides and in whose areas the rotor rings are connected to the leg holder by means of conventional connecting devices in a rotationally fixed manner and centered on the axis of rotation of the stub shaft and/or the pipe axis.

In a special configuration, the rotor rings can be profiled on their outer sides and/or their end faces. Rectangular elevations and rectangular recesses can be formed as profiling on the outer sides and end faces in a plan view. Tooth-like or saw-toothed profiles are also suitable current surveys. In a further embodiment, the outer sides and/or end faces of the rotor rings can also be profiled differently, depending on practical requirements. In the interaction of the rotor rings of different profiles with the groove cheeks of the stator, which are connected or arranged in rows along the tube axis with different profiles, shear forces acting on the groove cheek edges can be increased or reduced, and turbulence can be generated or reduced, depending on the requirement. The outer sides of the rotor rings pushed onto the rotor ring holder and connected in a torque-proof manner can extend at right angles to the axis of rotation RA.

During operation, the rotor rings are passed with their end faces and at least part of their outer sides meshing in the slots of the stator. The outer sides of the rotor rings have a predetermined distance from the groove walls of the tube sections and back section surfaces in a predetermined area, for the purpose of predetermining the degree of comminution of the conveyed material. The groove cheeks and the outer sides or their edges act together as shearing edges in such a way that the conveyed material pushed radially outwards as a result of centrifugal forces is pressed through into the space formed between the two outer sides of the rotor rings and the groove cheeks and thrown outwards in crushed form.

It has been shown that the device according to the invention is particularly suitable for devices for conveying, comminuting and/or mixing material to be conveyed, in particular highly viscous and/or solid, with a high solids content, because even in the event of abrasion of the outer sides acting as shearing edges with the groove cheeks of the rotor rings it is only necessary to exchange the rotor rings, in contrast to the prior art, in which at least the one-piece stator must be exchanged in toto.

The operating costs are also reduced considerably when using the device according to the invention in devices, especially since only the rotor rings have to be replaced instead of the conventional entire one-piece rotor having the molded rings or the entire one-piece stator having the molded rings.

The device according to the invention is also suitable for comminuting and/or distributing microorganisms in fermenter solutions which are to be enzymatically degraded and/or substances with a high molecular weight which are in fermenter solutions and which are to be enzymatically degraded, e.g. for the purpose of increasing the surface area.

The device according to the invention is also advantageous for crushing solid materials to be conveyed, such as straw, in a carrier liquid; carrier liquid for solids, such as straw, can also be understood within the meaning of the invention as any aqueous or organic liquid or mixtures thereof.

The device according to the invention is also suitable for use in different areas of application and for every branch of industry. Depending on the requirements, the distances between the groove cheeks and side surfaces can be adapted to these requirements simply by exchanging corresponding rotor rings, without it being necessary, compared to the prior art, to replace the entire one-piece rotor with the molded rings or the entire one-piece stator with the molded rings in conventional devices required.

With the aid of the device according to the invention, using appropriate rotor rings and pushing them onto the rotor, it is possible to homogenize precisely high-viscosity substances, e.g. preferably 1,000 to 600 µm, more preferably 1,600 µm can be provided to reduce running cost and maintenance cost.

On the inner sides of the stator, which are formed by the bases and sides of the slots, the rotor rings mesh with their outer sides and their side surfaces at a predeterminable distance during operation of the device, which e.g. by replacing the rotor ring with different spacing already determines their opposite inner sides can be. In addition, the number of rotor rings on a rotor with different or matching profiles on the outside can be varied individually depending on the properties of the conveyed material to be processed.

The special configuration of the outer sides of the rotor rings due to the elevations and recesses, which are rectangular when viewed from above, also ensures that homogenized or comminuted conveyed material of a predetermined grain size is made available.

Apart from the advantage that, in contrast to the prior art, the replacement of the rotor rings is simple, quick and inexpensive, the maintenance of the device according to the invention proves to be user-friendly because only those parts of the invention corresponding equipment that may have to be replaced that are defective; since, for example, the hollow-cylindrical stator is designed as a tube—consisting of quarter or half shells—only those partial shells that are damaged have to be replaced, so that not only the repair costs can be reduced, but also the repair time can be shortened.

Another object of the invention is the device for conveying, crushing and/or mixing material to be conveyed, in particular highly viscous material to be conveyed, which may have a high solids content, and/or solid material to be conveyed, such as straw, in a carrier liquid, with a housing having a hollow-cylindrical casing and the device. The device according to the invention can thus comprise a housing jacket which has an entry opening on the front side, via which the device according to the invention is charged with conveyed material. The material to be conveyed can, for example, be conveyed into the inlet opening of the housing under the action of force via a conveyor system, such as a pump, or sucked off into the housing via a suction system connected to the discharge opening. On the rear opening of the housing, which is usually opposite the entry opening, a shaft rotatable about an axis of rotation is passed through this into the interior of the housing casing. The shaft ends bluntly in the housing shell as a stub shaft. The discharge opening of the housing can be located at a right angle or approximately at a right angle and/or tangentially to the axis of rotation of the stub shaft via the inlet opening of the housing, which can be opposite the stub shaft.

In a preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention, the stator or the tube can be constructed in the form of a partial shell, which can be connected to one another in a rotationally fixed manner, forming a tube axis. The partial shells can be designed in the form of a semicircular shell or a quarter circle or an eighth of a circle. By replacing only limited areas of the stator in the event of their e.g. wear, damage, etc., not only the replacement costs are reduced, but also the maintenance costs, operating costs are reduced, since the rapid replacement of partial shells understandably increases the operational readiness of the device according to the invention and reduces maintenance time.

