DE102011007867A1 - Product with an antimicrobial surface - Google Patents
Product with an antimicrobial surface Download PDFInfo
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- DE102011007867A1 DE102011007867A1 DE201110007867 DE102011007867A DE102011007867A1 DE 102011007867 A1 DE102011007867 A1 DE 102011007867A1 DE 201110007867 DE201110007867 DE 201110007867 DE 102011007867 A DE102011007867 A DE 102011007867A DE 102011007867 A1 DE102011007867 A1 DE 102011007867A1
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- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L31/00—Materials for other surgical articles, e.g. stents, stent-grafts, shunts, surgical drapes, guide wires, materials for adhesion prevention, occluding devices, surgical gloves, tissue fixation devices
- A61L31/14—Materials characterised by their function or physical properties, e.g. injectable or lubricating compositions, shape-memory materials, surface modified materials
- A61L31/16—Biologically active materials, e.g. therapeutic substances
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2300/00—Biologically active materials used in bandages, wound dressings, absorbent pads or medical devices
- A61L2300/20—Biologically active materials used in bandages, wound dressings, absorbent pads or medical devices containing or releasing organic materials
- A61L2300/216—Biologically active materials used in bandages, wound dressings, absorbent pads or medical devices containing or releasing organic materials with other specific functional groups, e.g. aldehydes, ketones, phenols, quaternary phosphonium groups
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2300/00—Biologically active materials used in bandages, wound dressings, absorbent pads or medical devices
- A61L2300/40—Biologically active materials used in bandages, wound dressings, absorbent pads or medical devices characterised by a specific therapeutic activity or mode of action
- A61L2300/404—Biocides, antimicrobial agents, antiseptic agents
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
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Abstract
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Produkt mit einer antimikrobiell wirksamen Oberfläche, wobei zumindest die Oberfläche des Produkts aus einem Silikon-Basismaterial besteht und in Kontakt mit einem wässrigen Medium einen Oberflächen-pH-Wert von höchstens 6,5 aufweist.The present invention relates to a product with an antimicrobial surface, at least the surface of the product consisting of a silicone base material and having a surface pH value of at most 6.5 in contact with an aqueous medium.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Produkt mit einer antimikrobiell wirksamen Oberfläche.The invention relates to a product having an antimicrobial surface.
Mikroorganismen wie Bakterien und Pilze sind in unserem Lebensraum allgegenwärtig und besiedeln Oberflächen unterschiedlichster Art. Viele Mikroorganismen sind Krankheitserreger und ihre Verbreitung bzw. Bekämpfung spielt im Gesundheitswesen und in der Hygiene eine besondere Rolle. Gelangen solche Mikroorganismen in unseren Körper, können Sie die Ursache für lebensbedrohliche Infektionen sein. Die Reduktion nosokomialer Infektionen ist dabei von besonderer Bedeutung. So wird geschätzt, dass es bei etwa 0,5% aller Hüftgelenks- und bei etwa 2 bis 4% aller Kniegelenksimplantate zu Infektionen kommt. Ein hohes Infektionsrisiko besteht insbesondere auch bei Kathetern.Microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi are omnipresent in our habitat and colonize surfaces of various kinds. Many microorganisms are pathogens and their distribution or control plays a special role in health care and hygiene. If such micro-organisms enter our body, they can be the cause of life-threatening infections. The reduction of nosocomial infections is of particular importance. It is estimated that about 0.5% of all hip joints and about 2 to 4% of all knee implants cause infections. A high risk of infection exists especially with catheters.
Verschiedene Produkte, die in einem vorübergehenden oder dauerhaften Körperkontakt stehen, stellen für den Betroffenen grundsätzlich eine biologische »Fremdsituation« dar, die zu entsprechenden Fremdkörperreaktionen führt. Daher müssen in der Kontaktzone des Produkts mit dem Hart- und Weichgewebe eines Betroffenen die unphysiologischen Wirkungen und Nebenwirkungen auf dessen Organismus möglichst gering gehalten werden. Umgekehrt muss jedoch sichergestellt werden, dass die Oberfläche des Produkts auch bei längerem Verbleib im oder am Körper des Betroffenen möglichst keimfrei bleibt. Neben der Abwehr bzw. der Abtötung unerwünschter Mikroorganismen erhalten jedoch auch präventive Maßnahmen, d. h. die Schaffung von für Mikroorganismen lebensfeindlichen Räumen, zunehmende Bedeutung.Different products, which are in a temporary or permanent physical contact, represent a biological "foreign situation" for the affected person, which leads to corresponding foreign body reactions. Therefore, in the contact zone of the product with the hard and soft tissue of a person concerned, the non-physiological effects and side effects on the organism must be minimized. Conversely, however, it must be ensured that the surface of the product remains as germ-free as possible, even if it remains in or on the body of the person concerned. In addition to the defense or the killing of unwanted microorganisms but also receive preventive measures, d. H. the creation of microorganisms hostile environments, increasing importance.
Aus der
Als nachteilig an diesem Produkt ist der Umstand anzusehen, dass die Herstellung der mehrschichtigen Oberfläche sehr aufwändig und kostspielig ist. Darüber hinaus können die verwendeten antimikrobiellen Wirkstoffe zu Unverträglichkeitsreaktionen führen.A disadvantage of this product is the fact that the production of the multilayer surface is very complex and expensive. In addition, the antimicrobial agents used can lead to intolerance reactions.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, ein Produkt mit einer antimikrobiell wirksamen Oberfläche bereitzustellen, welches kostengünstiger herstellbar ist und eine erhöhte Verträglichkeit besitzt.The object of the present invention is to provide a product with an antimicrobially active surface, which is less expensive to produce and has an increased compatibility.
Diese Aufgabe wird mit einem Produkt mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1 gehst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen beschrieben.This object is achieved with a product having the features of patent claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are described in the subclaims.
