DE102018203817A1 - retractor - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a belt retractor for a safety belt (11) with a belt spool (20) for winding and unwinding the seat belt (11) and at least one belt force limiting device (KB1). According to the invention, the belt force limiting device (KB1) is a first belt force limiting element (E1) and a second, relative to the first Gurtkraftbegrenzungselement (E1) rotatable Gurtkraftbegrenzungselement (E2) and at least one of Gurtkraftbegrenzungselemente (E1, E2) has at least one radially deformable portion which in a relative rotation between the first and second Gurtkraftbegrenzungselement (E1 ) is deformed radially.

Description

The invention relates to a belt retractor with at least one Gurtkraftbegrenzungseinrichtung and the features according to the preamble of claim 1.

Under Gurtkraftbegrenzungseinrichtungen be understood hereinafter devices that allow actually retracted Gurtbandauszug further rotation of the belt reel and thereby limit the Gurtrückhaltekraft the seat belt, for example in the event of an accident in which a belted with the seat belt occupant dips into the seat belt and a non-yielding seat belt could be hurt. Gurtkraftbegrenzungseinrichtungen require for Gurtbandauszug a Gurtrückhaltekraft and can therefore also be referred to as retaining force generating devices.

Such a belt retractor is from the international patent application WO 2017/174641 A1 known. This known belt retractor comprises two Gurtkraftbegrenzungseinrichtungen. One of the Gurtkraftbegrenzungseinrichtungen has a torsion bar, which allows for locked lock base further rotation of the belt reel and thereby generates a predetermined Gurtbandrückhaltekraft. Another Gurtkraftbegrenzungseinrichtung comprises a disc which is axially deformed for Gurtkraftbegrenzung and is arranged outside of the belt reel.

Based on the described prior art, the present invention seeks to provide a belt retractor, which has a simple and space-saving design.

This object is achieved on the basis of a belt retractor of the type described above according to the invention by the characterizing features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the belt retractor according to the invention are specified in subclaims.

Thereafter, the invention provides that the Gurtkraftbegrenzungseinrichtung a first Gurtkraftbegrenzungselement and a second, relative to the first Gurtkraftbegrenzungselement rotatable Gurtkraftbegrenzungselement and at least one of Gurtkraftbegrenzungselemente has at least one radially deformable portion which is radially deformed in a relative rotation between the first and second Gurtkraftbegrenzungselement.

A significant advantage of the belt retractor according to the invention is the fact that in this for Gurtkraftbegrenzung a radial deformation - instead of an axial as in the aforementioned document - is used, creating a particularly compact design of the belt retractor is possible.

With a view to a particularly space-saving construction of the belt retractor, it is considered advantageous if the Gurtkraftbegrenzungseinrichtung is arranged in total or at least partially within the belt reel. It when the first and second Gurtkraftbegrenzungselement are arranged in an inner cavity of the belt reel is particularly advantageous.

The Gurtkraftbegrenzungseinrichtung preferably has an activatable and / or deactivatable locking device which is adapted to block in the locked state rotation of the first Gurtkraftbegrenzungselements relative to the second Gurtkraftbegrenzungselement and the belt reel or at least delay. By activating the locking device can be an additional belt retention force at any time, for example, delayed, for example, delayed to the Gurtrückhaltekraft another Gurtkraftbegrenzungseinrichtung set. By deactivating the locking device can be achieved in an advantageous manner that the additional Gurtrückhaltekraft can be switched off at any time, for example, to determine the Gurtrückhaltekraft exclusively by one or more other Gurtkraftbegrenzungseinrichtungen.

It is advantageous if the belt retractor has at least one further belt force limiting device, that is, a total of at least two belt force limiting devices. It is particularly advantageous if the at least two belt force limiting devices can each be switched on and off individually in order to achieve a desired course of the belt retention force over the belt webbing extension.

The at least one further belt force limiting device preferably comprises a torsion bar which is arranged inside or outside the belt reel.

It is advantageous if the radial deformation is an elastic deformation.

With a view to a compact construction of the belt retractor, it is considered advantageous if the first or second Gurtkraftbegrenzungselement has a spring device with at least one inwardly or outwardly radially protruding spring element and the spring element with Recesses cooperates in the other Gurtkraftbegrenzungselement.

The spring device is preferably a one-piece disc. The one or more spring elements are preferably one-piece components of the disc.

The other Gurtkraftbegrenzungselement preferably has a rotation angle-dependent contour, in particular inner contour, on which the spring element bears radially and which causes a relative rotation of the spring element relative to the contour of a resilient radial deflection of the spring element.

