DE102011109411A1 - Splash guard - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a splash guard for receiving welding or molten spatter, which occur during the construction of a component by means of a generative manufacturing process in the selective solidification of a powder layer by energy radiation, the splash guard having a receptacle with a carrier, which with at least one layer of adhesive or adhesive material is provided for receiving welding or melting spatter.

Description

The present invention relates to a splash guard for receiving welding or molten spatter, which can spray out of a melt in the selective solidification of a powder layer, when building a component by means of a generative manufacturing process.

In generative manufacturing processes, a workpiece is built up layer by layer. An example of additive manufacturing (AM) is the so-called Selective Laser Melting (SLM), which belongs to the group of beam melting processes. In this method, the material to be processed in powder form is applied in layers on a base plate. The powdery material of the respective layer is locally completely remelted by means of laser radiation and forms a solid material layer after solidification. To apply the next powder layer, the base plate is lowered by one layer thickness and the new powder layer is applied. This cycle is repeated until all layers have been remelted. Subsequently, the finished component is cleaned of the excess powder and can either be processed as needed or used immediately.

In the case of selective solidification of the powder layer, melting or remelting of the powder layer by means of the laser can result in welding or melting spatter. These sweat or melt splashes can only be partially sucked off, so that part of them can get back into the powder bed. This degrades the quality of the powder and, as a result, the quality of fusion and of the solidified material in this area.

Against this background, the invention is based on the object of preventing the falling back of welding and melting spatters into the powder bed during the generative structure of a component, in particular during the generative production, repair and / or replacement of a component.

According to the invention, there is provided a splash guard for receiving welding or molten spatter occurring during assembly of a component by a generative manufacturing method of selectively solidifying a powder layer by energy radiation, the splash guard comprising a receptacle having a support provided with at least one Layer of adhesive or adhesive material is provided for receiving welding or melting spatter.

The splash guard has the advantage that weld or molten spatter can be trapped and caught on the adhesive or adhesive material so that the weld or molten spatter can no longer unintentionally fall back into a melt of a molten area of the powder bed. As a result, the quality of the finished component can be improved.

The knowledge / idea on which the present invention is based is to record the welding and melting spatters which occur in the selective solidification of a powder layer within the framework of the generative structure of a component by means of an adhesive or adhesive material to which these weld or melt spatters adhere or stick can stay.

Advantageous embodiments and modifications of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims and the description with reference to the drawings.

In one embodiment of the invention, the carrier is a plate, the plate being made of a material or combination of materials that is transparent or impermeable to the energy radiation, the impermeable plate having, in particular, an opening for passing the energy radiation. Thus, the plate-shaped carrier, even if it is impermeable to the energy radiation itself, can be carried along with it, for example, and while the energy radiation can pass through the opening in the carrier or receptacle, the carrier with its coating simultaneously absorbs perspiration and molten spatter.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the plate is a glass plate or a plastic plate, which is preferably transparent to the energy radiation. The energy radiation transmitting plate, if the coating of the plate with the adhesive material is also permeable to the energy radiation, may be provided fixedly or stationarily over the powder layer to be solidified, for example.

In another embodiment of the invention, the carrier is a band-shaped carrier, in particular a film, for example a plastic or plastic film.

In a further embodiment according to the invention, the band-shaped carrier has a first and a second end, wherein the first end can be unwound on a roll and the second end can be wound up on a roll, wherein in particular additionally a peelable protective layer on the outside of the coating of the band-shaped carrier with the adhesive or adhesive material is providable. This has the advantage that the band-shaped carrier can be unwound from the roll at the beginning of the powder bed and guided over the powder bed and wound up again at the end of the powder bed onto the other roll.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the band-shaped carrier can be arranged circumferentially on two rollers. By rotating the rollers, the belt-shaped carrier can be moved as a moving belt along the powder bed and thereby absorb welding or melting spatter with its coating of the adhesive or adhesive material.

