DE102018001508B3 - Electric drive device for a motor vehicle, in particular for a motor vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an electric drive device (10) for a motor vehicle, comprising at least one electric machine (12) with a differential gear (18) having an input shaft (22) with a housing (26) with an output shaft (24). with a first planetary gear set (28) accommodated in the housing (26), which has a first sun gear (30), a first ring gear (32) and a first planet carrier (34) connected or connectable to the output shaft (24) as elements of the first planetary gear set (26), and with a in the housing (26) received second planetary gear set (36), a second sun gear (38), a rotatably connected to the housing (26) or connectable second ring gear (40) and a second Planet carrier (41) as elements of the second planetary gear set (36), wherein the second planetary carrier (41) rotatably connected to the first planet carrier (34) or connectable and the second Sonnenra d (38) rotatably connected to the first ring gear (32) or connectable

Description

The invention relates to an electric drive device for a motor vehicle, in particular for a motor vehicle, according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Such an electric drive device for a motor vehicle, in particular for a motor vehicle, for example, is already the DE 10 2015 209 647 A1 to be known as known. The electric drive device comprises at least or exactly one electric machine and a differential gear, which is simply referred to as a differential. The differential gear has an input shaft, via which, for example, torques can be introduced into the differential gear. The electric drive device further comprises a housing, an output shaft and a first planetary gear set received in the housing, which has a first sun gear, a first ring gear and a first planet carrier rotatably connected to the output shaft or connectable. The first sun gear, the first ring gear and the first planet carrier are elements of the first planetary gear set or are also referred to as elements of the first planetary gear set.

Furthermore, the electric drive device comprises a second planetary gearset accommodated in the housing and having a second sun gear, a second ring gear rotatably connected to or connectable to the housing, and a second planet carrier. The second sun gear, the second ring gear and the second planet carrier are elements of the second planetary gear set or are referred to as elements of the second planetary gear set.

Such drive devices are further from the DE 10 2016 207 481 A1 , the DE 10 2016 213 735 A1 , the DE 10 2014 113 473 A1 , the DE 10 2015 105 367 A1 , the DE 10 2016 207 442 A1 , the DE 10 2016 207 445 A1 , the DE 10 2016 213 709 A1 , the DE 10 2012 220 517 A1 , the DE 101 62 888 A1 , the DE 11 2006 002 557 B4 , the DE 11 2006 003 030 T5 and the generic DE 10 2014 112 200 A1 known.

Object of the present invention is to develop an electric drive device of the type mentioned in such a way that can realize a particularly low-loss and compact design and a particularly advantageous driveability of the drive device.

This object is achieved by an electric drive device having the features of patent claim 1. Advantageous embodiments with expedient developments of the invention are specified in the remaining claims.

An electric drive device, which is assumed here for a particular designed as a motor vehicle and preferably as a passenger car, comprises at least or exactly one electric machine and a differential gear, which is also simply referred to as a differential. The differential gear is, for example, assigned or assignable at least or precisely to one axis of the motor vehicle, wherein the axle comprises, for example, at least or exactly two wheels of the motor vehicle, which are spaced apart from one another, in particular in the vehicle transverse direction. About the wheels, the motor vehicle can be supported on a road, the wheels roll on the road when the vehicle is driven along the road. In this case, the differential gear on an input shaft, via which, for example, torques, in particular drive torques for driving the motor vehicle, are introduced into the differential gear. By means of the differential gear, for example, the respective, in particular introduced via the input shaft in the differential gear torque can be distributed to the wheels of the axle, so that the wheels can be driven via the differential gear means of the respective drive torque. The respective drive torque is for example provided by the electric machine or results from a drive torque provided by the electric machine, which is also referred to as drive torque. The differential gear has, for example, the task of allowing a speed compensation between the wheels of the axle, so that, for example, when cornering the motor vehicle, the outside wheel can turn at a higher speed than the inside wheel. The differential gear can be designed in particular as a bevel gear differential.

