DE102018111567A1 - Drive arrangement for a wheel of a wheelchair - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a drive arrangement (100) for a wheel (2) of a wheelchair (6) or the like with an electric drive (7) and a brake assembly (15), wobeia. the brake assembly (15) comprises a fixed brake member (16, 17) and a brake member (16, 17) rotatable with the wheel (2), b. a spring element (20) is provided, wherein the brake parts (16, 17) are axially or radially movable relative to each other, c. one of the brake parts (16, 17) with a closed brake indirectly or directly spring-loaded against the other brake part (16, 17) presses, d. When the brake is open, the brake parts (16, 17) are held directly or indirectly by a holding element (23) spaced from each other.

Description

The invention relates to a drive arrangement for a wheel of a wheelchair or the like with an electric drive and a brake assembly.

It is known to equip the wheels of a wheelchair with an electric drive, in particular to retrofit, so that a user can not only drive the wheelchair manually, but receives motor assistance in moving the wheelchair.

In order to detect the wheelchair in one position, it is conceivable to provide a brake acting, for example, on the tire of the wheel of the wheelchair. However, such brakes are often difficult or impossible to operate or to solve for a disabled user. Therefore, it is advantageous if a brake is coupled to the drive itself. Preferably, the brake should brake automatically when there is an electrical fault and / or a battery or an accumulator fails.

Previous attempts to provide a brake on the axle of the wheel have failed especially when the drive is a direct drive, i. H. a gearless drive, acts. Often the braking forces generated were too low.

The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a drive arrangement with which reliable braking, in particular in the sense of a parking brake, of the wheelchair wheel is possible.

1. a) die Bremsanordnung ein in Radumfangsrichtung feststehendes Bremsenteil und ein mit dem Rad rotierbares Bremsenteil aufweist,
2. b) die Bremsenteile axial oder radial relativ zueinander bewegbar sind,
3. c) ein Federelement vorgesehen ist, wobei eines der Bremsenteile bei geschlossener Bremse mittelbar oder unmittelbar federbeaufschlagt gegen das andere Bremsenteil drückt,
4. d) bei geöffneter Bremse die Bremsenteile mittelbar oder unmittelbar durch ein Halteelement voneinander beabstandet gehalten sind.

This object is achieved according to the invention by a drive arrangement for a wheel of a wheelchair or the like with an electric drive and a brake assembly, wherein

1. a) the brake arrangement has a brake part fixed in the wheel circumferential direction and a brake part rotatable with the wheel,
2. b) the brake parts are movable axially or radially relative to one another,
3. c) a spring element is provided, wherein one of the brake parts presses indirectly or directly spring-loaded against the other brake part when the brake is closed,
4. d) with the brake open, the brake parts are indirectly or directly held by a holding element spaced from each other.

The fact that one of the brake parts presses spring-loaded against the other brake part, the brake can also be activated when no power supply is present or an electrical connection to the power supply is interrupted. Thus, a wheelchair having the drive assembly according to the invention is always in a safe condition. In particular, the brake can close automatically, especially if there is no power supply. To open the brake or to hold the brake in the open state, a holding element is provided. The holding element can be electrically driven, for example, and keep the brake open when a driving force is requested, ie in particular when the drive is activated. In this case, the holding element with the drive and / or a control element, such as a joystick, a foot control, a gripping ring electrically and / or signal technically coupled. In particular, it can be provided that the brake opens automatically when the electric drive is energized, so that a movement of the wheelchair, in which the drive assembly is arranged, is possible. If, on the other hand, no drive force is requested, for example, a control element is transferred to a zero position, then the brake can be activated automatically because the retaining element is no longer supplied with energy and thus due to the spring an automatic, purely mechanical closing of the brake takes place.

One of the brake parts can be arranged completely stationary on the wheel, d. H. be neither axially nor radially movable. In addition, it can not be rotatable with the wheel. The other brake part, however, may be movable relative to the stationary brake part.

