DE102019201164A1 - Method for detecting a coating of a component, in particular a machine, formed from a first material - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for detecting a coating (12) of a component (10) which has at least one first partial area (14) and at least one second partial area (16) adjoining the first partial area (14), in which the base body is free of the coating (12), wherein
- A first electromagnetic radiation (20) reflected by the first partial area (14) of the component (10) and a second electromagnetic radiation (20) reflected by the second partial area (16) of the component (10) are detected by means of a detection device (18) (S1);
- first data (22) which generate the first electromagnetic radiation (20) and second data (24) which generate the second electromagnetic radiation (20) (S2);
- A virtual, three-dimensional model (28) of the component (10) depending on the data (22, 24) is generated.

Description

The invention relates to a method for detecting, in particular for a visualization, a coating of a component, in particular a machine, such as a fluid energy machine, formed from a first material.

Blades are used in machines such as, for example, fluid energy machines, which can be designed, for example, as a gas turbine or also as an aircraft engine. A respective bucket is therefore a component of the machine. The respective blade or the respective blade should be able to withstand particularly high thermal and mechanical loads in order to be used particularly advantageously in the fluid energy machine designed, for example, as an engine.

In order that these requirements can be met, the respective blade, in particular, for example, a gas turbine blade, is accordingly generally made of highly complex materials, for example in complex 3D geometries and with complex cooling air ducts. The complexity of the structure usually leads to particularly high overall manufacturing costs. In order to be able to design the blade's thermal load capacity to be particularly large, the blade is usually provided with a plurality of protective layers, which have to be replaced by maintenance measures after a certain stress in the operation of the fluid energy machine.

Several processes, so-called refurbishment processes, are carried out for renewing the protective layers of the blade. For example, in a multi-stage process in particular, which consists, for example, of chemical or electrochemical etching, sandblasting and grinding, the individual process steps being able to be repeated several times, old layers or layer residues of the protective layers are removed from the blade.

The problem here is that the removal of the remaining layers or the layers on the shovel or a further component of the machine, which can also have a refractory lining, is also difficult for an experienced skilled worker. Layered residues can also only be recognized by such a skilled worker to a limited extent or to a particularly small extent on the shovel.

The layer comprises, for example, a ceramic and an adhesion promoter, which connects the ceramic to the blade, which is formed in particular from a metallic material. The skilled worker generally removes at least the ceramic part of the residual layer or coating by sandblasting. The bonding agent usually has to be removed by etching.

So that the layer remnants can then be recognized, it is common practice to carry out a heat treatment after removing the first layers or layer remnants. The in particular metallic material of the component, that is to say the blade, generally has cobalt, which turns blue when heat-treated or when heated. At the same time, the layer or the layer residues change color, in particular, for example, due to the material contained in the layer, which has MCrAlY, where M stands for virtually any metal and the rest denotes chromium-aluminum-yttrium. This heat treatment is referred to as heat tint in English due to the blue coloring of the material of the base body of the component, ie the blade.

This heat tint clearly shows where there are still layers on the blade. This allows the skilled worker to remove this residual layer when reworking. This heat-tint process is a reliable indicator for the detection of residual layers in the visual inspection. However, this heat-tint process is particularly time and energy consuming, so that its implementation significantly lengthens the refurbishment processes and at the same time, particularly due to the energy required, entails a particularly large cost factor when refurbishing the blade or the component. The heat tint does not provide a reliable indication of the thickness of the layer remnants, so that the skilled worker has no idea how much he has to remove. He will work accordingly carefully to protect the blade body, and so runs the risk of having to repeat the steps of decoating plus heat-tint. It would be highly advantageous for the skilled worker to be able to immediately determine whether there are any remaining shifts because he can stop processing immediately if no more remains are displayed.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a method by means of which layers of a first material on a component, the base body of which is made of a second material, can be detected particularly advantageously, so that machining of the component can be carried out particularly efficiently.

This object is achieved by the subject of the independent Claim resolved. Advantageous refinements and developments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims as well as in the description and in the drawing.

A method according to the invention is used for detecting, for example for a subsequent visualization, a coating of a component which is formed from a first material and which is in particular a component of a machine such as a fluid energy machine and which has at least a first partial area in which one is made of one of the first material different second material formed base body of the component is provided with the coating. The component also has at least one second partial region adjoining the first partial region, in which the base body is free of the coating or the first material.