The first and second Gurtkraftbegrenzungselement preferably form a form-fitting overload clutch, which is designed such that it is based on a form-fitting in the engaged state and disengages when exceeding a predetermined, acting in Gurtbandauszugsrichtung belt pullout, disengages the positive connection, and thereby another Webbing allows even with locked locking device Gurtkraftbegrenzungseinrichtung.

One of the Gurtkraftbegrenzungselemente is preferably formed by an inner ring and the other of Gurtkraftbegrenzungselemente by an outer ring. The inner ring is preferably arranged coaxially in the outer ring.

Spring elements of the inner ring preferably form positive locking elements which cooperate positively with recesses in the inner contour of the outer ring and produce a positive connection between the outer ring and the inner ring, wherein the interlocking elements are elastically resilient so that they are separated upon reaching a predetermined Gurtbandauszugskraft of the recesses, whereby a further Gurtbandauszug is made possible with locked locking device of the belt force limiting device.

The interlocking elements are preferably formed by helical legs which converge inwardly towards a inner portion of the inner ring along a predetermined spiral rotation direction, the spiral rotation direction of the relative rotational direction which the outer ring has relative to the inner ring when the seat belt is unwound from the belt reel.

The first or second Gurtkraftbegrenzungselement is preferably rotatably connected to the belt reel or formed by a portion of the belt reel.

The spiral-shaped limbs emerge from the inner region of the inner ring or from the inner region of the disc, preferably at least approximately radially outward, and are subsequently bent counter to the direction of the spiral rotation.

Also, it is considered advantageous if the helical legs by bending against the spiral rotation direction have a predetermined angle of rotation between the inner ring and the disc inner region facing away from the leg end and the radially emerging from the inner region of the inner ring or from the disc inner region leg attachment end, wherein the angle of rotation is between 90 and 225 degrees, in particular has a value of 180 degrees or at least approximately 180 degrees.

The leg width is preferably constant in the leg longitudinal direction. Also, the leg width of the spiral legs vary in the leg longitudinal direction. It is particularly advantageous if the spiral legs taper in the leg longitudinal direction.

The distance between the spiral legs is preferably constant or equidistant in leg longitudinal direction at least in sections.

The recesses are preferably formed asymmetrically in the inner contour of the outer ring.

The spring device is preferably a stamped or stamped bent part.

• 1 eine Prinzipdarstellung eines Ausführungsbeispiels für einen erfindungsgemäßen Gurtaufroller,
• 2 Ausführungsbeispiele für einen Innenring und einen Außenring, die gemeinsam bei einer ersten Gurtkraftbegrenzungseinrichtung des Gurtaufrollers eingesetzt werden können,
• 3 den Innenring gemäß 2 in einer anderen Darstellung mit Kreissektoren,
• 4 den Innenring gemäß 2 in einer wiederum anderen Darstellung,
• 5 ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel für einen Innenring,
• 6 noch ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel für einen Innenring,
• 7 ein Ausführungsbeispiel, bei dem ein Außenring an der Gurtspule angeformt ist,
• 8 ein Ausführungsbeispiel, bei dem der Innenring mit der Gurtspule drehfest verbunden ist, und
• 9 ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel für einen Außenring und einen dazu passenden Innenring.

The necessary for a relative rotation between the first and second Gurtkraftbegrenzungselement Gurtauszugskraft may also be based on friction between the first and second Gurtkraftbegrenzungselement and thus friction or at least friction determined. For example, the surface of the Gurtkraftbegrenzungselemente, in particular those of legs and / or recesses, be rough or rippled to increase the friction. Embodiments of the invention are explained below with reference to figures; thereby show exemplarily:

• 1 a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a belt retractor according to the invention,
• 2 Embodiments of an inner ring and an outer ring, which can be used together in a first belt force limiting device of the belt retractor,
• 3 according to the inner ring 2 in another representation with circular sectors,
• 4 according to the inner ring 2 in another turn,
• 5 another embodiment of an inner ring,
• 6 yet another embodiment of an inner ring,
• 7 an embodiment in which an outer ring is integrally formed on the belt reel,
• 8th an embodiment in which the inner ring is rotatably connected to the belt reel, and
• 9 a further embodiment of an outer ring and a matching inner ring.

For the sake of clarity, the same reference numbers are always used in the figures for identical or comparable components.

The 1 shows components of an embodiment of a belt retractor 10 Among other things, for rolling up a seatbelt 11 a belt reel 20 , a lock base 21 and a locking mechanism 22 to lock the lockout base 21 having. The lock base 21 is over one inside the belt reel 20 arranged torsion bar 23 with the in the 1 left end of the belt reel 20 connected.

