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DE102011109249A1 - High voltage battery for vehicle applications - Google Patents

High voltage battery for vehicle applications Download PDF

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Publication number
DE102011109249A1
DE102011109249A1 DE102011109249A DE102011109249A DE102011109249A1 DE 102011109249 A1 DE102011109249 A1 DE 102011109249A1 DE 102011109249 A DE102011109249 A DE 102011109249A DE 102011109249 A DE102011109249 A DE 102011109249A DE 102011109249 A1 DE102011109249 A1 DE 102011109249A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
cell
voltage battery
venting
cell block
collecting channel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
DE102011109249A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Christian Brommer
Rainer Kaufmann
Jens Meintschel
Dirk Schröter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mercedes Benz Group AG
Original Assignee
Daimler AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Daimler AG filed Critical Daimler AG
Priority to DE102011109249A priority Critical patent/DE102011109249A1/en
Priority to PCT/EP2012/003021 priority patent/WO2013017204A1/en
Publication of DE102011109249A1 publication Critical patent/DE102011109249A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/271—Lids or covers for the racks or secondary casings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
    • H01M50/519—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing comprising printed circuit boards [PCB]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/342—Non-re-sealable arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/342—Non-re-sealable arrangements
    • H01M50/3425—Non-re-sealable arrangements in the form of rupturable membranes or weakened parts, e.g. pierced with the aid of a sharp member
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Gas Exhaust Devices For Batteries (AREA)
  • Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)

Abstract

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Hochvolt-Batterie für Fahrzeuganwendungen, umfassend die folgenden Bauteile beziehungsweise Merkmale: eine Vielzahl von elektrisch in Reihe oder parallel geschalteten Zellen (1) die einen Zellblock (3) bilden, die zugehörende Kühl- oder Heizeinrichtung, die zugehörende Elektronik, eine Venting-Einrichtung (2) für die einzelne Zelle (1) zum definierten Abblasen von Venting-Gasen beim Überschreiten eines vorgegebenen Druckes in der Zelle (1). Die Erfindung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Sammelkanal (10) vorgesehen ist, der an die Venting-Einrichtungen (2) angeschlossen ist und dass der Sammelkanal (10) unter Verwendung eines Teiles des Zellblocks (3) oder eines zum Zellblock (3) gehörenden Bauteiles gebildet ist.The invention relates to a high-voltage battery for vehicle applications, comprising the following components or features: a plurality of electrically connected in series or parallel cells (1) forming a cell block (3), the associated cooling or heating device, the associated electronics, a Venting device (2) for the single cell (1) for the defined venting of venting gases when a predetermined pressure in the cell (1) is exceeded. The invention is characterized in that a collecting channel (10) is provided, which is connected to the venting devices (2) and that the collecting channel (10) using a part of the cell block (3) or belonging to the cell block (3) Component is formed.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Hochvolt-Batterie für Fahrzeuganwendungen, insbesondere eine Lithium-Ionen-Batterie, mit einer Mehrzahl von Einzelzellen, die in Serie und/oder parallel miteinander verschaltet sind. Auf den Einzelzellen ist polseitig eine Kühlplatte angeordnet. Insbesondere bei Li-Ionen-Zellen können bei Überladung oder Kurzschluss die Temperatur und der Innendruck im Gehäuse stark ansteigen. Die in den Zellen enthaltene elektrochemisch aktive Masse ist thermisch instabil. Insbesondere die in Li-Ionen-Zellen befindlichen Metalloxide (Nickeloxid, Manganoxid) zersetzen sich oberhalb von etwa 150°C irreversibel in einer exothermen Reaktion. Dadurch erwärmt sich die Zelle noch weiter, und der Druck in ihrem Inneren steigt an. Um das unkontrollierte Bersten der Zellgehäuse zu vermeiden, sind diese in der Regel mit Berstscheiben und so weiter ausgestattet, beispielsweise mit Membranen, die eine Sollbruchstelle aufweisen, und die ein definiertes Abblasen (Venting) ermöglichen.The invention relates to a high-voltage battery for vehicle applications, in particular a lithium-ion battery, with a plurality of individual cells, which are connected in series and / or in parallel with each other. On the single cells, a cooling plate is arranged on the pole side. In the case of over-charging or short-circuiting, in particular in the case of Li-ion cells, the temperature and the internal pressure in the housing can rise sharply. The electrochemically active material contained in the cells is thermally unstable. In particular, located in Li-ion cells metal oxides (nickel oxide, manganese oxide) decompose above about 150 ° C irreversibly in an exothermic reaction. As a result, the cell heats up further and the pressure inside increases. In order to avoid the uncontrolled bursting of the cell housing, they are usually equipped with rupture discs and so on, for example with membranes that have a predetermined breaking point, and allow a defined venting (venting).