So that the coating or the first material of the component, which is in particular part of a machine, in particular as a blade, for example for a gas turbine, can be detected particularly advantageously, by means of a detection device, at least one wavelength of at least a first, from the first partial area of the Component reflected first electromagnetic radiation and detected, in particular at least one second wavelength different from the first wavelength, reflected by the second portion of the component. The detection device can be a camera device, for example, which is designed in particular to detect a particularly large part of the electromagnetic spectrum, which in particular extends beyond the part of the electromagnetic spectrum visible to the human eye. The wavelength range that can be detected in particular by the detection device can be selected such that the reflection property of the first material differs from the reflection property of the second material. For this purpose, the detection device can, for example, itself have a suitable light source or source of the electromagnetic radiation, by means of which the component can be illuminated, for example, by the detection device, so that the electromagnetic radiation, for example reflected by the lighting, is detected.

Furthermore, in the method according to the invention, first data which characterize the first electromagnetic radiation and thus the first partial area of the component and second data which characterize the second electromagnetic radiation and thus the second partial area of the component are generated. If, for example, a recording is generated by the detection device when the reflected electromagnetic radiation of the respective partial area is detected, this recording is now evaluated for the generation of the data with a view to characterizing the at least one first partial area and the at least one second partial area. For example, a first color can be assigned to the first partial area, which has the first material with different reflection properties from the second material, whereas a second color can be assigned to the second partial area, which is free of the first material. The data are determined, for example, by mathematical processing of the, in particular digital, recording of the detection device, so that the data can be kept, for example, as a false color image of the recording. In the simple case, for example, a binary coding can be used to clearly differentiate between the at least one first partial area and the at least one second partial area by assigning a first color to the first partial area and a second color to the second partial area. For example, a limit value is specified for the creation of the data if both the first material and the second material can be detected by the detection device in a partial area, so that this partial area is clearly one of the first partial areas or the first partial area or clearly the at least one of the can be assigned to second sub-areas or the second sub-area.

Furthermore, by means of the method according to the invention, a virtual, three-dimensional model of the component is generated as a function of the data, so that the virtual model has a virtual first area corresponding to the first partial area and a virtual second partial area corresponding to the second partial area. For example, an existing three-dimensional model of the component, such as a CAD model (computer-aided design), which is used for an inverse projection as a projection surface of the data, which is available, for example, as a false color image , serves. For example, for the generation of the virtual, three-dimensional model of the component, which generates the corresponding partial areas, the already existing three-dimensional CAD model is fused with the data by fusion, in particular data fusion.

In other words, the method according to the invention is based in particular, for example, on a combination of an, in particular digitized, imaging method, on which in particular, for example, the detection device is involved, with a, in particular mathematical, machine vision, by means of which the data, that is to say the first data and the second data, can be generated on the basis of the results of the imaging method. These data are correlated with the shape or the design or the three-dimensional form of the component or combined in such a way that a, in particular three-dimensional, model of the virtual component can be generated, on which can be made visible or recognizable, where on which of the second material formed base body of the component particles or deposits or coatings of the first material. In this case, in particular for the machining or reworking of the component, for example by a skilled worker, in particular if the component is a blade or a component of a fluid energy machine, such as a gas turbine, the virtual component can be used in a variety of ways by later described embodiments of the method according to the invention are made visible.

The method can also be summarized, for example, with the following steps: In a first step, the component is recorded, in particular digitally, by the imaging method, which enables a clear distinction between the base material and the coating. This means that the imaging method can be used to distinguish the first type of material or the first material from the second type of material or the second material, for which purpose hyper-spectral imaging, in particular, can be used as the imaging method.

This digital image recording or the recording from different directions can advantageously be used in order, for example, to be able to record an entire component surface. In a further step, a false color image with a particularly high contrast between the base material and the coating, that is to say between the second material and the first material, is then produced, in particular by mathematical processing of the digital image recording or the electromagnetic radiation detected by the detection device. The contrast is advantageously chosen so that the digital image can be converted into a binary mask for displaying the partial areas, that is to say the residual layer locations, by means of a sound separation. In a subsequent step, this false color image or the mask, which is designed in particular as a binary mask, is projected onto the CAD model of the, in particular measured, component, the projection being in particular an inverse projection. This means that the, in particular two-dimensional, image of the detection device or the mask obtained therefrom and / or the false color image are projected onto the three-dimensional body of the CAD model. Region mask assignments, that is to say respective first and respective second partial areas, can thereby be assigned to a 3D coordinate triplet of the CAD model by means of the mask or the data which comprise the first and / or the second data.