The belt retractor 10 according to the 1 has two Gurtkraftbegrenzungseinrichtungen, namely a first Gurtkraftbegrenzungseinrichtung KB1 and a second belt force limiting device KB2 ,

The first belt force limiting device KB1 comprises in the embodiment according to 1 a first belt force limiting element E1 and a coupled with it and with the belt reel 20 rotatably connected second belt force limiting element E2 , The rotation of the first belt force limiting element E1 can with respect to the second Gurtkraftbegrenzungselement E2 and thus against the belt reel 20 by means of a locking device SV blocked or delayed. As will be explained in detail below, the belt force limiting device allows KB1 with active locking device SV another Gurtbandauszug and further rotation of the belt reel 20 upon reaching or exceeding a corresponding Gurtbandauszugskraft, in the context of a relative rotation for a radial deformation of parts of the Gurtkraftbegrenzungseinrichtung KB1 must be applied.

The second belt force limiting device KB2 of the belt retractor 10 according to 1 gets through the torsion bar 23 formed, the locked Sperrbasis 21 By twisting also a further rotation of the belt reel 20 allowed to cause a corresponding Gurtbandauszugskraft. Gurtkraftbegrenzung by a torsion bar is known for example from the publication mentioned.

In the 2 is an embodiment of components of the second belt force limiting device KB2 shown. The second belt force limiting device KB2 includes an outer ring 30 that has an inner contour 40 having in the form of an internal toothing. The outer ring 30 forms part of a form-fitting overload clutch 50 to which an inner ring 60 belongs. The inner ring 60 is formed for example by a radially resilient flat disc (hereinafter referred to as spring washer).

The inner ring 60 is in the outer ring 30 arranged coaxially. The inner ring 60 can be relative to the outer ring 30 rotate.

In the 2 In addition, it can be seen that the inner ring 60 Form-fitting elements 110 in the form of spring elements formed by helical legs. The leg ends 120 grab in recesses 130 the inner contour 40 so that during normal operation of the belt retractor 10 and unlocked locking device SV the inner ring 60 and the outer ring 30 rotatably coupled with each other and the outer ring 30 rotates when the inner ring 60 is rotated, and vice versa, the inner ring 60 rotates when the outer ring 30 is turned.

However, an overload situation in the case of a locked locking device SV achieved at the belt reel 20 too great a force on the second belt force limiting device KB2 exercise, so the recesses 130 from the leg ends located therein 120 separated, so that the outer ring 30 and the inner ring 60 can rotate relative to each other. Described descriptively slips in this case, each leg end 120 from its respective recess 130 out and slips into the nearest recess 130 into it. This slip continues as long as the overload situation continues; only after the end of the overload situation are the leg ends 120 again in a nearest recess 130 snap, thereby forming a positive connection, a coupling restored and the overload clutch 50 is engaged again.

To the described engagement and disengagement of the leg ends 120 to enable are the spiral legs 120 resilient, so that the described engagement and disengagement can be done "reversible"; In other words, so the overload clutch 50 not when disengaging but remains operational for subsequent engagement and disengagement operations.

In the 2 is also exemplified that the spiral legs 110 with the leg ends 120 are preferably evenly distributed on the circumference of the spring washer.

In addition, it can be seen that the spiral legs along a predetermined Spiralrehrichtung D1 converge inwards, with the spiral rotation direction D1 the spiral leg of the Gurtabrollrichtung D2 the belt reel 20 is opposite.

The direction of rotation D2 thus corresponds to the relative direction of rotation (relative to the inner ring 60 ), which is the outer ring 30 when the seat belt from the belt reel 20 is rolled off.

The spiral direction of rotation D1 corresponds to the relative direction of rotation of the spring washer, which is the spring washer relative to the outer ring 30 when the seat belt is unrolled from the belt spool and the spiral legs 110 on the inner contour 40 slip through the outer ring. The spiral direction D1 ensures that the clutch works "on train", not "on pressure"; This configuration ensures that the overload clutch 50 reversible coupling and uncoupling without damage.

As reflected in the 2 It also reveals the recesses 130 - seen in the direction of rotation - asymmetrically shaped; For example, have the recesses 130 a sawtooth shape. The design of the recesses 130 is preferably predetermined such that each recess in Gurtabrollrichtung D2 The belt spool initially saw a steep flank F1 (with a steep rise angle) and then a flat flank F2 (with a shallow drop angle). This design ensures in a particularly simple manner that the spiral legs 110 relative to the outer ring 30 can move without breaking off. In addition, vibrations in the spring washer are kept low.

