DE102011055737A1 - Device for detecting and recording sounds and melodies produced by instrument such as guitar, has display device that is provided to display appropriate chords of pentatonic scale to instrument playing person - Google Patents

Abstract

The device has a main unit that is set to recognize chords of song and sound movement and to record in computer, iphone(RTM: smartphones designed and marketed by Apple) or ipod(RTM: portable media players designed and marketed by Apple). The chords are recognized and evaluated by data base and compared with stored audio information using computer. An electromagnetic mapping for chord families is created by chords entered into computer. The display device is provided to display appropriate chords of pentatonic scale to instrument playing person. An independent claim is included for a method for detecting and recording sounds and melodies produced by instrument.

Description

The invention relates to an apparatus and / or method for detecting and / or recording acoustically perceptible sounds or melodies and / or one or more, in particular three, chords with the aid of a device, in particular an electronic recording device, with switched on computer.

It is well known to provide guitars on their neck with frets. These help to shorten the string when gripping to produce a certain sound when striking. Each fret corresponds to a semitone step. Originally, the frets were made of ivory or silver. Modern guitar frets are usually made of nickel silver. Frets of solid materials are immovably embedded in the fingerboard. This design does not actually allow to create intermediate tones. This is possible with suitable playing techniques, such as dragging (bending), (or slide).

The neck is flat or curved, wide or narrow depending on the type of guitar on the fingerboard. Classic guitars tend to have a broad and flat neck, steel string guitars rather narrow and arched necks.

At the end of the neck is the saddle. Most of these saddles are made of plastic or bone. They are either embedded in a groove milled in the fingerboard, or glued to the end of the fingerboard. Plastic saddles are manufactured industrially and are therefore inexpensive.

The fingerboard is part of string and plucked instruments. It is a plane parallel to the strings, flat or curved surface.

Hardwoods such as rosewood, ebony, maple, pearwood, beech are considered as the material for the fingerboard. The type of wood used greatly influences the sound of the instrument.

Depending on the design of the instrument, the fingerboard is attached to the corresponding neck or directly on the instrument body. It can be divided by the frets transverse to the string direction.

With the method according to the invention, the finding of chords is to be facilitated after listening to a piece of music. An advantage of the invention is that you can enter all the important music information in an I-phone or mobile phones to then play with the correct chord families a previously unknown song.

The invention has for its object the device and / or the method in such a way that of any Tonwerk in a simple and very fast way the chord families and the matching and / or playable sounds of an instrument, keyboard instruments and plucking instruments, especially a guitar, mandolins , a keyboard player or piano player to be provided.

• a) ein oder mehrere von einem Tonwerk oder Lied erkennbare Akkorde werden in einen Rechner mit Anzeigevorrichtung und/oder Tablett-Computer und/oder I-Pod, I-Phone eingegeben;
• b) mit Hilfe eines Rechners werden die Akkorde erkannt und ausgewertet und/oder mit Hilfe einer Datenbank ein Abgleich mit gespeicherten Toninformationen, wie Melodien bzw. Musikstücke, die bereits in der Datenbank eines Rechners hinterlegt sind, vorgenommen;
• c) mit Hilfe der in den Rechner eingegebenen Akkorde wird eine Zuordnung zu hinterlegten Akkordfamilien erstellt bzw. eine elektromagnetische Kartierung (mapping) vorgenommen;
• d) für das Tonwerk bzw. Liedstück werden passende bzw. zugehörige Akkorde und/oder die spielbaren Töne und/oder die spielbaren Töne einer Pentatonik einer das Instrument spielenden Person zur Verfügung gestellt bzw. angezeigt und/oder auf einem Anzeigegerät sichtbar gemacht.

The object is achieved by the following features:

• a) one or more of a piece of music or song recognizable chords are entered into a computer with display device and / or tablet computer and / or I-pod, I-Phone;
• b) with the help of a computer, the chords are recognized and evaluated and / or using a database comparison with stored sound information, such as tunes or pieces of music that are already stored in the database of a computer made;
• c) using the chords entered into the calculator, an assignment to stored chord families is created or an electromagnetic mapping is performed;
• d) for the piece of music or song piece matching or associated chords and / or the playable sounds and / or the playable sounds of a person playing the instrument pentatonic provided or displayed and / or made visible on a display device.