Bei einem erfindungsgemäßen Produkt, welches kostengünstiger herstellbar ist und eine erhöhte Verträglichkeit besitzt, ist es vorgesehen, dass zumindest die Oberfläche des Produkt aus einem Silikon-Basismaterial besteht und in Kontakt mit einem wässrigen Medium einen Oberflächen-pH-Wert von höchstens 6,5 aufweist. Unter einem Silikon-Basismaterial wird im Rahmen der Erfindung ein Material verstanden, welches zu mindestens 50% aus einem Silikon besteht. Das bedeutet beispielsweise, dass die Oberfläche des Produkts und/oder das gesamte Produkt zu 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95% oder 100% aus einem Silikon besteht. Selbstverständlich können hierbei auch entsprechende Zwischenwerte wie beispielsweise 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89% oder 90% vorgesehen sein. Silikone zeichnen sich unter anderem durch elastisches Verhalten, geringe Abhängigkeit ihrer physikalischen Eigenschaften von der Temperatur, gute Gasdurchlässigkeit, gute Kältebeständigkeit, niedrige Oberflächenenergie, gute Filmbildungseigenschaften, gute dielektrische Eigenschaften, wasserabweisende Wirkung sowie durch hohe Wärme- und Alterungsbeständigkeit aus und verhalten sich zudem biologisch inert, so dass sie eine hohe biologische Verträglichkeit aufweisen und vom Körper nicht angegriffen oder abgebaut werden.In the case of a product according to the invention, which is less expensive to produce and has increased compatibility, it is provided that at least the surface of the product consists of a silicone base material and has a surface pH of not more than 6.5 in contact with an aqueous medium , Under a silicone base material is understood in the context of the invention, a material which consists of at least 50% of a silicone. This means, for example, that the surface of the product and / or the entire product to 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95% or 100% of a Silicone exists. Of course, corresponding intermediate values such as, for example, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89% or 90% may also be provided. Among other things, silicones are characterized by elastic behavior, low dependence of their physical properties on temperature, good gas permeability, good cold resistance, low surface energy, good film-forming properties, good dielectric properties, water repellency and high resistance to heat and aging, and they are also biologically inert so that they have a high biocompatibility and are not attacked or degraded by the body.
Zum Erzielen der antimikrobiellen Wirksamkeit weist die Oberfläche des Produkts weiterhin bei Kontakt mit einem wässrigen Medium einen Oberflächen-pH-Wert von höchstens 6,5 auf. Unter einem Oberflächen-pH-Wert wird im Rahmen der Erfindung derjenige pH-Wert verstanden, der sich bei Kontakt der Oberfläche des Produkts mit einem wässrigen Medium im Bereich der zumindest im Wesentlichen diffusionskonstrollierten Grenzschicht an der Phasengrenze zwischen fester Oberfläche und flüssigem, wässrigen Medium ausbildet. Die Messung des Oberflächen-pH-Wertes kann mit Hilfe handelsüblicher OberflächenpH-Meßketten (z. B. SenTix® Sur-Meßkette, WTW Wissenschaftlich-Technische Werkstätten GmbH, Weilheim, Germany) durchgeführt werden. Indem das Silikon-Basismaterial einen Oberflächen-pH-Wert von höchstens 6,5 aufweist, wird bei der vorliegenden Erfindung die Bildung von Protonen und die damit verbundene pH-Absenkung gegenüber dem neutralen pH-Wert von 7,0 zum Erzielen eines antimikrobiellen Effekts genutzt. Freie Protonen lagern sich dabei sofort an Wassermoleküle unter Bildung von Oxoniumionen (H3O+) an. Sofern die Konzentrationsverhältnisse es erlauben, kommt es zu Verknüpfungen der Oxoniumionen mit mehreren Wassermolekülen. Es werden daher neben H+ auch die durch Reaktion des H+ mit Wasser gebildeten Kationen sowie deren Hydrate erhalten. Neben dem Oxoniumion (H3O+) sind dies beispielsweise das sogenannte Zundelkation (H5O2 +) und das Eigenkation (H9O4 +). Dabei kann in einfachster Ausgestaltung vorgesehen sein, dass das Silikon-Basismaterial saure Endgruppen aufweist, welche den sauren Oberflächen-pH-Wert bei Kontakt mit dem wässrigen Medium bewirken. Es hat sich nun herausgestellt, dass mit Hilfe eines Oberflächen-pH-Werts von höchstens 6,5 eine zuverlässige antimikrobielle Wirksamkeit erzielt wird. Unter einem Oberflächen-pH-Wert von höchstens 6,5 wird im Rahmen der Erfindung insbesondere ein Oberflächen-pH-Wert von 6,5, 6,4, 6,3, 6,2, 6,1, 6,0, 5,9, 5,8, 5,7, 5,6, 5,5, 5,4, 5,3, 5,2, 5,1, 5,0, 4,9, 4,8, 4,7, 4,6, 4,5, 4,4, 4,3, 4,2, 4,1, 4,0 oder niedriger verstanden. Der genaue Mechanismus der antimikrobiellen Wirksamkeit des abgesenkten Oberflächen-pH-Wertes ist gegenwärtig noch unklar. Ohne auf diese Ansicht festgelegt werden zu wollen vermutet der Erfinder, dass durch die erhöhte Protonen-Konzentration das sogenannte Zeta-Potential (ζ), d. h. das elektrokinetische Potential im Bereich der Oberfläche derart erhöht wird, dass eine Anlagerung von Mikroorganismen an der Oberfläche des Produkts erschwert bzw. verunmöglicht wird. Das Zeta-Potential ist dabei ein Maß für das Potential der diffusionskontrollierten Grenzschicht und charakterisiert die Abstoßungsenergie zwischen den dort lokalisierten Molekülen. Eine Erhöhung des Zeta-Potentials bewirkt eine Verstärkung der interpartikulären Abstoßungskräfte, wobei insbesondere die pH-abhängigen Nettoladungen von Proteinen (Adhäsinen), die von Mikroorganismen üblicherweise zur Anlagerung an Oberflächen verwendet werden, aufgrund der Protonierung derart verändert werden, dass eine Anlagerung am Silikon-Basismaterial des Produkts nicht mehr möglich ist. Darüber hinaus werden mit Hilfe der Erfindung etwaige Unverträglichkeitsreaktionen, die bei den bisher verwendeten pharmakologisch wirksamen Komponenten wie Antikörper, Antibiotika oder dergleichen häufig auftreten, von vornherein ausgeschlossen.To achieve antimicrobial efficacy, the surface of the product will still have a surface pH of at most 6.5 upon contact with an aqueous medium. In the context of the invention, a surface pH is understood to mean the pH which forms on contact of the surface of the product with an aqueous medium in the region of the at least substantially diffusion-controlled boundary layer at the phase boundary between solid surface and liquid, aqueous medium , The measurement of surface pH can help with commercial surface pH measuring chains (eg. as SenTix ® Sur-electrode, WTW Scientific-Technical Institute GmbH, Weilheim, Germany) are performed. By having the silicone base material having a surface pH of at most 6.5, the present invention utilizes the formation of protons and the associated pH lowering against the neutral pH of 7.0 to achieve an antimicrobial effect , Free protons immediately attach to water molecules to form oxonium ions (H 3 O + ). If the concentration conditions permit it, links of the oxonium ions with several water molecules occur. Therefore, in addition to H + , the cations formed by reaction of H + with water and their hydrates are also obtained. In addition to the oxonium ion (H 3 O + ), these are, for example, the so-called Zundelkation (H 5 O 2 + ) and the eigencation (H 9 O 4 + ). It can be provided in the simplest embodiment that the silicone base material has acid end groups, which cause the acidic surface pH in contact with the aqueous medium. It has now been found that with the help of a surface pH of at most 6.5 a reliable antimicrobial efficacy is achieved. In the context of the invention, a surface pH of not more than 6.5 in particular has a surface pH of 6.5, 6.4, 6.3, 6.2, 6.1, 6.0, 5 , 9, 5, 8, 5, 7, 5, 6, 5.5, 5.4, 5.3, 5.2, 5.1, 5.0, 4.9, 4.8, 4.7 , 4,6, 4,5, 4,4, 4,3, 4,2, 4,1, 4,0 or lower. The precise mechanism of antimicrobial efficacy of the lowered surface pH is currently unclear. Without wishing to be bound by this view, the inventor assumes that the so-called zeta potential (ζ), ie the electrokinetic potential in the region of the surface, is increased by the increased proton concentration such that an accumulation of microorganisms on the surface of the product made difficult or impossible. The zeta potential is a measure of the potential of the diffusion-controlled boundary layer and characterizes the repulsive energy between the molecules located there. An increase in the zeta potential causes an increase in the interparticle repulsive forces, in particular, the pH-dependent net charges of proteins (adhesins), which are commonly used by microorganisms for attachment to surfaces, are changed due to the protonation such that an attachment to the silicone Base material of the product is no longer possible. In addition, with the aid of the invention, any incompatibility reactions which frequently occur in the pharmacologically active components used to date, such as antibodies, antibiotics or the like, are ruled out from the outset.