In the 3 is shown that the spiral legs 110 a circular sector 200 around the center M the spring washer 60 - Starting from the leg beginning 220 on the disk inside 300 - paint over. The circular sector angle α is slightly more than 90 degrees in this embodiment. The spiral legs are preferred 110 designed such that the circular sector angle α between 30 and 225 degrees.

In the 4 is the spring washer 60 shown again, wherein in this illustration, the course of the spiral legs is highlighted. It can be seen that each spiral leg 110 at its leg attachment end 220 - hereinafter called short leg beginning - from the disc interior 300 initially approximately perpendicular or radially outward emerges (see P1 ) and only then against the Spiralrehrichtung D1 is bent over. By bending against the direction of spiral rotation D1 becomes a rotation angle ω between the leg beginning 220 and the leg end 120 (see arrow direction P3 ) caused; this angle of rotation ω lies in the embodiment according to the 4 at about 180 degrees, because in the middle of the leg 310 (see arrow direction P2 ) is already reached a rotation angle of about 90 degrees.

Preferably, the angle of rotation is ω in a range between 90 ° and 225 °, for example, has a value of about 180 °, as in the 4 is shown by way of example.

The given belt pullout force at which the overload clutch 50 is to be decoupled, is preferably dimensioned such that the overload clutch disengages, if in the case of a vehicle accident, a critical maneuver or an emergency braking situation protected by the seat belt occupant drowned mass inertia in the seat belt and exerts a predetermined maximum force in Gurtauszugsrichtung. The decoupling allows rotation to produce a belt force limit.

As reflected in the 4 In addition, it can be seen, the leg width in the leg longitudinal direction is at least approximately constant. Also, the distance between the spiral legs 110 in leg longitudinal direction at least partially constant or equidistant.

The setting of the belt pullout force at which the overload clutch is to disengage can be determined, for example, by the hardness of the spring washer 60 , the leg width and the thickness of the spring washer 60 and thus the thigh thickness, the shape of the leg ends 120 as well as the shape of the recesses 130 influence. In addition, by a suitable choice of material of the spring washer 60 or the material of the leg ends 120 as well as the material of the recesses 130 an additional friction component can be added so that the coupling behavior of the overload clutch 50 not only by positive locking, but also by frictional control.

As mentioned earlier, after a drop in the overload clutch 50 adjoining Torque below the overload torque specified for disengaging the positive connection between the spring washer 60 and the outer ring 30 restored, so that the overload clutch 50 will dock again. The coupling process and the decoupling process are completely reversible, so that the overload clutch is largely wear-resistant.

In the 5 is another embodiment of an inner ring 60 shown. In this embodiment, the spiral form-locking elements or legs 110 starting from the leg attachment end 220 (Leg start) tapers in the leg longitudinal direction. Thus, the deformation behavior is optimized and optimized the stress distribution in the form-locking elements.

In the 6 is yet another embodiment of an inner ring 60 shown. In this embodiment, the form-locking elements or legs 110 from the interior 470 aligned radially outwards. An outlet area 460 is from the flat flank F2 bent away to a distance d to the flat flank F2 to ensure.

In the 9 is another embodiment of an outer ring 30 with an inner ring located therein 60 shown. In contrast to the embodiment according to 2 is the shape of the recesses 130 chosen inversely, namely such that each recess in Gurtabrollrichtung D2 The belt spool initially saw a flat flank F2 (with a flat angle of rise) and then a steep slope F1 (with a steep drop angle).

The outer ring 30 can rotate with the belt reel 20 be connected, preferably integrally formed on this (see. 7 , and thus the second belt force limiting element E2 according to 1 form; in this case, the inner ring works 60 as the first belt force limiting element E1 via an intermediate element 80 with the locking device SV together.

Alternatively, with the belt reel 20 also the spring washer 60 be rotatably connected (for example via a connecting element 500 , please refer 8th ) or integrally formed on this, and thus the first Gurtkraftbegrenzungselement E1 according to the 1 form; In this case, the outer ring would 30 as the first belt force limiting element E2 according to the 1 with the locking device SV work together.