For example, for each pixel of the detection device or the first data and second data obtained therefrom, the former 2D pixel can now be located in a 3D surface of the CAD model that can be represented, for example, by an electronic computing device. The inverse projection or the generation of the virtual three-dimensional model of the component, which makes the corresponding subareas of the component visible with the respective materials, results in a data fusion of the geometric shape description and pictorial surface property, the false colors or region affiliation showing whether at the corresponding point of the CAD model a residual layer or a coating and thus the first material is present or not.

The generated model can essentially be understood as a texture assignment for the CAD model. So that the three-dimensional model can be generated particularly advantageously, the electromagnetic radiation reflected by the at least one first partial area and the second electromagnetic radiation reflected by the at least one second partial area, that is to say from a recording, are recorded and the method is carried out accordingly generally several times, so that several images or recordings of the electromagnetic radiation are taken of the component, in particular in order to be able to completely capture the surface of the component, the recording being made from different views. For this purpose, the detection device is pivoted, for example, around the component and makes a detection in several different positions relative to the component. The recordings or the recordings are generally listed in such a way that there are respective overlaps at least between two adjacent recordings, so that the surface of the component can be composed particularly advantageously. Each image thus provides a texture fragment for the model to be generated, the entirety of these fragments or the one from them The data obtained can generate a complete texture layer for the part of the component or component surface, and thus a workpiece surface, which is of particular interest.

The method according to the invention has the advantage that a model, for example in the form of a CAD model, of the component can be provided which has information-bearing, complete textures which are based on the data obtained by the method, that is to say at least the first and the second data , can be obtained. The virtual, three-dimensional model obtained in this way is particularly advantageously suitable, for example to provide the skilled worker who has to carry out further processing of the component in a particularly advantageous manner information about positions of the first material located on the base body formed from the second material of the component . As a result, the method has the advantage that a refurbishment process for components of a fluid energy machine, such as blades of the fluid energy machine that are exposed to particularly high temperatures, can be worked up or repaired in a particularly energy-saving and time-saving manner. In addition, a further advantage of the method according to the invention can be that costs for machining the component can be kept particularly low.

In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the virtual model is at least partially displayed by means of an electronic display device such that the virtual first area of the model corresponding to the first partial area, in particular in a first way, and the virtual second area corresponding to the second partial area virtual model, in particular a second type that is different from the first type, different types that are visually perceptible to the human eye. Depending on the at least partially displayed virtual model, the component can be processed, in particular by a skilled worker and / or a machine. The at least partial display of the virtual model or at least the virtual first area or the virtual second area results in the advantage that processing, in particular in the form of post-treatment, is particularly easy and / or particularly fast for one person, in particular the skilled worker or a reprocessing of the component, in particular a fluid energy machine, can be made possible.

For example, the first type can be a first texture of the model, in particular a CAD model, and the second type is a second texture of the model that differs from the first texture. The textures or the types can be displayed, for example, on a display device designed as a screen, so that the skilled worker, in particular conveniently and in particular while he is processing the component, for example blasting or grinding, the correct locations or regions, in particular the at least a first partial area of the component , able to see.

In an advantageous embodiment, for example instead of or in addition to the different textures of the virtual model, the types which are optically perceptible can differ from one another with respect to the respective colors of the regions. In this case, for example, the first color for the first type can preferably represent a special contrast in comparison to the second color for the second type, so that, for example, the skilled worker can coat the base body formed from the first material from the second material, which is formed from the first material of the component can be displayed particularly advantageously.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the virtual model is displayed on an electronic screen as a display device. By using a screen as the display device, the virtual model can be displayed in a particularly simple and therefore inexpensive manner, so that processing of the component can be carried out particularly efficiently. In addition, there is the advantage of using a screen that it can be viewed by several people, in particular skilled workers, so that, for example, a vote can be carried out in a particularly simple manner on work steps that may have to be carried out.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the display direction is designed to be carried on a head of a person, so that at least one of the areas of the virtual model is represented by at least one eye of the person by means of a display element of the display device. In other words, the display device is designed as a visual output device worn on the head; the display device can have, for example, a holding element which holds the display element on the person relative to the head. The holding element can be, for example, a band and / or a temple and / or an at least partially designed helmet shell.

