DE102018001712A1 - Device and method for friction pressing for the production of deformed areas, in particular of flange structures, on profile-shaped workpieces - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a device (1) for friction pressing for the production of deformed areas, in particular of flange structures (15), on profiled workpieces (3), in particular on tubular profiles (3), comprising at least one pressing tool movable relative to the workpiece (3) (2), wherein the pressing tool (2) in the contact area between the workpiece (3) and the pressing tool (2) generates heat by friction and coupled into the workpiece. Here, the workpiece (3) is arranged stationary and / or rotationally fixed and the spinning tool (2) moves rotationally relative to the workpiece (3), the pressing tool (2) at least partially in the end region (4) of the profile-shaped workpiece (3) and at least radially outward (9) or radially inwardly is movable such that the spinning tool (2) thereby the workpiece (3) in the end region (4) of the profile-shaped workpiece (3) transforms, preferably flared widens. The device (1) can be used in particular as an attachment for hand-guided working machines, in particular for drills or high-speed drilling machines, in which the rotational movement (8) of the working machine rotatably drives the spinning tool (2). Furthermore, a corresponding method is proposed.

Description

The invention relates to a device for friction pressing for the production of deformed regions, in particular of flange structures, on profiled workpieces, in particular on tubular profiles according to the preamble of claim 1 and a corresponding method according to the preamble of claim 20.

The so-called friction pressing is a variant of the normal pressing of sheet metal workpieces. In conventional pressing usually curved, predominantly hollow workpieces are made by a local deformation of flat semi-finished or preformed semi-finished in that the semi-finished is offset relative to the spinning tool in a rotation and the spinning tool locally deforms the semi-finished, whereby the semifinished product in the sum This local transformations gradually takes the desired final shape. Here, usually the semi-finished product on a lathe or spinning machine o.ä. rotated and the spinning tool, e.g. a spinning roller or the like presses locally against this rotating semi-finished product and transforms it successively.

A disadvantage of this conventional pressing process is that the material of the semifinished product solidifies upon deformation and thereby increasingly difficult to deform. To compensate for this solidification is basically known, the forming process in such a way that when forming in the region of the local forming zone under the spinning tool by friction due to the relative movement between the spinning tool and semi-finished heat is generated, which at least partially passes into the semifinished product and this heated. It is therefore called in this so-called. Friction pressing of a heating of the workpiece by integration of friction processes. The basic process structure in friction pressing consists of a generally fixed tool and a rotating workpiece. The tool during friction pressing is configured differently than during normal pressing in such a way that a defined friction between the tool and the workpiece is established, which then causes the desired local heating of the workpiece. Unlike normal pressing the part of the tool that has direct contact with the workpiece, this is usually not rotatably mounted, but fixed. In this case, analogous to the normal pressing, the traversing movement of the tool is used for defined geometry generation.

The friction pressing is usually carried out on normal or converted spinning machines [1], wherein the semifinished product or workpiece is set in rotation and the spinning tool relatively performs the forming movements. The workpiece shapes that can be produced in this way can vary from simple linear to complex curved paths. The transformation of tubular semi-finished products is known in which about local average changes in the tubular cross-section (widening and bead-shaped indentations) or flange-shaped deformations in the region of the ends of the tubular semifinished product can be produced. The disadvantage of this is in particular that the production requires special spinning machines and therefore can only be made in the workshop.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to further develop the known friction pressing in such a way that, by the method of friction pressing, also in the area of construction sites or locations of e.g. tubular components flange formed shapes can be easily prepared by friction pressing.

The solution of the object of the invention results in terms of the device from the characterizing features of claim 1 and in terms of the method of the characterizing features of claim 20 in cooperation with the features of the associated preamble. Further advantageous embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims.

The invention with regard to the device is based on a device for friction pressing for the production of deformed areas, in particular flange structures on profiled workpieces, in particular tubular profiles, comprising at least one movable relative to the workpiece pressing tool, wherein the spinning tool in the contact area between the workpiece and the spinning tool generated by friction heat and coupled into the workpiece. Such a generic device is further developed by the invention that the workpiece is stationary and / or rotationally fixed and the spinning tool moves rotationally relative to the workpiece, wherein the spinning tool at least partially disposed in the end of the profile-shaped workpiece and at least radially outward or radially to is movable inside so that the spinning tool thereby the workpiece in the end region of the profile-shaped workpiece reshapes, preferably flared widens. The invention is based unlike the known, on stationary machines executable Reibdrücken on a rotating spinning tool and a stationary workpiece, in particular a fixed pipe end. By this reversal of the movements of the two forming components spinning tool and workpiece, it is possible, the friction known per se also fixed independently of stationary machines and above all, for example already at the installation built to make about tubular workpieces. The rotating about the workpiece pressing tool is thereby and primarily, but not necessarily exclusively, adjusted radially outward or radially inwardly relative to the workpiece and thus comes under friction in the pressure contact with the workpiece, causing the workpiece under heating of the forming in known manner locally deformed and thereby successively reshaped. Of course, it is also conceivable that the rotating pressing tool additionally or instead of the radially outwardly or radially inwardly extending feed movement also performs other movements during the forming, such as axial movements in the direction of the central axis of the tubular workpiece, for example. As a result, even more complex deformation geometries can be generated.