According to these specifications, an untrained person can determine all important chord families of a piece of music in a very short time and then easily play a solo guitar to the new piece of music. The invention can be applied to all box neck lutes or plucked instruments (in terms of tone generation) or stringed instruments having roughly the same playing technique and also to pianos.

For this it is advantageous that on a guitar neck ( 2 ) a guitar or a box neck lute or plucked instrument or the keyboard of a piano, in the range and / or below strings ( 4 ) a box neck lute or plucked instrument or string instrument, in particular guitar ( 10 ) or in the area of the keyboard, a display is provided on which the playable and / or determined chords and the associated and / or playable sounds can be displayed and that the chords detected by means of an operatively connected to the computer sound detection system and / or analyzed and then the output and / or display of the quantified primary situation (frets) and / or the chord families on a display or the guitar neck associated display takes place.

The display may also be on a display tape located behind the strings of the guitar (an electronic device for displaying and / or playing the sounds), i. H. At the quantified primary position (frets) a signal point illuminates, telling the player which string to strike and which preferred or further chords are suitable.

Such equipped guitar can be used as a learning device, as the student recognizes which frets he has to grab and so quickly find the matching chord families.

An additional possibility is according to a development of the invention that the sounds are displayed on the guitar neck and / or in the area or between the frets and the guitar neck is associated with a movable and / or transparent template on the all sounds and chords with the chord families are applied.

Further, it is advantageous that the display device is formed as an electronic device for displaying and / or playing the sounds and stored as a display tape behind the strings of the guitar, which has at the numbered primary position or the frets signal points, which are controlled by the computer , light up accordingly and show the player which string he can strike and which preferred or further chords and tones to match.

Further advantages and details of the invention are explained in the patent claims and in the description and illustrated in the figures.

Showing:

1 a guitar in the top view,

2a a schematic representation of a guitar neck with the image of the national tone sequence, which is shown on a guitar neck with fretboard, the respective playable tones of a pentatonic and - although the Grundpentatonik - are marked with three basic tones and the chord families,

2 B the national chord family,

2c a slidable template, which may be transparent to be slid on the guitar neck, and thus display the playable chord families,

3 a baseboard of a guitar with frets in side view,

4 a flowchart for a device and a method for recognizing chord families and the associated playable sounds.

In 1 is a guitar 10 shown schematically, which essentially consists of a carcass 11 , a guitar neck 2 and a head with swirls 3 and the associated strings 4 consists. On the guitar neck 2 are according to embodiment (see 2a - 2c ) 24 frets 1 to 24 are arranged, all of which have the same distance of 15 mm from each other. However, it is also possible to design the distances of the frets of different sizes, depending on the requirements placed on the guitar. The strings 4 are on the body 11 anchored over a footbridge 5 be laid and be with the help of the vortex 3 accordingly strained, so the guitar 10 can be voted.

In 2a respectively. 2c is the top view of the guitar neck 2 with a fingerboard 6 and the playable tones of a pentatonic, namely the Grundpentatonik with three basic tones, as well as the chord families represented. The tones are marked as follows: Explanation of symbols

The starting point (basic note) defined for the selected chord family is the minor fundamental or major fundamental on the first string (e-string)

In the theory of music is only theoretically discussed how to find chords or modal chords to the scales. The practical learning of the modal chords, or finding out the chords from a song recorded only by listening, makes some effort and is even for professional guitar players very complex and usually only by trying find out.

The four-part chords are described below, see also the 2a to 2c ,

• • Dur-Major-7
• • Moll-7
• • Dur-7
• • Moll-b5/7

There are seven modes, but only four chord families to learn in 2a

• • Major Major-7
• • minor-7
• • Dur-7
• • Minor b5 / 7

In total, this results in 12 new handles that must now be learned. But since only one or two notes of a known chord must be changed, the mental effort is limited.

The original handles for the chords listed here all have the interval order 1-5-1-3. To obtain four-part chords, the octave root has been replaced by the VII. This then gives the interval sequence 1-5-7-3, which is the basis for our modal chords. There is also another method called chord voicing.

With this method and the visualized fingerboard you can achieve a high degree of musical flexibility. Either to define your own style, or to gain the ability to play spontaneously at any time in any kind of music in any way. This demystifies the fingerboard and allows the use of various techniques and nuances in the game.

For the guitarist according to the invention handy device and a method has been developed, such as chords, arpeggios, voicings and scales can be constructed, named and used.

