DE102011078681A1 - Planar armor element for protecting e.g. motor car against fire, has layer formed from metal sheet, ceramic material or planar component that is made of fiber reinforced plastic, and another layer made of open-porous metal foam - Google Patents
Planar armor element for protecting e.g. motor car against fire, has layer formed from metal sheet, ceramic material or planar component that is made of fiber reinforced plastic, and another layer made of open-porous metal foam Download PDFInfo
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- DE102011078681A1 DE102011078681A1 DE102011078681A DE102011078681A DE102011078681A1 DE 102011078681 A1 DE102011078681 A1 DE 102011078681A1 DE 102011078681 A DE102011078681 A DE 102011078681A DE 102011078681 A DE102011078681 A DE 102011078681A DE 102011078681 A1 DE102011078681 A1 DE 102011078681A1
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- layer
- armor element
- sheet
- ceramic
- planar
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- Pending
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- 239000006262 metallic foam Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000011151 fibre-reinforced plastic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 229920002430 Fibre-reinforced plastic Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 206010041662 Splinter Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920006231 aramid fiber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- BUHVIAUBTBOHAG-FOYDDCNASA-N (2r,3r,4s,5r)-2-[6-[[2-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-(2-methylphenyl)ethyl]amino]purin-9-yl]-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolane-3,4-diol Chemical compound COC1=CC(OC)=CC(C(CNC=2C=3N=CN(C=3N=CN=2)[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)O)C=2C(=CC=CC=2)C)=C1 BUHVIAUBTBOHAG-FOYDDCNASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001256 stainless steel alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
- F41H5/02—Plate construction
- F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
- F41H5/0414—Layered armour containing ceramic material
- F41H5/0421—Ceramic layers in combination with metal layers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
- F41H5/02—Plate construction
- F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
- F41H5/0414—Layered armour containing ceramic material
- F41H5/0428—Ceramic layers in combination with additional layers made of fibres, fabrics or plastics
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
- F41H5/02—Plate construction
- F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
- F41H5/0442—Layered armour containing metal
- F41H5/0457—Metal layers in combination with additional layers made of fibres, fabrics or plastics
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
- F41H5/02—Plate construction
- F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
- F41H5/0492—Layered armour containing hard elements, e.g. plates, spheres, rods, separated from each other, the elements being connected to a further flexible layer or being embedded in a plastics or an elastomer matrix
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein flächiges Panzerungselement nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a planar armor element according to the preamble of
Aus der
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein flächiges Panzerungselement zu schaffen, das ein möglichst geringes Gewicht aufweist.The object of the invention is to provide a planar armor element, which has the lowest possible weight.
Diese Aufgabe wird mit einem flächigen Panzerungselement mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst.This object is achieved with a planar armor element with the features of
Erfindungsgemäß wird ein flächiges Panzerungselement von einem Schichtkörper mit zumindest zwei Schichten gebildet. Die erste Schicht besteht aus einem Blech, einer Keramik oder aus einem flächigen Bauteil aus einem faserverstärkten Kunstsoff, wobei das Blech, die Keramik oder das flächige Bauteil aus einem faserverstärkten Kunststoff Vertiefungen und Erhöhungen aufweist, die fließend ineinander übergehen. Bevorzugt sind sowohl die Vertiefungen als auch die Erhöhungen halbkugelförmig. Die zweite Schicht besteht aus einem offenporigen Metallschaum.According to the invention, a planar armor element is formed by a layered body having at least two layers. The first layer consists of a sheet metal, a ceramic or a sheet-like component of a fiber-reinforced Kunstsoff, wherein the sheet, the ceramic or the sheet-like component made of a fiber-reinforced plastic recesses and elevations, which merge into one another. Preferably, both the depressions and the elevations are hemispherical. The second layer consists of an open-pored metal foam.