As a result of this reversal of the relative movement between the spinning tool and the workpiece, the area of use of the friction pressing known per se is greatly expanded and makes it possible, e.g. on construction sites or for repair purposes there on-site existing or already installed pipelines by means of friction pressures reshape and so. Bottle or the like. To form customary shapes on the existing on-site piping. The continuous frictional contact of the rotating tool is generated in e.g. tubular workpiece in a very local area a significant increase in temperature. This increase allows a significant reduction of the forming forces in the forming of the workpiece while increasing the formability of the material to be machined. For the forming during the existing frictional contact, the pressing tool is at least partially disposed in the end region of the profile-shaped workpiece and then brought into frictional contact during rotation of the spinning tool with the end portion of the profile-shaped workpiece to be reshaped. As a result, the end region of the profile-shaped workpiece to be reshaped is locally deflected out of its initial configuration and thereby formed successively by the pressing tool being moved at least radially outward or radially inward. Under a profile-shaped workpiece in the context of the present invention, this basically every type of cross-sectional configuration of predominantly prismatic or even along its longitudinal axis formed with variable cross-sections workpieces should be understood, so for example. closed polygonal or polygonal or curved sections hollow sections, as they are widely used in the art. Basically also conceivable would be the processing of open profile cross sections.

A particularly preferred field of application of the device according to the invention is in this case the molding of flanges on pipelines, as is frequently done e.g. in plant engineering or in domestic installations, such as in the field of pipelines, which must be interchangeable / controllable or need to be cleaned. These are currently connected to flanges, which are subsequently welded to an existing pipe. For this purpose, both additional manufacturing steps for the production of the flanges, but also additional equipment (welding equipment, etc.) are necessary at the site. Another area of use may be pipelines which are firmly connected to each other by solder joints or welded joints or press joints, e.g. in house installations. With the device according to the invention detachable connections of such pipes can be produced. Thereby, a simple exchange of e.g. a worn pipe area after a pipe break instead of a local repair allows. In such applications, flanges can be formed with the device according to the invention at the pipe ends, which previously could only be produced consuming welding technology or provided by complete replacement of the pipeline. With the device according to the invention, there is also the possibility of influencing defined transitions from the manufactured flange to the starting material of the workpiece or to make it much more homogeneous (for example no strength jumps or the like) in comparison to welded joints.

It is particularly advantageous if the device has a movement unit for the at least one spinning tool which can be moved essentially radially outward or radially inward. The movement unit guides and supports the pressing tool during the deformation of the workpiece and, due to its kinematics, fixes the geometry of the formed area which can be produced with the spinning tool. Here, an emphasis is placed on the production of flange-like structures at the end portions, e.g. tubular workpiece profiles, but is expressly not limited thereto. Thus, other possibilities of movement for the spinning tool on the moving unit can also be used to produce more complex forming geometries, e.g. also in the direction of the central axis of the e.g. tubular forming workpiece extending forming sections or obliquely or curved to the central axis extending forming sections. It is also conceivable to work on other profile cross-sections than tubular profiles.

For the smoothness of the device according to the invention during the forming with the rotating spinning tool, it is advantageous if for each or each spinning tool a counterweight is arranged on the moving unit, the radially opposite and synchronously to the respective spinning tool radially outwardly or inwardly movable is. As a result, imbalances can be compensated, which inevitably arise due to the necessary eccentricity of the rotating spinning tool in the course of forming and could affect the smoothness of the device or the determination of the device on the example tubular workpiece or cancel. Such counterweights, for example, be supported by scissor-type lever systems or spring-biased bearings on the movement unit and, advantageously in their mass matched to the mass of the spinning tool, due to the centrifugal forces synchronously and against the same move to the spinning tool and thus compensate for the imbalances as far as possible.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment, it is also possible that the movement unit has a, preferably electromotive or hydraulic or pneumatic, drive, the at least one spinning tool and possibly the respective counterweight during the forming of the end portion of the profile-shaped workpiece at least radially outward or moved inwards. As a result, an independent of the rotational speed and the centrifugal forces due to the rotation of the spinning tool movement of the spinning tool is possible, which in particular makes the movement behavior of the spinning tool influenceable and optimizable within wide limits. In addition, such drives, together with the kinematics of the moving unit, can also enable more complex than radial movements of the spinning tool, in particular superpositions also in the direction of the central axis of the e.g. allow tubular forming workpiece extending forming sections or obliquely or curved to the central axis extending forming sections.