Durch die radiale Wärmeleitung sind Kettenreaktionen möglich. Überhitzt eine Zelle durch Kurzschluss oder Überladung, dann können die Nachbarzellen durch die Zersetzung der elektrochemisch aktiven Masse zerstört werden. Das aus den Zellen austretende Venting-Gas enthält leitfähige Bestandteile (Elektrolyt, Leitsalze, Alu- oder Kupferpartikel, usw.). Dies kann zu weiteren Kurzschlüssen im Batterieinneren führen, besonders dann, wenn die Zellpole mit Venting-Gas in Kontakt gelangen.Due to the radial heat conduction chain reactions are possible. If a cell overheats due to a short circuit or overcharging, the neighboring cells can be destroyed by the decomposition of the electrochemically active mass. The venting gas leaving the cells contains conductive components (electrolyte, conductive salts, aluminum or copper particles, etc.). This can lead to further short circuits inside the battery, especially when the cell poles come into contact with venting gas.

Auf DE 10 2008 059 056 A1 wird verwiesen.On DE 10 2008 059 056 A1 will be referred.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Hochvolt-Batterie gemäß dem Obergriff von Anspruch 1 auszubilden, wobei unkontrolliertes Bersten oder weitere Kurzschlüsse im Batterieinneren vermieden werden, und zwar bei geringem baulichen Aufwand.The invention has for its object to form a high-voltage battery according to the preamble of claim 1, wherein uncontrolled bursting or other short circuits inside the battery can be avoided, with little structural effort.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmale von Anspruch 1 gelöst. Demgemäß wird ein Sammelkanal zum Auffangen austretender Venting-Gase vorgesehen. Der Sammelkanal wird unter Ausnutzung von solchen Bauteilen gebildet, die ohnehin zum Zellblock gehören. Ein solches Bauteil ist insbesondere die Zellverbinderplatine (Leiterplatte). Diese besteht in der Regel aus faserverstärktem Kunststoff, der bereits eine gewisse Temperaturbeständigkeit besitzt. Ein weiteres in Betracht kommendes Bauteil ist das Gehäuse der Batterieelektronik, zum Beispiel für die Zellspannungsüberwachung oder das Balancing. Man wird im Allgemeinen den Venting-Kanal aus hochtemperaturfesten Werkstoffen ausführen.This object is solved by the features of claim 1. Accordingly, a collection channel is provided for collecting leaking venting gases. The collection channel is formed using such components that already belong to the cell block. Such a component is in particular the cell connector board (printed circuit board). This is usually made of fiber-reinforced plastic, which already has a certain temperature resistance. Another component that can be considered is the housing of the battery electronics, for example for cell voltage monitoring or balancing. In general, the venting channel will be made of high temperature resistant materials.

Durch die Verwendung der genannten Bauteile entstehen geringe Mehrkosten. Auch ist der Raumbedarf gering.By using the mentioned components arise low additional costs. Also, the space requirement is low.

Der Stand der Technik sowie die Erfindung sind anhand der Zeichnungen näher erläutert.The prior art and the invention are explained in more detail with reference to the drawings.

Dabei zeigen:Showing:

1 den Stand der Technik; 1 the state of the art;

2–5 eine erste Ausführungsform; 2 - 5 a first embodiment;

6–7 eine zweite Ausführungsform; 6 - 7 a second embodiment;

8–9 eine dritte Ausführungsform; und 8th - 9 a third embodiment; and

10 eine vierte Ausführungsform der Erfindung 10 A fourth embodiment of the invention

1 zeigt eine prismatische Zelle 1 mit einer bekannten Berstscheibe 2. Die Berstscheibe 2 dient gewissermaßen als Sollbruchstelle des Zellgehäuses. Bei Überschreiten eines gewissen Druckes geht die Berstscheibe 2 zu Bruch, und Venting-Gas strömt aus. 1 shows a prismatic cell 1 with a known rupture disk 2 , The rupture disk 2 serves as a kind of predetermined breaking point of the cell housing. When a certain pressure is exceeded, the rupture disk goes 2 to break, and venting gas escapes.

