DE102011008853A1 - Light-conducting component for buildings and buildings as well as manufacturing processes therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

Light-conducting component, in particular prefabricated concrete part in the form of a brick, for buildings and buildings, the component being produced in a casting mold by pouring into at least one cast building material and the light-guiding body (1) being made of a light-conducting building material, e.g. B. PMMA plastic or glass is formed, which is accessible at least at two positions on the outer surface of the light-conducting component for the light coupling (8) and light coupling (9), the light-guiding body (1) as a self-supporting 2D or 3D Lattice body (1) made of bars (2, 3) with a thickness / diameter greater than 1 mm, the self-supporting 2D or 3D lattice body (1) having approximately the same or only slightly smaller width (B) or length (L), or floor plan dimensions (B, L), or overall external dimensions (B, L, H) than the casting mold itself. The object of the present invention is therefore to further develop a component, in particular a prefabricated concrete part in the form of a brick, for buildings and buildings in such a way that this is essential can be produced faster and more cost-effectively.

Description

The present invention relates to a light-conducting component, in particular precast concrete part in the form of a brick, for buildings and buildings, and to manufacturing method, according to the preamble of the independent claim 1 and 7.

Such light-conducting components are numerous known from the prior art, such. B. from the DE 9310500 U1 , of the WO 03/097954 A1 , as well as the EP 1305159 A1 ,

However, all light-conducting components of the aforementioned prior art have the serious disadvantage that several glass fibers or glass fiber bundles are poured into concrete, which do not remain at the intended location during the pouring of the concrete and, if necessary, be damaged.

The DE 102007013199 A1 Therefore, provides a multi-layer composite component whose multiple layers of concrete and insulation material are interspersed by a rigid light guide, which is stationary by means of storage in the multiple layers when pouring the concrete into the mold, and remains dimensionally stable and undamaged.

However, the disadvantage here is that always several layers are required with receptacles for the flexurally rigid light guide body, so that the entire multilayer composite component is relatively labor-intensive and cost-intensive to manufacture.

Object of the present invention is therefore to provide a component in particular precast concrete in the form of a brick for buildings and buildings starting from the DE 102007013199 A1 in such a way that it can be made much faster and cheaper.

To achieve the object serve the features of independent claim 1 and 7, wherein advantageous developments are the subject of the dependent claims.

In the center of the invention is the finding that the Lichtleitstifte according to the technical teaching of claim 1 to fix as cost-effective as possible in a support mat to achieve a simple and cost-effective installation of a light guide.

For this purpose, the invention provides various embodiments, all of which are claimed as essential to the invention.

In a first embodiment, it is claimed that the light guide pins are produced in one piece of material in an injection molding tool together with a light guide body designed as a grid mat. This means that in an injection molding die, the injection molding compound consists of a light-conducting plastic and in a - preferably - single injection molding a flat support mat consisting of intersecting and cohesively connected longitudinal and transverse bars is present at the intersection of which projecting in the vertical direction thereof Lichtleitstifte are sprayed.

For a particularly simple production of an integral part is accomplished, because this part is inserted in a further operation in a mold and optionally initially provided with a one-sided or double-sided insulation and / or reinforcement and then poured with a curable potting compound, so that to each other opposite flat sides of the plate thus produced only the light-receiving and light-emitting end sides of the Lichtleitstifte are recognizable.

This ensures a simple and cost-effective production of mutually spaced and mutually parallel Lichtleitstiften because they are integrated in a grid mat.

There are various possibilities for the production of the grid mat, all of which are included in the spirit of the present invention:
In a first embodiment it is provided that the lattice mat produced by injection molding consists of longitudinal and transverse bars intersecting in a single plane, between which apertures are present, wherein the Lichtleitstifte are molded at the intersections of the lattice mat thus prepared and their longitudinal extent is perpendicular to Level of the grid mat extends.

In a second embodiment it is provided that the grid mat also consists of in a plane intersecting longitudinal and transverse bars, but the Lichtleitstifte are not molded in the intersection of the longitudinal and transverse bars, but in the openings between the intersecting longitudinal and crossbars.

In a third embodiment, it is provided that a two-stage injection molding process takes place in which first a grid body or a support mat is produced in a first step and in a second step, the light guide pins at selected points (either at the intersections of a grid mat or the openings of a - preferably not as a latticework trained - support mat or a lattice train forming grid mat) the Lichtleitstifte be molded.