In particular, if the movement of the spinning tool and the associated counterweight during the deformation of the end portion of the profile-shaped workpiece radially outward due to the resulting centrifugal forces in the rotation of the spinning tool, the movement of the spinning tool and the associated counterweight can be controlled depending on the speed of the spinning tool. The higher the speed of the spinning tool, the greater will be the centrifugal force acting on the spinning tool and possibly the counterweights and the faster and possibly also with greater forming force the forming will take place. If, therefore, the rotational speed of the spinning tool is continuously controlled during the forming process, the deformation can also be influenced and optimized depending on the forming progress in different areas of the forming process. In this case, in particular, the pressing force of the spinning tool can be adjusted depending on the rotational speed of the spinning tool and / or the mass of the spinning tool and the mass of the associated counterweight.

In the case of an external energy actuated drive for the spinning tool, the pressing force of the spinning tool depends on the driving force of the moving unit of the at least one spinning tool and / or the mass of the spinning tool and the mass of the respectively associated counterweight and can be influenced accordingly.

It is particularly advantageous if, with an adjustability of the spinning tool by means of centrifugal forces, the at least one spinning tool and the respective counterweight are power-operated, preferably reset by return springs or the like, to their initial position when the rotation of the spinning tool is terminated. As a result, pressing tool and associated counterweight repeatedly take on a defined initial position after a conversion has been carried out, without corresponding separate measures having to be taken for this purpose.

In particular with regard to safety at work, it is advantageous if at least the end region of the profile-shaped workpiece and the at least one spinning tool are largely enclosed by a housing arranged on the end region of the profile-shaped workpiece to be formed. In this way, on the one hand, the spatial allocation of the device according to the invention to the end region of the profile-shaped workpiece is produced, for example by the housing having a clamping device with which the device can be fixed to the end region of the profile-shaped workpiece. On the other hand, the effective range of the rotating spinning tool is removed from the direct intervention of an operator, so that appropriate health and safety regulations are met. In addition, the effective range of the rotating spinning tool is strongly heated by the friction between the spinning tool and the workpiece, so that intervening in this working space must also be avoided and any sparks or metal splashes or the like generated can also be absorbed by the housing.

It is particularly advantageous if, in the end region of the profile-shaped workpiece, further tools are arranged on the device, with which further processing steps of the deformed flange can be carried out. Thus, in a further embodiment, for example, with the other tools a drilling and / or milling of the deformed end portion of the workpiece, preferably a drilling holes for a Flanschverschraubung be performed. Such flanges can thereby also directly with the invention Device can be provided with holes directly after the production of the flanges with which erfindungemäß flange connections can be determined by means of fittings together. It is also conceivable, with the other tools, to carry out a cutting operation, preferably a turning operation of the deformed end region of the workpiece, in order, for example, to rework the abutment surfaces of the flanges more accurately.

Of particular importance is that the device can be used as an attachment for hand-held work machines, in particular for drills or high-speed drilling machines, in which the rotational movement of the work machine rotatably drives the spinning tool. Such machines are available on every construction site as well as in almost every household. By using the device according to the invention, the problem of additional equipment / materials in the preparation of the described flange connections is unnecessary. In addition, e.g. be made for highly loaded or dynamically loaded pipe joints by means of this device a much more homogeneous transition between the flange and pipe compared to a welded joint. Further advantages result in the areas of material and component savings and in the production over time. In the area of material use, no additional elements (weld-on flange, push-on / press connections, etc.) need to be manufactured or procured. These components are largely completely eliminated, since the required flange is formed directly from the tube. Furthermore, the temporal component in different areas, such as e.g. in soldering / welding joints, significantly improved. Thus, e.g. a flange can be molded to a copper or stainless steel water pipe in just a few seconds. Areas of application of the invention are primarily craft enterprises from the fields of sanitary, heating, refrigeration plant. Depending on the version, a more cost-effective variant for the private household would also be conceivable.

Of course, it is also conceivable that the device is designed as an independent hand-held work machine, which has an independent drive for the rotational movement of the spinning tool.

For the durability of the device according to the invention, it is advantageous if the spinning tool is formed from steel materials or hard metals or ceramic materials or diamond materials or has these materials. In addition, the pressing tool hard-coated sections, preferably from a PVD coating (PVD - physical vapor deposition) have.