The display element includes, for example, a screen, which in particular can be transparent, semi-transparent and / or opaque. Additionally or alternatively, the display element can be designed such that it comprises, for example, a small projector which can project an image directly onto a retina of the eye. This is a so-called light field display or a virtual retina display.

The display device can thus be designed, for example, as a so-called head-mounted display or helmet-mounted display, where a head-mounted display can be, for example, data glasses, in particular AR glasses and / or VR glasses.

The holding element can be a head holder, for example, so that the display element follows most, in particular all, head movements of a wearer. In addition, the display device can be provided with sensors in order to detect the head movements of the wearer. In the event that the screen of the display element is opaque, the wearer can capture visual impressions which, in particular completely, are isolated from an environment, so that, for example, the virtual model can be captured in a virtual space. This takes place particularly advantageously, for example, with VR glasses, VR being a virtual reality in which the wearer of the display device is immersed. However, the skilled worker or worker who wears such VR glasses does not see the actual component due to the lack of transparency of the display element. Accordingly, it would be desirable, for example by means of a sensor system, to recognize an actual position by the skilled worker with the corresponding tools held by him, so that if the tool is, for example, a jet lance or a grinder, these can be used properly by the skilled worker.

For AR glasses, for example with a light field display or with a transparent or semi-transparent display or a similar display option, which in particular has a sensor system for detecting the head movements of the wearer, there is the possibility that at least the first virtual area and / or the second virtual area or the respective type can also be represented in such a way that it appears to the wearer of the AR glasses or to the skilled worker as if it were present directly on the component actually lying in the field of vision of the wearer or skilled worker. In the case of AR glasses, one also speaks of augmented reality glasses, which means augmented reality, that is, the display device overlaps objects that are actually in the viewer's field of view with additional objects that are in the viewer's field of view Customized information instead. For example, the first type or the second type and thus information about the first or the second partial area are faded in directly on the component, or the impression is created for the wearer of the display device that, for example, a color change on the component actually marks the first material , entry. If the method is carried out in such a way that the data is available in quasi real time, the virtual areas can be updated accordingly in quasi real time. Due to the display device designed to be carried on the head and the possibility thereby given to view the, in particular virtual image, the actual reality by means of augmented reality or completely in a virtual space by means of virtual reality, for example the possibility opens up for the skilled worker, for example the coatings or coating residues to be removed or reworked and thus to locate the first material particularly advantageously on the base body of the component formed from the second material.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, at least one projector device projects at least one of the areas of the virtual model directly, in particular optically, onto the part area of the component corresponding to the area. In other words, the at least one projection device projects an image which contains information about the subareas, for example the first type or the second type, onto the surface, in particular workpiece surface, of the component. In the event that the component represents a blade or another component of a fluid energy machine, the surface thereof is generally matt and particularly bright, so that the surface can be suitable as a screen for a projection. So that the area on the corresponding sub-area of the component can be displayed correctly, the curved component surface must be factored in, in particular by mathematical equalization or distortion, so that the texture and / or the color as the first type of the first area and / or the second type of the second Range can be displayed correctly. In this embodiment of the method, the texture is transferred from the virtual, three-dimensional model, that is to say the textured CAD model, to the real three-dimensional surface of the component by optical projection, that is to say a textured component is virtually projected. This has the advantage that the skilled worker or the worker can change his perspective relative to the component as desired, since the information about the materials, in particular through the Types of display that is displayed directly on the component surface, as if it were, for example, the carrier of a body color.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the data are determined by machine vision, in particular by means of a computer vision routine. This means that the first and the second data are calculated or recognized on the basis of the first electromagnetic radiation and second electromagnetic radiation recorded by the detection device by means of machine vision, which can be referred to as image understanding. Machine vision is in particular computer-assisted, that is to say that objects such as, for example, the first material or the second material, for example in a receptacle of the detector device, can be detected by means of an electronic computing device. By determining the data by means of machine vision, the method has the advantage that the at least one first partial area and the at least one second partial area can be recognized particularly advantageously, so that the three-dimensional virtual model can be formed particularly precisely.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, a blade, in particular a moving blade, sliding blade and / or inlet blade, is used as the component for a fluid energy machine, such as a gas turbine or an engine. Additionally or alternatively, in an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the second material has cobalt. The use of blades as a component gives the method the advantage that particularly complex components can be reprocessed in a particularly simple manner. For example, it is possible to save costs particularly well. Furthermore, the use of cobalt as a particular constituent of an alloy, which at least comprises the second material, results in the possibility that electromagnetic radiation of a characteristic wavelength can be reflected.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the first material has a ceramic and / or an adhesion promoter and / or MCrAlY, that is to say a chromium-aluminum-yttrium compound with metal. Both the use of a ceramic and / or the adhesion promoter and / or the MCrAlY means that the first material can be made particularly sensitive to heat, for example, so that the component can be used particularly advantageously, for example, as a component of a fluid energy machine. This results in the advantage for the method that if the detection device is selected in such a way that one of these materials, particularly due to its reflection properties, can be recognized particularly advantageously by the method and the virtual three-dimensional model can thus be created, the method in a particularly advantageous manner is suitable to be able to be used as at least part of a refurbishment process in the reprocessing of blades for fluid energy machines, as a result of which the refurbishment processes can be carried out particularly advantageously.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the electromagnetic radiation is recorded by at least one hyperspectral image. In other words, a hyperspectral camera device is used as the detection device. This means that the detection device is designed, for example, as a sensor system which can record images of a large number, in particular closely spaced, wavelengths of the electromagnetic spectrum. For example, the detection device is designed to show different wavelengths in a different wavelength range on a plurality of channels. For example, the hyperspectral recording can include information in a wavelength range that extends from the hard ultraviolet range to a long-wave infrared wavelength range. In this way, the reflection property can be determined for a large number of different wavelengths, so that both the first material and the second material can be recognized in a particularly advantageous manner for the generation of the first data and / or the second data. This has the advantage for the method that the determination of the respective sub-areas or the respective materials can be carried out particularly precisely.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, at least one tool path for a tool for machining the component is calculated on the basis of the virtual model. For example, the tool is a grinding or blasting tool which is designed to separate or remove the coating or the first material from the second material. In this embodiment, for example, the display of the model can be omitted and, for example, everything can be generated or calculated internally in an electronic computing device. By generating the tool path, the prerequisite for fully automatic processing of the component, in particular fully automatic removal of the coating, can be created on the basis of the textured, virtual, three-dimensional model. This makes it possible for the processing of the component to be carried out particularly efficiently by means of the method.