The tube comprising a number of partial shells can have a number of tube sections with through-slots running around a tube axis. In the context of the invention, the tube axis is also understood to mean the central longitudinal axis of the tube. In a preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention, the passage slots are aligned parallel to one another in plan view with their longer longitudinal sides compared to their transverse sides, preferably arranged annularly in the circumferential direction, such as centered on the tube axis. A tube section can, for example, comprise a row running annularly around the tube axis with adjacent through-slots running around in a ring-shaped manner or several rows with through-slots running around in a ring-shaped manner, it being possible for the rows to be equally spaced from one another. The mutually adjacent through-slots of a row of a tube section are spaced apart from one another by webs. The webs can be aligned parallel to one another between the through-slots of a row of a tube section, preferably along the tube axis or the axis of rotation of the rotor ring holder; preferably, the lands are ring-shaped and disposed circumferentially as centered about the tube axis or the axis of rotation of the rotor ring holder. For example, a row of webs with annular circumferential webs can also be located between two rows of through-slots. The through-slots of a row of a tube section are preferably separated from one another by webs with the same distance from one another in such a way that an even distribution of the crushed conveyed material emerging from the stator can be maintained.

The device according to the invention accommodates a stator and a rotor which can rotate in the stator and which can be designed, for example, as a rotor ring holder. In one embodiment, the rotor ring holder is designed as at least one pair of leg holders comprising two leg holders and a disk connecting the two leg holders, like a sleeve. The disc or its planes are at right angles to the axis of rotation of the stub shaft which can be coupled to the disc in a rotationally fixed and centered manner. The leg holders can be at right angles to the disc. The leg holders have shoulder sections on the outside, onto which the rotor rings are pushed and can be connected to the leg holder in a rotationally fixed manner with the aid of conventional connecting devices. The rotor rings are also centered on the axis of rotation of the stub shaft or shaft.

Within the meaning of the invention, a connection can also be understood to mean the releasable coupling or locking by means of a coupling device or connecting devices known to the person skilled in the art. Within the meaning of the invention, a non-rotatable connection is also understood to mean the permanent coupling even during rotation or rotation, it being possible for the user to be able to provide the desired detachability. Screw connections, for example high, are suitable as conventional coupling devices fixed screws of strength class 10.9 or 12.9 with a minimum tensile strength of 1000N/mm ² . The screws can be dimensioned in such a way that the rotor rings can transmit the maximum engine torque of, for example, 200 Nm when the rotor is blocked. In a further embodiment, the rustproof screws with a property class of 80 can be used accordingly.

In a further embodiment of the device according to the invention, the passage slots of a tube section are aligned with their long sides parallel to one another along the axis of rotation of the rotor ring holder; the material to be conveyed can be pushed through the through-slots and then conveyed to the discharge opening. The passage slits of a pipe section are preferably separated from one another, preferably at equal distances from one another, by webs of the pipe section; the inside of the webs facing the interior of the tube is drawn in, forming grooves running around the axis of rotation of the rotor ring holder or the rotor, each with a groove base and groove cheeks, which delimit the interior of the groove; the rotor ring holder preferably extends in a straight line along the axis of the tube or the axis of rotation of the stub shaft, preferably in the radial direction to the same. The rotor rings can engage in the grooves of the pipe sections with their outer sides and/or their end faces for the purpose of meshing the rotor ring holder with its rotor rings on the inner sides of the stator or on the groove walls and the groove bases of the grooves. In particular, the degree of comminution of the conveyed material is determined by the distance between the groove walls can be predetermined from the outside of the rotor rings.

The leg holders are preferably axially aligned with the axis of rotation of the stub shaft or axis of the tube (tube axis). In a further embodiment, not only one pair of leg holders, but several pairs of leg holders can be coupled on the inside of the pane. When using two pairs of leg holders, both adjacent leg holders are preferably at right angles to one another; when using four pairs of leg holders, adjacent leg holders are preferably each offset by 45° from one another, running radially and aligned in a straight line in the direction of the axis of rotation of the stub shaft.

The rotor rings preferably have profiles on their side faces, such as outsides and/or end faces. In the plan view of these, the profiles can be formed on them, for example, as rectangular elevations and/or rectangular recesses. Likewise suitable are the formations of tooth-like or sawtooth-like elevations on the side surfaces of the rotor rings. Also, the planes, e.g. perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the stub shaft, or the outer sides and/or end faces of the rotor rings can be profiled differently from one another, depending on the requirements of the user or the intended use. In the interaction of the rotor rings of different profiles with the groove cheeks of the stator, which are connected in rows with different profiles, shearing forces acting on the groove cheek edges can be increased or decreased, turbulence can be generated or reduced depending on the properties of the conveyed material to be processed or other requirements.

The rotor rings are movably guided in grooves on the inside of the hollow-cylindrical stator, which is designed as a tube. Openings are milled out of the tube jacket or stator jacket, which are preferably oriented in the circumferential direction as elongate through-slots in the circumferential direction around the axis of the tube or stator. A row of through-slots arranged in a ring or several rows of through-slots arranged in a ring that can be assigned to one another can be assigned to a pipe section. The through-slots can be aligned parallel to one another with their longitudinal sides, which can be longer than their transverse side. The passage slits of a row of a respective pipe section or their longitudinal sides are spaced apart from one another by webs of the pipe jacket. The through-slots are preferably equally spaced from one another.

The inside of the webs are retracted to form grooves. The grooves with the groove bottom and groove cheeks, which delimit the groove interior, are also aligned in a ring-shaped manner in the circumferential direction to the axis or central longitudinal axis of the tube or the stator. In a particular embodiment of the invention, the oblong, rectangular passage slots can be rounded off at their opposite ends and/or have bridge sections. The bridge sections connect the two opposite inner sides of a passage slot to one another. In this way, the surfaces or sides of the bridge sections of a passage slot, which are arranged opposite one another, can transition flush and/or aligned into the groove cheeks of the adjacent webs. In addition, in a special embodiment of the device according to the invention, the groove bases of the grooves of the webs can be drawn in to form annular groove channels running around the pipe axis in order to increase the mixing of conveyed material that can be generated by increasing turbulence, in which, for example, the end faces of the rotor rings are able to engage in a meshing manner during operation.

