DE102011002231A1 - Opening device for filled with free-flowing or flowable substances capsules and capsules designed for this purpose - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an opening device for capsules (11) filled with free-flowing or flowable substances, in particular pharmaceutical substances, which can be positioned in the opening device, the opening device having an opening element which extends against the capsule (11) or a capsule (11). the closing closure element acts in such a way that the capsule (11) is opened.

Description

The present invention relates to an opening device for filled with free-flowing or flowable (in particular pharmaceutical substances) capsules and capsules formed therefor.

From the publication DE 102 18 997 A1 a capsule dispenser is known, with the tablets or dragees from blister packs are removed individually. For this purpose, an opening aid for the blister pack is provided, with which the blister taken, opened and the content is released. The capsule dispenser consists of a housing, on which a lid is placed, wherein lid and housing are rotatable, wherein a blade cuts the blister. An ejector finally pushes the capsule out of the blister.

In the patent DE 101 11 945 B4 There is also described a chute dispenser for opening blisters in which pharmaceutical material is packaged. The protective film is caught by a spindle and tightened by a rotary motion. Separable hard gelatin capsules are also known which allow for easier capsule partitioning whereby the capsule can be divided by the patient into two substantially large portions without loss of the drug.

There are still known application areas in which drugs or other medicinal substances are offered in large dosages, but only small amounts are required by the users and wherein after opening the large packaging of the remaining contents must be disposed of, as this by opening the Packaging has become unsterile.

In particular, bone substitute material, which is used for example in dentistry, is usually in granular form and is usually needed in very different amounts.

The object of the present invention is to develop an opening device by means of which capsules filled with liquid or free-flowing substances can be split and provided with suitable capsules.

The object is achieved with the features of the first and fifteenth protection claim.

Advantageous embodiments emerge from the subclaims.

The opening device for capsules filled with free-flowing or flowable, in particular pharmaceutical, substances which can be positioned in the opening device has at least one opening element which is movable against the capsule or a closing element closing the capsule such that the capsule is opened that the substances can get out of the capsule.

This makes it possible to dose substances that are needed for medical applications better and easier. An elaborate removal of the substances, which are usually offered in larger packaging formats, as well as their dimensions and possibly weighing omitted. The substances that are released by the novel mechanical opening of the capsules, remain sterile, which was previously not guaranteed safe. Even the unneeded material remains sterile or hygienic, because it is in the other capsules.

Preferably, the opening element against a predetermined breaking point of the capsule or against a portion of the capsule, which adjoins the predetermined breaking point, movable.

The opening element may be in the form of a plunger, which has a shaft / plunger arm and is movable in a housing along its longitudinal axis.

In this case, the plunger may be provided at one end with a tip which is pressed against the capsule or a portion of the capsule or the predetermined breaking point, whereby the capsule is opened.

According to a further variant, an internal plunger can be arranged in the capsule, against which the plunger of the device is movable, so that the internal plunger acts against the capsule in the region of its predetermined breaking point from inside and thereby separates it at the predetermined breaking point.

It is also possible that the capsule is closed by a film which is pierced by the opening element or at least partially withdrawn, so that through the thus generated opening in the capsule, the substances contained therein can escape.

To open one or more capsules are placed in a carrier. At least one capsule accommodated in the carrier can then be positioned relative to the opening element such that upon actuation of the opening element (eg plunger) the capsule is opened, thereby releasing the substances contained in the capsule. The carrier is rotatable relative to the housing or substantially horizontally to the housing, so that the capsules to be opened can be successively brought into the open position. In the opening position, a latching of the carrier should be provided which signals that the capsule is properly positioned.

The carrier preferably has trough-like recesses or chambers for the capsules, wherein the recesses have a substantially inclined plane for the secure positioning of the capsules and an opening and through the breakthrough reaches a part of the capsule to be opened or located in the capsule Substances flow.

The housing and the carrier should preferably be releasably connected to each other, wherein the housing in the region below the capsule to be opened has an opening through which the effluent from the capsule substances are executable. Furthermore, the housing is provided at its upper end with an opening through which the tappet extends and is operable.