The electric drive device further comprises a housing and an output shaft. Furthermore, the electric drive device comprises a first planetary gearset accommodated in the housing and a second planetary gearset accommodated in the housing. The first planetary gear set and the second planetary gear set are, for example, components of a planetary gear of the electric drive device. The electric drive device, which is also referred to simply as a drive device, thus comprises, for example, the aforementioned planetary gear, which comprises at least the first planetary gear set and the second planetary gear set. In this case, the output shaft, for example, an output shaft of the planetary gear, which via the output shaft, the respective, previously mentioned and via the input shaft in the Differential transmission einleitbare torque can provide as an output torque or output torque of the planetary gear. Thus, the respective output torque, which is provided by the planetary gear via the output shaft and is provided, a drive torque for the differential gear, which is drivable by means of the respective output torque or drive torque. The output torque of the planetary gear results, for example, from a drive torque which can be provided by the electric machine. In other words, for example, the electric machine, in particular via its rotor, provide respective torques, also referred to as drive torques, which torques can be introduced, for example, into the planetary gearing. From the respective, provided by the electric machine and introduced into the planetary gear torque results, for example, the respective output torque, which is provided by the planetary gear via the output shaft, which is also referred to as the output shaft is provided or. Thus, for example, the differential gear via the input shaft and via the planetary gear from the electric machine, in particular from the rotor, driven, so that the respective wheel of the motor vehicle can be driven by the electric machine via the differential gear and the planetary gear. As a result, for example, the motor vehicle as a whole can be electrically driven by means of the electric drive device. Thus, the motor vehicle is designed, for example, as a hybrid or as an electric vehicle, in particular as a battery electric vehicle (BEV).

The first planetary gear set has a first sun gear, a first ring gear and a first planet carrier rotatably connected to the output shaft or connectable. The first sun gear, the first ring gear and the first planet carrier are elements of the first planetary gear set or are also referred to as elements of the first planetary gear set. The second planetary gear set includes a second sun gear, a second ring gear rotatably connected to the housing or connectable and a second planet carrier. The second sun gear, the second ring gear and the second planet carrier are elements of the second planetary gear set or are also referred to as elements of the second planetary gear set. The output shaft and the elements of the planetary gear sets, for example, components of the drive device, in particular the planetary gear, or are also referred to as components, wherein the respective component, for example, in particular when the respective component is not rotatably connected to the housing or not rotatably fixed to the housing is rotatable relative to the housing about a rotation axis, also referred to as the main axis of rotation. The respective component rotates, for example, in particular around the main axis of rotation relative to the housing, when the respective component is not rotatably connected to the housing and when the planetary gear is driven, that is, when an example provided by the electric machine torque is introduced into the planetary gear ,

Under the feature that the first planet carrier rotatably connected to the output shaft, can be understood in particular that the first planetary carrier is permanently connected rotationally fixed to the output shaft. Under or under a permanent non-rotatable connection of two components, in this example, for example in the form of the first planet carrier and the output shaft of the drive device, can be understood in particular that the permanently non-rotatably interconnected components are always or permanently connected to each other rotatably, so that the permanent rotation interconnected components in particular then can not rotate about the axis of rotation relative to each other when the planetary gear is driven. In particular, under the permanently rotationally fixed connection to understand that not about a switching element is provided by means of which the permanent non-rotatable connection alternately and non-destructively manufactured and released, but the permanently non-rotatably interconnected components are always rotatably connected to each other.

Under the feature that the first planetary carrier is rotatably connected to the output shaft, can be understood in particular that, for example, a first switching element of the drive device is provided, wherein the first switching element, for example, between a first connection state and a first release state is switchable. The first connection state corresponds, for example, to at least one first connection position, wherein the first release state corresponds, for example, to at least one first release position. In this case, the first switching element, in particular relative to the housing and / or translationally movable between the first connection position and the first release position. In the first connection state, for example, the first planetary carrier by means of the first switching element rotatably connected to the output shaft, so that the first planet carrier in particular even then, in particular about the axis of rotation, relative to the output shaft rotates or can rotate when the planetary gear is driven. However, in the first release state, the first shift element gives the first planet carrier for rotation relative to the first one Output shaft free, so that the first planet carrier in particular relative to the output shaft, in particular about the main axis of rotation, rotates or can rotate when the planetary gear is driven.

Accordingly, under the feature that the second ring gear is rotatably connected to the housing, to understand that the second ring gear is permanently rotatably connected to the housing. As a result, for example, the second ring gear permanently fixed non-rotatably to the housing, so that the second ring gear in particular not then relative to the housing, in particular about the main axis of rotation, rotate or rotate when the planetary gear is driven. Under the feature that the second ring gear is rotatably connected to the housing, is to be understood in particular that, for example, a second switching element of the drive device is provided. The second switching element can be switched, for example, between a second connection state and a second release state. The second connection state corresponds, for example, to at least one second connection position, wherein the second release state corresponds, for example, to at least one second release position. In this case, for example, the second switching element, in particular relative to the housing and / or translationally, be moved between the second connection position and the second release position. In the second connection state, the second ring gear is non-rotatably connected to the housing by means of the second switching element, so that the second ring gear can not rotate or rotate in particular relative to the housing, in particular around the main axis of rotation, when the planetary gear is driven. However, in the second release state, the second shift element releases the second ring gear for rotation relative to the housing so that the second ring gear can rotate relative to the housing, particularly about the main axis of rotation, when the planetary gear is being driven.