Significant features here are that the light guide body of a light-conducting building material (eg PMMA plastic or glass) is designed as a self-supporting 2D or 3D grid body of bars with thickness / diameter greater than or equal to 1 mm, wherein the self-supporting 2D or 3D grid body has approximately the same or only slightly smaller width B, or length L, or ground plan dimensions B × L or overall dimensions B × L × H, than the mold itself in which the light-conducting component was produced.

Accordingly, a molded article with embedded Lichtleitstiften is proposed. The molded body can be designed as a facade panel, masonry stone or as a Innenausbauplatte.

If it is dispensed with a cast-in insulation, the support mat is poured with the integrally formed Lichtleitstiften with a curing potting compound. In this case, only one base layer is present. However, if an internal insulation (one-sided or two-sided) applied to the support mat during manufacture, then this insulation is referred to as a facing layer.

It is preferred if the facing layer and / or the supporting layer consists of wood composites, mineral casting compounds, polymer concrete, clays, limestones, gypsum, loam, plastic masses and similar curable materials.

Hereinafter, as a possible embodiment described that the support layer (also referred to as "matrix" hereinafter) consists of a foamed plastic and thus can be made low Innenausbauplatten.

Here it is preferred if the matrix consists of a polymer material with a density of less than 2000 kg / m3.

By arranging the light guide pins in the molded body, light from a light source can be directed from one side of the molded body to another arbitrary side surface. Preferably, the light guide pins are arranged substantially parallel and the ends enter or exit in two opposite, substantially parallel surfaces. Preferably, the shaped bodies are cuboid and have a thickness in the range of 10 to 600 mm. Through the light guide pins, light can be directed from one side to the other side of the plates. Due to the arrangement of the Lichtleitstifte also patterns can be introduced.

The number of light guide pins depends on the desired use. It depends essentially on the transmission coefficient of the pins and the cross-section covered by the emerging light guide pins. As a rule, 5 to 90% by volume, in particular 5 to 50% by volume, of optical guide pins, based on the molded article, are used.

Suitable light guide pins in the injection molding or die casting processable plastic materials made of special organic polymers, such as polymethacrylate, polycarbonate or polystyrene into consideration. The attenuation factors are very low in the visible and near infrared spectral range, for example below 3 dB / km at 850 nm wavelength.

The light waveguide designed as a light guide rod can also be constructed from different materials. In this case, it has a core with a 1 to 2% greater refractive index than the cladding material.

According to the invention, the matrix of the shaped body consists of a polymer material having a density of less than 2000 kg / m 3, preferably less than 1200 kg / m 3. Due to their low weight, they are particularly suitable for suspended ceilings. However, the matrix is particularly preferably formed from a polymer foam. As a result, not only the weight of the molding is reduced, but at the same time significantly improves the sound and thermal insulation properties. The density of the polymer foam is preferably in the range of 10 to 200 g / l, more preferably in the range of 15 to 100 g / l.

The polymer foam may be composed of a particle foam, for example of expandable polystyrene (EPS) or polyolefin particle foams, for example of expanded polypropylene (EPP).

The advantage here is that the self-supporting 2D or 3D grid body - or more generally: the support mat - even without further aids during pouring of the mold with cast material stationary stabilizing applied to at least one inner wall of the mold or creates and thereby even in the mold during the pouring of the casting material substantially in its originally inserted into the mold position holds.

The self-supporting 2D or 3D grid body or support mat with the same or only slightly smaller footprint than the mold is z. B. placed on the bottom of the mold so that it only has contact with the bottom of the mold. Subsequently, the curing potting compound in the form of a cast building material (eg., Concrete) in the Mold poured from above, so that the self-supporting 2D or 3D grid body remains stable in itself, but slightly shifts towards an inner side wall of the mold and there locational stabilizing applies. Of course, the self-supporting 2D or 3D grid body can of course move into a corner of the mold, so that it then bears stationary on two adjacent inner side walls.

In particular, from one or more of the outer surfaces of the self-supporting 2D or 3D grid body or the support mat, rigid light guide pins with a thickness / diameter greater than 1 mm protrude, which can then be supported on the inner side walls of the casting mold. This rigid light guide pins are preferably made in a single step cohesively with the 2D or 3D grid body, z. B. by injection molding of light-conducting plastic (PMMA) or glass.