It is particularly advantageous if the holding element is designed as an electromagnet or comprises such. By an electromagnet, for example, the one brake member, which is axially or radially movable, are tightened so that it comes out of contact with the other brake part and the brake is opened. An electromagnet can be controlled particularly easily.

The spring element may be formed as a compression spring. The holding element can therefore act counter to the compression spring. If the holding element is subjected to a current, it attracts the brake part indirectly or directly against the action of the compression spring to open the brake. If, however, the holding part is no longer energized, then the compression spring automatically presses the corresponding brake part to the other brake part and thereby closes the brake.

The drive assembly may be gearless, for example, the drive may be designed as a direct drive. In particular, if one of the brake parts is radially movable, a sufficiently high braking force can be generated, so that even wheels with direct drive can be reliably braked.

Particular advantages arise when a between at least one of the brake parts and the holding element and / or the spring element arranged mechanical transmission mechanism is provided. For example, this can be used to generate a translation, so that the forces to be applied by the retaining element and / or the compression spring can be kept low, and nevertheless a sufficient braking force is present. About the transmission mechanism, the holding element and / or the spring element interact indirectly with the brake parts together.

At least one of the brake parts may have a form-locking element. By means of interlocking elements can be made a particularly reliable detection of a wheel.

The form-fitting element can be formed, for example, as a toothing.

At least one of the brake parts may have an axial or a peripheral toothing. An axial toothing is understood to be a toothing in which the elevations and depressions of the toothing are aligned axially (in the direction of the wheel axis). A circumferential toothing is understood to be a toothing in which the elevations and depressions of the toothing extend in the circumferential direction of the wheel. Such a toothing acts essentially by frictional engagement.

Basically, different brake pads are conceivable. Also friction linings can be used. In this case, one of the brake parts or both brake parts may have a brake pad.

It is also conceivable that a plurality of brake assemblies or a brake assembly are provided with more than two brake parts.

According to one embodiment of the invention can be provided that one of the brake parts, in particular by a toggle lever, is circumferentially expandable. In such an embodiment, particularly high braking forces can be applied.

Further advantages arise when mechanical ventilation of the brake assembly is provided. This means that the brake, which closes automatically in the absence of power supply, can also be opened mechanically without a power supply is necessary.

For example, an eccentric can be provided, which acts on a toggle lever arrangement, thereby releasing a brake part from the other brake part.

In the context of the invention also falls a wheel for a wheelchair with a drive assembly according to the invention and a wheelchair with such a wheel.

Further features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of embodiments of the invention, with reference to the figures of the drawing, which shows essential to the invention, and from the claims. The features shown there are not necessarily to scale and presented in such a way that the features of the invention can be made clearly visible. The various features may be implemented individually for themselves or for a plurality of combinations in variants of the invention.

In the schematic drawing embodiments of the invention are shown in various stages of use and explained in more detail in the following description.

• 1 eine erste schematische Darstellung eines Rads eines Rollstuhls;
• 2 eine weitere schematische Darstellung einer alternativen Ausführungsform eines Rads für einen Rollstuhl;
• 3 eine schematische Darstellung zur Erläuterung einer Bremsanordnung;
• 4a eine Ausführungsform einer Bremsanordnung mit umfangsmäßig aufweitbarem Bremsenteil in einer „geschlossen“-Stellung;
• 4b die Bremsanordnung der 4a in einer „offen“-Stellung;
• 5a eine Seitenansicht einer Bremsanordnung;
• 5b eine Schnittdarstellung der Antriebsanordnung der 5a;
• 6a eine Seitenansicht einer Antriebsanordnung mit einer axial ausgerichteten Verzahnung der Bremsenteile;
• 6b eine Schnittdarstellung der Anordnung gemäß der 6a;
• 7a eine Seitenansicht einer Antriebsanordnung;
• 7b eine Schnittdarstellung der Antriebsanordnung gemäß der 7a;
• 8a eine axial wirkende Bremsanordnung bei geöffneter Bremse;
• 8b die Anordnung gemäß der 8a in einer „geschlossen“-Stellung.