The side surfaces, such as outer sides and/or end faces, of the rotor rings interact with the groove walls as shearing edges for the purpose of comminuting the conveyed material when the device according to the invention is in operation. For example, the outer sides of the rotor rings are spaced a predetermined distance from the groove cheeks, which distance can also predetermine the degree of comminution of the conveyed material. The material to be conveyed, initially accelerated axially via the inlet opening, then radially and peripherally, can be pressed through the gaps formed by the groove walls and the outer sides of the rotor rings and, as a result of the shearing forces occurring in these areas, can be comminuted with regard to their solids. Then the material to be conveyed that is pressed through the gaps is conveyed via the through-slots into a cavity which is provided by the outside of the stator and the inner wall of the housing for further conveyance of the material to be conveyed via the outlet opening to the outside.

The tube can also be assembled with several partial shells. The partial shells can be designed in the shape of a circular arc, such as a half, quarter or eighth arc of a circle. The pipe can have several partial shells that can be assembled around the pipe axis and/or assembled in a row along the pipe axis. The groove cheeks of the partial shells of the stator interacting with the outer sides of the rotor rings of the rotor can be profiled differently, so that, for example, the groove cheeks of the partial shells of the stator facing the flow of conveyed material differ from those of the partial shells of the stator facing away from the flow of conveyed material in order to increase turbulence and/or vary the grain size of the conveyed material are.

Material abrasion occurs on the side surfaces of the rotor rings when crushing or homogenizing highly viscous conveyed material with a high solids content. When using the device according to the invention for conveying and homogenizing high-viscosity material to be conveyed, it is only necessary to replace the rotor rings, insofar as their surface shows material shrinkage.

Since it is only necessary to exchange the rotor rings in question, the replacement costs are understandably much lower compared to conventional devices and comminution aggregates in which the one-piece stator or one-piece rotor have to be replaced.

It is also shown that not only the replacement costs are lower compared to the prior art, but also the maintenance costs, since the replacement only requires the partial shell-like opening of the stator and then the removal of the rotor with replacement of the rotor rings.

It also proves to be advantageous that the device according to the invention can be quickly adapted to the required or desired grain size simply by replacing the rotor ring; for example, to homogenize very high-viscosity material to be conveyed, for example coke in tar oils, tar in ammonia water, oil coke in naphthalene, heavy pasty waste materials, bitumen and fillers in oily solutions, only the rotor ring needs to be replaced for the grain size to be provided in order to reduce the distance between rotor rings and Adjust groove cheeks accordingly.

The device according to the invention is also advantageously suitable not only for highly viscous material to be conveyed, but also for low-viscosity material to be conveyed, because it is only necessary to push corresponding rotor rings with corresponding dimensions onto the rotor ring holder without, in contrast to the prior art, the entire one-piece stator or rotor is to be replaced.

In addition, it has been shown that with long-term use of the device according to the invention, the predetermined and required grain size provision is maintained due to the pipe sections with passage slots distributed over the entire stator surface, so that large friction surfaces are provided in order to crush and homogenize the conveyed material and its solids.

In addition, the large friction surfaces between the groove cheeks and the side surfaces of the rotor rings achieve a high degree of mixing effect, which is particularly advantageous for mushy or highly viscous, such as viscous, conveyed material.

In addition, the device according to the invention can provide a large number of rotor rings and the grooves with groove cheeks interacting with the rotor rings, so that the homogenization or comminution of the conveyed material takes place quickly without time-consuming replacement and maintenance of the same.

Therefore, the device according to the invention is not only suitable for viscous or highly viscous materials to be conveyed, as already mentioned above, but also for thin materials to be conveyed, for example for fermenters of solids, such as straw for pyrolysis, and other thin materials to be conveyed, such as cellulose acetate solution, Color pigments in the liquids, crystal dispersions, crushing of fruit and vegetables, for juicing, homogenization of other foods in solutions or solvents, adhesive production, cosmetic products and the like.

In addition, with the aid of the device according to the invention, the microorganisms and/or substances present in fermenter solutions, e.g. with a high molecular weight, which are to be degraded enzymatically, can be comminuted in such a way that the surface enlargement caused by the comminution produces a particularly effective enzymatic degradation or conversion can take place, which can be seen, for example, in rapid enzyme reactions at possibly lower temperatures.

The device according to the invention is also suitable for the comminution and transport of solid materials to be conveyed, such as straw, in a carrier liquid.

The device according to the invention also proves to be advantageous because if limited damage occurs on the inside of the stator, in contrast to the prior art, only this damaged area is replaced by replacing partial shells of the stator.

By replacing only those limited defective areas of the stator, not only the replacement costs are reduced, but also the operating costs, since the quick replacement of partial shells understandably increases the rapid readiness for use of the device according to the invention.

It is also an advantage, since the rotor rings no longer have to be ground on the rotor, as is required in the prior art, it is possible to use hardenable steel alloys for the rotor rings, for example tool steel 1.2379 or powder-metallurgically sintered steel of the PM 450 type Materials also allow the rotors to be used in highly abrasive media, such as coke particles in tar, bio-substrates containing sand, etc. This results in a significantly greater possibility of using the device according to the invention in a wide variety of industrial sectors. Special steels such as duplex steel, stainless steel and acid-resistant steel can also be used without any problems, since these rotor rings no longer have to be welded to the rotor, but are designed to be exchangeable.

The assembly of the rotor rings and their coupling to the rotor ring holder takes place only by pushing the rotor rings onto the leg holders of the rotor ring holder and their shoulder sections. The rotor rings can usually be fixed or coupled by high-strength screws, with the rotor rings being able to be aligned and centered axially with respect to the segments on the basis of the play provided in the screw connection in a device.