Eine besonders zuverlässige antimikrobielle Wirksamkeit bei gleichzeitig hoher Verträglichkeit wird in einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung dadurch erzielt, dass der Oberflächen-pH-Wert in Kontakt mit einem wässrigen Medium zwischen 6,0 und 5,0 beträgt. Mit anderen Worten ist vorgesehen, dass der Oberflächen-pH-Wert 6,0, 5,9, 5,8, 5,7, 5,6, 5,5, 5,4, 5,3, 5,2, 5,1 oder 5,0 beträgt.A particularly reliable antimicrobial effectiveness combined with high compatibility is achieved in an advantageous embodiment of the invention in that the surface pH in contact with an aqueous medium is between 6.0 and 5.0. In other words, it is envisaged that the surface pH would be 6.0, 5.9, 5.8, 5.7, 5.6, 5.5, 5.4, 5.3, 5.2, 5 , 1 or 5.0.
Indem das Silikon-Basismaterial oberflächenmodifiziert ist können die Eigenschaften des Produkts gezielt an dessen späteren Einsatzzweck angepasst werden. Beispielsweise können für ein als Urin-Katheter ausgebildetes Produkt, für ein als Lebensmittelverpackung ausgebildetes Produkt und für ein als Tisch ausgebildetes Produkt jeweils unterschiedliche Oberflächenmodifizierungen vorgesehen sein, um die spezifischen Produktanforderungen optimal zu berücksichtigen.By surface-modifying the silicone base material, the properties of the product can be tailored to suit its intended purpose. For example, different surface modifications may be provided for a product designed as a urine catheter, for a product designed as a food packaging and for a product designed as a table in order to optimally take into account the specific product requirements.
Dabei hat es sich als vorteilhaft gezeigt, wenn das Silikon-Basismaterial Silanolat-, Alkylhydroxid-, Polyvinylalkohol-, Polyethylenoxid-, Zinksulfat-, Polydimethylsiloxan-, Polyvinylpyrrolidon-, und/oder Phosphorylcholin-Endgruppen umfasst. Hierdurch können die Oberflächeneigenschaften, der Oberflächen-pH-Wert sowie die Polarität der Oberfläche des Produkts besonders präzise und variabel eingestellt werden.It has been shown to be advantageous if the silicone base material comprises silanolate, alkylhydroxide, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene oxide, zinc sulfate, polydimethylsiloxane, polyvinylpyrrolidone, and / or phosphorylcholine end groups. As a result, the surface properties, the surface pH and the polarity of the surface of the product can be set very precisely and variably.
In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass die Oberfläche wenigstens eine physikalisch und/oder chemisch an das Silikon-Basismaterial gebundene Verbindung umfasst, die in Kontakt mit einem wässrigen Medium die Bildung von Protonen bewirkt. Mit Hilfe einer derartigen Verbindung kann der gewünschte Oberflächen-pH-Wert unabhängig von der Ausgestaltung des Silikon-Basismaterials besonders präzise und variabel erzeugt und eingestellt werden. Je fester die Verbindung dabei an das Silikon-Basismaterial gebunden ist, umso länger kann ihre antimikrobielle Wirkung aufrecht erhalten werden, da hierdurch ein Auswaschen, Abreiben oder dergleichen verhindert oder zumindest stark verlangsamt wird. Das Produkt oder zumindest die Oberfläche des Produkts kann dabei insbesondere aus einem Silikon-Basismaterial mit kovalent gebundenen sauren Endgruppen bestehen.In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention it is provided that the surface comprises at least one physically and / or chemically bonded to the silicone base material compound which causes the formation of protons in contact with an aqueous medium. With the aid of such a compound, the desired surface pH value can be generated and adjusted particularly precisely and variably, independently of the design of the silicone base material. The more strongly the compound is bound to the silicone base material, the longer its antimicrobial effect can be maintained, as this prevents or at least greatly slows down washing out, abrasion or the like. The product or at least the surface of the product may consist in particular of a silicone base material with covalently bonded acidic end groups.