In another embodiment according to the invention, the carrier can be coupled to a material coating device and coated by the material coating device with at least one layer of adhesive or adhesive material, wherein the material coating device in particular comprises a roller, with which the material aufalz the carrier, wherein the roller with a Reservoir for the material to be coated can be coupled. As a result, the carrier can be coated, for example, at the beginning of the powder bed with the adhesive or adhesive material and then guided along the powder bed. At the end of the powder bed, the spent material of the carrier, which is now contaminated by weld and melt spatter, can be removed again by a material removal device. For this purpose, in another embodiment of the invention, the carrier can be coupled to a material removal device which removes the at least one layer of the adhesive or adhesive material of the carrier, in particular if the layer is contaminated by the absorption of weld or molten spatter, the material removal device being in particular a wiper and for example, at the end of the powder bed is coupled to the carrier and its coating.

In a further embodiment according to the invention, the recording by the energy radiation is locally meltable, burnable and / or vaporizable for passing the energy radiation through the recording. This is particularly useful when recording, d. H. the support and / or the coating consist of a material or a combination of materials which is not permeable to the energy radiation. In this case, the energy radiation may locally remove or destroy the receptacle to selectively solidify an underlying powder layer while absorbing weld and fusion spatter with the intact portion of the receptacle.

The above embodiments and developments can, if appropriate, combine with each other as desired. Further possible refinements, developments and implementations of the invention also include combinations, not explicitly mentioned, of features of the invention described above or below with regard to the exemplary embodiments. In particular, the person skilled in the art will also add individual aspects as improvements or additions to the respective basic form of the present invention.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the exemplary embodiments indicated in the schematic figures of the drawings. Show it:

1 a sectional view of an apparatus for generative construction of a component with a splash guard according to a first embodiment of the invention;

2 a sectional view of the device for generative construction of a component according to 1 with a splash guard according to a second embodiment of the invention;

3 a sectional view of the device for generative construction of a component according to 1 with a splash guard according to a third embodiment of the invention; and

4 a detail of the splash guard according to 3 ,

In the figures of the drawing are the same, functionally identical and same-acting elements, features and components - unless otherwise stated, each provided with the same reference numerals.

The accompanying drawings are intended to provide further understanding of the embodiments of the invention. They illustrate embodiments and, together with the description, serve to explain principles and concepts of the invention. Other embodiments and many of the stated advantages will become apparent with reference to the drawings. The elements of the drawings are not necessarily shown to scale to each other.

In 1 is a schematic and highly simplified sectional view of a device 1 shown for generative construction of a component, wherein a splash guard 2 is provided according to a first embodiment of the invention.

The device 1 for the generative construction of a component for manufacturing, repairing and / or Replacing the component 3 in the 1 to 4 is purely exemplary and the splash guard according to the invention 2 is not on the use with this device 1 limited, but can be used in any other device, which is a component 3 built by a generative manufacturing process, ie in particular manufactures, repairs and / or exchanges. Generative manufacturing processes include, for example, the so-called rapid manufacturing and so-called rapid prototyping, etc. In the corresponding generative processes, as Laser sintering, Selective Laser Sintering (SLS), electron beam sintering, Electron Beam Melting (EBM), LaserCusing, Selective Laser Melting (SLM) or 3D printing known to be added or applied material in powder form, for example, a powder of at least one metal and / or a metal alloy. However, the invention is not limited to the aforementioned generative manufacturing methods.

That in the 1 to 4 shown embodiment of a device 1 for generative construction of a component is only for explanation and to better understanding of the splash guard according to the invention 2 ,

This in 1 shown embodiment of a device 1 for constructing a component by means of a generative manufacturing process has a base plate 4 on which, as in 1 is indicated by an arrow, is formed movable in the Z direction up and down. The base plate 4 is by a frame 5 limited, leaving a powder 6 can be included in it. On the base plate 4 is by means of a coating device 7 , For example, a scraper device 8th as in the embodiment in 1 shown, a squeegee and / or one or more powder feed nozzles, powder 6 applied in layers. The powder 6 is here from a material or a material combination by energy radiation 9 , such as a laser beam and / or an electron beam, can be solidified. The powder 6 is for example at least one metal powder, a ceramic powder and / or a plastic powder. The supply of the coating device 7 with the powder 6 , z. B. by at least one reservoir, was in 1 and the following ones 2 - 4 not shown for reasons of clarity.