The shape and cross-section of the self-supporting 2D or 3D grid body, its light-conducting longitudinal and transverse bars, but also the outwardly bending rigid light guide pins are completely arbitrary, with a round or oval or polygonal cross section of the bars and pins of self-supporting 2D or 3D Grid body is preferred.

Furthermore, it is preferred that the bending-resistant light guide pins projecting outwards from the self-supporting 2D or 3D grid body are arranged at the crossing points of the bars of the self-supporting 2D or 3D grid body and preferably perpendicular thereto, but also at any angle other than 90 ° in particular between +/- 45 °. This offers the further advantage of optimum light control and lighting design for a freely selectable light graphic on the outside of the finished light-conducting component according to the invention.

Furthermore, these self-supporting 2D or 3D grid body vertically and / or horizontally mechanically stable coupled to each other before they are poured in the mold with cast material, wherein after coupling the self-supporting 2D or 3D grid body with each other pass light or not light forward, depending on the application.

After the casting material has hardened, the raw component is subsequently removed from the casting mold and treated on at least some of its surfaces in such a way that the light-conducting longitudinal and / or transverse bars of the self-supporting 2D or 3D grid body and / or the outwardly protruding one rigid light guide pins are visible on the outside of the finished component. This surface treatment may be mechanical grinding, sand or water blasting, or chemical etching or a combination thereof.

In principle, it is a matter of making an optical fiber mat or carrier mat by injection molding, and then inserting this optical fiber mat into a mold which is poured with cast material (eg, concrete) so that the whole Lattice of the light guide mat mat is surrounded by the casting material.

Thus, the optical fiber mat is embedded in the casting material, and after pouring the mold hardens this potting compound.

Thereafter, the cast body thus produced is taken out and ground so as to provide surfaces accessible from the light.

There are various modifications (embedding of LED's, frontal connection of LED's, bottom-side connection of LED's) or various embodiments of the light guide rods and the connecting webs. An advantageous method according to the invention works as follows: In this method, a PMMA mat is produced by injection molding. The injection molding machine has two mutually opposite mold halves, which form a parting line between them. In the opposite mold inserts (on the nozzle and the ejector) suitable injection molds are installed, which are symmetrical to each other. When form-fitting the two mold halves, the central support mat or grid mat is then sprayed in a single operation and at the same time arranged perpendicular to the plane of the support or grid mat light guide pins.

In another embodiment, a perforated support mat (or grid mat) is inserted into the parting plane between the - still open - mold halves. After the positive connection only the Lichtleitstäbe be injected into the openings of the carrier or grid mat. Advantage of the latter method is that you can choose the material of the grid or support mat differently from the material of the Lichtleitstifte and thereby also can use bendable grid or support mats, to which the Lichtleitstifte be injected below.

This is placed in a formwork with a height of 3.5 cm and concreted in the flood process, or poured out with other materials.

Due to the fiber mat, these are 35 mm high rods which by means of a cross bar are connected, it is ensured that they can always be formed straight and in the same grid.

Inserting or inserting knitted fabrics or optical fiber mats as hitherto known was not necessary, since this lattice is inherently stable and fixed.

It produces translucent plates that are no longer cut.

These plates are only surface treated. The production size is at least 0.5 m ² , the max. Size is variable.

The diameter of the visible PMMA surface is variable, from 1 mm to any. The height of the PMMA rods is variable. The height is unrestricted.

If required, these individual PMMA grids are connected to a larger surface by means of special hooks, so that the impact is not visible in the larger area.

The cross bars can also be variable in height. This makes sense, especially with tall grids.

It has been stated above that it is preferred to provide a grid mat of intersecting longitudinal and transverse bars, wherein in the same or in an adjoining injection molding process, the light guide pins protruding therefrom in the vertical direction are injection-molded.

In another embodiment of the invention, it may be provided that the longitudinal and transverse bars are not in the same plane, but in two different levels. In this way, for example, the longitudinal bars extending longitudinally would be arranged above the transverse bars laid perpendicular thereto, and the connecting surfaces between the intersecting longitudinal and transverse bars would then be respectively at the underside of the longitudinal bar and at the upper side of the transverse bar.