Show it:

• 1 a first schematic representation of a wheel of a wheelchair;
• 2 a further schematic representation of an alternative embodiment of a wheel for a wheelchair;
• 3 a schematic representation for explaining a brake assembly;
• 4a an embodiment of a brake assembly with circumferentially expandable brake member in a "closed"position;
• 4b the brake assembly of 4a in an "open"position;
• 5a a side view of a brake assembly;
• 5b a sectional view of the drive assembly of 5a ;
• 6a a side view of a drive assembly with an axially aligned toothing of the brake parts;
• 6b a sectional view of the arrangement according to the 6a ;
• 7a a side view of a drive assembly;
• 7b a sectional view of the drive assembly according to the 7a ;
• 8a an axially acting brake assembly with the brake open;
• 8b the arrangement according to the 8a in a "closed" position.

The 1 shows a drive assembly 1 for a wheel 2 a wheelchair. The wheel 2 includes an impeller 3 which over spokes 4 with a hub 5 connected is. The wheel 2 is on a wheelchair only indicated 6 arranged.

The drive arrangement 1 comprises an electric drive designed as an electric motor 7 , which is shown only schematically. Furthermore, an electronics 8th for controlling the drive 7 as well as a power supply 9 provided in the form of a battery. The drive arrangement 1 has a wheelchair 6 fixedly arranged element 10 and a rotating element to it 11 on. The element 11 is by the drive 7 driven. To brake the wheel 2 is a brake assembly 15 provided in the Radumfangsrichtung a fixed brake part 16 and one with the bike 2 rotatable brake part 17 having. In the embodiment shown, the brake part 16 radially adjustable, in particular in the direction of the brake part 17 and movable away from it.

The embodiment of a drive arrangement 100 according to the 2 essentially represents a kinematic reversal of the arrangement 1 of the 1 Also in the 2 is a wheel 2 provided, which is an impeller 3 which has over spokes 4 with a hub 5 connected is. The wheel 2 is in a wheelchair 6 arranged. The drive arrangement 100 also has a trained as an electric motor drive 7 , an electronics 8th and a power supply 9 on. In contrast to the embodiment of 1 are in this case, however, drive 7 , Electronics 8th and energy supply 9 on the rotating element 111 and not on the stationary wheelchair 6 arranged element 110 arranged.

The signal transmission to the electronics 8th that the drive 7 controls takes place in this case contactless by means of the transmission elements 112 . 113 , The brake assembly 15 again has a brake part 16 and a brake part 17 on, in which case the brake part 16 with the wheel 2 is arranged rotating while the brake part 17 concerning the wheelchair 6 stationary, that is fixed.

The brake part 16 is radially movable. In particular, a spring element 20 provided on a trained as a toggle mechanism transmission mechanism 21 acts. The spring element 20 pushes the joint 22 the transmission mechanism 21 to the left and thereby forces the brake part 16 radially outward so that it is in contact with the brake part 17 passes and thus creates a braking effect. To open the brake is a holding element 23 provided, which is designed as an electromagnet. The holding element 23 can be the pivot point 22 against the spring force of the spring element 20 pull to the right. This will be the brake part 16 moved radially inward so that it out of contact with the brake element 17 and thus the brake is open. Preferably, the brake part 16 guided radially, so that there is only a radial movement with respect to the element 111 can perform. The transmission mechanism 21 is preferably at a fixed point 24 attached. spring element 20 and holding element 23 act indirectly via the transmission mechanism with the brake part 16 together.