By means of energy radiation 9 an energy source of radiation 10 now becomes a component area 11 a powder layer 12 solidified. Subsequently, the base plate 4 moved down by a powder layer thickness and applied the next layer of powder. The component area of this powder layer is also affected by the energy radiation 9 the energy source 10 melted and thereby solidified. As an energy source of radiation 10 can, as in the embodiment in 1 is illustrated, for example, a laser device can be used. However, the invention is directed to laser beams as energy radiation 9 not limited. In principle, any other source of energy radiation may be used in addition to a laser or electron beam source capable of solidifying an associated powder.

During melting of the component area 11 the respective powder layer 12 can, as previously described, weld or molten splash. These sweat or melted splashes can in the powder bed 13 back pass. To prevent or at least reduce this, the splash guard according to the invention 2 provided.

This splash guard according to the invention 2 has a recording 14 for picking up welding or melting spatters. The recording 14 here has a carrier 15 with one or more layers of adhesive or adhesive material 16 on the material 16 is chosen such that a weld or molten spatter can adhere or stick to it and thus no longer back into the powder bed 13 can fall. As a material 16 For example, a pressure-sensitive adhesive and / or a one-component adhesive can be used.

Pressure-sensitive adhesives are non-hardening adhesives which, after the completion of the adhesive mass (synthesis, partial crosslinking, etc.), do not change their chemical state (composition, molecular weight and distribution) until the time of bonding, during the bonding process and in the application itself , Within the application temperature they have a permanent surface tack (tack). This stickiness allows the bonds by light contact pressure, without supplying energy and z. T. repeated bonding. Forces can be transmitted spontaneously. Typical of pressure-sensitive adhesives is a dynamic adhesion structure which, depending on the pressure-sensitive adhesive type, temperature and contact pressure and duration, can be from a few minutes to several days and can lead to a different final strength. The properties of a pressure-sensitive adhesive bond are determined decisively by the visco-elastic and -plastic deformation behavior under load, eg. As the creep at long-term load. Pressure-sensitive adhesive systems usually consist of a functional carrier which is provided on one or both sides with a pressure-sensitive adhesive mass. A functional carrier is used, inter alia, the mechanical stability and strength of the adhesive mass. Typical materials are paper, polymer foams, foils, metal foils, metal and plastic semi-finished products. In principle, however, you can a variety of technical and natural materials can be built directly or via transfer films to the pressure-sensitive adhesive system.

Single-component adhesives are adhesives that cure either by means of atmospheric moisture (aerobic) or in the absence of air - assisted by contact with metal surfaces (anaerobic). "Active" metals act as a catalyst and therefore support the curing process.

As in the enlarged section of the picture 14 in 1 is shown, the carrier points 15 For example, at least one layer of the adhesive or adhesive material 16 on. Welding or melting spatter can occur during the selective solidification of a component area 11 a respective powder layer 12 From the resulting melt spray out and remain on the adhesive or adhesive material 16 with which the carrier 15 is coated, and therefore can not accidentally back into the powder bed 13 fall.

In the first embodiment of the splash guard according to the invention 2 is the carrier 14 for example, plate-shaped, for example a glass plate or plastic plate, etc., and with at least one layer of the adhesive or adhesive material 16 coated, as in the embodiment and the enlarged section of the embodiment in 1 is shown. The plate (glass / plastic), for example, is as large as the space or the plate covers only one or more defined areas. The thickness, for example, a plastic plate can depend on the existing dimensions such. As the space, and the inclusion of adhesive material 16 and the associated deflection of the plate can be selected.