With the help of the chord scale according to the invention ( 2a to 2c ) then simple interesting as well as sophisticated solos, riffs and multi-sounds are possible.

With the device or device according to the invention to get every handle that is used in professional rhythm work. From Bluesskalen to the exotic scales, the only very good ones Use guitarists such as Pentatonics, Major scales, Natural minor, Harmonious minor, Melodic minor, Diminished and wide-stretch extended scales, Doric modes, Phrygian and Mixolydian modes etc.

The use of a circle of fifths is too time-consuming to quickly find chord families. The circle of fifths in music theory is a graphic illustration of the relationships between the keys. It originates from the understanding of the occidental harmony and is based on the knowledge that a key has the closest proximity to those keys which stand at a distance of one fifth (five-tone step = the interval of seven semitone steps). Neighboring keys in the fifth circle are referred to as Quintverwandt.

Concerning the circle of fifths, it is pointed out that music theory is based on the fact that the scale consists of whole and semitone steps. For the guitarist, it is very difficult to implement this in the short term. The inventive method and the associated device or device based on the implementation of the guitar handle board - no black keys as in a piano - in semitone steps. This results in an always recurring matrix or computational algorithm with respect to the fingerboard.

The pre-drawing of a piece of music is not to be confused with its key. They are usually closely related, but not necessarily identical.

In any case, from the preliminary drawing alone, the key can not be read with certainty. Whether the piece is in major or minor, can only be seen from the musical context. As a rule, the consideration of the beginning or final tone or chord provides the most important hint. Other tonal systems, such as the modes that were originally used without any sign, can also be transposed by prefixing. Analogous to the major / minor keys one speaks then z. From C-Dorisch or D-Phrygian. Atonal music is often written down with dislocation characters only.

When using transposing musical instruments, the recorded prefix must be related to the fundamental tone of the instrument to obtain the actual sounding key.

Normally, at least three different tones are first referred to as a chord, and very often there are also only two notes that still perform chordal functions. These two tone combinations are called doublesongs. It often lacks the quint to complete triad. However, since the quint is already present in the natural overtone spectrum, in such a case a twofold is missing nothing fundamental, and thus already fulfills the criteria of the triad. However, other combinations of tones that do not conform to this rule can always be supplemented theoretically, resulting in more complex combinations of chords, but always in context. Frequently, dyads are used in rock music in the form of a power chord, that is, only the root and fifth without the third. Furthermore, there is the fourth harmonic as musical structures in which a pure fourth is clearly preferred. The relatively young term fourth harmonic is to be seen as a conscious contrast to the traditional third harmonic.

All of the above chord types can be identified in a similar way, with the reference tone not being a concrete base note, but instead the number of that base note in the scale of the root key.

Examples in C major:

The sound ceg is a basic triad over the first step;
the sound ghdf is called the seventh chord above the fifth level.

Chords consist of the sound supply, which is provided by the respective musical context. In the case of traditional Western music, these are the twelve tones of the chromatic scale and their repetitions in different layers. Since traditional Western music is largely based on a basic key, a core tone stock results from the 7 so-called conductor-own tones. In the case of C major, these are: c, d, e, f, g, a, h.

In order to switch temporarily to other keys in the musical process, this tone set can be extended by the tones which differ from the basic key in the other keys. In fact, modulation (change) occurs through the introduction of non-conductor tones. The The most typical enhancements that lead to alterations of conductor-specific tones to non-conductor tones are the minor seventh and the excessive fourth.

In the case of C major, these are: b instead of h and fs instead of F. Altering h to b is perceived as a harmonic panning towards the nearest key in the fifth circle, which counts that tone as its own.

In the case of C major, this is F major.

This pan is also felt when no sound is formed on the F major base, but only a seventh chord is played over c (c-e-g-b), for example. Modulations to more distant keys expand the tone range from which chords can be formed.

As mentioned above, a total of twelve tones and twelve chords are distinguished, which differ in the major and minor genders. Several chords can or will be grouped into eight chord families. Many song pieces are mostly in chord families. The chord families are graphically represented on the fingerboard between the frets, d. h the individual chords have fixed distances between them and can always be determined in this way. The individual sexes, such as major and minor, have a parallel-type major, the beginnings differ. For example, E minor is the parallel major G major.