• einfache Wartung,
• kostengünstige Wartung,
• geringe Ersatzkosten,
• hohe Anpassbarkeit an erforderliche Korngrößen,
• hohes Maß an unterschiedlichsten Verwendungsmöglichkeiten, wie dünn- wie auch dickflüssige Fördergüter und deren homogenisieren, fördern und zermahlen,
• Dauerhaftigkeit der Zerkleinerung von Fördergut durch hohe Anzahl an Reibflächen,
• Höchstmaß an Zerkleinerungsgrad durch kammartige Verzahnung oder Reibung der sich gegenüberstehenden Zerkleinerungs- oder Reibflächen von Rotorringen und Nuten, hier Seitenflächen der Rotorringe des Rotors und Nutwangen der Nute des Stators,
• einheitliche Zerkleinerung aufgrund Längsverteilung der Zwischenräume über das gesamte Gehäuse, welche durch gegenüberstehende Zerkleinerungs- oder Reibflächen ausgebildet sind,
• Zerkleinerung auch mit hoher Genauigkeit durch kostengünstigen frühzeitigen Ersatz der Rotorringe,
• kostengünstige Reparaturen, sowohl von Rotorringen wie auch Stator oder Teilschalen des Stators,
• Zerkleinerung und Verteilung von in Fermenter-Lösungen befindlichen Mikroorganismen und Substanzen mit einem hohen Molekulargewicht,
• Zerkleinerung von in einer Trägerflüssigkeit befindlichen festen Fördergütern sowie deren Transport.

The advantages of the device according to the invention and the device according to the invention for conveying, crushing and mixing are:

• easy maintenance,
• low cost maintenance,
• low replacement costs,
• high adaptability to required grain sizes,
• high degree of different possible uses, such as thin and viscous materials to be conveyed and their homogenization, conveying and grinding,
• durability of the crushing of conveyed material due to the high number of friction surfaces,
• Maximum degree of comminution through comb-like teeth or friction of the comminution or friction surfaces of rotor rings and slots facing each other, here side surfaces of the rotor rings of the rotor and slot cheeks of the slots of the stator,
• uniform comminution due to longitudinal distribution of the interstices throughout the housing, which are formed by opposed comminution or friction surfaces,
• Shredding also with high accuracy through inexpensive early replacement of the rotor rings,
• Inexpensive repairs, both of rotor rings and stator or partial shells of the stator,
• Crushing and distribution of microorganisms and substances with a high molecular weight in fermenter solutions,
• Crushing of solid conveyed goods in a carrier liquid and their transport.

exemplary embodiments

• 1 die Schrägansicht auf den als Rotorringhalter mit Rotorringen versehenen Rotor,
• 2 die Schrägansicht von außen auf eine Teilschale des als Rohr ausgebildeten Stators,
• 3 die Schrägansicht auf die Innenseite der Teilschale des als Rohr ausgebildeten Stators,
• 4 die Draufsicht auf die Innenseite einer Teilschale des Stators,
• 5 einen Schnitt gemäß Linie D-D in 10,
• 6 die Vergrößerung des in 5 gekennzeichneten Bereichs F bezüglich der Innenseite des als Rohr ausgebildeten Stators,
• 7 die Vergrößerung der Innenseite des Stators, gekennzeichnet in 6,
• 8 die Draufsicht auf einen Teil der Innenseite des als Rohr ausgebildeten Stators,
• 9 Vergrößerung der Innenseite von Stator gekennzeichnet in 5 als F,
• 10 den Schnitt gemäß Linien A-A in 8,
• 11 die Vergrößerung eines Bereichs gemäß 10,
• 12 die Schrägansicht auf die Stirnseite und die beiden Außenseiten des Rotorrings,
• 13 die Draufsicht auf den Rotorring,
• 14 die Vergrößerung des Bereichs C von 13,
• 15 einen Schnitt gemäß der Linien A-A gemäß 13,
• 16 die Vergrößerung des gekennzeichneten Bereichs B in 15,
• 17 die Draufsicht auf Rotorring mit verdeckten Kanten,
• 18 die Schrägansicht auf die Innenseite des Stators,
• 19 die vergrößerte Draufsicht auf die Außenseite des Rohrs des Stators,
• 20 die vergrößerte Draufsicht auf einen Teil der Außenseite des Rohrs des Stators und
• 21 die vergrößerte Schrägansicht auf die Außenseite des Rotorringhalters mit Rotorring.

Due to a graphic simplification, the drawings show in a schematic, greatly enlarged manner, without claiming to be a true-to-scale reproduction

• 1 the oblique view of the rotor provided with rotor rings as a rotor ring holder,
• 2 the oblique view from the outside of a partial shell of the stator designed as a tube,
• 3 the oblique view of the inside of the partial shell of the tubular stator,
• 4 the top view of the inside of a partial shell of the stator,
• 5 a cut according to line DD in 10 ,
• 6 the enlargement of the in 5 marked area F with respect to the inside of the tubular stator,
• 7 the enlargement of the inside of the stator, marked in 6 ,
• 8th the plan view of a part of the inside of the stator designed as a tube,
• 9 Enlargement of the inside of the stator marked in 5 as F,
• 10 the cut according to lines AA in 8th ,
• 11 the enlargement of an area according to 10 ,
• 12 the oblique view of the front side and the two outer sides of the rotor ring,
• 13 the top view of the rotor ring,
• 14 the enlargement of the area C of 13 ,
• 15 according to a section according to the lines AA 13 ,
• 16 the enlargement of the marked area B in 15 ,
• 17 the top view of rotor ring with hidden edges,
• 18 the oblique view of the inside of the stator,
• 19 the enlarged top view of the outside of the tube of the stator,
• 20 the enlarged top view of a part of the outside of the tube of the stator and
• 21 the enlarged oblique view of the outside of the rotor ring holder with rotor ring.