The invention further relates to a method for friction pressing for the production of deformed areas, in particular of flange structures, on profiled workpieces, in particular on tubular profiles, with at least one movable relative to the workpiece pressing tool which generates heat in the contact area between the workpiece and the pressing tool by friction and in the workpiece is coupled. Such a method is further developed according to the invention that the at least one spinning tool rotatably relative to the stationary and / or rotationally fixed workpiece moves, wherein the spinning tool is at least partially disposed in the end region of the profile-shaped workpiece and at least radially outward or radial moves inwardly and thereby transforms the end portion of the profile-shaped workpiece, preferably flared widens.

The essential properties and advantages of the method have already been described and explained in detail above with regard to the device according to the invention, so that full reference is made here to avoid repetition.

A particular advantage of the method is that in addition to the production of flange structures described in detail also widenings, preferably flange-like widening or thickening of sealing rings or the like. At the end of the workpiece and also in the interior of the workpieces can be formed. For this purpose, the movements of the spinning tool are carried out correspondingly limited and positioned the spinning tool according to the end region of the workpiece. Also, by this widenings can be arranged on the end region of the workpiece parallel to the profile axis or in the interior of the tubular workpiece.

But it is also possible, according to the method indents, preferably bead-like indentations or the like. Form at the end portion of the workpiece when the movement of the spinning tool extends radially inwardly. It is also conceivable to design a feeder in extreme cases so that the feeder closes the tube.

Furthermore, it is conceivable that, according to the method, layers of identical or different materials of the end region of the profile-shaped workpiece or the end regions of a plurality of profile-shaped workpieces are permanently fixed to one another by the deformation. For this example, stacked tube-like workpieces of the same material or different materials can be simultaneously reshaped by the same spinning tool that the stacked tube-like workpieces at least partially create close together and thus permanently connected to each other. As a result, a plurality of profile-shaped workpieces can be connected to each other in their respective end region.

It is likewise conceivable to exploit the heating of the end region of the profile-shaped workpiece by the shaping with the pressing tool in such a way that influencing and targeted adjustment of the microstructure structures of the end region of the profile-shaped workpiece becomes possible. Thus, e.g. be set by the friction in the workpiece temperatures that are suitable for e.g. local desired microstructural transformations are needed and there lead to a solidification in the deformed portion of the workpiece, which can certainly contribute to an increase in the resistance of the formed workpiece after forming.

A particularly preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention is shown in the drawing.

• 1 - eine schematische Darstellung des Aufbaus der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung mit einem Drückwerkzeug, einem Gegengewicht und einer Bewegungseinheit, die am Rohrende eines rohrförmigen Profils angeordnet ist,
• 2 - den prinziphaft dargestellten Ablauf einer Umformung des Rohrendes eines rohrförmigen Profils bei der Herstellung eines Flansches,
• 3 - die Herstellung eines Flansches gemäß 2 mit Vornahme zusätzlicher Formgebungen an der Flanschfläche,
• 4 - den prinziphaft dargestellten Ablauf einer Umformung des Rohrendes eines rohrförmigen Profils beim Aufweiten des Rohrendes und dem Fügen mit einem weiteren rohrartigen Profil,
• 5 - den prinziphaft dargestellten Ablauf einer Umformung des Rohrendes eines rohrförmigen Profils gemäß 2 aus einem zweischichtigen Hybridmaterial beim axialen Aufweiten des Rohrendes,
• 6 - Verbindungsmöglichkeiten erfindungsgemäß hergestellter Flanschverbindungen,
• 7 - Beispiele aus dem Formenspektrum erfindungsgemäß hergestellter Flanschverbindungen.

Show it:

• 1 a schematic representation of the structure of the device according to the invention with a spinning tool, a counterweight and a moving unit, which is arranged at the tube end of a tubular profile,
• 2 the principle of a shaping of the pipe end of a tubular profile in the production of a flange,
• 3 - The production of a flange according to 2 by making additional shapes on the flange surface,
• 4 the procedure shown in principle of a deformation of the pipe end of a tubular profile when expanding the pipe end and the joining with another tubular profile,
• 5 - The flow shown in principle of a deformation of the pipe end of a tubular profile according to 2 from a two-layer hybrid material during the axial expansion of the pipe end,
• 6 Connection possibilities of flange connections made according to the invention,
• 7 Examples of the shape spectrum of flange connections produced according to the invention.

In the 1 is a schematic representation of the structure of the device according to the invention 1 with a spinning tool 2 to recognize a counterweight 18 and a movement unit 6 at the end of the pipe 4 a tubular profile 3 is arranged. The pipe end 4 of the tubular profile 3 should use the device 1 in one here perpendicular to the central axis 12 of the tubular profile 3 aligned, in 2 recognizable flange 15 be transformed, for which purpose the friction pressing means of the spinning tool 2 is being used. The spinning tool 2 and the counterweights 18 are here on a only schematically indicated movement unit 6 arranged, such as a scissor-type or bearing-like guide device. The movement unit 6 is total about a drive axle 7 in a rotation in the direction of rotation 8th parallel to the central axis 12 of the tubular profile 3 added. The drive of the drive axle 7 and thus the movement unit 6 and the spinning tool arranged thereon 2 and the counterweights 18 can be done via a drill or other hand-held rotating device, but it is also conceivable that the device 1 itself has a drive device, not shown.