In order to realize a loss-optimized and thus low-loss as well as compact design and a particularly advantageous drivability of the electric drive device, it is further assumed that the second planet carrier rotatably connected to the first planet carrier or connectable. In addition, it is further assumed that the second sun gear is rotatably connected to the first ring gear or connectable.

As a result, a Mehrgängigkeit the drive device, in particular the planetary gear, can be realized, so that, for example, at least or exactly two switchable, in particular power shiftable, gears of the drive device, in particular the planetary gear can be displayed in a space-saving manner. Furthermore, it is possible to provide at least or exactly three switchable, in particular power shiftable, gears of the drive device, in particular of the planetary gear, so that a particularly advantageous drivability can be ensured. This multiple operation can be realized in a particularly compact and low-loss manner, since the planetary gear, also referred to as a wheel set, can provide a desired and advantageous overall transmission without having to provide a final transmission, also referred to as Final Drive. As a result, the number of parts and thus the space requirement, the weight and the cost can be kept in a very small frame. It is sufficient to use the two planetary gear sets as the only planetary gear sets, which may optionally be represented by a trained in particular as a spur gear ratio stage an axial offset.

Under the feature that the second planet carrier rotatably connected to the first planet carrier is to be understood in particular that the second planetary carrier is permanently connected rotationally fixed to the first planet carrier. Thus, for example, if the planetary gear is driven, so run the second planetary carrier and the first planet carrier together or simultaneously and thus as a block around the main axis of rotation, so that the second planetary carrier and the first planet carrier together or simultaneously rotate about the main axis of rotation relative to the housing.

Under the feature that the second planet carrier rotatably connected to the first planet carrier can be understood in particular that a third switching element is provided, which is switchable between a third connection state and a third release state. The third connection state corresponds, for example, to at least one third connection position, wherein the third release state corresponds, for example, to at least one third release position. In this case, for example, the third switching element, in particular relative to the housing and / or translationally, be moved between the third connection position and the third release position. In the third connection state, for example, the second planetary carrier by means of the third switching element rotatably connected to the second planet carrier, so that the planet carrier in particular can not rotate or rotate relative to each other even when the planetary gear is driven. In the third release state, however, the third shift element gives the first planet carrier for rotation relative to the second planet carrier, in particular about the main axis of rotation, free, so that in particular the first planet carrier relative to the second planet carrier, in particular about the main axis of rotation, rotates or can rotate when the planetary gear is driven.

Under the feature that the second sun gear is rotatably connected to the first ring gear, can be understood in particular that the second sun gear is permanently connected rotationally fixed to the first ring gear. If, for example, the planetary gear is then driven, then the second sun gear and the first ring gear rotate together or simultaneously, in particular around the main axis of rotation, relative to the housing.

Under the feature that the second sun gear is connectable to the first ring gear, is to be understood in particular that, for example, a fourth switching element is provided. The fourth switching element can be switched, for example, between a fourth connection state and a fourth release state. The fourth connection state corresponds, for example, to at least one fourth connection position, wherein the fourth release state corresponds, for example, to at least one fourth release position. In this case, for example, the fourth switching element, in particular relative to the housing and / or translationally, be moved between the fourth connection position and the fourth release position. In the fourth connection state, the second sun gear is non-rotatably connected to the first ring gear by means of the fourth shift element, so that the second sun gear can not rotate or rotate relative to the first ring gear, especially when the planetary gear is being driven. In the fourth release state, however, the fourth shift element releases the second sun gear for rotation relative to the first ring gear, in particular about the main axis of rotation, so that in particular the second sun gear can rotate or rotate relative to the first ring gear, in particular about the main axis of rotation when the planetary gear is driven.

According to the invention, it is provided that the second sun gear forms a first hollow shaft or is designed as a first hollow shaft. Within the first hollow shaft, at least a portion of the output shaft is further arranged or received according to the invention, wherein the output shaft is designed according to the invention as a second hollow shaft. Within the second hollow shaft, according to the invention, at least one articulated shaft section for transmitting a torque from the differential gear to at least one of the wheels of the motor vehicle is arranged. In other words, for example, the respective torque provided by the differential gear can be transmitted via a propeller shaft to the respective wheel, so that the respective wheel can be driven by the electric machine via the propeller shaft, the differential gear and the planetary gear. The afore-mentioned articulated shaft section is a length region of said articulated shaft, so that at least the longitudinal region or at least the articulated shaft section of the articulated shaft is accommodated in the second hollow shaft. As a result, for example, the space requirement in the vehicle transverse direction can be kept particularly low.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the electric machine on the aforementioned rotor. In particular, the electric machine has the rotor and a stator, wherein the rotor is drivable by the stator and thereby rotatable about a machine rotation axis relative to the stator. The machine rotation axis runs, for example, parallel to the aforementioned main axis of rotation and is spaced from the main axis of rotation or desachsiert. Alternatively, it is conceivable that the machine rotational axis is arranged coaxially to the main axis of rotation, so that the machine rotational axis coincides with the main axis of rotation.