The device according to the invention for conveying, comminuting and/or mixing material to be conveyed, in particular highly viscous material with a preferably high solids content, comprises a housing with a hollow-cylindrical housing jacket (not shown). The housing jacket has an entry opening on the front side, via which the material to be conveyed is sucked in axially and then accelerated radially, possibly also peripherally. Opposite the entry opening, there is an opening in the housing shell for receiving a rotatable shaft, which ends in the housing shell as a stub shaft. A discharge opening is arranged at right angles to the axis of rotation D of the stub shaft. In the housing casing there is a tube designed as a hollow-cylindrical stator which is connected to it in a rotationally fixed and centered manner. The tube is connected to the casing shell or casing by means of conventional connecting means. The tube consists of several interchangeable partial shells 1a, here four partial shells 1a, which are connected to one another in a fixed or non-rotatable manner. In the non-rotating tube, the stub shaft is drawn in, to which the rotor designed as a rotor ring holder 2 is connected in a rotationally fixed manner.

The pipe has several pipe sections 1b. Each pipe section 1b comprises a plurality of through-slots 7, which are aligned parallel to one another with their long sides 29, ring-shaped around the axis RA of the pipe, which corresponds to the central longitudinal axis of the pipe, milled out of the pipe jacket in the circumferential direction of the same.

The through-slots 7 of a respective pipe section 1b or row 51 are separated from one another by means of webs 6. The distances between the through-slots 7 of a respective pipe section 1b or row 51 are the same. The insides 26 of the webs 6 of the tube section 1b as part of the inside 63 of the tube section 1b are drawn in by forming grooves 3 . The grooves 3 with their groove cheeks 19 and groove base 17, which delimit the groove interior 50, accommodate at least part of the rotor rings 10. In one exemplary embodiment, the groove cheeks 19 have smooth walls; in a further exemplary embodiment, rectangular elevations are formed onto the groove cheeks 19 in a plan view. The groove cheeks 19 can also be designed as a friction surface, which is spaced apart from the outer sides 12 of the rotor rings 10 .

In a further exemplary embodiment, the two opposite longitudinal sides 29 of the through-slots 7 are connected by means of bridge sections 20 in the region of their rounded ends 7b, which delimit the sides 64 in a plan view and are arranged opposite one another. The sides 66 of the bridge portions 20 facing the outside 27 of the tube may be spaced from the outside 27 of the tube by an amount which may, for example, correspond to the height of the shearing edge 19a. The surfaces 21 of the bridge sections 20 of a respective through-slot 7 laterally delimiting the through-openings 4 merge flush and flush into the groove cheeks 19 of the grooves 3 adjacent to the respective through-slot 7 . Within the meaning of the invention, flush is also understood to mean that the groove cheek 19 and the surface 21 of a bridge Section 20 can form a plane. For the purposes of the invention, aligned is also understood to mean that the groove cheek 19 and the surface 21 of the bridge section 20 adjacent to it lie or can run together in a straight line. For the purposes of the invention, connection is also understood to mean, for example, coupling by means of conventional screw connections, wedging, etc., the connection being detachable by the user, but stationary or immovably coupling the first component to be connected to the second during rotation, for example. Within the meaning of the invention, a fixed connection is also understood to mean a connection that can be released by the user.

The tube section 1b comprises a plurality of annular rows 51 of circumferential passage slots 7 running around the tube axis RA. The webs 6 are aligned parallel to one another between the passage slots 7 of the tube section, longitudinally to the tube axis RA or the axis of rotation D of the rotor ring holder 2; the webs 6 run annularly and in the circumferential direction around the tube axis RA or the axis of rotation D of the rotor ring holder 2. In a further exemplary embodiment of the device according to the invention, the bridge section surfaces 21, like the groove cheeks 19, are also profiled. Like the surfaces 21 of the bridge sections 20, the groove cheeks 19 are spaced apart from the outer sides 12 of the rotor rings 10 engaging in the groove 3, so that the rotor rings 10 mesh or mesh with their outer sides 12 on the groove cheeks 19 at a predetermined distance during operation of the device according to the invention walk along The groove cheeks 19 interact with the rotor rings 10 as shearing edges 19a, the distance of the groove cheeks from the outer sides 12 of the rotor rings 10 being able to determine the degree of comminution of the conveyed material.

The rotor, which can rotate in the stator and is designed as a rotor ring holder 2, is designed like a sleeve in one exemplary embodiment; thus, the rotor ring holder 2 has two leg holders 22 which are arranged opposite each other and are provided with shoulder portions 23 on the upper side. The rotor rings 10 are pushed onto the shoulder sections 23 from one side and are detachably connected to the leg holders 22 with the aid of screw connections 25 . The leg holders 22 are connected at one end to a disc or rotary disk 24, the planes of which are perpendicular to the axis of rotation D of the stub shaft. The turntable 24 with the leg holders 22 is connected to the stub shaft (not shown) in a rotationally fixed manner and centered about the axis of rotation D using conventional connecting devices. The rotor ring holder 2 is also centered around the axis of rotation D of the stub shaft in the tube as a stator. In one exemplary embodiment, the outer sides 12 are aligned as a plane running perpendicularly to the axis of rotation D.

On the outer sides 12 of the rotor rings 10, rectangular elevations or recesses are formed in plan view. The distance between the outer sides 12 of the rotor rings 10 and the groove cheeks 19 determines the degree of comminution and thus the grain size of the conveyed material. The tube sections or the rows of through-slots 51 of the tube are ring-shaped, centered around the tube axis RA or axis of rotation D of the shaft end that can be coupled to the rotor, aligned in the direction of rotation to the axis of rotation D or tube axis, which corresponds to the central longitudinal axis of the hollow-cylindrical tube. Between the tube sections of the tube, projections 5 are formed on the inside 63 of the tube between the rows with webs or with through-slots, which engage in the interior of the tube. The projections 5 are formed tooth-like or saw-tooth-like in longitudinal section and formed annularly continuously in the circumferential direction to the axis of rotation D or axis of the tube.