Bei der ersten erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsform gemäß 2 sieht man einen Zellblock 3. Dieser weist eine Mehrzahl von Zellen 1 auf. Jede Zelle 1 umfasst zwei Pole 4 und eine Berstscheibe 2.In the first embodiment according to the invention 2 you see a cell block 3 , This has a plurality of cells 1 on. Every cell 1 includes two poles 4 and a rupture disk 2 ,

Eine Zellverbinderplatine 5 trägt eine Mehrzahl von Zellverbindern 6 und ist mit zwei in Längsrichtung verlaufenden Stegen 7 versehen, ferner mit Langlöchern 8. Die Anzahl der Langlöcher 8 ist gleich der Anzahl der Berstscheiben 2. In montiertem Zustand liegt jeweils ein Langloch 8 über einer Berstscheibe 2. Siehe 3.A cell connector board 5 carries a plurality of cell connectors 6 and is provided with two longitudinal webs 7 provided, furthermore with oblong holes 8th , The number of slots 8th is equal to the number of rupture discs 2 , In the assembled state is in each case a slot 8th over a rupture disk 2 , Please refer 3 ,

Die 4 und 5 zeigen außerdem das Batteriegehäuse 9. Wie man aus den 4 und 5 erkennt, bilden das Batteriegehäuse 9 zusammen mit der Zellverbinderplatine 5 sowie deren Stegen 7 den genannten Sammelkanal 10 zum Auffangen und Ableiten von Venting-Gasen.The 4 and 5 also show the battery case 9 , How to get out of the 4 and 5 detects, form the battery case 9 together with the cell connector board 5 as well as their webs 7 the said collection channel 10 for capturing and discharging venting gases.

Wie man weiterhin aus 4 sieht, ist auch das Batteriegehäuse 9 an einer seiner Stirnseiten mit einer Berstscheibe ausgestattet. Diese liegt in der Flucht des Sammelkanals 10. Eine solche Berstscheibe kann an beiden Stirnseiten des Batteriegehäuses vorgesehen werden.How to continue dating 4 sees, is also the battery case 9 equipped with a rupture disk on one of its front sides. This lies in the flight of the collecting channel 10 , Such a rupture disk can be provided on both end faces of the battery case.

Bei der zweiten Ausführungsform der Erfindung gemäß der 6 und 7 ist der Sammelkanal 10 allein aus der Zellverbinderplatine 5 gebildet, somit nicht aus einem weiteren Bauteil.In the second embodiment of the invention according to the 6 and 7 is the collection channel 10 solely from the cell connector board 5 formed, thus not from another component.

Bei der Ausführungsform gemäß der 8 und 9 ist der Sammelkanal 10 aus zwei Bauteilen gebildet, nämlich dem Zellblock 3 und einem Gehäuse 11 für die Batterieelektronik. Das Gehäuse 11 weist zu diesem Zweck zwei Stege 12 auf. In the embodiment according to the 8th and 9 is the collection channel 10 formed of two components, namely the cell block 3 and a housing 11 for the battery electronics. The housing 11 has two webs for this purpose 12 on.

Bei der vierten Ausführungsform der Erfindung gemäß 10 ist der Sammelkanal 10 aus dem Batteriegehäuse 9 gebildet, das zwei Stege 13, 13 aufweist. Ferner aus der Zellverbinderplatine 5 sowie aus dem Zellblock 3.In the fourth embodiment of the invention according to 10 is the collection channel 10 from the battery case 9 formed, the two bridges 13 . 13 having. Also from the cell connector board 5 as well as from the cell block 3 ,

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
Zellecell
22
Berstscheiberupture disc
33
Zellblockcell block
44
Polpole
55
ZellverbinderplatineCell connector board
66
Zellverbindercell connectors
77
Stegweb
88th
LanglochLong hole
99
Batteriegehäusebattery case
1010
Sammelkanalcollecting duct
1111
Elektronikgehäuseelectronics housing
1212
Stegweb
1515
Schraubescrew

ZITATE ENTHALTEN IN DER BESCHREIBUNG QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

Diese Liste der vom Anmelder aufgeführten Dokumente wurde automatisiert erzeugt und ist ausschließlich zur besseren Information des Lesers aufgenommen. Die Liste ist nicht Bestandteil der deutschen Patent- bzw. Gebrauchsmusteranmeldung. Das DPMA übernimmt keinerlei Haftung für etwaige Fehler oder Auslassungen.This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Zitierte PatentliteraturCited patent literature