The recording 14 extends z. B. at least over part of the powder bed 13 , For example, at least over part of the component area 11 the respective powder layer 12 or over at least the entire component area 11 , as in 1 is illustrated.

The recording 14 can hereby z. B. be designed to be movable. This can be the recording 14 be designed to be movable so that the recording 14 for picking up weld or melt spatter during melting of the component area 11 the topmost powder layer 12 through the laser beam 9 sufficiently close to the surface of the uppermost powder layer to be solidified 12 can be positioned to absorb sweat or fusion without returning it to the powder bed 13 fall. For coating the powder layer 12 with the next layer of powder, the recording 14 from the last solidified powder layer 12 For example, be removed again and positioned after the coating again sufficiently close to the next selectively to be solidified powder layer to resume welding or fusion splatter can. The recording 14 can be raised, for example, for coating, so that below a scraper or the like a selectively to be solidified powder layer 12 can muster. After removal of the scraper, the recording 14 be suitably lowered again for picking up welding and melting spatters. Likewise, the recording 14 Also, for example, be taken out or taken away for a short time to a selectively to be solidified powder layer 12 applied. The recording 14 can be designed to be movable in the X, Y and Z directions. Basically, the recording 14 be formed fixed or stationary and vice versa, the base plate 4 and the frame 5 which the powder 6 record, relative to the recording 14 be designed to be movable and designed to be movable, for example in the X, Y and Z directions. In this case, the splash guard, as described above, be raised so that the scraper and / or squeegee can be moved underneath. Or the splash guard can be completely removed from the processing area, eg. B. by panning and / or driving out. The invention is not limited to a squeegee and a scraper for applying the respective powder layer, but it may be any other coating device is provided which is suitable to apply powder layer by layer.

The recording 14 can during the remelting of the component area 11 the powder layer 12 be provided fixed or movable. For example, the carrier can 15 and its coating with the material 16 for picking up the welding or melting spatters for the energy beam 9 the energy source 10 be permeable, for example, a transparent or transparent glass plate with a transparent or transparent material coating for receiving welding or molten spatter. In this case, the recording 14 during the melting of the component area 11 the respective powder layer 12 for example, stand still.

In the case that the carrier 15 and / or its material coating 16 to absorb the sweat or melt splash impermeable to the energy radiation 9 the energy source 10 are, the recording can 14 during the melting of the component area 11 the respective powder layer 12 over the powder bed 13 at the focus 17 the energy beam 9 be led, which forms the melting point. This is the energy beam 9 not by the recording 14 concealed and on the other hand, the recording 14 as close to the Focused the energy beam and with this on the selectively to be solidified powder layer 12 be moved, so the recording 14 Can absorb welding and melting spatter. This can be the recording 14 For example, be formed with an opening (not shown) for passing the energy beam 9 , here z. B. laser beam. The plate is then moved such that the laser beam preferably always or at least mostly hits through the opening.

In 2 is a sectional view of the device 1 for the generative construction of a component according to 1 shown, wherein a splash guard 2 is provided according to a second embodiment of the invention. The comments on the device 1 for the generative structure of a component are therefore not repeated.

The splash guard 2 according to the second embodiment of the invention has a receptacle 14 on, the carrier 15 the recording 14 is formed as a band on one side with one or more layers of the adhesive or adhesive material 16 is provided for picking up welding or melting spatters. Optionally, the adhesive or adhesive material 16 on its outside also be provided with an additional peelable protective layer (not shown).

The band-shaped carrier 15 can in this case, as in the execution example in 2 is shown along the powder layer to be solidified 12 to be moved. Here, the band-shaped carrier 15 with its material coating 16 with one end wound up on a first carrier roll 18 on one side of the powder bed 13 be provided and handled. With its other end, the band-shaped carrier 15 with its material coating 16 on the other side of the powder bed 13 again to a second carrier roll 19 are wound after the band-shaped carrier 15 with its material coating 16 previously along the powder layer to be selectively solidified 12 was guided, in a preferably constant distance a to the powder layer 12 which is suitable that the adhesive or adhesive material 16 Welding or melting spatter can occur when melting the component area 11 the powder layer 12 can arise. This way the recording can be done 15 continuously along the powder layer to be solidified 12 be moved by a corresponding rotation of the support rollers 18 . 19 for example, counterclockwise in 2 , As before with respect to the first embodiment of the splash guard 1 described, the carrier can 15 and its coating with the adhesive or adhesive material 16 for the energy beam 9 the energy source 10 , For example, a laser beam, be transparent.