When the drive axle 7 and thus the movement unit 6 in rotation in the direction of rotation 8th is offset, act on the on the moving unit 6 arranged spinning tool 2 and the counterweights 18 Centrifugal forces perpendicular to the outside, which can be used, the spinning tool 2 and the counterweights 18 also radially outward in the adjustment direction 9 to move. The faster the rotation of the movement unit 6 in the direction of rotation 8th is, the greater radial forces act on pusher tool 2 and counterweights 18 and push them against the action of return springs 10 radially outward.

Now becomes the spinning tool 2 at least in sections so inside the pipe end 4 of the tubular profile 3 arranged that the spinning tool 2 during its radial movement in the direction of the arrow 9 in contact with the pipe end to be flanged 4 of the tubular profile 3 can come, then becomes the spinning tool 2 the flange to be reshaped pipe end 4 successively or in one pass in the desired flange-like configuration press, as in the 2a and 2 B to recognize closer and there is further explained.

The arrangement of spinning tool 2 , Counterweights 18 , Movement unit 6 and pipe end 4 of the tubular profile 3 is from a housing 5 Surrounded largely closed and thus prevents in the sense of occupational safety intervention in this workspace by operators. The housing 5 is doing in a manner not shown with a clamp 13 at the pipe end 4 of the tubular profile 3 set so that the entire device 1 during the forming process by the spinning tool 2 safely at the end of the pipe 4 of the tubular profile 3 is fixed. Will, as usual when pressing takes place, the transformation of the flange to be reshaped pipe end 4 in several passes or passes with increasing delivery of the spinning tool 2 in the direction of the workpiece 3 performed, this must be the relative position of the spinning tool 2 and thus the device 1 be changed between runs. This is the definition of the housing 5 at the pipe end 4 of the tubular profile 3 in the direction of the arrow 11 changed, leaving the case 5 the pipe end 4 of the tubular profile 3 further covered, as indicated by the dashed lines for the housing 5 is indicated. For the respective deformation is the clamping 13 of the housing 5 with the pipe end 4 then each restored.

Only indicated by the inserts 14 It should be noted that additional and not explicitly shown other tools inside the case 5 can be arranged after the completion of the flange 15 can perform other operations such as drilling or turning, with which the flange 15 can be further processed.

In the 2a is in principle the course of a transformation of the pipe end 4 a tubular profile 3 in the manufacture of a flange 15 shown with the device 1 is carried out. This is in 2a the initial configuration of pusher tool 2 , Counterweight 18 , Pipe end 4 and motion unit 6 to recognize that before the first contact of the spinning tool 2 with the pipe end 4 is present. The spinning tool 2 protrudes a little way into the pipe end 4 into it and will turn on rotation of the drive axle 7 and thus the movement unit 6 in the direction of rotation 8th radially outward in the adjustment direction 9 move. For not too strong deformations of the pipe end 4 to the flange 15 This transformation can be done in one pass, so that at the end of the processing in 2 B recognizable configuration is present.

In the 2c is a deformation of the pipe end 4 to a larger diameter in the end diameter 15 shown in several stitches and its final state at the end of the forming in the 2c is shown.

In the 3 is the production of a flange 15 according to 2 with additional formations on the flange surface 15 to recognize. Here is in the area of the resulting flange 15 eg on the inside of the housing 5 an insert 14 arranged as an auxiliary tool to which the deformed pipe end 4 applies during the forming and the shaping of the resulting flange 15 affected. In the 3a and 3b is to recognize how the use 14 as an auxiliary tool for a Wanddickenunterdes stretching the flange 15 is used, so that the wall thickness of the flange 15 about the thickness of the insert 14 is less than the original wall thickness of the pipe end 4 how this enlarges in the 3d can be seen in the left half.

In the 3c it can be seen that to the resulting flange 15 directed surveys on the mission 14 ' can be used to openings 19 in the flange 15 to produce, like these in the 3d can be seen in the right half. The surveys on the insert 14 ' serve the thickness of the resulting flange 15 locally influence by the material of the resulting flange 15 is weakened there targeted. The survey can just as far into the resulting flange protrude that the height of the survey of the thickness of the resulting flange 15 equivalent. The spinning tool 2 moves just so that the last forming step exactly the surface area of the survey in the use 14 ' is touched, so that's exactly in the field 19 the opening in the flange 15 established. This opening 19 can then eg for the screw connection of flanges 15 be used in 6b can be seen.