Bei einem Beschuss des flächigen Panzerungselements trifft das Projektil zunächst auf die erste Schicht auf. Aufgrund ihrer Oberflächenstruktur mit den ineinander übergehenden Erhöhungen und Vertiefungen wird das Projektil beim Auftreffen auf die erste Schicht abgelenkt, sodass Energie abgebaut wird. Dazu ist es wichtig, dass die Oberfläche der ersten Schicht möglichst keine ebenen Flächen aufweist, sondern möglichst an allen Stellen eine Wölbung hat, sodass das Projektil nirgends ohne Ablenkung hindurch dringen kann. Zudem wird beim Durchschlagen der ersten Schicht weitere Energie abgebaut. Die Menge der dabei abgebauten Energie ist abhängig von der Dicke und vom Material der ersten Schicht. Diese kann aus einem Blech, beispielsweise aus Panzerstahl, aus einer Keramik, beispielsweise aus Siliziumcarbid, oder aus einem faserverstärkten Kunststoff, wie beispielsweise aus einem kohlefaser- oder aramidfaserverstärkten Kunststoff, bestehen. Dabei hat sich eine Dicke der ersten Schicht von etwa 4 mm als besonders geeignet herausgestellt. Bei einer Dicke zwischen etwa 1 mm und 4 mm erfolgt zuverlässig die gewünschte Ablenkung und der gewünschte Energieabbau, ohne dass das Gewicht des Panzerungselements bereits durch die erste Schicht unnötig hoch ist.In a bombardment of the planar armor element, the projectile first encounters the first layer. Due to their surface structure with the merging elevations and depressions, the projectile is deflected when hitting the first layer, so that energy is dissipated. For this it is important that the surface of the first layer has as possible no flat surfaces, but as far as possible at all points has a curvature, so that the projectile can penetrate nowhere without distraction. In addition, further energy is dissipated when penetrating the first layer. The amount of energy dissipated depends on the thickness and material of the first layer. This may consist of a sheet metal, for example of armored steel, of a ceramic, for example of silicon carbide, or of a fiber-reinforced plastic, such as a carbon fiber or aramid fiber reinforced plastic. In this case, a thickness of the first layer of about 4 mm has been found to be particularly suitable. With a thickness of between about 1 mm and 4 mm, the desired deflection and the desired energy reduction reliably take place, without the weight of the armor element already being unnecessarily high as a result of the first layer.
Die zweite Schicht aus dem offenporigen Metallschaum baut in sehr hohem Maße die Restenergie des Projektils ab. Dabei hat sich insbesondere ein Metallschaum aus Zink als sehr geeignet herausgestellt, der sich durch eine hohe Energieaufnahme auszeichnet. Eine ideale Dicke der Schicht liegt zwischen 5 und 30 mm. Diese Schichtdicke stellt den optimalen Kompromiss zwischen möglichst niedrigem Gewicht und optimaler Energieabsorption dar.The second layer of the open-pored metal foam degrades the residual energy of the projectile to a very high degree. In particular, a metal foam of zinc has been found to be very suitable, which is characterized by a high energy consumption. An ideal thickness of the layer is between 5 and 30 mm. This layer thickness represents the optimum compromise between the lowest possible weight and optimum energy absorption.
Der Aufbau des flächigen Panzerungselements ermöglicht einerseits eine sehr gute Panzerung, andererseits ist das Panzerungselement gegenüber einem klassischen Panzerungselement, das nur aus Panzerstahl besteht, wesentlich leichter.The structure of the planar armor element on the one hand allows a very good armor, on the other hand, the armor element compared to a classic armor element, which consists only of armored steel, much lighter.
Bevorzugt weist das Panzerungselement eine dritte Schicht aus einem Blech, einer Keramik oder aus einem faserverstärkten Kunststoff auf. Diese dritte Schicht dient als Schutz vor verbleibenden Splittern des Projektils, die möglicherweise noch durch die zweite Schicht hindurch dringen könnten. Die dritte Schicht erhöht somit noch die erzielbare Schutzwirkung des Panzerungselements. Diese dritte Schicht besteht wie bereits die erste Schicht bevorzugt aus einem Blech, beispielsweise aus Panzerstahl, aus Keramik oder aus einem faserverstärkten Kunststoff, wie beispielsweise einem kohlefaser- oder aramidfaserverstärkten Kunststoff.The armor element preferably has a third layer made of a sheet metal, a ceramic or a fiber-reinforced plastic. This third layer serves as protection against remaining splinters of the projectile, which could possibly still penetrate through the second layer. The third layer thus still increases the achievable protective effect of the armor element. This third layer, like the first layer, preferably consists of a metal sheet, for example of armored steel, of ceramic or of a fiber-reinforced plastic, such as a carbon fiber or aramid fiber reinforced plastic.