While the invention has been further illustrated and described in detail by way of preferred embodiments, the invention is not limited by the disclosed examples, and other variations can be derived therefrom by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10

retractor

11

safety belt

20

belt reel

21

lock base

22

locking mechanism

23

torsion bar

30

outer ring

40

inner contour

50

Overload clutch

60

Inner ring, spring washer

80

intermediate element

110

Positive locking elements, legs

120

leg ends

130

recesses

200

circular sector

220

leg early

300

Slice indoors

310

the leg center

460

discharge area

470

interior

500

connecting member

d

distance

D1

Spiral direction of rotation

D2

belt extracting

E1

Gurtkraftbegrenzungselement

E2

Gurtkraftbegrenzungselement

F1

steep flank

F2

flat flank

KB1

Gurtkraftbegrenzungseinrichtung

KB2

Gurtkraftbegrenzungseinrichtung

M

Bull's-eye

P1

Orientation on exit from the disk interior

P2

Alignment in thigh center

P3

Alignment at the end of the leg

SV

locking device

α

Circle sector angle

ω

angle of rotation

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• WO 2017/174641 A1 [0003]

Claims (12)

Belt retractor (10) for a safety belt (11) with a belt spool (20) for winding and unwinding the seat belt (11) and at least one belt force limiting device (KB1), characterized in that - the belt force limiting device (KB1) has a first belt force limiting element (E1) and a second, relative to the first Gurtkraftbegrenzungselement (E1) rotatable Gurtkraftbegrenzungselement (E2) and - at least one of Gurtkraftbegrenzungselemente (E1, E2) at least one radially deformable portion which in a relative rotation between the first and second Gurtkraftbegrenzungselement (E1) radially is deformed. Belt retractor (10) to Claim 1 , characterized in that the Gurtkraftbegrenzungseinrichtung (KB1) is arranged in total or at least partially within the belt reel (20). Belt retractor (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the Gurtkraftbegrenzungseinrichtung (KB1) has an activatable and / or deactivatable locking device (SV), which is designed, in the locked state, a rotation of the first Gurtkraftbegrenzungselements (E1) relative to the second Belt force limiting element (E1) to block or at least delay. Belt retractor (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the belt retractor (10) has at least one further Gurtkraftbegrenzungseinrichtung (KB2). Belt retractor (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - the first or second Gurtkraftbegrenzungselement (E1, E2) has a spring means with at least one inwardly or outwardly radially protruding spring element (110) and - the spring element (110) Recesses (130) cooperates in the other Gurtkraftbegrenzungselement. Belt retractor (10) to Claim 5 , characterized in that the spring means is a one-piece disc and the one or more spring elements (110) are integral parts of the disc. Belt retractor (10) to Claim 5 or 6 , characterized in that the other Gurtkraftbegrenzungselement (E1, E2) has a rotation angle-dependent contour, in particular inner contour (40), on which the spring element (110) bears radially and the relative rotation of the spring element (110) relative to the contour of a resilient radial deflection of the spring element (110) causes. Belt retractor (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - the first and second Gurtkraftbegrenzungselement (E1, E2) form a form-fitting overload clutch (50) which is designed such that it is based on a form-fitting in the engaged state and at exceeding a predetermined, acting in Gurtbandauszugsrichtung Gurtauszugskraft disengaged by the positive engagement is canceled, and thereby allows a further Gurtbandauszug even with locked locking device (SV) Gurtkraftbegrenzungseinrichtung (KB1). Belt retractor (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - one of the Gurtkraftbegrenzungselemente (E1, E2) by an inner ring (60) and the other of Gurtkraftbegrenzungselemente (E1, E2) by an outer ring (30) is formed, wherein the Inner ring (60) in the outer ring (30) is arranged coaxially and spring elements (110) of the inner ring (60) form positive locking elements (110) which cooperate positively with recesses (130) in the inner contour (40) of the outer ring (30) and a form-fitting connection between the outer ring (30) and the inner ring (60) produce, - wherein the interlocking elements (110) are elastically resilient so that they are separated upon reaching a predetermined Gurtbandauszugskraft of the recesses (130), whereby a further Gurtbandauszug when locked Locking device (SV) of the belt force limiting device (KB1) is made possible. Belt retractor (10) to Claim 9 characterized in that the interlocking elements (110) are formed by helical limbs converging inwardly towards a inner portion of the inner ring (60) along a predetermined spiral rotation direction, the spiral rotation direction of the relative rotational direction of the outer ring (30) relative to the inner ring (30). 60) when the seat belt (11) is unrolled from the belt spool (20) is opposite. Belt retractor (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first or second Gurtkraftbegrenzungselement (E1, E2) with the belt reel (20) rotatably connected or formed by a portion of the belt reel (20). Belt retractor (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first and second Gurtkraftbegrenzungselement (E1, E2) in an inner cavity of the belt reel (20) are arranged.

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