DE102019008832A1 - vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a vehicle (1) with an electrical high-voltage electrical system (2). According to the invention, three installation spaces (B1, B2, B3) are provided for components of the high-voltage electrical system (2), the three installation spaces (B1, B2, B3) in the longitudinal axis direction of the Vehicle (1) are arranged one behind the other, in particular between a front axle (VA) and a rear axle (HA) of the vehicle (1), the first installation space (B1) in a central region of the vehicle (1), the second installation space (B2) is arranged in a rear area of the vehicle (1) behind the first installation space (B1) and the third installation space (B3) in a front area of the vehicle (1) in front of the first installation space (B1), an AC charging socket (13) outside the three installation spaces (B1, B2, B3) are arranged in the area of the second installation space (B2) on the vehicle (1), an insulating DC / DC converter (17) of an electrical on-board charger unit is arranged in the third installation space (B3) and an AC EMC filter unit ( 19) the electr The on-board charger unit is arranged in the second installation space (B2) and busbars (S1, S2, S3) for AC operation using the electrical on-board charger unit, for electrical high-voltage DC auxiliary units of the vehicle (1) and for electrical high-voltage drive units (7) through the first installation space (B1) , 8) of the vehicle (1) run parallel.

Description

The invention relates to a vehicle according to the features of the preamble of claim 1.

From the prior art, as in the DE 10 2018 002 926 A1 described an electrical electrical system known. This electrical on-board electrical system for a motor vehicle comprises at least a first and a second electrical potential line, the on-board electrical system being designed to be supplied with an electrical direct voltage between the potential lines during intended operation. The vehicle electrical system has at least one Y capacitor, which is electrically coupled with a first connection to one of the potential lines and with a second connection to an electrical reference potential. A switching element is connected in series with the at least one Y capacitor.

The invention is based on the object of specifying an improved vehicle compared to the prior art.

The object is achieved according to the invention by a vehicle having the features of claim 1.

Advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

A vehicle includes an electrical high-voltage electrical system. According to the invention, three installation spaces are provided for components of the high-voltage electrical system. The three installation spaces are arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal axis direction of the vehicle, in particular between a front axle and a rear axle of the vehicle. The first installation space is arranged in a central area of the vehicle. The second installation space is arranged in a rear area of the vehicle behind the first installation space. The third installation space is arranged in a front area of the vehicle in front of the first installation space. An AC charging socket is arranged outside the three installation spaces in the area of the second installation space on the vehicle. An insulating DC / DC converter of an electrical on-board charger unit is arranged in the third installation space. An AC EMC filter unit (EMC = electromagnetic compatibility) of the electrical on-board charger unit is arranged in the second installation space. Through the first installation space, busbars for an AC charging operation by means of the electrical on-board charger unit, for electrical high-voltage direct current auxiliary units of the vehicle and for electrical high-voltage drive units of the vehicle run parallel to one another.

A power factor correction filter unit of the electrical on-board charger unit is arranged, for example, in the third installation space or in the second installation space. Since the AC EMC filter unit of the electrical on-board charger unit in the solution according to the invention is arranged in the second installation space near the AC charging socket, there is thus a large spatial separation of the AC EMC filter unit of the electrical on-board charger unit from the isolating DC / DC converter of the electrical on-board charger unit and also from the power factor correction filter unit of the electrical On-board charger, if this is arranged in the third installation space, or there is a large spatial separation of the AC EMC filter unit of the electrical on-board charger unit and the power factor correction filter unit of the electrical on-board charger unit, if this is arranged in the second installation space, from the insulating DC / DC converter of the electrical on-board charger unit. In both cases, interference injections caused by the high-voltage DC auxiliary power units can be filtered during an AC charging process of the vehicle.

This enables a large part of high-voltage electronics, i. H. of components of the high-voltage on-board electrical system, as well as to integrate the high-voltage battery into a body-in-white of the vehicle, whereby costs, installation space volume and weight can be saved and efficiency can be improved. In particular due to the arrangement of the AC charging socket and, for example, also a DC charging socket in the rear area of the vehicle, i. H. in the area of the second installation space, and the arrangement of the insulating DC / DC converter of the electrical on-board charger unit in the third installation space and thus in a front region of the vehicle, electrical connections are required between the third installation space and the second installation space, which are made via the busbars.