Of course, the other embodiment is possible in which the longitudinal bars are arranged above the transverse rods in two different planes.

In a further embodiment of the invention it is provided that a support mat is provided, which consists of a plastic material.

The term carrier mat is understood to mean all plastic surface elements which are to be bendable or not bendable.

The invention therefore comprises flexible and non-deflectable carrier mats, the simpler description of which is assumed hereafter only by a flexible carrier mat.

Such a bendable support mat consists z. B. of a polyurethane foam, a rubber or other elastomeric material.

According to the invention, a multiplicity of raster-shaped openings are provided in this support mat, which openings are preferably designed as round through-holes. However, the invention is not limited thereto. There may be any shaped breakthroughs such. As well as rectangular or square through holes.

It is important now that such a support mat is placed in an injection mold and the Lichtleitstifte be injected from the aforementioned photoconductive plastic in the openings of the support mat.

Thus, the support mat is merely a holding matrix for receiving the injected by injection molding Lichtleitstifte, where it is not necessary that all Lichtleitstifte enforce all openings.

It suffices to arrange the Lichtleitstifte at certain intervals in rows and columns in the openings of the support mat and also leave the same or differently shaped breakthroughs later to ensure when inserting the finished support mat with the molded thereon Lichtleitstiften that the curable Potting compound penetrates through the openings in the support mat and so well anchored the support mat in the curable potting compound.

If one uses - as previously described - a bendable support mat, it is now possible for the first time to produce curved plate-shaped light plates, because with the given technical teaching not only straight - in one plane extending - plate elements can be produced, but also in two Planes or three levels curved space elements.

The carrier mat occupied with the light guide pins can be bent into any desired shape, whereby only a round shape is assumed based on the later embodiments, so that sleeve-like hollow elements can be produced in which the light guide pins point radially inwards with their light-receiving end faces and the opposite Front side of the respective Lichtleitstiftes radially outward points.

With such sleeve-shaped Lichtleitkörpern thus columns and other round elements in the interior or exterior of buildings can be dressed and then give a unique impression of form, because the Lichtleitstäbe can, for. B. are illuminated by an internal, hidden light source and emit their light radially outward.

In the following the invention will be described by way of example by means of figures.

It shows:

1 : Top view of a self-supporting 2D grating body according to the invention with light guide pins protruding 90 ° upwards and downwards;

2 : Front view on 1 ;

3 : Section along the arrows DD the 1 by the longitudinally and widthwise extending bars of the self-supporting 2D grid body;

4 : Section along the arrows CC the 1 only by the longitudinally extending bars of the self-supporting 2D grid body;

5 : perspective view of the grid body

6 : enlarged view of a connecting element;

6 : enlarged view of a side surface of the grid body with integrally formed connecting element;

7 : Detail 8 off 2 ;

8th : Detail 6 off 3 ;

9 : Detail 7 off 4

10 : Detail 5 off 1

11 : the top view on one opposite 1 modified grid body;

12 : Cut to CC in 11

13 : Cut to AA in 11

14 : Cut to BB in 11

15 : Detail 1 after 11

16 : Detail 2 after 13

17 : Detail 3 after 14

18 : Detail 4 after 12

19 : Perspective view of a reinforced grid body

20 : the grid body after 11 to 18 with a reinforcement mat

21 : Detail 5 after 18

22 : Cut DD in 11

23 : Top view of a third embodiment of a grid body

24 : Cut to AA in 23

25 : Cut BB in 23

26 : Cut CC in 23

27 : Detail 1 off 24

28 : Detail 3 off 25

29 : Detail 2 off 23

30 : Detail 4 off 27

31 : Cut DD in 23

32 : Perspective view of the grid body before insertion of the reinforcement

33 : the grid body after 32 with inserted reinforcement

34 : enlarged sectional view through a grid body after 19

35 : the grid body after 34 after incorporation of an insulation and potting with a hardening potting compound.

36 : Perspective view of a grid body with subsequently molded-on light guide pins

37 : one opposite 36 modified versions

38 : A perspective view of a support mat with injected light guide pins

39 : Cut AA through the arrangement 38

40 : Representation of the bendability of one after the 38 and 39 produced light-conducting body

41 : A schematic representation of a provided with light guide grid or support mat in which certain laser light guide pins are melted off to prevent their light conduction;

42 : the representation of the mold in the first process step;

43 the insertion of the grid body into the mold after the second process step;

44 : the finished pouring of the grid body in the mold after the third process step;

45 - 50 : the representation of different profile shapes of the light guide pins

The self-supporting 2D grid body according to the invention 1 of the 1 - 8th is made in a single manufacturing process of a single material, for. B. by injection molding (PMMA) or generally in the casting process (glass).