In addition to the production of flanges 15 from a uniform workpiece material, it is according to 4 also conceivable, a deformation of the pipe end 4 a tubular profile 3 when expanding the pipe end 4 with the joining with another tubular profile 3 ' connect to. For this purpose, two tubes are plugged into each other 3 . 3 ' used as a workpiece according to the 4a and 4b be formed together and then after processing a pipe section 3 . 3 ' with a deformed flange 15 can form from two different materials.

In the 5 is in principle a process of forming the pipe end 4 a tubular profile 3 . 3 ' according to 2 from a two-layer hybrid material during the axial expansion of the pipe end 3 . 3 ' shown, in which the expansion is not perpendicular to the central axis 12 of the pipe end 3 . 3 ' aligned flange 15 forms, but the pipe ends 3 . 3 ' only radially expanded and thereby connected to each other. This can be used, for example, to produce pipe connections without flanges 15 get along.

The 6 shows two different connection possibilities inventively produced flanges 15 , where in the 6a a clamping connection of the flanges 15 by means of the flanges 15 on the outside encompassing brackets 16 is indicated.

The 6b shows conventional glands 17 such flanges 15 , where the openings for the screws 17 in the reshaped flanges 15 for example by means of the inserts 14 ' can be produced.

The 7 shows some non-limiting examples of the shape spectrum inventively produced flange.

The device 1 can be designed as a simple attachment for various machine tools (eg drills) and should make it possible, by placing the machine tool on a non-rotatable pipe end 4 , which was placed for example by a wall, a flange on site 15 to produce forming technology. Subsequently, the forming process at the next pipe start / end 4 can be repeated, thus providing a connection (detachable or fixed) of such pipes 3 to realize each other. The basic principle of the device 1 is based on the method of friction pressing. In this heat is generated by process-integrated friction processes in the workpiece to be machined 3 induced. The resulting increase in the material temperature leads to an increase in the formability of various materials from non-ferrous metals to high-alloyed steels. The operation of the device 1 is based on a realization or application of forces or a feed, for example, by centrifugal forces or by servo motors not shown. The application of centrifugal forces may be due to the rotational speed 8th the machine tool result.

Through the masses of the spinning tool 2 and the possibly existing counterweight 18 this results in a movement of the spinning tool that is directed from the center outwards 2 and the counterweight 18 in the direction of the arrow 9 which is responsible for the manufacture of a flange 15 necessary is. About the used and variable masses in combination with the rotational speed 8th results in the required forming force for the spinning tool 2 , The continuous frictional contact of the spinning tool 2 generated in the pipe end 4 in a very local area a significant increase in temperature. This increase in temperature allows a significant reduction of the forming forces while increasing the formability of the material to be machined. About the rotation speed can continue the processing time / production time of the flanges 15 to be influenced. This results in the possibility of transitions from the manufactured flange 15 defined to influence the starting material or to make much more homogeneous compared to welded joints.

With the device 1 is it possible flanges 15 with a flange diameter of up to 400% of the outlet diameter of the pipe end 4 and at the same time with holes / holes 19 for screws or similar to provide. Furthermore, for example, also thickenings for O-ring grooves, etc. can be produced.

The device 1 is preferred as a mobile attachment for hand-held work machines, such as a hand drill, or if insufficient rotational speeds are achieved, for high-speed drilling, running. Their machine availability is given on every construction site as well as in almost every household.

As typical work piece materials to be processed come purely by way of example various aluminum alloys (extruded (1000 to 7000 series) or cast materials) (examples: AW-6060 / AIMg7SiO, 1), various copper alloys, various steel alloys (low to high-alloyed steels) (examples: 1.0035 /1.4404), various magnesium alloys (eg AZ31) and various titanium alloys (eg Grade 5 ) with wall thicknesses of 0.5 to 10 mm in question. The forming / machining of special steel alloys or titanium alloys can also be carried out using a protective gas atmosphere in order to prevent / minimize scaling.

For the aluminum and magnesium area as workpiece material, steel materials can be used as tool material for the spinning tool 2 be used. These can also be provided with a wear-resistant PVD coating. In the field of high-strength workpiece materials, the use of hard metals / ceramics up to the use of diamond tools as tool material for the spinning tool 2 conceivable. Again, the spinning tools 2 be provided with coatings in addition.