These busbars run in the middle of the vehicle, i.e. through the first installation space, parallel to one another and lie close together there, which means that the busbars for the insulating DC / DC converter of the electrical on-board charger unit for AC charging operation, in particular the busbars for AC current, are highly coupled to the busbars of the electrical ones High-voltage DC auxiliary units exist. Without the arrangement according to the invention of the alternating current EMC filter unit of the electrical on-board charger unit in the second installation space near the alternating current charging socket, however, this would result in the prescribed. EMC limit values on the AC socket could not be met. This is achieved by means of the solution according to the invention avoided and the prescribed. EMC limit values on the AC socket are observed.

The solution according to the invention thus prevents transmission of electromagnetic interference from the electrical high-voltage DC auxiliary units to the AC charging socket and thus to an AC charging connection. Furthermore, the arrangement of the AC EMC filter unit of the on-board charger unit and, for example, also of the power factor correction filter unit of the electrical on-board charger unit in the second installation space reduces the installation space requirement in the third installation space. If the power factor correction filter unit of the electrical on-board charger unit is not arranged in the second installation space but in the third installation space, a cooling requirement in the second installation space is also avoided, i. H. it is then advantageously not necessary to have a cooling device in the second installation space.

The vehicle, in particular motor vehicle, in particular road vehicle, is designed in particular as an electric vehicle or as a hybrid vehicle. In particular, a high-voltage battery can be connected to at least one vehicle-external electrical energy source by connecting the vehicle, in particular its high-voltage electrical system. H. in particular a charging station, electrically chargeable.

The term “high voltage” is to be understood in particular as a DC electrical voltage which is in particular greater than approximately 60 V. In particular, the term “high voltage” should be interpreted in accordance with the ECE R 100 standard.

Exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to drawings.

• 1 schematisch ein Fahrzeug mit einem elektrischen Hochvoltbordnetz,
• 2 schematisch eine erste Ausführungsform des Fahrzeugs,
• 3 schematisch eine zweite Ausführungsform des Fahrzeugs, und
• 4 schematisch eine dritte Ausführungsform des Fahrzeugs.

Show:

• 1 schematically a vehicle with an electrical high-voltage electrical system,
• 2nd schematically a first embodiment of the vehicle,
• 3rd schematically a second embodiment of the vehicle, and
• 4th schematically a third embodiment of the vehicle.

Corresponding parts are provided with the same reference symbols in all figures.

The 1 to 4th show schematic representations of a vehicle 1 with an electrical high-voltage electrical system 2nd , in which 1 a side view of the vehicle 1 shows and the 2nd to 4th simplified schematic representations of three different embodiments of the vehicle 1 demonstrate.

In the vehicle shown here as an example and described in more detail below 1 are in all embodiments for components of the high-voltage electrical system 2nd three installation spaces B1 , B2 , B3 intended. The three installation spaces B1 , B2 , B3 are, as in particular in 1 shown in the longitudinal axis direction of the vehicle 1 arranged one behind the other, especially between a front axle VA and a rear axle HA of the vehicle 1 . The first space B1 is in a central area of the vehicle 1 arranged. The second space B2 is in a rear area of the vehicle 1 behind the first installation space B1 arranged. The third space B3 is in a front area of the vehicle 1 before the first installation space B1 arranged.

In the first installation space B1 are cell modules 3rd a high-voltage battery in the vehicle 1 arranged which over potential lines HV + , HV- with electrical high-voltage consumers of the electrical high-voltage electrical system 2nd is electrically connectable or connected.

In the second installation space B2 are a current sensor 4th , a first separating element unit 5 for electrical high-voltage DC auxiliary units, in particular for their electrical isolation from the cell modules 3rd or for their galvanic connection to the cell modules 3rd , a second separator unit 6 for electrical high-voltage drive units 7 , 8th , especially for their galvanic isolation from the cell modules 3rd or for their galvanic connection to the cell modules 3rd , a third separator unit 9 for a DC charging socket 10th , especially for their galvanic isolation from the cell modules 3rd or for their galvanic connection to the cell modules 3rd to carry out a DC charging operation of the high-voltage battery, in particular the cell modules 3rd , and a filter unit 11 arranged for fast interference pulses and high-energy interference pulses (surge & burst filter).

The current sensor 4th is in the plus potential line in the example shown HV + after the cell modules 3rd and arranged in front of the high-voltage electrical consumers. The filter unit 11 is between the cell modules 3rd and the DC charging socket 10th arranged, in the example shown between the DC charging socket 10th and the third separator unit 9

In the third space B3 is a low voltage DC converter 12th arranged.

Outside of these three installation spaces B1 , B2 , B3 are an AC socket 13 who have favourited DC Socket 10th , electrical High-voltage direct current auxiliary units, the electrical high-voltage drive units 7 , 8th and an electrical low-voltage electrical system 14 of the vehicle 1 arranged.