Further advantages, features and details of the invention result from the following description of a preferred exemplary embodiment and from the drawings.

The single figure shows a schematic flow diagram of a method for detecting a coating of a component formed from a first material.

In the single figure is a schematic flow diagram for a method for detecting a coating formed from a first material 12th of a component 10th , in particular a machine, such as a fluid energy machine, which has at least a first partial area 14 , in which a base body of the component formed from a second material different from the first material 10th with the coating 12th is provided, and at least one of the first part 14 subsequent second section 16 has, in which the base body of the component 10th free of the coating 12th is.

• In einem ersten Schritt S1 wird mittels einer Detektionseinrichtung 18 eine von dem ersten Teilbereich 14 des Bauteils 10 reflektierte erste elektromagnetische Strahlung 20 und eine von dem zweiten Teilbereich 16 des Bauteils 10 reflektierte zweite elektromagnetische Strahlung 20 erfasst. Dabei weist die erste elektromagnetische Strahlung 20 beispielsweise wenigstens zumindest eine erste Wellenlänge auf. Ferner weist die zweite elektromagnetische Strahlung 20 wenigstens zumindest eine von der ersten Wellenlänge unterschiedliche zweite Wellenlänge auf. In einem zweiten Schritt S2 des Verfahrens werden erste Daten 22, welche die erste elektromagnetische Strahlung 20 und den ersten Teilbereich 14 charakterisieren, und zweite Daten 24, welche die zweite elektromagnetische Strahlung 20 und den zweiten Teilbereich 16 charakterisieren, erzeugt. Dabei können die Daten 22, 24 insbesondere auf vorteilhafte Weise durch maschinelles Sehen, insbesondere durch eine Computervisionroutine, bestimmt werden. Dabei wird beispielsweise als Zwischenstufe zunächst eine Falschfarbe beispielsweise der insbesondere in einer Hyperspektralaufnahme erfassten elektromagnetischen Strahlung 20 verarbeitet, wozu vorteilhafterweise die Detektionseinrichtung 18 als Hyperspektralaufnahmeeinrichtung ausgebildet ist.