Bevorzugt sind in den Metallschaum Keramikkörper eingebettet. Derartige Keramikkörper sind außerordentlich hart. Das in die zweite Schicht eindringende Projektil kann nicht durch diese hindurch dringen. Die Keramikkörper lenken das Projektil ab, wobei es einen Teil seiner kinetischen Energie verliert. Typische Keramikkörper sind Kugeln, Kegel und/oder Pyramiden. Um das Gewicht der Keramikkörper möglichst gering zu halten, können diese innen hohl sein. Idealerweise sind die Keramikköper derart in dem Metallschaum eingebettet, dass es keine Stelle gibt, an der das Projektil in die zweite Schicht eindringen kann, ohne auf einen Keramikkörper zu treffen.Ceramic bodies are preferably embedded in the metal foam. Such ceramic bodies are extremely hard. The penetrating into the second layer projectile can not penetrate through this. The ceramic bodies deflect the projectile, losing part of its kinetic energy. Typical ceramic bodies are spheres, cones and / or pyramids. To keep the weight of the ceramic body as low as possible, they can be hollow inside. Ideally, the ceramic bodies are embedded in the metal foam such that there is no location where the projectile can penetrate into the second layer without encountering a ceramic body.
Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen sind Gegenstand von Unteransprüchen.Further advantageous embodiments are the subject of dependent claims.
In der Zeichnung ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung dargestellt, anhand dessen die Erfindung im Folgenden näher beschrieben wird. Die einzelnen Figuren zeigen in schematischer Darstellungsweise:In the drawing, an embodiment of the invention is shown, by which the invention will be described in more detail below. The individual figures show in a schematic representation:
In
Wenn nun ein Projektil auf dieses flächige Panzerungselement auftrifft, prallt es zunächst gegen die erste Schicht
Dieses flächige Panzerungselement ist bezogen auf seine Schutzwirkung außerordentlich leicht, da es nur aus zwei dünnen Schichten und einer dicken Metallschaumschicht besteht, die nur ein geringes spezifisches Gewicht, aber ein hohes Energieabsorptionsvermögen besitzt.This planar armor element is extremely light in terms of its protective effect, since it consists of only two thin layers and a thick layer of metal foam, which has only a low specific gravity, but a high energy absorption capacity.
Die Schutzwirkung des flächigen Panzerungselements lässt sich noch erhöhen, indem in die zweite Schicht
In
In
Die Kombination von drei Schichten für ein flächiges Panzerungselement mit jeweils unterschiedlichen Funktionen ermöglicht es, ein Panzerungselement mit einem hohen Schutz und zugleich einem geringen Gewicht zu schaffen. Während die erste Schicht
Das vorliegende Panzerungselement eignet sich grundsätzlich, um Gegenstände, Personen, etc. vor Beschuss zu schützen. Insofern eignet sich das Panzerungselement für Kraftfahrzeuge aller Art, Nutzfahrzeuge, Kettenfahrzeuge, bemannte und unbemannte Flugobjekte, z. B. Hubschrauber, Flugzeuge, Drohnen, etc., Schiffe, Gebäude und für Vorrichtungen zum Schutz von Mensch und Tier, z. B. Schutzwesten, Helme, Ausrüstungsgegenstände, etc.The present armor element is basically suitable for protecting objects, persons, etc. from being bombarded. In this respect, the armor element is suitable for motor vehicles of all kinds, commercial vehicles, tracked vehicles, manned and unmanned flying objects, eg. As helicopters, aircraft, drones, etc., ships, buildings and equipment for the protection of humans and animals, z. Protective vests, helmets, equipment, etc.
ZITATE ENTHALTEN IN DER BESCHREIBUNG QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION
Diese Liste der vom Anmelder aufgeführten Dokumente wurde automatisiert erzeugt und ist ausschließlich zur besseren Information des Lesers aufgenommen. Die Liste ist nicht Bestandteil der deutschen Patent- bzw. Gebrauchsmusteranmeldung. Das DPMA übernimmt keinerlei Haftung für etwaige Fehler oder Auslassungen.This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.