The opening element (eg plunger) is preferably actuated to open the capsule against the restoring force of a spring, which is supported, for example, on a first contact surface on the housing and on a second contact surface on the opening element (eg plunger arm) and which preferably surrounds the opening element or its actuating element (eg plunger arm).

The carrier may be provided with a cover covering the capsules, wherein the cover has at least one recess through which the opening element can be guided during its actuation.

Furthermore, it is possible to provide on the opening device, preferably on the trough of the carrier (in particular in the region of the outlet opening of the trough), a separating edge or a separating element or a cutting edge or a cutting element on which the capsule is separated by the tappet under pressure load , The cutting element may be formed, for example, knife-like.

The capsule, which is filled with free-flowing or flowable, in particular pharmaceutical, substances, may have a predetermined breaking point or separation point, which can be broken open or severed by actuation of an opening element of an opening device.

Furthermore, it is possible that the capsule has at least one position which is penetratable by the opening element for the purpose of opening, z. B. is aufstechbar. This position may have a wall which is easier to penetrate than the wall of the capsule at other areas. In this case, since the opening element comes into contact with the substances in the capsule, it must be ensured that this is sterile if the sterility of the substances must be ensured. It is also possible to insert the capsule provided with a predetermined breaking point into a recess which is provided with a sawtooth-like profiling, so that when pressure is exerted on the capsule, it is pressed against this profiling and, in the region of the predetermined breaking point, promotes separation of the predetermined breaking point ., causing strain occurs.

This profiling can be arranged in the carrier of the capsules.

In all of the embodiments described below, the use of the term "may or may be" is synonymous with "is or preferably has" to be understood.

The carrier according to the invention in a splitting device has at least one trough-like recess (for receiving the capsules), wherein the recesses or the chambers are preferably separated from one another.

As used herein, the term "carrier" refers to a primitive or body, as the carrier is called in a splitter.

The term "well or chamber" as used herein refers to a space or area that is suitable and intended for receiving capsules.

The term "granule" or granular matter or granular medium as used herein refers to a substance or material having many small, solid particles, such as grains and / or spheres. Granules also include the term instant or instant powder, which is used synonymously in the food industry.

The carrier for the capsules according to the invention is suitable for storing and / or storing capsules filled with granules.

The capsule or the capsules can be inserted into a trough or chamber of the surface of the carrier and consist of all conventional materials and have any shape. They may be, for example, but not limited to, hemispherical, cuboid, rectangular, square, half-shaped and the like configured.

For example, small capsules may contain granules of a few milligrams. Larger capsules may, for. B. amounts in Include gram range. The capsules may contain fixed or predetermined portions of granules.

Different capsules may contain the same types of substances / granules. Different capsules may contain different types of granules. A capsule may contain various types of granules.

The carrier may be formed of or include a material such as plastic or metal. The carrier may be designed rigid or more or less flexible or flexible. In a preferred embodiment, the carrier has a cover in at least one section.

The term "cover" as used herein refers to an element or component used to cover a portion of a support surface or the entire support surface. The cover allows for safe storage of the capsules to protect them from mechanical damage. The cover may for example be made of a transparent plastic plate, glass plate, a metal plate or the like.

It is possible to connect the cover in at least a portion of the carrier with this. You can z. B. be connected to this at a central region of the carrier. In addition or instead, the cover may be connected in an edge region of the carrier with this. It may also be connected to the carrier in areas between individual chambers. A combination of these variants is also provided according to the invention. The cover may adhere to the carrier or glued to it and / or be pressed or it may also be fixed only in the middle and be rotatable to release only one capsule for splitting. The cover can cover the capsules in the carrier. It can cover the openings or outlets of the chambers or leave them free at least in sections.

To open the chambers, the cover can be partially or completely removed from the surface of the carrier. The cover can for example be deducted from the carrier or it can expose any of the individual chambers by rotation. The cover may be arranged such that it protrudes beyond at least one edge region of the carrier. Such an arrangement may advantageously allow a simple removal or mounting of the cover from the support surface. The cover can be lifted or removed, for example, with one hand.