Likewise, but also the carrier 15 and / or its coating with the adhesive or adhesive material 16 for the energy beam 9 the energy source 10 , For example, a laser beam, be impermeable. In this case, the recording 14 designed such that the energy beam 9 , z. B. a laser beam, the recording 14 locally or locally melted, locally burned and / or locally evaporated, so that the energy beam 9 in this way the recording 14 penetrate locally and the underlying powder layer 12 can melt selectively. Examples of strip materials or films are calendered monomeric PVC films, acrylic glass, acrylic films, polycarbonate, float glass, PVC films, PE films, etc. The invention is, however, not limited to the examples mentioned. The rest of the picture 14 not by the energy beam 9 was severed, can continue, as desired, absorb welding or melting spatter. This is the recording 14 for example, along the powder layer to be selectively solidified 12 moves as in the embodiment in 2 is shown. This can be the unused recording 14 for example, at one end of the powder bed 13 from the first roll 18 be unwound and at the other end of the powder bed 13 , the used recording 14 , with its contaminated by the recorded welding or melting spatter material coating 16 , on the second carrier roll 19 be wound up again. In between is the recording 14 with their material coating 16 along the powder layer to be selectively solidified 12 Moves to pick up weld or melt spatter while melting the part area 11 the powder layer 12 for building a component 3 ,

As a band-shaped carrier 15 For example, a film may be provided for. B. plastic. Furthermore, as described above, the outside of the coating of the band-shaped carrier 15 with the adhesive or adhesive material 16 be provided with an additional removable protective layer, which when unrolling the unused recording 14 can be removed before the band-shaped carrier 15 with its coating of the adhesive or adhesive material 16 along the powder layer to be selectively solidified 12 is moved.

As previously with reference to the embodiment in FIG 1 has been described, the recording can 14 be provided in the X, Y and / or Z direction movable to the recording 14 along the powder bed 13 at a sufficient distance a to the powder layer to be solidified 12 to move, so this sweat and melt spatter and on the other hand to move so that an intermediate coating of the powder bed 13 with the next selectively to be solidified powder layer is possible. The coating device in 2 was not shown for reasons of clarity.

It can at least one of the roles 18 . 19 on which the recording 14 wound or unwound, be provided to be movable in the X, Y and / or Z direction, z. B. by an electric motor (not shown). In addition, also the base plate 4 and the frame 5 for picking up the powder 6 instead of fixed or stationary relative to the recording 14 be designed to be movable in the X, Y and / or Z direction, by one or more motors, for. B. electric motors (not shown).

In 3 is further a sectional view of the device 1 for the generative construction of a component according to 1 shown which with a splash guard 2 is coupled according to a third embodiment of the invention. The comments on the device 1 for the generative structure of a component are therefore not repeated.

In the third embodiment of the splash guard according to the invention 2 shows the recording 14 a circumferential band-shaped carrier 15 up on two wheels 18 . 19 is arranged and along a selectively to be solidified powder layer 12 is moved. The roles 18 . 19 are here, for example, each at the end of the powder bed 13 arranged. In this case, the band-shaped carrier 15 at one end of the powder bed 13 by means of a material coating device 21 with a layer of adhesive or adhesive material 16 Mistake. By the rotation of the rollers 18 . 19 becomes the one with the adhesive or adhesive material 16 coated band-shaped carrier 15 along the powder layer to be selectively solidified 12 moved, with sweat and melt spatter 22 through the adhesive or adhesive material 16 can be included. At the other end of the powder bed 13 is a material removal device 23 provided, z. B. a scraper, which in the meantime with welding or melting spatters 22 afflicted material 16 , with which the band-shaped carrier 15 coated, removed or substantially removed. The revolving band-shaped carrier 15 can subsequently through the material coating device 21 again with the adhesive or adhesive material 16 coated to be moved along the next layer of powder to be selectively solidified, so that it again welds and smelting 22 can record.