The tube has four partial shells 1a. In one exemplary embodiment, the outer sides 12 of the rotor rings 10 are at a specific distance from the groove cheeks 19 of the pipe sections in a predetermined area for the purpose of predetermining the degree of comminution. The inner sides 10a of the rotor rings 10 can easily be slid onto the leg holders 22 and coupled in a torque-proof manner to the leg holders 22 , as if keyed, in order to assume a predetermined position on the leg holders 22 between the groove cheeks 19 . Screw connections 25 with long screws passed through openings 16 are suitable as a non-rotatable connection, for example. In a further exemplary embodiment, the leg holders 22 taper in the opposite direction to the disk 24 with regard to their inside, forming a truncated cone-like interior or interior space for receiving the conveyed material via the entry opening of the housing jacket. Two opposing leg holders 22 each form a pair of leg holders and are connected together on the inside of the disk 24, which faces the entry opening, with the same, non-rotatably and centered around the axis of rotation of the shaft end or around the pipe axis and are U-shaped in plan view.

The inside 26 of the webs 6 of each tube section is drawn in such that the grooves 3 are formed in such a way that between the adjacent webs 6 with the top view of the inside 26 of the pipe jacket or the webs 6 rectangular passage openings 4 are configured. The through-openings 4 merge into the through-slots 7 and are laterally separated from the surfaces 21 of the bridges sections 20 limited. The accumulation of comminuted conveyed material can also be determined both by the surface of the groove cheeks 19 designed as a friction surface and by the height of the groove cheeks 19. The height of the groove cheeks 19 can also be understood within the meaning of the invention as the distance between the groove base 17 and the bridge section 20 or from its side facing away from the inside of the tube or tube.

The opposite surfaces or sides 21 of the opposite bridge sections 20 facing the passage opening 4 merge into the groove cheeks 19 of adjacent grooves 3 or of grooves 3 adjoining the bridge sections 20 . The surfaces 21 also laterally delimit the space which is arranged between two opposing bridge sections 20 and which merges into the groove interiors 50 of the adjacent grooves 3 . The rotor ring 10 engages the groove interior 50 and space and is moved through the groove interior 50 and the space between bridge portions 20 as it rotates. The height of the groove cheeks 19 can be the distance between the side 66 of the bridge section 19 facing the outside 9 of the tube and the groove base 17 of the groove 3 facing the bridge section 20 or adjoining it or the neighboring groove 3 or also the distance between the groove 3 facing the rotor ring 10 correspond to the edge region of the groove cheeks 19 facing away from the groove base and the groove base 17 of the groove 3 facing the bridge section 20 .

In a plan view of the inside of the tube section 1b, the elongated, rectangular passage opening 4 is arranged between two webs 6. FIG. The two opposite ends of the passage opening 4 are formed by the bridge sections 20 or are delimited laterally. The through-opening merges into the through-slot 7 radially in the direction from the tube axis RA to the outside 9 of the tube or stator, with the sides 66 of the bridge sections 20 facing the outside 9 of the tube and spaced apart from the outside also forming the two ends 7b of the through-slot 7 in the direction towards the tube axis RA. The distance between the sides 66 and the outside 9 is e.g. greater by a predetermined amount than the height of the groove cheeks 19. The width x of the through-slot is greater than the width y of the through-opening 4 by a predetermined amount. The width x of the through-slot 7 corresponds to that Distance between the opposite ends 7b of the through-slot 7; the width y of the through-opening 4 corresponds to the distance between the opposite surfaces 21 of the opposite bridge sections 20 delimiting the through-opening.

In a further exemplary embodiment, elevations 61 extending annularly around the tube axis RA are formed on the sides 61 of the bridge sections 20 facing the rotor and on the inner sides 26 of the webs 6 adjoining the groove cheeks 19 . Between the outside 27 of the tube and the inside of the housing jacket there is a discharge gap or a preferably cylindrical cavity which widens in the direction of the outlet opening of the housing jacket. The material to be conveyed, which is accelerated radially, if necessary also peripherally, via the entry opening is thrown through the intermediate spaces, which are formed by the groove cheeks 19 and the outer sides 12 of the rotor rings 10, into the interior formed by the through-slots 7, and then out of the interior of the through-slots 7 moved into the cavity formed by the inner wall of the housing and the outer side 9 of the stator spaced apart from the inner wall of the housing.

The device according to the invention can transport, crush and/or mix conveyed goods of different densities and compositions. Likewise, the device according to the invention can remain in operation permanently even when homogenizing particularly highly viscous material to be conveyed, without interruptions being necessary due to the extensive replacement of parts of the same.

All that is required is the exchange of rotor rings. In contrast to the prior art, the rotor can already be removed in a simple manner after partial demolding of the stator and the rotor rings can be easily replaced in the event of their superficial abrasion.

In addition, the device according to the invention is characterized by the rapid exchange of rotor rings, for example to increase or decrease the distance between the groove cheeks and the side surfaces as friction surfaces for the purpose of providing predetermined grain sizes of the conveyed material.

The device according to the invention can also be designed over the entire length along the axis of rotation or tube axis by means of a large number of tube sections with through-slots in order to process a large volume of conveyed goods.

It is also possible for the device according to the invention to be adapted not only to the desired grain size, but also to the composition of the conveyed material to be processed, such as low-viscosity or highly viscous, eg viscous, conveyed material simply by exchanging rotor rings can be fitted only by fitting predetermined rotor rings onto the rotor ring holder.

In addition, the device according to the invention is easy to maintain, not only with regard to the replacement of rotor rings with high abrasion, but also by replacing only those parts or partial shells of the stator that are defective.