In order to be able to operate the method particularly advantageously, so that the coating 12th for example in a refurbishment process or in a reprocessing of components designed as blades for the fluid energy machine 10th can be particularly advantageous, the method comprises several steps:

• In a first step S1 is by means of a detection device 18th one from the first section 14 of the component 10th reflected first electromagnetic radiation 20 and one of the second section 16 of the component 10th reflected second electromagnetic radiation 20 detected. The first has electromagnetic radiation 20 for example, at least a first wavelength. Furthermore, the second electromagnetic radiation 20 at least one second wavelength different from the first wavelength. In a second step S2 the procedure becomes first data 22 which is the first electromagnetic radiation 20 and the first section 14 characterize and second data 24th which is the second electromagnetic radiation 20 and the second section 16 characterize, generated. The data can 22 , 24th can be determined in an advantageous manner in particular by machine vision, in particular by a computer vision routine. In this case, for example, a false color, for example of the electromagnetic radiation detected in particular in a hyperspectral recording, is initially used as an intermediate stage 20 processed, which advantageously the detection device 18th is designed as a hyperspectral recording device.

So in the second step S2 for example a false color image with maximum contrast between the second material, ie the base material of the component 10th , and the first material, i.e. the coating 12th of the component 10th , produced. From this, for example, in particular by sound separation, a, in particular binary, mask can be created, which is used later in one step S3 the process, for example a CAD model 26 (CAD: computer-aided-design).

In the third step S3 becomes a virtual three-dimensional model 28 of the component 10th depending on the data 22 , 24th generated such that the virtual model 28 one with the first section 14 corresponding virtual area 30th and one with the second section 16 corresponding, virtual second sub-area 32 having.

In other words, the method is based on a combination of a digitized imaging method, such as the generation of a hyperspectral image by the detection device 18th , with a, especially mathematically based, computer vision routine, which is achieved by machine vision in the step S2 of the procedure can be carried out. The method can be used in a visual manner, for example on a display device, the virtual, three-dimensional model 28 of the component 10th being represented. For this purpose, the virtual model is used advantageously 28 at least partially displayed by means of the electronic display device such that the one with the first partial area 14 corresponding, virtual first area 30th of the model 28 in a first way and with the second part 16 corresponding, virtual second area 32 of the virtual model are displayed in a second way which is different from the first type and thus different from one another and which are visually perceptible to the human eye.

So it is summarized in the step S1 of the method, a digital image, in particular a hyperspectral image, of the component 10th by an imaging method, for example hyperspectral imaging, using the detection device 18th generated so that a clear distinction between the base material, i.e. the second material, and the coating 12th , that is, the first material. The method or the creation of the recording from different viewing directions is preferably carried out around a component surface of the component 10th to be recorded in total. In the step S2 The method then creates the data 22 and 24th , so that the coating and the base body of the component 10th separately in the model 28 can be recorded. This is done, for example, using the mask mentioned.

In the third step S3 The method can then be an inverse projection of the mask onto the CAD model 26 take place, in particular from the two-dimensional hyperspectral recording or the two-dimensional data 22 , 24th on the CAD model 26 , in particular its three-dimensional surface. This allows the data for each pixel 22 and 24th their corresponding value, i.e. the type of representation, for example in the form of a color or a texture, to the data of the CAD model 26 are stored so that from the previous 2D data 22 and 24 now in the visible three-dimensional surface of the CAD model 26 can be located, making the model 28 can be generated.

The inverse projection brings about, so to speak, a data fusion of the geometric shape description, that is, of the CAD model 26 and pictorially recorded surface properties, which in step S1 through the detection device 18th have been recorded. For example, the false color representation creates a region that indicates whether a point of the CAD model is coated by the coating or not, preferably by means of a texture assignment for the CAD model 26 in the model 28 .

For example, multiple hyperspectral recordings of the component 10th or pictures of the component 10th or the workpiece, each image or hyperspectral image provides a texture fragment for the surface of the component. The fragments are preferably detected by the detection device 18th recorded in such a way that they overlap at their edges, for example, so that a complete texture layer, in particular for that for a specialist for reworking the component 10th interesting part of the workpiece or the workpiece surface and thus the component 10th to obtain.

As mentioned, the display device can be, for example, an electronic screen. Advantageously, the display device and / or a further display device is additionally or alternatively designed to be worn on a person's head, so that at least one of the areas of the virtual model is used by means of a display element of the display device 28 is represented by at least one eye of the person. The display device to be worn on the head can be, for example, data glasses or a data helmet, which, depending on the type of display, is suitable for the skilled worker in a virtual room the complete virtual model 28 to present or in a superimposed image with the actual component 10th by using augmented reality directly on the component 10th the first area 30th and / or the second area 32 display.