In a preferred embodiment, only one chamber can be opened at a time.

With bags or containers conventionally used for granules, granules that were not used but were already open or in open or opened containers had to be discarded regularly because it became non-sterile when the bag was opened. By inventively provided portioning of the granules in individual capsules can be advantageously achieved that a not required for the patient portion of the present invention packaged granules for a later time to treat the same patient or another patient can be kept sterile. This can advantageously help to save both granular material and the associated, often high costs.

The granules can be removed individually. This may offer the advantage that if in one application a capsule is defective, for example mechanically damaged and / or non-sterile, another capsule can be used. Depending on the application, it may also be advantageous to have few or many capsules available without, however, having to open all at the same time.

It is possible for two or more capsules of the carriers according to the invention to be opened one behind the other in a splitting device. By inserting the carrier with the capsules in the splitting device, it is possible by a one-handed operation to split the capsules until the desired amount is available. This may be interesting for a case, for example, where the application of the granules is time-critical and / or a rapid provision of the content is required. Such a case can occur, for example, in medical applications in the surgical field. With the carrier according to the invention in a splitting device, the handling for a user can advantageously be simplified and / or time saved.

In a further preferred embodiment, the carrier has a round basic shape, but this may also have a rectangular, oval or any other meaningful shape.

As used herein, the term "chamber" means that the carrier in at least one portion is configured to include a chamber for receiving a capsule.

The chamber has a shape to record the capsules pressure-free.

The chamber is open at the bottom. The opening consists of at least two inclined planes that open in a gap from which the granules can escape after the capsules have been split.

The angle of the inclined planes may correspond to the angle of the ram of the splitter. The plunger is actuated by the pressure with a finger. A spring device can this lead back to its original position after pressing. In this case, the carrier can be turned over a hook to drive the next chamber under the plunger. So then the next capsule for splitting is in the right position.

The automatic flow or trickling of the granules can be advantageous, especially for granules for medical applications. The possible elimination of aids, such as a spatula to assist in the transfer or removal operation, can advantageously further contribute to reducing or preventing a risk of contamination. Furthermore, it may be advantageously possible to prevent distribution of the extracted or to be transferred granules outside the vessel, which is particularly advantageous for sensitive and / or valuable or expensive substances of medicine. In a further preferred embodiment, the chamber has in at least one section a coating which promotes the flowability of the granules. The term "flowability" as used herein refers to the flow behavior of the granules.

A "coating which promotes the flowability of the granulate" is advantageously selected so that it positively influences the flow behavior of the granules. For example, the coating may be or include some type of non-stick coating or the like.

If two capsules have different amounts of granules for a splitter carrier, this may be particularly advantageous in cases where the exact amount of granules needed is not known in advance for the particular application. Often then, for example in the field of surgery, it is not possible to decide what amount is necessary until the operation. Since the granules used are usually very expensive and / or sometimes only limited available, a precise portioning for each use may be important. According to the invention, this can be achieved advantageously by different degrees of filling of the capsules.

In a further preferred embodiment, at least two capsules are marked differently from one another.

The capsules may be labeled, numbered, color coded and the like. In a preferred embodiment, the capsules are numbered. The capsules can be consecutively numbered. This can be advantageous if different substances have been filled into the capsules, which should be clearly assigned in an application.

Another advantage may be that, in the case of accurate logging and / or tracking, the individual capsules should or must be uniquely assigned for the particular application.

A marking can be advantageous if, in the case of a large number of capsules and a not immediately recognizable allocation of already opened and still sealed capsules, the correct number is to be identified for the next application and subsequently opened.

In a further preferred embodiment, the granules comprise bone substitute material. For bone replacement materials, which are a special application within surgery, the carrier according to the invention provides particular advantages in a splitting device, since the granules of bone replacement materials are often required in different portion sizes.