It has also been shown that the comb-like toothing of the rotor rings with the stator not only comminutes the conveyed material to a predetermined grain size by moving it in the grooves on the inside of the stator, but also through the large number of passage slots in the pipe sections and the large number of Pipe sections of the pipe enables a sufficient mixing effect of the components of the conveyed material and thus a sufficient homogenization of both thin and highly viscous, e.g. pulpy or very viscous, materials.

Due to the forces acting in the opposite direction on the conveyed material as a result of the meshing of the rotor rings on the groove cheeks, such as shearing forces, abrasion of the rotor rings is not avoided, but the operation only needs to be interrupted briefly to replace the worn rotor rings, instead of the one-piece stator molded with rings to discard as a whole.

The conveyed material, which is accelerated through the entry opening into the interior of the stator by means of centrifugal forces, is accelerated into the spaces formed by the groove cheeks and side surfaces of the rotor rings, mechanically crushed as a result of friction and shearing, and enters the groove cheeks, which are designed as shearing edges, in the area of the through-slots. From these areas, the comminuted material to be conveyed will enter the cavity formed by the outside of the tube and the inside of the casing shell for the purpose of passing it on towards the outlet opening, which cavity widens towards the outlet opening.

In addition, with the help of the device according to the invention, the microorganisms and high-molecular substances in the fermenter solutions, which are to be degraded enzymatically, can be broken down and comminuted in such a way that the surface enlargement caused by the comminution can result in a particularly effective enzymatic degradation or conversion, which takes place in rapid enzymatically induced conversion.

Reference List

1a

Partial shell of the tube as a stator

1b

pipe section

2

rotor ring holder

3

groove

4

passage opening

5

protrusions

5a

recess between projections

6

web

7

passage slot

7b

opposite ends of the through-slots

9

outside of the stator

10

rotor ring

10a

inside of the rotor ring

11

face of the rotor ring

12

outside of the rotor ring

13

Elevation of the rotor ring

15

recess

16

Breakthrough for long screws

17

groove bottom

19

groove cheek

19a

shearing edge

20

bridge section

21

area of the bridge section

22

thigh holder

23

shoulder section

24

disc

25

screw connection

26

Inside of the bridge

27

outside of the tube

29

Long side of the passage slot

50

groove interior

51

row of slits

60

side of bridge section

61

ring-shaped elevation on the inside of the tube

63

Inside of the tube as a stator

64

Ends delimiting side of passage slot

66

side of the bridge section facing the outside of the pipe

D

Axis of rotation of the rotor ring holder

RA

pipe axis

Y

Width of the passage opening

X

Width of the passage slit

Claims (18)