Dabei hat es sich in weiterer Ausgestaltung als vorteilhaft gezeigt, wenn die Verbindung ein ätherisches Öl und/oder eine organische Säure und/oder eine anorganische Säure, insbesondere eine Metallsäure, ist. Durch Verwendung eines geeigneten ätherischen Öls kann neben der Absenkung des Oberflächen-pH-Wertes vorteilhaft eine zusätzliche antimikrobielle Wirksamkeit erzielt werden. Zudem sind ätherische Öle schlecht in Wasser löslich, so dass die spezifische Wirksamkeit auch in feuchten Umgebungen lange aufrecht erhalten bleibt. Eine nicht abschließende Liste von Pflanzen, deren ätherische Öle sich im Rahmen der Erfindung als geeignet erwiesen haben, umfasst beispielsweise Acanthocardamum, Steintäschel (Aethionema), Agallis, Knoblauchsrauke (Alliaria), Alysopsis, Alyssoides, Steinkräuter (Alyssum), Ammosperma, Anastatica, Anchonium, Andrzeiowskia, Anelsonia, Aphragmus, Aplanodes, Arabidella, Schaumkressen (Arabidopsis), Gänsekressen (Arabis), Arcyosperma, Meerrettich (Armoracia), Aschersoniodoxa, Asperuginoides, Asta, Atelanthera, Athysanus, Blaukissen (Aubrieta), Aurinia, Ballantinia, Barbarakräuter (Barbarea), Graukressen (Berteroa), Berteroella, Brillenschötchen (Biscutella), Bivonaea, Blennodia, Böchers Felsenkressen (Boechera), Boleum, Boreava, Bornmuellera, Borodinia, Botscantzevia, Brachycarpaea, Kohl (Brassica), Braya, Brayopsis, Brossardia, Zackenschötchen (Bunias), Meersenf (Cakile), Wendich (Calepina), Calymmatium, Leindotter (Camelina), Camelinopsis, Hirtentäschel (Capsella), Schaumkräuter (Cardamine), Pfeilkresse (Cardaria), Carinavalva, Carrichtera, Catadysia, Catenulina, Caulanthus, Caulostramina, Ceratocnemum, Ceriosperma, Chalcanthus, Chamira, Chartoloma, Cheesemana, Goldlack (Cheiranthus), Chlorocrambe, Chorispora, Christolea, Chrysobraya, Chrysochamela, Cithareloma, Clastopus, Clausia, Schildkräuter (Clypeola), Löffelkräuter (Cochleana), Coelonema, Lacksenf (Coincya), Coluteocarpus, Ackerkohl (Conringia), Cordylocarpus, Krähenfuß (Coronopus), Meerkohl (Crambe), Crambella, Cremolobus, Cryptospora, Cuphonotus, Cusickiella, Cycloptychis, Cymatocarpus, Cyphocardamum, Dactylocardamum, Degenia, Delpinophytum, Besenrauke (Descuraina), Diceratella, Dichasianthus, Dictyophragmus, Didesmus, Didymophysa, Dielsiocharis, Dilophia, Dimorphocarpa, Doppelsame (Diplotaxis), Dipoma, Diptychocarpus, Dithyrea, Dolichirhynchus, Dontostemon, Douepea, Felsenblümchen (Draba), Drabastrum, Drabopsis, Dryopetalon, Eigia, Elburzia, Enarthrocarpus, Englerocharis, Eremobium, Eremoblastus, Eremodraba, Eremophyton, Ermania, Ermaniopsis, Hungerblümchen (Erophila), Senfrauken (Eruca), Erucaria, Hundsrauke (Erucastrum), Schöteriche (Erysimum), Schnabelschötchen (Euclidium), Eudema, Eutrema, Euzomodendron, Farsetia, Fezia, Fibigia, Foleyola, Fortuynia, Galitzkya, Geococcus, Glaribraya, Glastaria, Glaucocarpum, Goldbachia, Gorodkovia, Graellsia, Grammosperma, Guiraoa, Gynophorea, Halimolobos, Harmsiodoxa, Hedinia, Heldreichia, Heliophila, Hemicrambe, Hemilophia, Nachtviolen (Hesperis), Heterodraba, Bastardsenf (Hirschfeldia), Hollermayera, Felskressen (Homungia), Hornwoodia, Hugueninia, Gämskressen (Hutchinsia), Salzkressen (Hymenolobus), Schleifenblumen (Iberis), Idahoa, Iodanthus, Ionopsidium, Irenepharsus, Waid (Isatis), Ischnocarpus, Iskandera, Iti, Ivana, Kugelschötchen (Kernera), Kremeniella, Lachnocapsa, Lachnoloma, Leavenworthia, Kressen (Lepidium), Lepidostemon, Leptaleum, Lesquerella, Lignariella, Lithodraba, Silberkräuter (Lobularia), Lonchophora, Loxostemon, Silberblätter (Lunaria), Lyocarpus, Lyrocarpa, Macropodium, Malcolmia, Mancoa, Maresia, Mathewsia, Levkojen (Matthiola), Megacarpaea, Megadena, Menkea, Menonvillea, Microlepidium, Microsysymbrium, Microstigma, Morettia, Moricandia, Moriera, Morisia, Murbeckiella, Muricaria, Hohldotter (Myagrum), Nasturtiopsis, Brunnenkressen (Nasturtium), Neomartinella, Neotchihatchewia, Neotorularia, Nerisyrenia, Finkensame (Neslia), Neuontobotrys, Notoceras, Notothlaspi, Ochthodium, Octoceras, Onuris, Oreoloma, Oreophyton, Ornithocarpa, Orychophragmus, Otocarpus, Oudneya, Pachycladon, Pachymitus, Pachyphragma, Pachypterygium, Parlatoria, Parodiodoxa, Parolinia, Parrya, Parryodes, Pegaeophyton, Scheibenkräuter (Peltaria), Peltariopsis, Pennellia, Petiniotia, Steinschmückel (Petrocallis), Phaeonychium, Phlebolobium, Phlegmatospermum, Phoenicaulis, Physaria, Physocardamum, Physoptychis, Physorrhynchus, Platycraspedum, Polyctenium, Polypsecadium, Pringlea, Prionotrichon, Gemskressen (Pritzelago), Pseuderucaria, Pseudocamelina, Pseudoclausia, Pseudofortuynia, Pseudovesicaria, Psychine, Pterygiosperma, Pterygostemon, Pugionium, Pycnoplinthopsis, Pycnoplinthus, Pyramidium, Quezeliantha, Quidproquo, Raffenaldia, Raphanorhyncha, Hederich (Raphanus), Rapsdotter (Rapistrum), Reboudia, Redowskia, Rhizobotrya, Ricotia, Robeschia, Rollinsia, Romanschulzia, Roripella, Sumpfkressen (Rorippa), Rytidocarpus, Sameraria, Sarcodraba, Savignya, Scambopus, Schimpera, Schivereckia, Schizopetalon, Schlechteria, Schoenocrambe, Schouwia, Scoliaxon, Selenia, Sibara, Silicularia, Sinapidendron, Senf (Sinapis), Sisymbrella, Sisymbriopsis, Rauken (Sisymbrium), Smelowskia, Sobolewslia, Solms-Laubachia, Sophiopsis, Sphaerocardamum, Spirorhynchus, Spryginia, Staintoniella, Stanfordia, Stanleya, Stenopetalum, Sterigmostemum, Stevenia, Straussiella, Streptanthella, Streptanthus, Streptoloma, Stroganowia, Stubebdorffia, Pfriemenkressen (Subularia), Succowia, Synstemon, Synthlipsis, Taphrospermum, Tauscheria, Bauernsenf (Teesdalia):, Teesdaliopsis, Tetracme, Thelypodiopsis, Thelypodium, Thlaspeocarpa, Hellerkräuter