Ms material coating device 21 can, as in the embodiment in 3 is shown, for example, a roller 24 be provided, which has a reservoir 25 the material to be glued or adhered 16 is supplied. The roller 24 in turn transfers the material 16 from the reservoir 25 on the band-shaped carrier 15 , This can be done by the roller 24 for example, with the role 18 and the band-shaped carrier disposed thereon 15 at the beginning of the powder bed 13 be coupled. The roller 24 with the reservoir 25 but also, for example, directly after the material removal device 23 provided and with the band-shaped carrier 15 coupled to coat the carrier 15 with new material 16 , The material coating device 21 may take place or in addition to the roller 24 also z. B. have one or more fluid nozzles (not shown), for spraying at least one layer of the adhesive or adhesive material 16 on the band-shaped carrier 15 , The invention is directed to said material coating devices 21 and on the material removal device 23 not limited, they serve only as an example.

The recording 14 with the band-shaped carrier 15 and the at least one layer of the adhesive or adhesive material 16 is preferably permeable to the energy beam 9 the energy source 10 , z. B. the in 3 shown laser beam device for selectively solidifying the respective powder layer 12 ,

As previously with reference to the embodiments in 1 and 2 has been described, the recording can 14 be provided in the X, Y and / or Z direction movable to the recording 14 along the powder bed 13 at a sufficient distance a to the powder layer to be solidified 12 to move, so this sweat and melt spatter 22 and on the other hand to move so that an intermediate coating of the powder bed 13 with the next selectively to be solidified powder layer is possible. The coating device for coating the powder bed with a next powder layer in 3 was not shown for reasons of clarity. Here, at least one of the rollers 18 . 19 on which the recording 14 is arranged circumferentially, be provided in the X, Y and / or Z-direction movable, for example by means of a motor, such. B. an electric motor (not shown). In addition, also the base plate 4 and the frame 5 for picking up the powder 6 instead of fixed or stationary relative to the recording 14 be designed to be movable in the X, Y and / or Z direction.

In 4 is a detail of the splash guard 1 according to 3 shown. Here is the powder bed 13 shown and arranged above the splash guard 2 according to the third embodiment of the invention. During melting of the component area 11 the topmost powder layer 12 It can happen that welding or melting points 22 the melt out of this. Normally, these sweat and melting points would 22 then fall back into the melt. To prevent this, these sweat and melting points 22 through the recording 14 the splash guard 1 picked up and bound so that they can not accidentally fall back into the powder bed and there into the melt. For this purpose, the recording 14 the carrier 15 on, which, as in the embodiment in 4 is shown, at least one layer with the adhesive or adhesive material 16 at which welding or melting points 22 adhere and through the material 16 can be picked up and bound or included, that they are not unintentionally in the melt of the powder layer 12 can fall behind.

In the in 4 embodiment shown is the carrier 15 and the material coating 16 for the energy beam 9 preferably permeable. Basically, but also the carrier 15 and / or the material coating 16 for the energy beam 9 the energy radiation source be impermeable, the energy beam 9 in this case, as previously with reference to 2 was described, the recording 14 locally melted or burned locally or evaporated to the intake 14 to penetrate and a powder layer 12 below selectively solidify.

As in 4 further shown is the shot 14 at a suitable distance a which is greater than zero, to the topmost powder layer to be selectively solidified 12 arranged. The distance a is chosen so that the recording 14 Welding and melting spatter 22 , which spray out of the melt, by melting the powder layer 12 in the component area 11 through the energy radiation 9 arises, can absorb.