The electrical high-voltage DC auxiliary units comprise an electrical heating unit 15 , especially auxiliary heater and an electric refrigerant compressor 16 . They are in the area of the third installation space B3 arranged. Furthermore, the electrical high-voltage DC auxiliary units can the low-voltage DC converter 12th include.

The electric high-voltage drive units 7 , 8th include a front high voltage electric drive unit 7 which in the area of the third installation space B3 is arranged, and a rear electric high-voltage drive unit 8th , which in the area of the second installation space B2 is arranged.

The AC socket 13 and the DC charging socket 10th are in the area of the second installation space B2 arranged.

The electrical high-voltage electrical system also includes 2nd of the vehicle 1 an electrical on-board charger unit for an AC charging operation of the high-voltage battery, in particular the cell modules 3rd , via the AC socket 13 . This electrical on-board charger unit comprises an insulating DC / DC converter 17th , a power factor correction filter unit (PFC) 18th and an AC EMC filter unit 19th .

Busbars S1 , S2 , S3 for AC charging using the electrical on-board charger unit, for the electrical high-voltage DC auxiliary units of the vehicle 1 and for the electric high-voltage drive units 7 , 8th of the vehicle 1 , especially for the front electric high-voltage drive unit 7 , run parallel to each other through the first installation space B1 through it.

In the first embodiment according to 2nd is the entire electrical on-board charger unit, ie with all three components isolating DC-DC converters 17th , Power factor correction filter unit (PFC) 18th and AC EMC filter unit 19th , in the third space B3 arranged. Because the busbars S1 , S2 , S3 in the first installation space B1 , for example for reasons of installation space and weight distribution, advantageously narrow in the middle of the vehicle, is a strong electromagnetic coupling of the busbars S1 , S2 , S3 given, as with the corresponding coupling symbol arrows P1 , P2 , P3 shown schematically.

Since a level of interference suppression for the busbars S1 , S2 , S3 is required differently, this electromagnetic coupling is undesirable. In AC charging operation, for example, malfunctions in the electrical high-voltage DC auxiliary units, for example in the low-voltage DC converter 12th , the electric heating unit 15 and / or the electric refrigerant compressor 16 , through this electromagnetic coupling on the first busbars S1 crosstalk for alternating current and thus a predetermined maximum level of interference in the direction of an external electrical alternating current energy source, in particular alternating current charging station, for alternating current charging of the high-voltage battery, in particular the cell modules 3rd , exceed.

According to this first embodiment 2nd is the one by the first coupling symbol arrow P1 Electromagnetic coupling of the electrical high-voltage drive units shown 7 , 8th to the first power rails S1 not critical for alternating current, since the electrical high-voltage drive units 7 , 8th during the electrical charging of the high-voltage battery, especially the cell modules 3rd , especially during AC charging, are inactive.

The through the second coupling symbol arrow P2 Shown electromagnetic coupling of the electrical high-voltage DC auxiliary units to the first busbars S1 for alternating current, on the other hand, is critical since these electrical high-voltage DC auxiliary units or at least one or more of these electrical high-voltage DC auxiliary units during the electrical charging of the high-voltage battery, in particular the cell modules 3rd , especially during AC charging, are active.

The through the third coupling symbol arrow P3 Shown electromagnetic coupling of the electrical high-voltage DC auxiliary units to the electrical high-voltage drive units 7 , 8th is not critical since the electrical high-voltage drive units 7 , 8th during the electrical charging of the high-voltage battery, especially the cell modules 3rd , especially during AC charging, are inactive.

A remedial measure would be, for example, an additional filtering of the electrical high-voltage DC auxiliary units. However, this would be a costly and space-intensive solution.

The second and third embodiments shown in FIG 3rd or in 4th , in contrast, are much better solutions to this problem, particularly with regard to the costs and the space requirement.

In the second embodiment according to 3rd are just the isolating DC converter 17th and the power factor correction filter unit (PFC) 18th the electrical on-board charger unit in the third space B3 arranged and the AC EMC filter unit 19th the electrical on-board charger unit is in the second space B2 arranged. Coupled disturbances of the electrical high-voltage DC auxiliary units on the first power rails S1 are thus before the AC socket 13 and thus before the vehicle's AC charging port 1 through the AC EMC filter unit 19th in the second installation space B2 reduced to a predetermined level. Additional filter measures are therefore not necessary.