oder Täschelkräuter (Thlaspi), Thysanocarpus, Trachystoma, Trichotolinum, Trochiscus, Tropidocarpum, Turritis, Vella, Waren, Weberbauera, Werdermannia, Winklera, Xerodraba, Yinshania, Zerdana und Zilla. Mit Hilfe dieser ätherischen Öle können beispielsweise multiresistente Staphylococcus aureus-Bakterien, Pseudomonaden, Coli-Bakterien sowie sämtliche gängigen Erkältungs- und Entzündungserreger wie etwa Rhinoviren, Coronaviren oder Humane Metapneumo-Viren abgetötet und in ihrem erneuten Wachstum gehemmt werden. Ätherische Öle weisen dabei aufgrund ihrer biologischen Inhaltsstoffe eine hohe allgemeine Verträglichkeit auf. Vorteilhafte Pflanzen bzw. Pflanzenteile, aus denen das wenigstens eine ätherische Öle gewonnen werden kann, umfassen beispielsweise Angelikawurzel, Arnika, Basilikum, Beifuß (Wilder Wermut), Bergamotte, Birke, Bohnenkraut, Cajeput, Citronella, Dill, Douglasie, Edeltanne, Eukalyptus, Fenchel, Fichte, Geranium, Ingwer, Johanniskraut, Kampfer, Kanuka, Lavandin, Lavendel, Lemongras, Lorbeer, Manuka Tea-Tree, Myrrhe, Nachtkerze, Nelke, Neem, Niauli, Rosmarin, Salbei, Tannenzapfen, Teebaumöl, Terpentin, Thuja, Thymian, Wacholder (Beeren, Holz), Weihrauch, Wermut, Zeder, Zimt, Zimtblüten und Zypresse. Alternativ oder zusätzlich können organische Säuren wie beispielsweise Citronensäure oder Essigsäure an das Silikon-Basismaterial angelagert und/oder kovalent an dieses gebunden werden. Alternativ oder zusätzlich kann vorgesehen sein, dass als saure Verbindung eine anorganische Säure verwendet wird, wobei insbesondere Metallsäuren wie Molybdänsäure oder Wolframsäure bzw. deren Vorstufen MoO3 und WO3, die bei Kontakt mit Wasser H2MoO4 bzw. H2WO4 bilden, bevorzugt sind. Darüber hinaus liegt die Löslichkeit von Molybdän- und Wolframoxid vorteilhaft bei weniger als 0,02 mol/L. Alternativ oder zusätzlich können auch Nioboxid, Manganoxid und/oder Siliziumkarbid vorgesehen sein.In this case, it has proved to be advantageous in a further embodiment if the compound is an essential oil and / or an organic acid and / or an inorganic acid, in particular a metal acid. By using a suitable essential oil, in addition to lowering the surface pH, an additional antimicrobial effectiveness can advantageously be achieved. In addition, essential oils are poorly soluble in water, so that the specific effectiveness is maintained long in moist environments. A non-exhaustive list of plants whose essential oils For example, acanthocardamum, stone bag (Aethionema), agallis, garlic mustard (Alliaria), Alysopsis, alyssoides, stone herbs (Alyssum), ammosperm, anastatica, anchonium, Andrzeiowskia, Anelsonia, Aphragmus, Aplanodes, Arabidella, have been found useful in the invention , Arabidopsis, Arabidopsis, Arcyosperma, Horseradish (Armoracia), Ashersoniodoxa, Asperuginoides, Asta, Atelanthera, Athysanus, Blue Cuscions (Aubrieta), Aurinia, Ballantinia, Barbarian Herbs (Barbarea), Gray Grasses (Berteroa), Berteroella, Brillenschötchen (Biscutella), Bivonaea, Blennodia, Böchers Rock Boechera, Boleum, Boreava, Bornmuellera, Borodinia, Botscantzevia, Brachycarpaea, Cabbage (Brassica), Braya, Brayopsis, Brossardia, Pink Bunies, Meersenf (Cakile), Wendich (Calepina ), Calymmatium, camelina (Camelina), camelinopsis, shepherd's purse (Capsella), weevils (Cardamine), weevil (Cardaria), Carinavalva, Carrichtera, Ca Tadysia, Catenulina, Caulanthus, Caulostramina, Ceratocnemum, Ceriosperma, Chalcanthus, Chamira, Chartoloma, Cheesemana, Gold lacquer (Cheiranthus), Chlorocrambe, Chorispora, Christolea, Chrysobraya, Chrysochamela, Cithareloma, Clastopus, Clausia, Turtleweeds (Clypeola), Spoonbills (Cochleana) , Coelonema, Lacquer mustard (Coincya), Coluteocarpus, Field cabbage (Conringia), Cordylocarpus, Crow foot (Coronopus), Sea cabbage (Crambe), Crambella, Cremolobus, Cryptospora, Cuphonotus, Cusickiella, Cycloptychis, Cymatocarpus, Cyphocardamum, Dactylocardamum, Degenia, Delpinophytum, Besenrauke (Descuraina), Diceratella, Dichasianthus, Dictyophragmus, Didesmus, Didymophysa, Dielsiocharis, Dilophia, Dimorphocarpa, Doppelsame (Diplotaxis), Dipoma, Diptychocarpus, Dithyrea, Dolichirhynchus, Dontostemon, Douepea, Daisy (Draba), Drabastrum, Drabopsis, Dryopetalon, Eigia, Elburzia, Enarthrocarpus, Englerocharis, Eremobium, Eremoblastus, Eremodraba, Eremophyton, Ermania, Ermaniopsis, Famine (Erophila), Senfrauken (Eruca), Erucaria, Hundsrauke (Erucastrum), Schöteriche (Erysimum), Schnabelschötchen (Euclidium), Eudema, Eutrema, Euzomodendron, Farsetia, Fezia, Fibigia, Foleyola, Fortuynia, Galitzkya, Geococcus, Glaribraya, Glastaria, Glaucocarpum, Goldbachia, Gorodkovia, Graysia, Grammosperma, Guiraoa, Gynophorea, Halimolobos, Harmsiodoxa, Hedinia, Heroicia, Heliophila, Hemicrambe, Hemilophia, Night Violet (Hesperis), Heterodraba, Bastard Mustard (Hirschfeldia), Hollermayera, Rock Grasses (Homungia), Hornwoodia, Hugueninia , Gämskressen (Hutchinsia), salt-crops (Hymenolobus), sandflowers (Iberis), Idahoa, Iodanthus, Ionopsidium, Irenepharsus, Waid (Isatis), Ischnocarpus, Iskandera, Iti, Ivana, Kugelschötchen (Kernera), Kremeniella, Lachnocapsa, Lachnoloma, Leavenworthia, Kressen (Lepidium), Lepidostemon, Leptaleum, Lesquerella, Lignariella, Lithodraba, Silver Herbs (Lobularia), Lonchophora, Loxostemon, Silver Leaves (Lunaria), Lyocarpus, Lyrocarpa, Macropodium, Ma lcolmia, Mancoa, Maresia, Mathewsia, Levkojen (Matthiola), Megacarpaea, Megadena, Menkea, Menonvillea, Microlepidium, Microsysmbrium, Microstigma, Morettia, Moricandia, Moriera, Morisia, Murbeckiella, Muricaria, Hollow