Additionally or alternatively, can be used to display the model 28 or the at least partial display of the model 28 , for example the display of the area 30th respectively 32 , a projector device can be used, which just the areas 30th , 32 of the virtual model 28 directly on the subarea corresponding to the area 14 respectively 16 of the component 10th optically projected. This is particularly advantageously possible if the component 10th is a blade, in particular a rotor, guide and / or inlet blade, for a fluid energy machine, such as a gas turbine or an engine.

The second material preferably has cobalt, so that, for example, steps carried out in an alloy due to its reflection behavior S1 to S3 the second material can be detected particularly advantageously.

The first material advantageously has a ceramic and / or an adhesion promoter and / or a metallic connection with chrome-aluminum-yttrium (MCrAlY). If the material has one of the components mentioned, it can be used particularly advantageously as a coating for a component designed as a blade for a fluid energy machine 10th are used, which makes the method particularly advantageous in the reprocessing of turbines or fluid energy machines, in particular for the heat resistance of their component 10th , distinguishes, whereby time and / or costs can be saved in a particularly advantageous manner.

Through the method presented, which is used as an imaging measurement method for the chemical composition of the workpiece surface of the component 10th Can be used in a particularly advantageous manner, for example, the so-called heat tint, which the actual surface of the component due to strong heating with particularly high energy and time consumption 10th colors, to be replaced. This also has the advantage that the surface of the component is produced by the method presented 10th is not changed, that is, there is no change in color, which may be desirable, for example

A skilled worker can use the process to remove the component 10th rework particularly advantageous. In addition, the model created could 28 For example, a tool path can also be advantageously determined, for example for a grinding or blasting tool, so that in the future, for example, the post-processing of the component 10th can be carried out fully automatically, in particular the removal of the coating 12th . Through the method presented, the model 28 create, which as a digital twin is an interface to a variety of digital uses of the data 22 , 24th can lead.

Reference list

10th

Component

12th

Coating

14

first section

16

second section

18th

Direction of detection

20

electromagnetic radiation

22

first dates

24th

second dates

26

CAD model

28

virtual model

30th

first area

32

second area

S1

first step

S2

second step

S3

Third step

Claims (10)

Method for detecting a coating (12) of a component (10) formed from a first material, which has at least a first partial area (14) in which a base body of the component (10) formed from a second material different from the first material with the coating (12) is provided, and has at least one second partial area (16) adjoining the first partial area (14), in which the basic body is free of the coating (12), wherein - A first electromagnetic radiation (20) reflected by the first partial area (14) of the component (10) and a second electromagnetic radiation (20) reflected by the second partial area (16) of the component (10) are detected by means of a detection device (18) (S1); - First data (22), which characterize the first electromagnetic radiation (20) and the first partial area (14), and second data (24), which characterize the second electromagnetic radiation (20) and the second partial area (16), are generated (S2); - A virtual, three-dimensional model (28) of the component (10) is generated in dependence on the data (22, 24) in such a way that the virtual model (28) has a virtual first area (30) corresponding to the first partial area (14) ) and a virtual second area (32) corresponding to the second partial area (16) (S3). Procedure according to Claim 1 The virtual model (28) is at least partially displayed by means of an electronic display device such that the virtual first area (30) of the model (28) corresponding to the first partial area (14) and that corresponding to the second partial area (16) , virtual second area (32) of the virtual model (28) are displayed in different ways that are visually perceptible to the human eye. Procedure according to Claim 2 with the virtual model displayed on an electronic screen. Procedure according to Claim 2 or 3rd , wherein the display device is designed to be carried on a head of a person, so that by means of a display element of the display device, at least one of the areas of the virtual model is represented by at least one eye of the person. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one of the areas (30, 32) of the virtual model (28) directly on the partial area (14, 16) of the component (10) corresponding to the area (30, 32) by at least one projector device is projected. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the data (22, 24) are determined by machine vision. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a blade for a fluid energy machine is used as the component (10) and / or the second material comprises cobalt. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first material comprises a ceramic and / or an adhesion promoter and / or MCrAlY. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the electromagnetic radiation (20) is detected by at least one hyperspectral image. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one tool path for a tool for machining the component (10) is created on the basis of the virtual model.

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