Typical machining parameters on first contact with the "cold" workpiece material are, for example, for aluminum alloys for e.g. 40 mm pipe diameter / 5 mm wall thickness a minimum speed of 200 rpm and a feed rate of 2 mm / s as well as process forces up to 5 kN; with increasing pipe diameter (up to 100 mm), 15 kN are possible, depending on the pipe wall thickness. For magnesium alloys and for copper alloys for e.g. 40 mm pipe diameter results in typical values for the minimum speed of 400 rpm and a feed rate of 2 mm / s. Steel alloys / titanium alloys for e.g. 40 mm pipe diameter / 5 mm wall thickness, however, require a minimum speed of 700 rpm and a feed of max. 4 mm / s, whereby process forces up to 15 kN are possible; with increasing pipe diameter (up to 80 mm, for example), 35 kN are also possible, depending on the pipe wall thickness. After heating the material, significantly higher feed rates are possible with significantly lower process forces.

The typical spectrum of geometries, excerpts in 7 illustrated, has many possibilities. When using the centrifugal force as a drive for the spinning tool 2 are outward-directed movements for example pipe expansions (parallel to the pipe axis at the pipe end or within the pipes) up to the illustrated flange production possible. When using pneumatic, hydraulic or electronic drives / traversing movement for the spinning tool 2 In addition, inward-directed forming operations are also possible / feasible for the production of eg closed pipe ends.

[1]

- Homberg, Werner/Lossen, Benjamin: „Motivation and the Idea of Friction Spinning“ in „60 Excellent Inventions in Metal Forming“, Tekkaya/ Homberg/Brosius (Eds.), Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2015, S. 149-153

An integration into other manufacturing processes of metalworking is conceivable. Frictional pressing must always be classified in the area of forming. In addition, the method can be used by special forming strategies in the field of joining by forming. The integration of separating processes such as turning processes is also possible.

[1]

- Homberg, Werner / Lossen, Benjamin: "Motivation and the Idea of Friction Spinning" in "60 Excellent Inventions in Metal Forming", Tekkaya / Homberg / Brosius (Eds.), Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2015, pp. 149-153

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1 -

device

2 -

spinning tool

3, 3 '-

workpiece

4 -

end area to be shaped workpiece

5 -

casing

6 -

moving unit

7 -

axis of rotation

8th -

direction of rotation

9 -

radial adjustment direction

10 -

spring element

11 -

delivery

12 -

Center axis workpiece

13 -

clamping

14, 14 '-

Use auxiliary tool

15 -

flange

16 -

clip

17 -

screw

18 -

counterweight

19 -

opening

Claims (32)