Dotter (Myagrum), Nasturtiopsis, Fountain (Nasturtium) , Neomartinella, Neotchihatchewia, Neotorularia, Nerisyrenia, Finkensame (Neslia), Neuontobotrys, Notoceras, Notothlaspi, Ochthodium, Octoceras, Onuris, Oreoloma, Oreophyton, Ornithocarpa, Orychophragmus, Otocarpus, Oudneya, Pachycladone, Pachymitus, Pachyphragma, Pachypterygium, Parlatoria, Parodiodoxa, Parolinia, parrya, parryodes, pegaeophyton, pollen, Peltariopsis, pennallia, petiniotia, stone moth (Petrocallis), phaeonychium, phlebolobium, phlegmatospermum, phoenicaulis, physaria, physocardamum, physoptychis, physorrhynchus, platycraspedum, polyctenium, polypsecadium, pringlea, prionotrichon Vegetables (Pritzelago), Pseuducuria, Pseudocamelina, Pseudoclausia, Pseudofortuynia, Pseu dovesicaria, psychine, pterygiosperm, pterygostemon, pugionium, pycnoplinthopsis, pycnoplinthus, pyramidium, quezeliantha, quidproquo, raffia alder, raphanorhyncha, hederich (raphanus), rapeseed dotter (rapistrum), reboudia, redowskia, rhizobotrya, ricotia, robeschia, rudinsia, romanschulzia, roripella, Marsh Harvests (Rorippa), Rytidocarpus, Sameraria, Sarcodraba, Savignya, Scambopus, Schimpera, Schivereckia, Schizopetalon, Schlechteria, Schoenocrambe, Schouwia, Scoliaxon, Selenia, Sibara, Silicularia, Sinapidendron, Mustard (Sinapis), Sisymbrella, Sisymbriopsis, Rauken (Sisymbrium) , Smelowskia, Sobolewslia, Solms-Laubachia, Sophiopsis, Sphaerocardamum, Spirorhynchus, Spryginia, Staintoniella, Stanfordia, Stanleya, Stenopetalum, Sterigmostemum, Stevenia, Straussiella, Streptanthella, Streptanthus, Streptoloma, Stroganowia, Stubebdorffia, Tubercles (Subularia), Succowia, Synstemon, Synthlipsis, Taphrospermum, Tauscheria, Peasant Mustard (Teesdalia) :, Teesdaliopsis, Tetracme, Thelypodiopsis, Th elypodium, Thlaspeocarpa, Hellerweed or Täschelkräuter (Thlaspi), Thysanocarpus, Trachystoma, Trichotolinum, Trochiscus, Tropidocarpum, Turritis, Vella, goods, Weberbauera, Werdermannia, Winklera, Xerodraba, Yinshania, Zerdana and Zilla. With the help of these essential oils, for example, multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteria, Pseudomonas, Coli bacteria and all common cold and inflammatory agents such as rhinoviruses, coronaviruses or human metapneumo viruses can be killed and inhibited in their regrowth. Essential oils have a high general compatibility due to their biological ingredients. Advantageous plants or plant parts from which the at least one essential oil can be obtained include, for example, angelica root, arnica, basil, mugwort (wild wormwood), bergamot, Birch, Savory, Cajeput, Citronella, Dill, Douglas fir, Silver fir, Eucalyptus, Fennel, Spruce, Geranium, Ginger, St. John's wort, Camphor, Kanuka, Lavandin, Lavender, Lemongrass, Laurel, Manuka Tea-tree, Myrrh, Evening primrose, Clove, Neem , Niauli, rosemary, sage, pine cones, tea tree oil, turpentine, thuja, thyme, juniper (berries, wood), frankincense, wormwood, cedar, cinnamon, cinnamon and cypress. Alternatively or additionally, organic acids such as citric acid or acetic acid may be attached to and / or covalently bonded to the silicone base material. Alternatively or additionally, it may be provided that an inorganic acid is used as the acidic compound, in particular metal acids such as molybdic acid or tungstic acid or their precursors MoO 3 and WO 3 , which form H 2 MoO 4 or H 2 WO 4 on contact with water , are preferred. In addition, the solubility of molybdenum and tungsten oxide is advantageously less than 0.02 mol / L. Alternatively or additionally, niobium oxide, manganese oxide and / or silicon carbide may also be provided.
Indem die Verbindung eine Löslichkeit von höchstens 0,1 mol/L, insbesondere von höchstens 0,02 mol/L, in Wasser besitzt, kann ihre antimikrobielle Wirksamkeit auch bei längerem Feuchtigkeitskontakt bzw. unter physiologischen Bedingungen, beispielsweise nach Implantation eines als Implantat ausgebildeten Produkts, besonders lange aufrecht erhalten werden.By having a solubility in water of not more than 0.1 mol / L, in particular not more than 0.02 mol / L, the compound may have its antimicrobial efficacy even in prolonged contact with moisture or under physiological conditions, for example after implantation of an implant-shaped product to be maintained for a particularly long time.
In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass das Produkt als medizinisches Implantat, Exoprothese, Kabel, Schlauch, Lebensmittelverpackung, Haushaltsprodukt, Schalter, Armatur, Mensch-Maschine-Interface, Gehäuse, Textil oder Einrichtungsgegenstand ausgebildet ist. Hierdurch kann die erfindungsgemäße antimikrobielle Wirkung für Produkte realisiert werden, die im häufigen Berührungskontakt mit Lebewesen stehen. Es ist zu betonen, dass das Produkt nicht auf die genannten Ausgestaltungsformen beschränkt ist. Das Produkt kann grundsätzlich als beliebiger Gegenstand ausgebildet sein, bei dem eine antimikrobielle Oberfläche von Vorteil ist.In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the product is designed as a medical implant, exoprosthesis, cable, hose, food packaging, household product, switch, valve, man-machine interface, housing, textile or furnishing. As a result, the antimicrobial effect according to the invention can be realized for products which are in frequent physical contact with living beings. It should be emphasized that the product is not limited to the aforementioned embodiments. The product may in principle be designed as any object in which an antimicrobial surface is advantageous.