The AC EMC filter unit 19th Their design does not have to be adapted, since the interference spectra of the high-voltage DC auxiliary power units to be damped are in a frequency range comparable to the interference spectrum of the power factor correction filter unit (PFC) 18th the electrical on-board charger unit in the third space B3 .

The first busbars S1 for alternating current can also be used with its contribution as a lead inductance, a filter effort in the alternating current EMC filter unit 19th in the second installation space B2 to reduce. Here are the busbars S1 , S2 , S3 advantageously arranged such that the lead inductance is increased favorably. Because the AC EMC filter unit 19th can be designed without cooling requirement, is by relocating the AC EMC filter unit 19th no additional cooling in the second installation space compared to the first embodiment B2 required.

According to this second embodiment 3rd is the one by the first coupling symbol arrow P1 Electromagnetic coupling of the electrical high-voltage drive units shown 7 , 8th to the first power rails S1 not critical for alternating current, since the electrical high-voltage drive units 7 , 8th during the electrical charging of the high-voltage battery, especially the cell modules 3rd , especially during AC charging, are inactive.

The through the second coupling symbol arrow P2 Shown electromagnetic coupling of the electrical high-voltage DC auxiliary units to the first busbars S1 for alternating current is according to this second embodiment 3rd also uncritical because the AC EMC filter unit 19th now in the second installation space B2 and therefore near the AC socket 13 and is located in the vicinity of the AC charging connection and thus the interference of the electrical high-voltage DC auxiliary units are damped.

The through the third coupling symbol arrow P3 Shown electromagnetic coupling of the electrical high-voltage DC auxiliary units to the electrical high-voltage drive units 7 , 8th is not critical since the electrical high-voltage drive units 7 , 8th during the electrical charging of the high-voltage battery, especially the cell modules 3rd , especially during AC charging, are inactive.

According to the third embodiment 4th is just the isolating DC converter 17th the electrical on-board charger unit in the third space B3 arranged and the power factor correction filter unit (PFC) 18th and the AC EMC filter unit 19th the electrical on-board charger unit are in the second space B2 arranged. Coupled disturbances of the electrical high-voltage DC auxiliary units on the first power rails S1 between the isolating DC-DC converter 17th in the third space B3 and the power factor correction filter unit (PFC) 18th in the second installation space B2 are before the AC socket 13 and thus before the vehicle's AC charging port 1 through the AC EMC filter unit 19th in the second installation space B2 reduced to the specified level. Additional filter measures are therefore not necessary.

The AC EMC filter unit 19th Their design does not have to be adapted because the interference spectra of the high-voltage DC auxiliary power units to be damped are in a frequency range comparable to the interference spectrum of the power factor correction filter unit (PFC) 18th the electrical on-board charger unit in the third space B3 . There are also functional restrictions in the power factor correction filter unit (PFC) 18th or in the isolating DC converter 17th not to be expected.

Since the power factor correction filter unit (PFC) 18th As a rule, cooling is required due to the arrangement of the power factor correction filter unit (PFC) 18th in the second installation space B2 additional cooling in the second installation space B2 required. I.e. it is then in the second installation space B2 a cooling device is provided, in particular in the case of an arrangement of the power factor correction filter unit (PFC) 18th the electrical on-board charger unit in the second installation space B2 . This third embodiment according to 4th is therefore used, for example, when the third installation space B3 not large enough to arrange the power factor correction filter unit (PFC) 18th in this third space B3 is.

According to this third embodiment 4th is the one by the first coupling symbol arrow P1 Electromagnetic coupling of the electrical high-voltage drive units shown 7 , 8th to the first power rails S1 not critical because of the high-voltage electrical drive units 7 , 8th during the electrical charging of the high-voltage battery, especially the cell modules 3rd , especially during AC charging, are inactive.

The through the second coupling symbol arrow P2 Shown electromagnetic coupling of the electrical high-voltage DC auxiliary units to the first busbars S1 is in accordance with this third embodiment 4th also uncritical because the AC EMC filter unit 19th now in the second installation space B2 and therefore near the AC socket 13 and is located in the vicinity of the AC charging connection and thus the interference of the electrical high-voltage DC auxiliary units are damped.

The through the third coupling symbol arrow P3 Shown electromagnetic coupling of the electrical high-voltage DC auxiliary units to the electrical high-voltage drive units 7 , 8th is not critical since the electrical high-voltage drive units 7 , 8th during the electrical charging of the Hochvoit battery, especially the cell modules 3rd , especially during AC charging, are inactive.