Zitierte PatentliteraturCited patent literature
- DE 102004012990 A1 [0002] DE 102004012990 A1 [0002]
Claims (12)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102011078681A DE102011078681A1 (en) | 2011-07-05 | 2011-07-05 | Planar armor element for protecting e.g. motor car against fire, has layer formed from metal sheet, ceramic material or planar component that is made of fiber reinforced plastic, and another layer made of open-porous metal foam |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102011078681A DE102011078681A1 (en) | 2011-07-05 | 2011-07-05 | Planar armor element for protecting e.g. motor car against fire, has layer formed from metal sheet, ceramic material or planar component that is made of fiber reinforced plastic, and another layer made of open-porous metal foam |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE102011078681A1 true DE102011078681A1 (en) | 2013-01-10 |
Family
ID=47426432
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102011078681A Pending DE102011078681A1 (en) | 2011-07-05 | 2011-07-05 | Planar armor element for protecting e.g. motor car against fire, has layer formed from metal sheet, ceramic material or planar component that is made of fiber reinforced plastic, and another layer made of open-porous metal foam |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE102011078681A1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2015177755A1 (en) | 2014-05-22 | 2015-11-26 | Hpf S.P.A. | Multilayered bulletproof device |
| WO2016146571A1 (en) * | 2015-03-17 | 2016-09-22 | Rheinmetall Landsysteme Gmbh | Protective structure for an armored vehicle |
| CN110617739A (en) * | 2019-09-10 | 2019-12-27 | 中国人民解放军军事科学院国防工程研究院工程防护研究所 | Light non-metal special-shaped structure camouflage bulletproof shield body and method |
| CN115402465A (en) * | 2022-08-18 | 2022-11-29 | 中国人民解放军海军工程大学 | Deflection and yaw ballistic protection liquid tank structure |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2817516A1 (en) * | 1978-04-21 | 1979-10-25 | Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm | Composite protective sheet for vehicle - has plastics or ceramic rings or spheres inside corrugated or grid protected sheets |
| DE2818733A1 (en) * | 1978-04-28 | 1979-10-31 | Wahl Verschleiss Tech | Low cost armour plating - comprises chilled cast iron layers opt. contg. hard inserts |
| DE3507216A1 (en) * | 1985-03-01 | 1986-09-04 | Rheinmetall GmbH, 4000 Düsseldorf | Composite plate |
| DE4125918A1 (en) * | 1990-08-07 | 1992-02-13 | Ficht Gmbh | Composite bulletproof sheet - has metal or plastic skins and core of hard ceramic layers with matching prismatic type relief faces bonded together to absorb shock waves |
| DE2811733C1 (en) * | 1978-03-18 | 1998-10-01 | Daimler Benz Aerospace Ag | Protective active armour plate |
| US6698331B1 (en) * | 1999-03-10 | 2004-03-02 | Fraunhofer Usa, Inc. | Use of metal foams in armor systems |
| DE102004012990A1 (en) | 2004-04-30 | 2005-11-24 | Girlich, Dieter, Dr. | Composite material e.g. for producing ceramic-metallic, made from open-porous metal foam with its pores completely or partly filled out with material and pores of open-porous metal foam are filled of different ceramic materials |
| DE102007019392A1 (en) * | 2007-04-23 | 2008-10-30 | Krauss-Maffei Wegmann Gmbh & Co. Kg | Composite armor element |
-
2011
- 2011-07-05 DE DE102011078681A patent/DE102011078681A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2811733C1 (en) * | 1978-03-18 | 1998-10-01 | Daimler Benz Aerospace Ag | Protective active armour plate |
| DE2817516A1 (en) * | 1978-04-21 | 1979-10-25 | Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm | Composite protective sheet for vehicle - has plastics or ceramic rings or spheres inside corrugated or grid protected sheets |
| DE2818733A1 (en) * | 1978-04-28 | 1979-10-31 | Wahl Verschleiss Tech | Low cost armour plating - comprises chilled cast iron layers opt. contg. hard inserts |
| DE3507216A1 (en) * | 1985-03-01 | 1986-09-04 | Rheinmetall GmbH, 4000 Düsseldorf | Composite plate |
| DE4125918A1 (en) * | 1990-08-07 | 1992-02-13 | Ficht Gmbh | Composite bulletproof sheet - has metal or plastic skins and core of hard ceramic layers with matching prismatic type relief faces bonded together to absorb shock waves |
| US6698331B1 (en) * | 1999-03-10 | 2004-03-02 | Fraunhofer Usa, Inc. | Use of metal foams in armor systems |
| DE102004012990A1 (en) | 2004-04-30 | 2005-11-24 | Girlich, Dieter, Dr. | Composite material e.g. for producing ceramic-metallic, made from open-porous metal foam with its pores completely or partly filled out with material and pores of open-porous metal foam are filled of different ceramic materials |
| DE102007019392A1 (en) * | 2007-04-23 | 2008-10-30 | Krauss-Maffei Wegmann Gmbh & Co. Kg | Composite armor element |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2015177755A1 (en) | 2014-05-22 | 2015-11-26 | Hpf S.P.A. | Multilayered bulletproof device |
| WO2016146571A1 (en) * | 2015-03-17 | 2016-09-22 | Rheinmetall Landsysteme Gmbh | Protective structure for an armored vehicle |
| CN110617739A (en) * | 2019-09-10 | 2019-12-27 | 中国人民解放军军事科学院国防工程研究院工程防护研究所 | Light non-metal special-shaped structure camouflage bulletproof shield body and method |
| CN115402465A (en) * | 2022-08-18 | 2022-11-29 | 中国人民解放军海军工程大学 | Deflection and yaw ballistic protection liquid tank structure |
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