Weitere Vorteile ergeben sich, wenn das Produkt für den permanenten und/oder den zeitweiligen Verbleib in und/oder an einem Körper eines Lebewesens, insbesondere eines Säugetiers, ausgebildet ist. Hierdurch kann das Produkt variabel ausgestaltet und für verschiedenste Einsatzzwecke in einem hygienisch besonders anspruchsvollen technischen Gebiet verwendet werden.Further advantages result if the product is designed for permanent and / or temporary retention in and / or on a body of a living being, in particular of a mammal. As a result, the product can be configured variable and used for a variety of applications in a hygienically demanding technical field.
Dabei kann in weiterer Ausgestaltung vorgesehen sein, dass das Produkt als Stent und/oder Katheter und/oder Schlauch und/oder Kanüle und/oder Herzklappe und/oder Gelenkprothese und/oder Herzschrittmacher und/oder Schraube und/oder Ballon und/oder Schiene ausgebildet ist. Bei diesen für den längeren oder permanenten Verbleib im Körper ausgelegten Implantaten ermöglicht die Erfindung eine besonders signifikante Senkung des Infektionsrisikos für einen betroffenen Patienten.It can be provided in a further embodiment that the product as a stent and / or catheter and / or tube and / or cannula and / or heart valve and / or joint prosthesis and / or pacemaker and / or screw and / or balloon and / or rail formed is. In the case of these implants designed for prolonged or permanent retention in the body, the invention enables a particularly significant reduction in the risk of infection for an affected patient.
In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass das Produkt zumindest überwiegend aus dem Silikon-Basismaterial besteht. Mit anderen Worten ist vorgesehen, dass 51% bis 100% des Produkts, also beispielsweise 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95% oder 100%, aus dem Silikon-Basismaterial bestehen.In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the product consists at least predominantly of the silicone base material. In other words, it is envisaged that 51% to 100% of the product, for example 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95% or 100%, of the silicone -Basic material exist.
Weitere Merkmale der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Ansprüchen, den Ausführungsbeispielen sowie anhand der Zeichnungen. Die vorstehend in der Beschreibung genannten Merkmale und Merkmalskombinationen sowie die nachfolgend in den Ausführungsbeispielen genannten Merkmale und Merkmalskombinationen sind nicht nur in der jeweils angegebenen Kombination, sondern auch in anderen Kombinationen oder in Alleinstellung verwendbar, ohne den Rahmen der Erfindung zu verlassen. Dabei zeigt:Further features of the invention will become apparent from the claims, the exemplary embodiments and with reference to the drawings. The features and feature combinations mentioned above in the description as well as the features and feature combinations mentioned below in the exemplary embodiments can be used not only in the particular combination indicated, but also in other combinations or in isolation, without departing from the scope of the invention. Showing:
- – Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 10145;
- – E. coli ATCC 27020; und
- – S. aureus: ATCC 25923 (MRSA).
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 10145;
- E. coli ATCC 27020; and
- - S. aureus: ATCC 25923 (MRSA).
Die Mikroorganismen wurden auf Schrägagar bei –25°C aufbewahrt und vor jeder Untersuchung aufgetaut. Die Züchtung der Mikroorganismen erfolgte auf Schafblut-Agar 5% bei 37°C über 24 Stunden. Diese Medien unterstützen das Wachstum grampositiver (MRSA) und gramnegativer Mikroorganismen/(E. coli und P. aeruginosa). Einzelne Kolonien wurden auf Schafblutagar 5% aufgebracht und über Nacht (12 h) bei 37°C bebrütet. Anschließend wurden die Keime geerntet und in 1/4 n Kochsalzlösung resuspendiert. Die Keimzahlbestimmung erfolgt nach dem McFarland Standard und anschließend mittels Photometer (eine OD von 0,8 bei 475 nm ergab dabei eine Keimzahl von 1 Milliarde Mikroorganismen pro Milliliter.) Die finale Dokumentation erfolgt durch eine Reihenverdünnung wobei eine Abweichung von mehr als ±0.2 log zur Wiederholung der Untersuchung führte.The microorganisms were stored on slant agar at -25 ° C and thawed before each examination. Cultivation of the microorganisms was carried out on sheep blood agar 5% at 37 ° C for 24 hours. These media support the growth of Gram-positive (MRSA) and Gram-negative microorganisms / (E. coli and P. aeruginosa). Single colonies were plated on sheep blood agar 5% and incubated overnight (12 h) at 37 ° C. Subsequently, the seeds were harvested and resuspended in 1/4 n saline. The microbial count is determined according to the McFarland standard and then by photometer (an OD of 0.8 at 475 nm resulted in a microbial count of 1 billion microorganisms per milliliter.) The final documentation is carried out by a serial dilution with a deviation of more than ± 0.2 log to Repeated examination led.
Ca. 4 cm lange Probenstücke des Implantats I1 wurden in eine Keimsuspension in 5 ml ¼ n steriler Kochsalzlösung in sterilen Einmalröhrchen (Sarstedt 60.542.024) eingebracht. Der Probenkörper wurde 6 Stunden in dieser Keimsuspension inkubiert. Anschließend wurde der Probenkörper mit einer sterilen Pinzette entfernt und 2× auf eine Agarplatte (OXOID Nutrient Agar mit 5% Schafblut) aufgedrückt. Der Probenkörper wurde anschließend in 5 ml einer sterilen 1/4 n Kochsalzlösung eingelegt. Der Vorgang wurde in 3 stündlichen Abständen bis 12 Stunden wiederholt.Approximately 4 cm long specimens of implant I1 were placed in a seed suspension in 5 ml of ¼ N sterile saline in disposable sterile tubes (Sarstedt 60,542,024). The specimen was incubated for 6 hours in this germ suspension. Subsequently, the specimen was removed with sterile forceps and pressed twice on an agar plate (OXOID Nutrient Agar with 5% sheep blood). The sample was then placed in 5 ml of sterile 1/4 n saline. The process was repeated every 3 hours until 12 hours.
Die Agarplatten wurden bei 37°C über 24 Stunden bebrütet. Anschließend erfolgte die Keimzahlbestimmung und die Fotodokumentation.
Ergebnisse der Untersuchung der drei Implantate I1, I2, I3 im Hinblick auf antimikrobielle Wirksamkeit und Biofilmbildung:
Bei der in
At the in
Bei der zweiten Untersuchungsmethode (Biofilmbildung) zeigte sich, dass bei allen Proben die Biofilmbildung verhindert werden konnte und sich nach I2 Stunden (I2 und I3) bzw. nach 24 Stunden (I1) kein Keimwachstum mehr zeigte.The second study method (biofilm formation) showed that biofilm formation could be prevented in all samples and no germ growth was observed after 12 hours (I2 and I3) or after 24 hours (I1).