The self-supporting 2D grid body according to the invention 1 has longitudinal bars 2 in the longitudinal direction L and in the width direction B transversely thereto and thus cohesively connected cross bars 3 , At these crossing points of the longitudinal and transverse bars 2 and 3 are up and down at 90 ° angle in height direction H projecting light guide pins 4 and 5 formed integrally, so that a total of a 3D grid body is formed, which has a length L, width B and height H, which are only slightly smaller than the dimensions (L, B and H) or the floor plan (L and B) Mold. At the crossing points of the light guide pins 4 and 5 with the longitudinal and transverse bars 2 and 3 are therefore light-conducting connecting surfaces 6 and 7 available.

Because the longitudinal and transverse bars 2 and 3 are approximately cylindrical in cross-section and have about 4 mm in diameter, and the Lichtleitstifte 4 and 5 conical from the longitudinal and transverse bars 2 and 3 taper from the free end of about 4.5 mm to about 4 mm at a jacket angle of about 1.64 °, the connecting surfaces run 6 and 7 arcuate and contact each other light-conducting approximately in the middle of the longitudinal and transverse bars 2 and 3 ie in the middle of the entire 2D or 3D grid body 1 ,

This is best in 8th recognizable. This is a direct light line from below through the lower Lichtleitstifte 5 in the direction of light 8th in the upper light guide pins 4 in the direction of light 9 possible without much light in the longitudinal and transverse bars 2 and 3 is directed. The main direction of the light pipe is therefore of 8th to 9 in the light guide pins 4 and 5 , A secondary direction of the light pipe transversely to the longitudinal and transverse bars 2 and 3 , The ratio of main direction to secondary direction of the light pipe can be set arbitrarily by means of the diameter ratios between longitudinal and transverse bars 2 and 3 , as well as light guide pins 4 and 5 ,

As an example, here is a grid of about 12.5 mm of the longitudinal and transverse bars 2 and 3 shown, so that thus a clear distance between adjacent Lichtleitstifte 4 and 5 of about 8.5 mm results.

As the light guide pins 4 and 5 about 15.5 mm from the longitudinal and transverse bars 2 and 3 out of 90 ° in height direction H, the longitudinal and transverse bars 2 and 3 4 mm in diameter, results in a total height H of the 3D grid body 1 of 35 mm.

The self-supporting 2D or 3D grid body ( 1 ) outwardly bending rigid light guide pins ( 4 . 5 ) are at the crossing points of the bars ( 2 . 3 ) of the self-supporting 2D or 3D grid body ( 1 ) are arranged and are preferably perpendicular thereto, but also at any angle other than 90 °, in particular between +/- 45 °.

Multiple self-supporting 2D or 3D grid bodies ( 1 ) can be vertically and / or horizontally mechanically stable with each other via coupling elements ( 10 ), after coupling the self-supporting 2D or 3D grid body ( 1 ) forward light to each other. In another embodiment, it is provided that the coupling elements are formed non-light-conducting, but only the mechanical composite of the individual support mats ( 40 ) serve.

In 1 to 10 are the coupling elements 10 shown, with which a mechanical preferably light-conducting coupling between a plurality of vertically and / or horizontally adjacent self-supporting 2D or 3D grid bodies 1 can be done.

The 1 to 10 make it clear that it is beneficial to an intersecting longitudinal and transverse bars 2 . 3 existing grid mat used as a support mat 40 is formed, in a single operation by 90 ° of upwardly and downwardly projecting Lichtleitstifte 4 . 5 to mold.

The 11 to 19 show as a second embodiment, a grid body 1 in which the intersecting longitudinal and transverse bars 2 . 3 no longer a middle level in the form of a support mat 40 form. Rather, that's out of the carrier mat 40 formed connection plane for the light guide pins 4 . 5 by an offset 14 offset downwards ( 17 ). This is the upper light guide pins 4 longer than the lower light guide pins 5 and in by the offset 14 resulting additional surface space may be a reinforcing mat 33 be inserted, as in the 20 and 21 is shown. This is also in 32 and 33 , as in 34 and 35 shown and described.