Device for use in a device for conveying, comminuting and/or mixing, in particular highly viscous material to be conveyed with, in particular, a high solids content, or solid material to be conveyed in a carrier liquid a. a tube as a hollow-cylindrical stator and a replaceable rotor rotatably mounted in the stator, b. a rotor ring holder (2) rotatably mounted in the tube as a rotor for receiving rotor rings (10), c. the tube has at least one tube section (1b) running around a tube axis (RA) with passage slots (7), i.e. wherein the passage slits (7) of a pipe section (1b) are aligned parallel to one another and along the pipe axis (RA) and are arranged in a ring around the pipe axis (RA), the passage slits (7) of a pipe section (2) being separated from one another by webs (6) of the Pipe section (2) are separated, e. the inner sides (26) of the webs (6) facing the interior of the pipe are drawn in to form grooves (3) running around the pipe axis (RA) with groove bases (17) and groove cheeks (19) which delimit the groove interiors (50), f. Rotor rings (10) are slid onto the rotor ring holder (2) to accommodate rotor rings (10) and can be connected to the rotor ring holder (2) in a rotationally fixed and centered manner by means of coupling devices (25), G. the end faces (11) and the outer sides (12) of the rotor rings (10) engage in the grooves (3) of the tube sections (2), H. the degree of comminution of the conveyed material can be predetermined by the distance between the groove cheeks (19) of the grooves (3) of the stator and the outer sides (12) of the rotor rings (10) of the rotor. setup after claim 1 , characterized in that the tube can be assembled with several partial shells (1a) and/or the rotor ring holder (2) extends in a straight line along the axis of rotation (D) of the rotor ring holder (2) and in the radial direction to the same. setup after claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the rotor rings (10) in the grooves (3) can be passed by meshing. setup after claim 2 or 3 , characterized in that the groove cheeks (19) of the grooves (3) of at least one partial shell (1a) of the stator and/or the outer sides (12) and/or the end faces (11) of the rotor rings (10) of the rotor are profiled. Device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the groove cheeks (19) of the grooves (3) of the stator and/or the outer sides (12) and/or the end faces (11) of the rotor rings (10) of the rotor are profiled differently from one another are. Device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the through-slots (7) delimited laterally by the longitudinal sides (29) merge into the through-openings (4) running radially in the direction from the outside (27) of the tube towards the tube axis (RA). , the opposite longitudinal sides (29) of the through-slots (7) are connected to one another in the region of their ends (7b) via bridge sections (20), the opposite surfaces (21) of opposite bridge sections (20) facing the through-openings (4) merge into the groove cheeks (19) of the grooves (3) adjoining the bridge sections (20), the surfaces (21) the space which is arranged between two opposing bridge sections (20) and into the groove interiors (50) of the adjacent grooves (3) border, the through-slots (7) towards the pipe axis (RA) from the ones facing the outside (27) of the pipe, from the outside (27) of the pipe be spaced sides (66) of the bridge sections (20) are limited at their ends (7b) or in the region thereof, and the width (x) of the through-slots (7) is greater than the width (y) of the through-openings (4). Device for conveying, comminuting and/or mixing, in particular highly viscous, material to be conveyed with, in particular a high, solids content and/or solid material to be conveyed located in a carrier liquid, preferably with the device according to at least one of the preceding claims, with a. a housing having a hollow-cylindrical housing shell, with a stub shaft protruding into the same, an inlet opening of the housing opposite the stub shaft, a discharge opening of the housing extending at right angles or tangentially to an axis of rotation (D) of the stub shaft, b. a tube arranged in the housing shell as a hollow-cylindrical stator, the tube being held in the housing shell in a rotationally fixed manner, preferably centered, and connected to the housing, the tube preferably being able to be assembled with a plurality of partial shells (1a), c. a rotor ring holder (2) which can be locked on the stub shaft received by the tube and is rotatable in the tube as a rotor for receiving rotor rings (10), d. the tube has a plurality of tube sections (1b) running around the tube axis (RA) with through-slots (7), the through-slots (7) of a tube section (1a) having their longitudinal sides (29) parallel to one another and these aligned longitudinally to the tube axis (RA). are arranged centered in the direction of rotation around the pipe axis (RA), e. webs (6) of the pipe sections (1b) are located between the passage slots (7), the inner side (26) of the webs (6) facing the interior of the pipe, forming grooves (3) running around the pipe axis (RA) and having a groove interior delimiting groove base (17) and groove cheeks (19), f. a rotor ring holder (2) that can be locked in place on the shaft end held by the tube and is rotatably mounted in this is suitable for receiving exchangeable rotor rings (10), g. the rotor rings (10) can be slid onto the rotor ring holder (2) and can be locked with the same by means of coupling devices (25) in a rotationally fixed manner and centered about the axis of rotation (D) of the rotor ring holder (2), h. the rotor rings (10) engage in the grooves (3) of the tube sections (1a) with their end faces (11) and their outer sides (12) for the purpose of meshing the rotor ring holder with its rotor rings in the grooves (3), i. in particular the degree of comminution of the conveyed material can be predetermined by the distance between the groove cheeks (19) and the outer sides (12) of the rotor rings (10). device after claim 7 , characterized in that the rotor ring holder (2) extends in a straight line along the tube axis (RA) and in the radial direction to the same. device after claim 7 or 8th , characterized in that the rotor ring holder (2) meshes with the outer sides (12) of its rotor rings (10) with corresponding profiling on the groove cheeks (19) of the tube as a stator. device after claim 9 , characterized in that the outer sides (12) of the rotor rings (10) are profiled, preferably differently from one another, and/or the outer sides (12) of the rotor rings (10), preferably rectangular in plan view, have elevations (13) or external teeth, which interact with the groove cheeks (19) as shearing edges and whose distance from one another determines the degree of comminution of the conveyed material. device after claim 10 , characterized in that the elevations (13) are designed as rotor ring segments that can be replaced by the rotor ring (10). Device according to at least one of Claims 7 until 11 , characterized in that the rotor rings (10) are screwed to the leg holders (22) of the rotor ring holder (2) with connection devices (25) in a positionally secure manner. Device according to at least one of Claims 7 until 12 , characterized in that the inner side (26) of the webs (6) are formed with the formation of oblong-rectangular through-openings (4) arranged between the webs and connected to the through-slots (7) when viewed from above onto the inside of the tube sections. device after claim 12 or 13 , characterized in that the rotor ring holder (2) is designed like a sleeve, wherein it comprises a disc (24) that can be coupled to the stub shaft and leg holders (22) that extend along the tube axis (RA) or axis of rotation (D) of the stub shaft, preferably in a straight line , which are formed on the inside of the disk (24), the leg holders (22) are designed on the outside with shoulder sections (23) for supporting the rotor rings (10). Device according to at least one of Claims 7 until 14 , characterized in that between the outside (27) of the tube and the inside of the housing jacket there is a discharge gap or a preferably cylindrical cavity which widens in the direction of the outlet opening of the housing jacket and the discharged conveyed material flows through the spaces between the Grooves (3) and the rotor rings (10) which can be engaged in the grooves are pressed into the through-slots (7) and is moved via the cavity connected to the through-slots (7) to the outlet opening. Device according to at least one of Claims 7 until 15 , characterized in that the partial shells (1a) of the tube can be placed on the rotor ring holder (2) together with the rotor rings (10) at a predetermined distance from the rotor rings and can be coupled to one another by means of connecting devices. Device according to at least one of Claims 7 until 16 , characterized in that the longitudinal sides (29) laterally delimited through-slots (7) extending radially in the direction from the outside (27) of the tube to the tube axis (RA) into the through-openings (4). the opposite longitudinal sides (29) of the through-slots (7) are connected to one another in the region of their ends (7b) via bridge sections (20), the opposite surfaces (21) of opposite bridge sections (20 ) merge into the groove walls (19) of the grooves (3) adjoining the bridge sections (20), the surfaces (21) the space that is arranged between two opposite bridge sections (20) and in the groove interiors (50) of the adjacent grooves (3), delimit the passage slots (7) in the direction of the pipe axis (RA) from the sides (66) of the bridge sections (20) facing the outside (27) of the pipe and spaced apart from the outside (27) of the pipe are delimited at their ends (7b) or in the region thereof, and the width (x) of the through-slots (7) is greater than the width (y) of the through-openings (4). Use of the device according to at least one of Claims 7 until 17 for homogenizing viscous material to be conveyed, in particular coke in tar oils, tar in ammonia water, oil coke in hot naphthalene, low-viscosity material to be conveyed, in particular color pigments in liquids, fermenter solutions, comminution of PVC in production processes, comminution of, in particular highly viscous, material to be conveyed with a high solids content, Crushing and/or distribution of microorganisms to be degraded or degradable enzymatically in fermenter solutions and/or substances with a high molecular weight to be degraded or degradable enzymatically in fermenter solutions, e.g and/or transporting the same.

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