Die erfindungsgemäßen Implantate I2 und I3 zeigten somit eine sehr gute Wirksamkeit auch bei kontinuierlicher Elution in 1/4 n Kochsalzlösung. Das erste Implantat I1 zeigt demgegenüber eine geringere Wirksamkeit. Es ist dabei jedoch zu betonen, dass eine Keimbelastung von 109 CFU/ml über 6 Stunden weit über eine übliche Keimbelastung hinausgeht. Eine Biofilmbildung nach kontinuierlicher Keimbelastung wurde bei allen Proben verhindert.The implants I2 and I3 according to the invention thus showed a very good activity even with continuous elution in 1/4 n saline. The In contrast, the first implant I1 has a lower efficacy. However, it should be emphasized that a bacterial load of 109 CFU / ml over 6 hours goes far beyond a normal germ load. Biofilm formation after continuous bacterial loading was prevented in all samples.
Es ist zu betonen, dass das erfindungsgemäße Produkt nicht nur als Implantat, sondern grundsätzlich als beliebiger Gegenstand, beispielsweise als Exoprothese, Kabel, Schlauch, Lebensmittelverpackung, Haushaltsprodukt, Schalter, Armatur, Tastatur, Maus, Joystick, Gehäuse, Textil, Bekleidungsstück oder Möbel ausgebildet sein kann.It should be emphasized that the product according to the invention not only as an implant, but in principle as any object, such as Exoprothese, cable, hose, food packaging, household product, switch, valve, keyboard, mouse, joystick, housing, textile, clothing or furniture can be.
Die in den Unterlagen angegebenen Parameterwerte zur Definition von Prozess- und Messbedingungen für die Charakterisierung von spezifischen Eigenschaften des Erfindungsgegenstands sind auch im Rahmen von Abweichungen – beispielsweise aufgrund von Messfehlern, Systemfehlern, Einwaagefehlern, DIN-Toleranzen und dergleichen – als vom Rahmen der Erfindung mitumfasst anzusehen.The parameter values given in the documents for the definition of process and measurement conditions for the characterization of specific properties of the subject invention are also within the scope of deviations - for example due to measurement errors, system errors, Einwaagefehlern, DIN tolerances and the like - as included in the scope of the invention ,
ZITATE ENTHALTEN IN DER BESCHREIBUNG QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION
Diese Liste der vom Anmelder aufgeführten Dokumente wurde automatisiert erzeugt und ist ausschließlich zur besseren Information des Lesers aufgenommen. Die Liste ist nicht Bestandteil der deutschen Patent- bzw. Gebrauchsmusteranmeldung. Das DPMA übernimmt keinerlei Haftung für etwaige Fehler oder Auslassungen.This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.
Zitierte PatentliteraturCited patent literature
- WO 98/36784 [0004] WO 98/36784 [0004]
Claims (12)
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| DE201110007867 DE102011007867A1 (en) | 2010-04-23 | 2011-04-21 | Product with an antimicrobial surface |
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| WO2015031851A2 (en) | 2013-08-30 | 2015-03-05 | Hollister Incorporated | Device for trans anal irrigation |
| US10561817B2 (en) | 2014-05-30 | 2020-02-18 | Hollister Incorporated | Flip open catheter package |
| EP3166661B1 (en) | 2014-07-08 | 2019-01-09 | Hollister Incorporated | Portable trans anal irrigation device |
| AU2015287992B2 (en) | 2014-07-08 | 2020-03-12 | Hollister Incorporated | Trans anal irrigation platform with bed module |
| WO2017185052A1 (en) | 2016-04-22 | 2017-10-26 | Hollister Incorporated | Medical device package with flip cap having a snap fit |
| WO2017185029A1 (en) | 2016-04-22 | 2017-10-26 | Hollister Incorporated | Medical device package with a twist cap |
| DK3481460T3 (en) | 2016-07-08 | 2020-06-22 | Hollister Inc | DESIGN OF A WIRELESS ELECTRONIC PUMP FOR A BODY IRRIGATION DEVICE |
| EP3777921B1 (en) | 2016-12-14 | 2025-08-13 | Hollister Incorporated | Transanal irrigation system |
| AU2018225550B2 (en) | 2017-02-21 | 2023-07-06 | Hollister Incorporated | Medical device package with flip cap having a snap fit |
| AU2018353958B2 (en) | 2017-10-25 | 2024-10-03 | Hollister Incorporated | Caps for catheter packages |
| CA3084803C (en) | 2017-12-08 | 2024-06-11 | Hollister Incorporated | A catheter product and package with hygienic means for removal from the package |
| CA3189598A1 (en) | 2020-09-04 | 2022-03-10 | Vivienne MCNULTY | Medical device package with first use indicator label |
| US12083153B1 (en) | 2023-12-08 | 2024-09-10 | King Faisal University | Silver nanoparticle composition including biosynthesized silver nanoparticles and an extract of Farsetia aegyptiaca |
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| ATE246522T1 (en) * | 1998-06-19 | 2003-08-15 | Oxibio Inc | IMPLANTABLE MEDICAL DEVICE HAVING ANTINIFECTIVE AND CONTRACEPTIVE PROPERTIES |
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| DE202009006632U1 (en) * | 2009-05-07 | 2009-07-16 | Sellin, Lothar | Coating of medical surfaces |
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- 2010-04-30 DE DE202010006267U patent/DE202010006267U1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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- 2011-04-21 DE DE201110007867 patent/DE102011007867A1/en not_active Ceased
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| DE69228702T2 (en) * | 1991-12-13 | 1999-07-08 | Rochester Medical Corp., Stewartville, Minn. | BACTERICIDE CANNULA WITH DELAYED DELIVERY OF ACTIVE SUBSTANCE |
| WO1998036784A1 (en) | 1997-02-20 | 1998-08-27 | Cook Incorporated | Coated implantable medical device |
| DE69812925T2 (en) * | 1997-05-05 | 2004-01-29 | Icet Inc | COATING AND BACTERIA-RESISTANT COATINGS FOR MEDICAL APPLICATIONS |
| DE69933572T2 (en) * | 1998-08-25 | 2007-06-28 | Ash Access Technology, Inc., Lafayette | USE OF CITRATE IN A CATHETER SPAN SOLUTION |
| EP1270018B1 (en) * | 2001-06-29 | 2005-04-13 | Ethicon, Inc. | Sterilization of bioactive coatings |
| DE202006018695U1 (en) * | 2006-11-13 | 2007-03-22 | Plansee Se | Use of an inorganic material e.g. to form a hydrogen cation for the achievement of antimicrobial effect, and as an additive material for hygienic absorbent articles or wound coverings |
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| DE102007035063A1 (en) * | 2007-07-26 | 2009-01-29 | Spiegelberg (Gmbh & Co.) Kg | Process for the preparation of an antimicrobial plastic product |
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