Bone graft material is used, for example, in dentistry as a prosthetic bone material. Such implantation materials include, for example, calcified microporous copolymeric materials which are available on the market e.g. B. under the name Bioplant ^® , HRT ^® , synthetic bone alloplast, tricalcium phosphate "TCP dental" from Kasios or "Bio-Oss" from Geistlich and the like, are available.

The present invention is suitable in addition to granules for powders or other finely dispersed media for storage and / or storage. The present invention is also suitable for instant or instant powder. All advantages of the opening device with the carrier according to the invention can be achieved undiminished even with the method according to the invention.

The inventive method comprises the splitting of capsules, in particular for medical use, in a chamber with inclined planes in a carrier in a splitting device.

The present invention will be explained in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which like reference numerals designate the same or similar components, by way of example. The partially simplified figures show:

1 schematically shows a view of a first embodiment of the carrier according to the invention 9 in a splitting device 5 in the form of a circle,

2 schematically shows a plan view of the carrier according to the invention 9 and the associated cover 23 in the form of a circle,

3 schematically shows a detailed view of the individual chamber 13 filled with a capsule 11 .

4 schematically shows a detailed view of the individual chamber 13 filled with a capsule 11 that with the pestle 3 is split,

5 shows a variant in which the capsule 11 with an inner pestle 3 is provided

6 shows a variant of a capsule 11 that with a foil 11.2 is closed and by peeling off the film 11.2 is opened,

7 represents a variant of a capsule 11 that is above their top 11.S with a predetermined breaking point 11.1 is provided and an edge 11.3 has, against which here two plungers 3 to open the capsule,

8th shows a variant in which the capsule 11 by piercing with the pestle 3 is opened.

The 9 to 15 show a variant in which the capsules arranged in the carrier are moved against a stop and thereby separated at a predetermined breaking point.

It is shown in

9 the device in three-dimensional representation without inserted capsules in a first position,

10 the apparatus in three-dimensional representation without inserted capsules in a second position,

11 the device when inserting the capsules.

12 the device with inserted capsules when actuated,

13 a section of the bottom view of the device according to 12 with a still closed capsule,

14 Representation of a section of the device from below after opening a capsule,

15 Representation of a section of the device from below after emptying the capsule.

1 shows a view of the carrier according to the invention 9 in a splitting device 5 in the form of a circular plate. The carrier 9 in a splitting device 5 has chambers 13 on that with capsules 11 are filled. The carrier 9 can with the splitting device 5 be firmly connected or removable. By pushing down the plunger arm 1 in a housing 7 axially movable against the force of a return spring is movable, is a rotation mechanism 27 activates and rotates the carrier 9 in each case a rest stop, here in the form of a gripping groove 15 is formed, continue to allow the next capsule 11 under the pestle 3 arrives. The turning mechanism 27 can also by releasing the plunger arm 1 to be activated.

In 2 are the carrier 9 and the rotatable cover 23 represented with a recess of a plan view.

The carrier 9 has ten chambers here 13 on and is with three capsules 11 filled.

As in 2 it can be seen, are the capsules 11 , one each, in a chamber 13 inserted. The rotatable cover 23 has a recess 33 for the pestle 3 on. This will prevent the capsules 11 from the chambers 13 fall. It will only be the capsule 11 uncovered, which with the plunger 3 should be split. The cover 23 Can via a snap closure 25 with the carrier 9 be connected and rotatably mounted on this.

3 shows a simplified side view into a chamber 13 that with a capsule 11 is filled. The pestle 3 is centered over the capsule 11 positioned.

4 shows a simplified side view into a chamber 13 in which a capsule 11 from a pestle 3 is split. The angle of the plunger surfaces 3 and the angle of the inclined plane 21 can be almost identical.

The shape of the chamber 13 is designed so that the granules 17 after splitting unhindered out of the chamber 13 can trickle.