The splash guard according to the invention 2 has the advantage that the manufacturing costs can be reduced. So the lot size can be increased because, for example, less waste is generated. Furthermore, the material quality can be improved and the process stability can be increased.

Although the present invention has been described above with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not limited thereto, but modified in many ways. In particular, the embodiments described above can be combined with one another, in particular individual features thereof.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

contraption

2

Splash guard

3

component

4

baseplate

5

frame

6

powder

7

coater

8th

scraper

9

energy beam

10

Energy radiation source

11

component area

12

powder layer

13

powder bed

14

admission

15

carrier

16

adhesive or adhesive material

17

focus

18

role

19

role

21

Material coating device

22

Welding or melting spatter

23

Material removal device

24

roller

25

reservoir

Claims (13)

Splash guard ( 2 ) for picking up welding or melting spatters ( 22 ), which during the construction of a component ( 3 ) occur by a generative manufacturing process in the selective solidification of a powder layer ( 12 ) by energy radiation ( 9 ), wherein the splash guard ( 2 ) a recording ( 14 ) with a carrier ( 15 ), which is coated with at least one layer of adhesive or adhesive material ( 16 ) is provided for receiving welding or fusion ( 22 ). Splash protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that the carrier ( 15 ) is a plate, wherein the plate consists of a material or a combination of materials, which for the energy radiation ( 9 ), in particular laser radiation and / or electron radiation, is permeable or impermeable, the impermeable plate in particular having an opening for passing the energy radiation ( 9 ) having. Splash protection device according to claim 2, characterized in that the plate is a glass plate or a plastic plate, which preferably for energy radiation ( 9 ) is permeable. Splash protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that the carrier ( 15 ) is a band-shaped carrier, in particular a film. Splash protection device according to claim 4, characterized in that the band-shaped carrier ( 15 ) has a first and a second end, wherein the first end on a roll ( 18 ) unwindable and the second end on a roll ( 19 ), in particular additionally a peelable protective layer on the outside of the coating of the band-shaped carrier ( 15 ) with the adhesive or adhesive material ( 16 ) is predictable. Splash protection device according to at least one of claims 1 or 4, characterized in that the band-shaped carrier ( 15 ) circulating on two rollers ( 18 . 19 ) can be arranged. Splash guard according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the carrier ( 15 ) with a material coating device ( 21 ) and by the material coating device ( 21 ) with at least one layer of the adhesive or adhesive material ( 16 ), the material coating device ( 21 ), in particular a roller ( 24 ), with which the material ( 16 ) on the carrier ( 15 ) is rollable, wherein the roller ( 24 ) with a storage container ( 25 ) for the material to be coated ( 16 ) can be coupled. Splash guard according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the carrier ( 15 ) with a material removal device ( 23 ), which comprises the at least one layer of the adhesive or adhesive material ( 16 ) of the carrier ( 15 ), in particular if the layer is absorbed by the absorption of welding or melting spatters ( 22 ), the material removal device ( 23 ) is in particular a scraper. Splash guard according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the Aufhahme ( 14 ) by the energy radiation ( 9 ) is locally melted, burnable and / or vaporizable for passing the energy radiation ( 9 ) by the recording ( 14 ). Splash guard according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the splash guard ( 2 ) is fixed or movable in an X, Y and / or Z direction. Splash protection device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adhesive or adhesive material ( 16 ) is at least one pressure-sensitive adhesive and / or at least one one-component adhesive. Contraption ( 1 ) for building a component, in particular for producing, replacing and / or repairing a component ( 3 ), by a generative manufacturing process with a splash guard ( 2 ) according to one of claims 1 to 11. Apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in that the splash guard ( 2 ) during the solidification of a component area ( 11 ) a powder layer ( 12 ) at a predetermined distance (a) to the powder layer ( 12 ) of the powder bed ( 13 ) is arranged stationary or along the powder layer ( 12 ) of the powder bed ( 13 ) is provided movable.

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