This regularity is used correspondingly in the method according to the invention and corresponding graphics are created on which the individual chord families are drawn on a second fingering chart. This graphic representation of the fingering chart can be leaned against the handle bed of a guitar and moved parallel to it.

The resulting data is described as an algorithm. The user or guitar player who has selected a particular song, in the calculator, z. For example, an I-Phone enters three chords, thereby obtaining the chord family and thus finding the missing chords specified in the chord family. So he knows the set sounds to play on the guitar. As long as you play in this chord family, it does not matter which of the specified notes are struck on the guitar, it always sounds tonally.

If the guitar player is in a rehearsal and hears a song for the first time and realizes that the song is played in D major, C major and E minor, he will give these keys and, if possible, the opening chord z. B. E minor in the I-Phone. Now he can with the help of a calculator and a software determine the chord family and display on the I-Phone and thus recognize that the song in the root key of E minor is set to music, these include the notes D, C and the chords B minor , A minor, A major and G major. So he knows after a short time, which chord families are included in the song.

Even professional musicians had to spend a long time looking for melody recognition to find all the right chord families. and the song to accompany me on the guitar. This was previously only possible by long practice.

With the aid of an advanced device, the chords can also be recorded acoustically, entered directly on the I Phone and then the chord families displayed on the I Phone.

Furthermore, it is according to the invention that a corresponding display is mounted on the guitar neck, on which the chord families are displayed and thus playable.

With the aid of the movable fingering chart, the tones to be played can be determined in each case. If you put on the sliding fingering chart the 12-marked E-Minor position or, for example, a transparent position on the fingering chart of the guitar, you can see which tones can be played.

The upper and lower black dots, with an outer circle on the sliding fingering chart, indicate the minor key tones. The middle point marked in bold is the root G-G major from the parallel key. The small circles indicate the equally playable notes on the guitar. So you get a recurring pattern after every twelve frets. So if you play the playable notes marked with small circles, you can vary the timbre during the guitar playing.

Since these layers can be displayed on an I-phone, it is possible to play guitar on an I-Phone. It can thus be practiced with this device and the method on an I-phone a song with all variants place independent. Furthermore, these tones can be named numerically, so that the student can later play such songs also by heart. As mentioned above, one enters into the I-Phone advantageously three chord families and the I-phone immediately indicates the appropriate location where the playable sounds are, so you can play the desired song due to this display. Behind each tune hides a regularity of distances, which are determined and then converted into an algorithm.

If you move the fingering chart on the guitar around two frets to the right, the playable tones are displayed again.

The following symbols represent the individual tones indicated on the sliding fingering chart.

• 1. Einrichtung zum Erkennen und/oder Aufzeichnen von akustisch wahrnehmbaren Tönen bzw. Melodien und/oder einem oder mehreren, insbesondere drei, Akkorden mit Hilfe eines Geräts, wie elektronisches Aufzeichnungsgerät und einem zugeschaltetem Rechner;
• 2. Manuelle oder direkte Eingabe mit Hilfe der Einrichtung zum Erkennen und/oder Aufzeichnen von akustisch wahrnehmbaren Tönen und der ermittelten Akkorde, sowie der dazu gehörenden und spielbaren Töne in ein Eingabegerät über eine elektronische Einrichtung und/oder eine Person in ein I-Pod und/oder Rechner bzw. Datenbank. Das Eingabegerät, wie Rechner und/oder I-Pod, kann das Lied erfassen und in einer Datenbank ablegen;
• 3. Mit Hilfe eines Rechners erfolgt die Ermittlung der Akkordfamilien, die in der Datenbank abgelegt sind;
• 4. Nach Ablage der Akkordfamilien in einen Ordner einer Datenbank erfolgt ein Abgleich mit gespeicherten Toninformationen, wie Melodien bzw. Musikstücke, die bereits in der Datenbank eines Rechners hinterlegt sind;
• 5. Ermittlung von einem oder mehreren, insbesondere drei, zu dem Musikstück passenden Akkorden;
• 6. Aufgrund der ermittelten Akkorde wird eine Zuordnung zu den hinterlegten Akkordfamilien erstellt (mapping);
• 7. Ausgabe und/oder Anzeige der Akkordfamilien auf einem Anzeigegerät und/oder einem Display eines Rechners;
• 8. Mit Hilfe der Akkordfamilie und aufgrund der im Speicher hinterlegten Akkorde wird die im Speicher hinterlegte Tonfolge (Musikstück) bzw. die dazu passenden Musikstücke herausgesucht und bestimmt; bzw. umgekehrt zu den Musikstücken die passenden Akkorde gefunden;
• 9. Danach folgt die Ausgabe und/oder Anzeige der bezifferten Primärlage (Bünde) und/oder der Akkordfamilien.