In 5 is shown a further embodiment. The capsule 11 can be designed so that in the capsule chamber an internal plunger 41 is available. This is in the upper and lower Area with the capsule chamber 37 connected. If now on the splitter of the plunger 3 is pressed down, then the force on the internal plunger 41 transfer. The internal plunger is over a predetermined breaking point 11.1 in the upper and lower area with the capsule chamber 37 connected. Will the internal plunger 41 Now pressed down, then break the predetermined breaking points 11.1 , the capsule 11 and the granules 17 will be released. The internal plunger 41 is with the cap or with the parts of the capsule 11 , which are disconnected, firmly connected, thus preventing the cap 39 or the separated capsule parts with the granules 17 fall out. The carrier 9 is designed in this form so that the capsule 35 in a round (trough) with a support surface and an opening at the bottom is inserted and so the pressure build-up by the plunger 3 can resist.

According to 6a to c is shown as one with a slide 11.2 closed capsule 11 by peeling off the film 11.2 is opened.

6 , Illustration a, shows the front view of the granules 17 filled capsule 11 from the direction of the film 11.2 , The capsule 11 tapers down, taking the foil 11.2 in the lower part of the capsule 11 survives. The side view is in representation b the 6 shown. The downward and laterally projecting film 11.2 can be detected with an opening element, which is not shown here, and deducted in the direction of the arrow. As shown in c 6 became the capsule 11 at its lower end by peeling off the film 11.2 open, causing the granules 17 can trickle out.

7 represents a variant of one with granules 17 filled capsule 11 that is above their top 11.S with a predetermined breaking point 11.1 is provided and an edge 11.3 has, against which here two plungers 3 to open the capsule 11 Act. The front view of a corresponding capsule 11 shows representation a and the side view the representation of the b 7 , The representation c of 7 shows the opened capsule 11 at which the top 11.S was laterally folded away by the action of the ram, not shown here, wherein the predetermined breaking point 11.1 was torn open. Now the granules 17 from the capsule 11 escape. It is also possible the capsule 11 by piercing with the pestle 3 open as it is in the sectional view according to 8th , a to c is shown. The with granules 17 filled capsule 11 sits in a chamber 13 of the carrier 9 , where the carrier 9 top with a cover 23 is provided, on which the capsule 11 is present and the chamber 13 a bottom opening 19 through which a part of the capsule 11 protrudes. In illustration a, the plunger is 3 before entering the capsule 11 shown. The pestle 3 has a tip 3.1 with barbs 3.2 and can by means of an actuating element, not shown (preferably against the restoring force of a spring) in the direction of the capsule 11 to be moved. Representation b the 8th shows that in the capsule 11 penetrated plunger 3 , If the plunger is now withdrawn, its barbs open the wall of the capsule 11 even more so that according to representation c the 8th through the opening of the capsule thus created 11 the granules 17 can escape. Emptying the capsule 11 can be accelerated according to a variant, not shown, when pressed from above a punch against the capsule. The cover 23 must then be open for the stamp.

Of course, it must be ensured that at least the area of the plunger which penetrates into the capsule is sterile.

According to another embodiment, not shown, it is possible, the capsule / n z. B. with a plunger to crush or squeeze so that it opens / n and releases the material therein.

It is possible to support this opening process by the structural design of the device. For this purpose, the trough of the carrier, in which the capsule is inserted to open, at its area which has contact with the capsule, with a z. B. sawtooth-like contour, through which, when pressure on the capsule, the opening of the capsule is favored at its lower part by a tensile stress in this area.

Furthermore, it is possible to provide on the opening device, preferably on the trough (in particular in the region of the outlet opening of the trough), a separating edge or a separating element or a cutting edge or a cutting element on which the capsule is separated under pressure load. The cutting element may be formed, for example, knife-like.

The capsule is thus separable, breakable, aufquetschbar, pierceable or aufschneidbar by the opening device, rupturable or auseinanderziehbar.

The latter variant may be that the capsule is composed of at least two parts or assembled and is opened by removing or removing at least one part or by pulling apart or pushing apart of the parts.

If, for example, two capsule parts are put together, the capsule formed therefrom can also be z. B. in a carrier with a trough with a downwardly sloping bottom can be inserted. By applying pressure to the mated portion, the capsule portions are printed toward the bottom of the well, thereby expanding the assembled capsule portions and opening the capsule. (Similar to the 3 and 4 just that instead of the Predetermined breaking point on the capsule a nested area is present).