The 23 to 33 also show that instead of a support mat with intersecting longitudinal and transverse bars now more a plate-shaped, smooth support mat 40 is used on the top of the Lichtleitstifte 4 are formed.

It is not shown graphically, that also on the bottom more light guide pins 5 can be arranged, which are either light-conducting with the upper light guide pins 4 connected or not. In the latter case, the lower light guide pins 5 in other places at the bottom of the carrier mat 40 be formed, as comparatively arranged on the top of Lichtleitstifte 4 ,

In the general description it has also been pointed out that, according to a development of the invention, it is also sufficient first to provide a support mat 40 from intersecting longitudinal and transverse bars 2 . 3 and then in a second operation, the Lichtleitstifte 4 . 5 either at the intersection points or the openings of the lattice mat thus produced.

The 34 and 35 show, compared to the 20 and 32 more precisely, that it is provided in a development of the invention, the grid body with the intersecting longitudinal and transverse bars 2 . 3 or the carrier mat 40 to be provided with an additional reinforcement.

According to 34 can in the spaces between the light guide pins 4 . 5 reinforcing bars 11 are inserted, which consist in a preferred embodiment of the usual structural steel and also for conventional concrete work in the size and the material design of the commonly used Armierungsstäben 11 correspond.

These become loose in the spaces between the light guide pins 4 inserted and later according to 35 either with a (heat-insulating) insulation 18 overlaid or equal to the entire surface with the potting compound 19 filled.

The 34 shows as a further embodiment, that in addition to the parallel laid Armierungsstäben 11 Also, a latticework of Armierungsstäben can be used, wherein the parallel laid Armierungsstäbe 11 still with reinforcing bars extending perpendicularly to it 17 a conventional reinforcement mat 33 form, as is customary as Baustahlgewebe in concrete construction.

In this case, it is preferred if the reinforcing rods 11 . 17 in the longitudinal center plane 12 are arranged of the grid body thus produced, because there is the best reinforcement. It is then envisaged that the connection plane of the support mat 40 with the intersecting longitudinal and transverse bars 2 . 3 is offset down and one component level 13 make up the offset 14 down from the middle plane 12 is offset. This is in 17 and 34 shown. In this way it is ensured that the reinforcement 11 . 17 exactly in the middle longitudinal plane of the grid body or the carrier mat thus produced 40 is arranged.

The 34 also shows the light pipe in the embodiment of the grid body in the event that the longitudinal and transverse bars are made of a photoconductive plastic.

There it is shown that in the direction of the arrow 8th entering light in the direction of the arrow 15 at the crossing points of the longitudinal and transverse bars 2 . 3 is deflected, briefly by the longitudinal bar 2 or the perpendicular thereto subsequent longitudinal bar 3 goes through and then in the direction of the arrow 16 in the material cross section of the adjoining Lichtleitstiftes 4 is initiated.

Thus, the luminous efficacy of such a grating body is substantially improved, because it comes to a scattered light entry of parallel juxtaposed light guide pins 4 . 5 where the light is from a light guide pin 4 . 5 over the arrow directions 15 . 16 in the light guide pin arranged parallel thereto 4 . 5 is registered.

As stated above, however, the invention is not limited thereto.

It can also be provided that the longitudinal and transverse bars are formed from a non-permeable or only opaque material.

The 35 further shows that after attaching a reinforcement with the reinforcing bars 11 and / or a combination of reinforcing bars 11 and 17 it is preferred, first a layer of insulation 18 pour into the mold, this insulation 18 made of a thermally insulating material. This may be an intumescent material, such. B a polyurethane foam act or even glass fiber mats or other insulating materials. These then form an attachment layer.

After installation of the insulation 18 Then, the entire grid body can be poured in a sheet-like element, wherein the curable potting compound 19 above and below form the areal limitations of the grid body.

The 36 shows in a modification to 34 and 35 in that according to the invention it is also possible to use a carrier mat 40 although as a grid body 1 according to the preceding drawings 1 to 33 form, but that it can also be provided, the longitudinal and transverse bars 2 . 3 to arrange in two different levels to each other.