Through these advantageous solutions according to the second and third embodiment, exemplified in 3rd or. 4th , is thus a transmission of electromagnetic interference from the electrical high-voltage DC auxiliary units to the AC socket 13 and thus avoided on the AC charging port. Furthermore, the arrangement of the AC EMC filter unit 19th the on-board charger unit and, for example, the power factor correction filter unit (PFC) 18th the electrical on-board charger unit in the second installation space B2 a space requirement in the third space B3 reduced. When the power factor correction filter unit (PFC) 18th the electrical on-board charger unit is not in the second installation space B2 is arranged, but in the third space B3 as with the second embodiment according to 3rd shown and described, there is also a cooling request in the second space B2 avoided, ie there is then advantageously no cooling device in the second installation space B2 required.

Reference list

1

vehicle

2nd

High-voltage electrical system

3rd

Cell module

4th

Current sensor

5

first separator unit

6

second separator unit

7

Front high-voltage electric drive unit

8th

rear electric high-voltage drive unit

9

third separator unit

10th

DC charging socket

11

Filter unit

12th

Low voltage DC converter

13

AC socket

14

Low-voltage electrical system

15

Heating unit

16

Refrigerant compressors

17th

isolating DC converters

18th

Power factor correction filter unit

19th

AC EMC filter unit

B1, B2, B3

Installation space

HA

Rear axle

HV +, HV-

Potential line

P1, P2, P3

Coupling symbol arrow

S1, S2, S3

Track

VA

Front axle

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is only included for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent literature cited

• DE 102018002926 A1 [0002]

Claims (10)

Vehicle (1) with an electrical high-voltage electrical system (2), characterized in that three installation spaces (B1, B2, B3) are provided for components of the high-voltage electrical system (2), the three installation spaces (B1, B2, B3) in the longitudinal axis direction of the vehicle (1) are arranged one behind the other, in particular between a front axle (VA) and a rear axle (HA) of the vehicle (1), the first installation space (B1) in a central region of the vehicle (1), the second installation space (B2) in a rear area of the vehicle (1) is arranged behind the first installation space (B1) and the third installation space (B3) in a front area of the vehicle (1) in front of the first installation space (B1), an AC charging socket (13) outside the three Installation spaces (B1, B2, B3) are arranged in the area of the second installation space (B2) on the vehicle (1), an insulating DC / DC converter (17) of an electrical on-board charger unit is arranged in the third installation space (B3) and an AC EMC filter unit (19 ) the electrical Bordl wire unit is arranged in the second installation space (B2) and wherein through the first installation space (B1) busbars (S1, S2, S3) for AC charging operation by means of the electrical on-board charger unit, for electrical high-voltage DC auxiliary units of the vehicle (1) and for electrical high-voltage drive units (7, 8) of the vehicle (1) run parallel. Vehicle (1) after Claim 1 , characterized in that a power factor correction filter unit (18) of the electrical on-board charger unit is arranged in the third installation space (B3) or in the second installation space (B2). Vehicle (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a cooling device is provided in the second installation space (B2), in particular when the power factor correction filter unit (18) of the electrical on-board charger unit is arranged in the second installation space (B2). Vehicle (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that cell modules (3) of a high-voltage battery are arranged in the first installation space (B1). Vehicle (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a current sensor (4), a first separating element unit (5) for the electrical high-voltage direct current auxiliary units, a second separating element unit (6) for the electrical high-voltage drive units (7, 8), a third separating element unit (9) for a DC charging socket (10) and / or a filter unit (11) for fast interference pulses and high-energy interference pulses are arranged in the second installation space (B2). Vehicle (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a low-voltage DC converter (12) is arranged in the third installation space (B3). Vehicle (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electrical high-voltage DC auxiliary units comprise an electrical heating unit (15), in particular auxiliary heater, and / or an electrical refrigerant compressor (16) and / or the low-voltage DC converter (12). Vehicle (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electrical high-voltage DC auxiliary units or at least some of the electrical high-voltage DC auxiliary units are arranged outside the three installation spaces (B1, B2, B3) in the region of the third brewing space (B3). Vehicle (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electrical high-voltage drive units (7, 8) are arranged outside the three installation spaces (B1, B2, B3), the front electrical high-voltage drive unit (7) in the region of the third installation space ( B3) is arranged and the rear electrical high-voltage drive unit (8) is arranged in the region of the second installation space (B2). Vehicle (1) according to one of the Claims 5 to 9 , characterized in that the DC charging socket (10) and / or an electrical low-voltage electrical system (14) of the vehicle (1) are / is arranged outside the three installation spaces (B1, B2, B3), the DC charging socket (10) in the region of the second Installation space (B2) is arranged.

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