Device (1) for friction pressing for producing deformed regions, in particular flange structures (15), on profile-shaped workpieces (3), in particular on tubular profiles (3), comprising at least one pressing tool (2) movable relative to the workpiece (3), wherein the pressing tool (2) in the contact area between the workpiece (3) and pressing tool (2) generates heat by friction and coupled into the workpiece, characterized in that the workpiece (3) is stationary and / or rotationally fixed and the spinning tool (2) rotatably relative to the workpiece (3) moves, wherein the spinning tool (2) at least in sections in the end region (4) of the profile-shaped workpiece (3) and at least radially outward (9) or radially inwardly is movable such that the spinning tool (2) while the workpiece (3) in the end region (4) of the profile-shaped workpiece (3) transforms, preferably flared widens. Device (1) according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the device (1) comprises a movement unit (5) for the substantially radially outwardly (9) or radially inwardly movable, at least one spinning tool (2). Device (1) according to one of the Claims 1 or 2 , characterized in that for the or each spinning tool (2) each a counterweight (18) on the moving unit (5) is arranged, which is opposite and synchronous to the respective spinning tool (2) radially outward (9) or inwardly movable , Device (1) according to one of the Claims 1 to 3 , characterized in that the movement unit (5) has a, preferably electromotive or hydraulic or pneumatic, drive, the at least one spinning tool (2) and the respectively associated counterweight (18) during the deformation of the end portion (4) of the profile-shaped workpiece ( 3) radially outward (9) or moved inwards. Device (1) according to one of the Claims 1 to 3 , characterized in that the movement (9) of the spinning tool (2) and the associated counterweight (18) during the deformation of the end portion (4) of the profile-shaped workpiece (3) radially outward (9) due to the centrifugal forces during rotation ( 8) of the spinning tool (2). Device (1) according to Claim 5 , characterized in that the movement (9) of the pressing tool (2) and associated counterweight (18) depending on the rotational speed (8) of the spinning tool (2) is controllable. Device (1) according to one of the Claims 5 or 6 , characterized in that the pressing force of the spinning tool (2) is adjustable depending on the rotational speed (8) of the spinning tool (2) and / or the mass of the spinning tool (2) and the mass of the associated counterweight (18). Device (1) according to one of the Claims 5 to 7 , characterized in that the processing time of the profile-shaped workpiece (3) depending on the rotational speed (8) of the spinning tool (2) is controllable. Device (1) according to one of the Claims 5 to 8th , characterized in that the pressing force of the spinning tool (2) depending on the driving force of the moving unit (5) of the at least one spinning tool (2) and / or the mass of the spinning tool (2) and the mass of the respective counterweight (18) adjustable is. Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one pusher (2) and the respectively associated counterweight (18) are power-operated, preferably by return springs (10) or the like., Returnable to their initial position when the Rotation (8) of the spinning tool (2) is terminated. Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least the end region (4) of the profile-shaped workpiece (3) and the at least one pusher tool (2) arranged by one to be formed on the end region (4) of the profile-shaped workpiece (3) Housing (5) are largely enclosed. Device (1) according to Claim 11 , characterized in that the housing (5) comprises a clamping device (13) with which the device (1) on the end region (4) of the profile-shaped workpiece (3) can be fixed. Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the end region (4) of the profile-shaped workpiece (3) on the device (1) further tools (14) are arranged, with which additional processing steps of the deformed flange (15) executable are. Device (1) according to Claim 13 , characterized in that with the other tools (14) a drilling and / or milling of the deformed end portion (15) of the workpiece (3), preferably a drilling holes for a Flanschverschraubung (17) is executable. Device (1) according to Claim 13 , characterized in that a separation processing, preferably a turning of the deformed end portion (15) of the workpiece (3) is executable with the other tools. Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the device (1) can be used as an attachment for hand-guided working machines, in particular for drills or high-speed drilling machines, in which the rotational movement (8) of the working machine rotatably drives the spinning tool (2). Device (1) according to one of the Claims 1 to 15 , characterized in that the device (1) is designed as an independent hand-held work machine. Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spinning tool (2) is made of steel materials or hard metals or ceramic materials or diamond materials or comprises these materials. Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pressing tool (2) has hard-coated sections, preferably of a PVD coating. Method for friction pressing for producing deformed regions (15), in particular flange structures (15), on profile-shaped workpieces (3), in particular on tubular profiles (3), with at least one pressing tool (2) movable relative to the workpiece (3), in the contact area between the workpiece (3) and the pressing tool (2) generated by friction heat and coupled into the workpiece (3), in particular using the device according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the at least one pressing tool (2) rotatably (8) moves relative to the stationary and / or rotationally fixed workpiece (3), wherein the pressing tool (2) at least in sections in the end region (4) of the profile-shaped workpiece (3 ) is arranged and moves at least radially outward (9) or radially inwardly while the end portion (4) of the profile-shaped workpiece (3) transforms, preferably flared widens. Method according to Claim 20 , characterized in that for the or each spinning tool (2) each a counterweight (18) on the moving unit (6) opposite and synchronously to the respective spinning tool (2) is moved radially outward (9) or inwardly. Method according to Claim 20 or 21 , characterized in that the centrifugal forces generated during the rotation (8) of the spinning tool (2) about the end region (4) of the profile-shaped workpiece (3) the movement (9) of the spinning tool (2) and the associated counterweight (18) in the Defining the end region (4) of the profile-shaped workpiece (3) radially outward (9). Method according to Claim 22 , characterized in that the movement (9) of the pressing tool (2) and associated counterweight (18) depending on the rotational speed (8) of the spinning tool (2) are controlled. Method according to Claim 22 or 23 , characterized in that the processing time of the profile-shaped workpiece (3) depending on the rotational speed (8) of the spinning tool (2) are controlled. Method according to one of Claims 20 to 24 , characterized in that the device (1) before forming with a clamping device (13) at the end region (4) of the profile-shaped workpiece (3) is fixed. Method according to one of Claims 20 to 25 , characterized in that the device (1) is used as an attachment for hand-held working machines, in particular for drills or high-speed drilling machines, in which the rotational movement (8) of the working machine rotatably drives the spinning tool (2). Method according to one of Claims 20 to 25 , characterized in that the device (1) is used as an independent hand-guided machine. Method according to one of Claims 20 to 27 , characterized in that with the device (1) expansions, preferably flange-like widenings or thickenings for sealing rings or the like. At the end region (4) of the workpiece (3) are formed. Method according to Claim 28 , characterized in that the widenings at the end region (4) of the workpiece (3) are arranged parallel to the profile axis (12) or inside the tubular workpiece (3). Method according to one of Claims 20 to 29 , characterized in that with the device (1) indentations, preferably bead-like indentations or the like. At the end region (4) of the workpiece (3) are formed .. Method according to one of Claims 20 to 30 , characterized in that with the device (1) layers (3, 3 ') of same or different materials of the end portion (4) of the profile-shaped workpiece (3) or the end portions (4) of several profile-shaped workpieces (3) by forming permanently together be determined. Method according to one of Claims 20 to 31 , characterized in that the heating of the end region (4) of the profile-shaped workpiece (3) by the deformation with the spinning tool (2) allows influencing and targeted adjustment of the microstructures of the end portion (4) of the profile-shaped workpiece (3).

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