Here then can the light guide pins 4 . 5 in a separate operation or in the same operation at the crossing points 20 the longitudinal and transverse pins are molded.

If the longitudinal and transverse bars 2 . 3 consist of a photoconductive material, then no further preparation is required. It is thus in two different operations a photoconductive support mat 40 with molded-on light guide pins 4 . 5 produced.

Pass the light-conducting longitudinal bars 2 . 3 However, from a non-photoconductive or only a little light-conducting material, then it is useful in the crossing points 20 the intersecting longitudinal and transverse bars 2 . 3 To install holes and through these holes through the light guide pins 4 . 5 inject. In the 36 shown light guide pins 4 , which are sharpened above, can also be down by down-molded fiber optic pins 5 be continued ( 36 ).

The 37 shows an alternative embodiment, from which it can be seen that it is not necessary for the solution, the light guide pins 4 . 5 in the area of crossing points 20 to install. This figure shows that the light guide pins 4 . 5 in the interstices 21 between the intersecting longitudinal and transverse bars 2 . 3 are injected.

The 38 shows as a further embodiment that it is for the production of a support mat 40 also sufficient, first a perforated mat 22 to produce from any material of any kind.

The simpler description because of a hole mat below 22 described, which consists of a bendable, elastomeric plastic, the z. B. may be formed as a rubber mat, rubber mat or polyurethane mat. Such a perforated mat 22 but can also be designed as a (plastic) film mat with a relatively small wall thickness, because it is sufficient in this perforated mat 22 a variety of through holes 23 or any shaped breakthroughs to install.

The shape of the through holes 23 is arbitrary. They can be round, square or square or hexagonal.

As the 38 shows, such a perforated mat 22 placed in an injection mold, and then in a single injection molding process through the through holes 23 the perforated mat 22 the light-conducting light guide pins 4 . 5 injected.

In this case, it is preferable if, for a better anchoring of the light guide pins, they have radially outwardly directed collars 24 the through hole 23 over a secure fixation in the area of the perforated mat 22 to reach, 39 ,

The 40 shows that such from a perforated mat 22 Made of carrier mat 40 with anchored therein light guide pins 4 . 5 can be bent in any shape.

The 40 shows here a semicircular curved shape, but also fully curved shapes can be used, so that for the first time self-contained sleeve-shaped or hollow cylindrical body can be bent, which then later by inserting into an injection mold to a sleeve-shaped or hollow cylindrical wall, ceiling or cladding element are formed, which radially projecting from the inside outward Lichtleitstifte 5 . 4 wearing.

The 41 further shows that it is with a laser beam 25 is possible, on the, produced according to the preceding embodiments, grid body 1 or a support mat 40 certain light-emitting end faces 31 of light guide pins 4 . 5 to render ineffective for a passage of light. Here are the light-emitting or light-absorbing end faces 31 from the laser beam 25 fused by this in the arrow directions 26 in the form of a burning trace 27 a certain letter combination or a symbol burns in and so the light-absorbing or light-emitting end faces 31 the light guide rods 4 . 5 merges so that at the merged end faces no light passage is given. It is therefore a laser writer, the first before casting the grid body or the support mat in a curing potting certain symbols from the light-emitting and / or lichtaufnehmenden end faces of the Lichtleitstifte 4 . 5 branding.

The 41 also shows that a grid mat made in this way in any Biegerungen 28 can be bent two- or three-dimensionally. The 42 to 44 schematically show the formation of the mold 29 where it can be seen that on the ground 32 the mold 29 first the curable potting compound 19 is poured in and before their curing of the grid body produced by the previous method 1 . 22 . 40 in the not yet cured potting compound 19 is pressed in, so he has a design according to 43 receives.

It can then do the reinforcement according to the 34 and 35 and possibly also an insulation are introduced, in order then the in 43 half produced grid body still completely with the potting compound 19 pour out, so that so that a bendable or non-bendable surface element is made.

The light-emitting or light-emitting end faces 31 the light guide pins are then exposed.

The 45 to 50 show different possible profile shapes of the light guide pins 4 . 5 , in which 45 a round profile, 46 a semicircular profile and 47 show an oval profile.