With the following device according to the invention and the method chord families and the associated tones can be determined. This is in the flowchart according to 4 play in the following order and numbers 1 to 11:

• 1. Device for recognizing and / or recording acoustically perceptible sounds or melodies and / or one or more, in particular three, chords with the aid of a device, such as an electronic recording device and a switched-on computer;
• 2. Manual or direct input by means of the device for detecting and / or recording acoustically perceptible sounds and the determined chords, and the corresponding and playable sounds in an input device via an electronic device and / or a person in an I-pod and / or computer or database. The input device, such as calculator and / or I-pod, can capture the song and store it in a database;
• 3. With the help of a computer, the determination of the chord families, which are stored in the database;
• 4. After storing the chord families in a folder of a database, a comparison is made with stored sound information, such as tunes or pieces of music that are already stored in the database of a computer;
• 5. determination of one or more, in particular three, chords suitable for the piece of music;
• 6. Based on the determined chords, an assignment to the stored chord families is created (mapping);
• 7. output and / or display of the chord families on a display device and / or a display of a computer;
• 8. With the help of the chord family and due to the chords stored in the memory, the sequence of notes stored in the memory (piece of music) or the matching pieces of music are selected and determined; or vice versa to the pieces of music found the appropriate chords;
• 9. This is followed by the issue and / or display of the quantified primary situation (frets) and / or the chord families.

According to a further embodiment, z. B. solo guitar are played. The display can also be done on a behind the strings of the guitar deposited display tape (an electronic device for displaying and / or playing the sounds), ie at the numbered primary position or the frets 7 A signal point lights up telling the player which string 4 he should strike and which preferred or further chords match.

Such a guitar can be used as a learning device, because the student recognizes which frets 7 he has to resort to finding the matching chord families quickly.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

contraption

2

Fretboard

3

Head with vertebra

4

string

5

web

6

fingerboard

7

Federation

8th

sliding and / or transparent template

9

chord family

10

guitar

11

corpus

Claims (5)

Contraption ( 1 ) and / or method for recognizing and / or recording acoustically perceptible sounds or melodies and / or one or more, in particular three, chords with the aid of a device, in particular an electronic recording device, with computer connected, characterized by the following features: one or more chords recognizable by a piece of music or song are input to a computer with display and / or tablet computer and / or I-pod, I-Phone; b) with the help of a computer, the chords are recognized and evaluated and / or using a database comparison with stored sound information, such as tunes or pieces of music that are already stored in the database of a computer made; c) with the help of the chords entered into the computer, an assignment to stored chord families ( 9 ) or made an electromagnetic mapping (mapping); d) for the piece of music or song piece matching or associated chords and / or the playable sounds and / or the playable sounds of a person playing the instrument pentatonic provided or displayed and / or made visible on a display device. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that on a guitar neck ( 2 ) a guitar or a box neck lute or plucked instrument or the keyboard of a keyboard or piano, in the range and / or below strings ( 4 ) of a guitar ( 10 ) or in the area of the keyboard, a display is provided, on which the playable and / or determined chords and the associated and / or playable sounds can be displayed. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the chords are detected and / or analyzed by means of a sound-recognition system operatively connected to the computer and then the output and / or display of the quantified primary position (frets 7 ) and / or the chord families ( 9 ) on a display or the guitar neck ( 2 ) associated display takes place. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the guitar neck ( 2 ) and / or within or between the frets ( 7 ) the sounds are displayed and the guitar neck ( 2 ) a displaceable and / or transparent template ( 8th ), on which all notes as well as chords with the chord families ( 9 ) are applied. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the display device is formed as an electronic device for displaying and / or playing the sounds and as a display tape behind the strings ( 4 ) the guitar ( 10 ), that on the numbered primary position or the frets ( 7 ) Has signal points which are controlled by means of the computer, correspondingly light up and indicate to the player which string he can strike and which preferred or further chords and tones match.

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