The 3 again illustrates the principle of operation of the brake assembly 15 of the 2 , The transmission mechanism 21 is about the spring element 20 with the holding element 23 connected. In this case, the spring element can 20 on the holding element 23 support. Both the spring element 20 as well as the retaining element 23 act on the hinge point 22 , Will the holding element 23 , So the electromagnet, not energized, the spring element 20 the hinge point 22 from the holding element 23 move away, causing the transmission mechanism 21 extended and thereby the brake part 16 radially outward towards the brake part 17 can move. When the brake part 16 against the brake part 17 is pressed, the brake is closed and the wheel 2 can be determined. By driving the retaining element 23 can the hinge point 22 in the direction of holding element 23 be shifted so that the length of the transmission mechanism 21 overall shortened and the brake part 16 is moved radially inward and thus the brake part 17 free. The brake part 17 can then be together again with the bike 2 rotate. The brake part 16 can only be radially movable, but be arranged stationary in Radumfangsrichtung.

In the embodiment of a brake assembly 115 according to 4a are a brake part 116 and a brake part 117 intended. The brake part 117 is designed as a brake ring. The brake part 116 has sections 116.1 and 116.2 on, around a pivot point 116.3 are pivotable. The sections 116.1 . 116.2 are via a transmission mechanism 121 , which is designed as a toggle mechanism, coupled together. Between the sections 116.1 . 116.2 acts as a compression spring trained spring element 120 , One of the brake parts 116 . 117 may be rotatable in Radumfangsrichtung, while the other is fixed in the circumferential direction.

In the in the 4a shown position is the holding element 123 , which is designed as an electromagnet, not energized. This means that the lever 121.1 not by the retaining element 123 is attracted. The spring element 120 can still relax and thus the sections 116.1 . 116.2 widen circumferentially so that they are moved radially outward and over the brake pad 130 that is on the brake part 116 is arranged, against the brake part 117 Press to cause braking.

In the 4b is the brake assembly 115 shown in an open position. Here was the holding element 123 energized, so the lever 121.1 was pulled radially inward. This had the consequence that the spring element 120 was compressed and the sections 116.1 . 116.2 around the fulcrum 116.3 swung and moved towards each other. Thus, the brake part has 116 moved radially inward and from the brake part 117 solved.

The 5a shows a brake assembly 215 with three radially movable brake parts 216.1 . 216.2 . 216.3 , each via a transmission mechanism 221.1 . 221.2 . 221.3 with a holding element 223 are coupled.

The brake parts 216.1 . 216.2 . 216.3 act with a rotatable with a wheel brake part 217 together. In principle, however, it is also conceivable that the brake part 217 is arranged rotating and the brake parts 216.1 . 216.2 . 216.3 are fixed in Radumfangsrichtung.

The 5b shows a sectional view along the line Vb.-Vb. of the 5a , Here you can see that the brake parts 216.1 and 217 each having a toothing, wherein the toothing, ie the elevations and depressions, are aligned in the circumferential direction. Furthermore, it can be seen that a spring element designed as a compression spring 220 on the transmission mechanism 221.1 acts. In the embodiment shown was a slider 230 , which is part of the transmission mechanism 221.1 is, by the holding element 223 against the spring force of the spring element 220 moved to the right, so that the brake part 216.1 was moved radially inward and thus a gap between the brake part 216.1 and the brake part 217 is created so that no braking effect occurs. Will the holding element 223 no longer energized, so can the spring element 220 relax and push the slider 230 to the left, causing the brake part 216.1 moved radially outwards, so that it is in contact with the brake part 217 reaches, which leads to a braking. pusher 230 and transmission mechanism 221.1 provide an indirect coupling of spring element 220 and holding element 223 with the brake part 216.1 represents.

The 6a . 6b show a similar configuration as the 5a . 5b why the same reference numbers are used. The difference is only in the design of the brake parts 216.1 . 217 , In this case, a form-fitting element is provided in the form of a toothing. The toothing is axially aligned. Through cooperation of the brake parts 216.1 . 217 Thus, a positive connection, whereby a particularly good parking brake can be realized.