From the 9 to 15 is a further variant of the device according to the invention can be seen in which to open the capsule no plunger, but a stop 50 is used as an opening element against which the capsule is moved upon actuation of the device with a range, whereby a predetermined breaking point of the capsule is separated and the content is emptied.

9 shows the device in three-dimensional representation without inserted capsules in a first position (starting position) and 10 in a second position (end position).

The device has a housing 7 in which an actuating pin which can be moved in the direction of the longitudinal axis 50 is arranged, which is similar to the plunger 1 in 1 , is actuated against the force of a return spring, not shown here. At his top from the case 7 projecting end, the actuating bolt has a pressure surface 50.1 on. This is used to operate with a finger of a hand H, here a thumb. The other fingers of the hand comprise the housing when actuated 7 , whereby a one-hand operation is possible.

At his the printing surface 50.1 opposite end 7.1 shows the case 7 an intermediate ring 51 on which an actuating ring 52 connects, which has a down-facing end with a first toothing 52.1 having. The teeth have first teeth 52.2 according to the number of people in the vehicle 9 existing downwardly open chambers 13 for receiving the capsules, not shown here. The teeth 52.2 each have a not designated here slope. To the actuating ring 52 closes a mating ring 53 on, the one to the first gearing 52.1 corresponding second toothing 53.1 with second teeth 53.2 having. The counter ring is with the carrier 9 connected and rotatable about the longitudinal axis A of the housing 7 stored. On the case 7 is an arm 54 attached to the carrier 9 leads around and with a stop 54 to the bottom 9.1 of the carrier 9 protrudes, but is so far apart from this that the carrier is not hindered in a rotational movement. Under the carrier 9 a vessel G is positioned.

The first and the second gearing 52.1 . 53.1 are like in 9 shown spaced apart when the actuating bolt 50 is in a non-actuated starting position. Will the actuating bolt 50 Now with the thumb of the hand H against the spring force pressed by a travel down, so come the teeth 52.1 and 53.1 in operative connection, ie the first toothing 52.1 pushes against the second gearing 53.1 , Because the second gearing 53.1 on the mating ring 53 with the carrier 9 rotatably mounted, they perform a resulting rotational movement, until the substantially perpendicular surfaces of the teeth 52.1 . 53.1 abut each other as it is in 10 is shown. 11 shows the device when inserting the capsules 11 attached to a recording ring 12 are arranged and on its underside a kind of cap 11.3 having a predetermined breaking point, wherein the closure lid 11.3 a down-facing flag 11.4 followed. The capsules 11 Now be in the chambers 13 of the carrier 9 inserted (s. 12 ). To open a capsule 11 Now, the actuating pin is pressed against the spring force down, causing the carrier 9 with the inserted capsules 11 performs a rotary change.

It is in accordance with 13 the flag 11.4 against the attack 55 moves and thereby the predetermined breaking point (not shown here) on the closure lid 11.3 separated and according to 14 swung down, causing itself in the capsules 11 Granules located 17 is released and passes into the underlying vessel G.

According to 15 has the opened capsule 11 completely emptied and the granules are in the vessel G.

Instead of a kind of cap, a tip with a predetermined breaking point can also be provided on the capsule.

The invention also serves, in particular, to repackage substances that are present in larger packagings, such as, for example, bone substitute material, in capsule form with a small filling quantity, the capsules being e.g. B. are provided with a predetermined breaking point. By opening the capsules in a suitable opening device, better dosability of smaller amounts of the substances is possible without the other substances becoming non-sterile. As a result, significant savings on the substances, in particular on bone substitute material, which is often required in small quantities, but offered in large packaging, possible.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

plunger arm

3

tappet

5

splitter

7

casing

9

carrier

9.1

bottom

11

capsules

11.1

Breaking point

11.2

foil

11.3

cap

11.4

Banner, flag

11.S

top

13

chambers

15

cross groove

17

granules

21

inclined plane

23

cover

25

snap lock

27

rotating mechanism

33

recess

37

capsule chamber

39

cap

41

internal plunger

50

actuator

50.1

print area

51

intermediate ring

52

actuating ring

52.1

first gearing

52.2

first teeth

53

counter ring

53.1

second gearing

53.2

second teeth

54

poor

55

attack

A

axis

G

vessel

H

hand

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 10218997 A1 [0002]
• DE 10111945 B4 [0003]