  • DE 102008059056 A1 [0003] DE 102008059056 A1 [0003]

Claims (6)

Hochvolt-Batterie für Fahrzeuganwendungen, umfassend die folgenden Bauteile beziehungsweise Merkmale: – eine Vielzahl von elektrisch in Reihe oder parallel geschalteten Zellen (1) die einen Zellblock (3) bilden; – die zugehörende Kühl- oder Heizeinrichtung; – die zugehörende Elektronik; – eine Venting-Einrichtung (2) für die einzelne Zelle (1) zum definierten Abblasen von Venting-Gasen beim Überschreiten eines vorgegebenen Druckes in der Zelle (1); dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass – ein Sammelkanal (10) vorgesehen ist, der an die Venting-Einrichtungen (2) angeschlossen ist; – der Sammelkanal (10) unter Verwendung eines Teiles des Zellblocks (3) oder eines zum Zellblock (3) gehörenden Bauteiles gebildet ist.High-voltage battery for vehicle applications, comprising the following components or features: a plurality of cells connected electrically in series or in parallel 1 ) a cell block ( 3 ) form; - The associated cooling or heating device; - the associated electronics; A venting device ( 2 ) for the single cell ( 1 ) for defined venting of venting gases when a predetermined pressure in the cell is exceeded ( 1 ); characterized in that - a collecting duct ( 10 ) provided to the venting devices ( 2 ) connected; - the collection channel ( 10 ) using a part of the cell block ( 3 ) or one to the cell block ( 3 ) belonging components is formed. Hochvolt-Batterie nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Sammelkanal (10) aus der Zellverbinderplatine (5) sowie dem Batteriegehäuse (9) gebildet ist.High-voltage battery according to claim 1, characterized in that the collecting channel ( 10 ) from the cell connector board ( 5 ) and the battery case ( 9 ) is formed. Hochvolt-Batterie nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Sammelkanal (10) allein aus der Zellverbinderplatine gebildet ist.High-voltage battery according to claim 1, characterized in that the collecting channel ( 10 ) is formed solely from the cell connector board. Hochvolt-Batterie nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Sammelkanal aus dem Zellblock (3) und einem Batterieelektronikgehäuse (11) gebildet ist.High-voltage battery according to claim 1, characterized in that the collecting channel from the cell block ( 3 ) and a battery electronics housing ( 11 ) is formed. Hochvolt-Batterie nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Sammelkanal (10) aus dem Batteriegehäuse (9), der Zellverbinderplatine (5) und dem Zellblock (3) gebildet ist.High-voltage battery according to claim 1, characterized in that the collecting channel ( 10 ) from the battery case ( 9 ), the cell connector board ( 5 ) and the cell block ( 3 ) is formed. Hochvolt-Batterie nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Batteriegehäuse (9) wenigstens an einer seiner Stirnseiten eine Berstscheibe (2) aufweist, die mit dem Sammelkanal (10) fluchtet.High-voltage battery according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the battery housing ( 9 ) at least on one of its end faces a rupture disk ( 2 ) connected to the collecting channel ( 10 ) flees.
DE102011109249A 2011-08-02 2011-08-02 High voltage battery for vehicle applications Withdrawn DE102011109249A1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011109249A DE102011109249A1 (en) 2011-08-02 2011-08-02 High voltage battery for vehicle applications
PCT/EP2012/003021 WO2013017204A1 (en) 2011-08-02 2012-07-18 High-voltage battery for vehicle applications

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011109249A DE102011109249A1 (en) 2011-08-02 2011-08-02 High voltage battery for vehicle applications

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WO (1) WO2013017204A1 (en)

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DE102013208137A1 (en) * 2013-05-03 2014-11-06 Robert Bosch Gmbh Battery with a predetermined breaking points having cover
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KR20230025892A (en) * 2020-10-19 2023-02-23 지앙수 컨템포러리 엠퍼렉스 테크놀로지 리미티드 Battery, electric device, battery manufacturing method and device
CN112086605B (en) * 2020-10-19 2022-11-25 江苏时代新能源科技有限公司 Battery, electric device, method and equipment for preparing battery
CN118715665A (en) * 2022-10-10 2024-09-27 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 Energy storage equipment and energy storage system

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Cited By (26)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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