Also the 7a . 7b show an arrangement that is essentially the arrangement of 5a . 5b equivalent. Here is another type of toothing of the brake parts 216.1 . 217 shown. In particular, the toothing is designed here essentially trapezoidal. This also results in a positive connection when the brake parts 216.1 . 217 be brought into contact with each other. The brake parts 216.1 . 216.2 . 216.3 . 217 therefore have positive locking elements.

In the embodiment of a brake assembly 315 according to the 8a is a rotating brake part 317 provided, which with respect to a stationary brake part 316 is rotatable. The brake part 316 is axially movable. In particular, this is achieved by a spring element 320 axially in the direction of the brake part 317 pressed. In the illustration shown, however, the system is open because the brake part 316 through the retaining element 323 against the spring force of the spring element 320 was moved to the right.

In the 8b is the brake assembly 315 shown in a braking position. The holding element 323 is not powered, so the brake part 316 due to the force of the spring element 320 could move to the left and thus against the brake part 317 can press. To support is a support element 340 intended. Both the support element 340 as well as the brake part 316 can a brake pad, in particular a friction lining 330 , respectively.

Again, a kinematic reversal would be conceivable, so the brake part 317 to be fixed in Radumfangsrichtung and the brake part 316 To arrange rotatable in Radumfangsrichtung.

In this embodiment, the spring element act 320 and the holding element 323 directly on the brake part 316 ,

Claims (14)

Drive arrangement (1, 100) for a wheel (2) of a wheelchair (6) or the like with an electric drive (7) and a brake assembly (15, 115, 215, 315), wherein a. the brake arrangement (15, 115, 215, 315) has a brake part (16, 17, 116, 117, 216.1, 216.2, 216.3, 217, 316, 317) fixed in the circumferential direction of the wheel and a brake part (16) rotatable with the wheel (2). 17, 116, 117, 216.1, 216.2, 216.3, 217, 316, 317), b. a spring element (20, 120, 220, 320) is provided, wherein the brake parts (16, 17, 116, 117, 216.1, 216.2, 216.3, 217, 316, 317) are axially or radially movable relative to each other, c. one of the brake parts (16, 17, 116, 117, 216.1, 216.2, 216.3, 217, 316, 317) with the brake closed directly or indirectly spring-loaded against the other brake part (16, 17, 116, 117, 216.1, 216.2, 216.3, 217, 316, 317), d. when the brake is open, the brake parts (16, 17, 116, 117, 216.1, 216.2, 216.3, 217, 316, 317) are held directly or indirectly by a holding element (23, 123, 223, 323) spaced from each other. Drive arrangement according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the holding element (23, 123, 223, 323) is designed as an electromagnet or comprises such. Drive arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spring element (20, 120, 220, 320) is designed as a compression spring. Drive arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drive arrangement (1, 100) is gearless. Drive arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a between at least one of the brake parts (16, 17, 116, 117, 216.1, 216.2, 216.3, 217, 316, 317) and the holding element (23, 123, 223) and / or the spring element (20, 120, 220) arranged mechanical transmission mechanism (21, 221.1, 221.2, 221.3) is provided. Drive arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transfer mechanism (21, 121, 221.1, 221.2, 221.3) comprises a toggle lever. Drive arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one of the brake parts (16, 17, 116, 117, 216.1, 216.2, 216.3, 217, 316, 317) has a friction lining. Drive arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one of the brake parts (16, 17, 116, 117, 216.1, 216.2, 216.3, 217, 316, 317) has a form-locking element. Drive arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the positive-locking element is designed as a toothing. Drive arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one of the brake parts (16, 17, 116, 117, 216.1, 216.2, 216.3, 217, 316, 317) has an axial or a circumferential toothing. Drive arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that one of the brake parts (116) is circumferentially expandable by a toggle lever. Drive arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a mechanical ventilation of the brake assembly (15, 115, 215, 315) is provided. Wheel (2) for a wheelchair (6) with a drive arrangement according to one of the preceding claims. Wheelchair (6) with a wheel (2) after Claim 13 ,

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