Claims (15)

Opening device for filled with free-flowing or flowable, in particular pharmaceutical, substances filled capsules ( 11 ), which are positionable in the opening device, wherein the opening device has an opening element, which against the capsule ( 11 ) or the capsule ( 11 ) firing closure element acts such that the capsule ( 11 ) is opened. Opening device according to claim 1, characterized in that the opening element against a predetermined breaking point ( 11.1 ) of the capsule ( 11 ) or against a region of the capsule ( 11 ) which adjoins the predetermined breaking point ( 11.1 ), is relatively movable. Opening device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the opening element in the form of a plunger ( 3 ) is formed, which a shaft / tappet arm ( 1 ) and in a housing ( 7 ) is movable along its longitudinal axis. and that the pestle ( 3 ) at one end a tip ( 3.1 ), which against the capsule ( 11 ) / the predetermined breaking point ( 11.1 ) or through the capsule / the predetermined breaking point ( 11.1 ) is depressible. Opening device according to one of claims 1 to 34, characterized in that in the capsule an internal plunger ( 41 ) is arranged, against which the plunger ( 3 ) is movable, so that the internal plunger ( 41 ) from the inside against the capsule ( 11 ) and this at the predetermined breaking point ( 11.1 ) separates. Opening device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that this a stop ( 50 ) against which the openable region of the capsule is movable, whereby the capsule is opened at the predetermined breaking point. Opening device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that one or more capsules ( 11 ) in a carrier ( 9 ) are arranged and one in the carrier ( 9 ) received capsule ( 11 ) so to the pestle ( 3 ) is positionable that the plunger ( 3 ) the capsule ( 11 ) and thereby in the capsule ( 11 ) are released. Opening device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the carrier ( 9 ) relative to the housing ( 7 ) rotatable or substantially horizontal to the housing ( 7 ) is displaceable. Opening device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the carrier ( 9 ) trough-like recesses ( 21 ) or chambers ( 13 ) for the capsules ( 11 ) and that this is a substantially inclined plane ( 21.1 ) and a breakthrough ( 21.2 ) exhibit. Opening device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the housing ( 7 ) and the carrier ( 9 ) are connectable to each other. Opening device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the housing ( 7 ) at its lower end an opening ( 19 ), through which the from the capsule ( 11 ) outflowing substances are executable. Opening device according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the housing ( 7 ) at its upper end an opening ( 19.1 ), through which the plunger arm ( 1 ) is operable, wherein the plunger ( 3 ) and the tappet arm ( 1 ) preferably against the restoring force of a spring ( 29 ) to open the capsules ( 11 ) are operable. Opening device according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the housing ( 7 ) on its inside a first contact surface ( 7.1 ) and the plunger ( 3 ) on its tappet arm ( 1 ) a second contact surface ( 1.1 ) and that the spring ( 29 ) at the contact surfaces ( 7.1 and 1.1 ) and that the spring ( 29 ) surrounds the plunger arm. Opening device according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the carrier ( 9 ) with one of the capsules ( 11 ) concealing cover ( 23 ) is providable, the cover ( 23 ) a recess ( 33 ), through which the plunger ( 3 ) is feasible when actuated. Opening device according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the capsule is separable by a force acting on this opening device, aufziehbar, breakable, aufquetschbar or cut open against a cutting or separating element / can be torn open. Capsule ( 11 ), which is filled with free-flowing or flowable, in particular pharmaceutical, substances, wherein the capsule ( 11 ) a predetermined breaking point ( 11.1 ), which is breakable by actuation of an opening element of an opening device.

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