The 48 shows a square or rectangle profile while the 49 shows a diamond shape. The 50 shows that the light guide pins 4 . 5 may also be configured disc-shaped straight or disc-shaped.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Self-supporting 2D or 3D grid body

2

Light conducting longitudinal bars of 1

3

Light conducting cross bars of 1

4

90 ° upward projecting light guide pins

5

90 ° downwardly projecting light guide pins

6

Light conductive connecting surfaces between 2 and 4

7

Light conductive connecting surfaces between 2 and 5

8th

Direction of entering light

9

Direction of leaking light

10

coupling elements

L

= Length of 1

B

= Width of 1

H

= Height of 1

11

reinforcement bar

12

midplane

13

component level

14

offset

15

arrow

16

arrow

17

reinforcement bar

18

insulation

19

potting compound

20

intersection

21

gap

22

hole mat

23

Through Hole

24

collar

25

laser beam

26

arrow

27

lighted track

28

bending direction

29

mold

30

arrow

31

front sides

32

Ground (from 29 )

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

40

support mat

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 9310500 U1 [0002]
• WO 03/097954 A1 [0002]
• EP 1305159 A1 [0002]
• DE 102007013199 A1 [0004, 0006]

Claims (14)

Light-conducting component in the form of a brick or façade or interior trim panel, for buildings and buildings, in a mold ( 29 ) is produced by pouring at least one curing potting compound and the light guide body ( 1 ) From a light-conducting building material, for. B. PMMA plastic or glass, is formed, characterized in that the light guide body ( 1 . 22 ) consists of an injection-molded or die-cast part which consists of a flat carrier mat ( 1 . 22 . 40 ), on whose upper and / or lower side aligned, light-conducting Lichtleitstifte ( 4 . 5 ) are formed whose end faces ( 32 ) are formed light-absorbing or light-emitting. Light-conducting component according to claim 1, characterized in that the flat carrier mat ( 40 ) as a grid bar mat of intersecting and interconnected transverse and longitudinal bars ( 2 . 3 ) consists. Light-conducting component according to claim 1, characterized in that the support mat ( 40 ) as a perforated mat ( 22 ) is trained. Light-conducting component according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the support mat ( 1 . 22 . 40 ) consists of a photoconductive material. Optical component according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the support mat ( 1 . 22 . 40 ) consists of a bendable material. Light-conducting component according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the light guide pins ( 4 . 5 ) as a light-conducting pin to the material of the support mat ( 1 . 22 . 40 ) are formed at least on one side. Light-conducting component according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the rigid light guide pins ( 4 . 5 ) preferably in a single step cohesively with the 2D or 3D grid body ( 1 ) are prepared, for. B. by injection molding of light-conducting plastic (PMMA) or glass. Light-conducting component according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the cross section of the light-conducting rods ( 2 . 3 ) and the outwardly bending rigid light guide pins ( 4 . 5 ) is circular or oval or polygonal. Light-conducting component according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that on the surface of the support mat ( 1 . 22 . 40 ) in the space between the light guide pins ( 4 or 5 ) at least on one side reinforcing rods ( 11 . 17 ) or at least one reinforcement mat ( 33 ) are inserted. A light-conducting component according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that at least on one surface of the support mat ( 1 . 22 . 40 ) a thermal insulation ( 18 ) is applied. Production method of the light-conducting component according to one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the following steps are carried out: a) a carrier mat ( 1 . 22 . 40 ) is placed in the mold ( 29 ) placed; b) then the curable potting compound ( 19 ) in the mold z. B. poured from above; c) after hardening of the potting compound ( 19 ), the raw component is then removed from the casting mold ( 29 taken); d) on at least some of its surfaces, the raw component is treated so that the end faces ( 32 ) of the light-conducting rods ( 2 . 3 ) and / or pens ( 4 . 5 ) are visible on the outside of the finished component. Manufacturing method according to claim 11, characterized in that the surface treatment of the light-emitting and / or light-absorbing end faces ( 32 ) of the light guide pins ( 4 . 5 ) is a mechanical grinding, sand or water jets, or a chemical etching or a combination thereof. Manufacturing method according to one of claims 11 to 12, characterized in that the grid body ( 1 ) and the light guide pins ( 4 . 5 ) are produced by injection molding. Manufacturing method according to one of claims 11 to 12, characterized in that the light guide pins ( 4 . 5 ) by injection molding in the through holes ( 23 ) of a carrier mat inserted into the injection mold ( 40 ) are injected.

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