In addition, the electric drive device, in particular exactly one, translation stage, via which the rotor is coupled to the first ring gear or coupled. In other words, it is provided that the rotor can be coupled or coupled with particular advantage over exactly one transmission stage with the first ring gear, so that the first ring gear can be driven by the rotor with particular advantage over exactly one transmission stage.

Under the feature that the rotor is coupled via the gear ratio with the first ring gear, can be understood in particular that the rotor via the translation stage is permanently coupled to the first ring gear, so that, for example, a force or torque flux from the rotor through the translation stage to the first ring gear or vice versa is always closed. Thus, if, for example, the rotor is rotated, the first ring gear will always be driven by the rotor via the transmission stage, so that the rotation of the rotor always results in a rotation of the first ring gear, in particular about the main axis of rotation relative to the housing.

Under the feature that the rotor can be coupled via the transmission stage with the first ring gear, is to be understood in particular that, for example, a fifth switching element is provided. The fifth switching element is for example switchable between a fifth connection state and a fifth enable state. In this case, for example, the fifth connection state corresponds to at least one fifth connection position, wherein, for example, the fifth release state corresponds to at least one fifth release position. In this case, for example, the fifth switching element, in particular relative to the housing and / or translationally, be moved between the fifth connection position and the fifth release position. In the fifth connection state, the rotor is coupled via the transmission stage with the first ring gear, so that the aforementioned force or torque flow is closed. If, for example, the rotor is then rotated, the first ring gear is thereby driven by the rotor via the gear ratio stage and in particular via the fifth gear shift element. In particular, the Kraftbeziehungsweise torque flow is closed by means of the fifth switching element.

In the fifth release state, however, the force or torque flow is interrupted by means of the fifth switching element, so that in the fifth connection state via the fifth switching element coupled to the first ring gear rotor is decoupled in the fifth release state of the first ring gear. If, for example, the rotor is rotated in the fifth release state, the result is no rotation of the ring gear, since the force or torque flux is interrupted. By using the translation stage, a particularly advantageous translation, in particular overall translation of the drive device can be realized in a space-saving manner.

In order to keep the space requirements particularly low and to be able to realize a particularly efficient and thus low-efficiency operation, it is provided in a further embodiment of the invention that the translation stage a permanently rotatably coupled to the rotor first gear and a permanently rotatably coupled to the first ring gear second Gear has. The respective gear is formed for example as a spur gear. Alternatively or additionally it can be provided that the gears mesh with each other.

In order to realize a particularly compact design, it is provided in a further embodiment of the invention that a toothing of the second gear in the axial direction, in particular of the planetary gear, is arranged at the same height as a toothing of the first ring gear. The axial direction coincides, for example, with the main axis of rotation or runs parallel to the main axis of rotation.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the electric drive device comprises a Verblockungsschaltelement, by means of which two of the elements of the first planetary gear set and / or two of the elements of the second planetary gear set are interconnected. Alternatively or additionally, it is conceivable that by means of the Verblockungsschaltelements one of the elements of the first planetary gear set with one of the elements of the second planetary gear set is blockable. The blocking switching element can be switched, for example, between a blocking state and a release state. The blocking state corresponds for example to at least one blocking position, wherein the release state corresponds, for example, to a release position. The Verblockungsschaltelement can be moved, for example, between the Verblockungsstellung and the release position, in particular translationally and / or relative to the housing. In the blocking state, the elements which can be interconnected by means of the blocking element are interlocked, that is to say non-rotatably connected to one another, so that the elements which are locked together can not rotate or rotate relative to one another, especially when the planetary gear is being driven. If the planetary gear is driven, while the elements are interlocked by means of the Verblockungsschaltelements together, the interlocked elements run together or simultaneously as a block around the main axis of rotation and thus rotate about the main axis of rotation relative to the housing. In the release state, however, the interlocking switching element releases the elements for rotation about the main axis of rotation relative to each other so that the elements interlockable by the interlocking element can rotate relative to each other, in particular around the main axis of rotation, when the planetary gear is being driven. By means of the interlocking switching element, for example, a further, in particular third, gear can be realized, so that, for example, at least or exactly three switchable, in particular power shiftable, gears of the drive device, in particular of the planetary gear, can be represented. As a result, a particularly advantageous driveability can be realized.

Another embodiment is characterized in that the output shaft is permanently connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the input shaft of the differential gear. As a result, the number of parts, the cost, the weight and the space requirement of the drive device can be kept particularly low.

To keep the space requirements of the electric drive device particularly low can, it is provided in a further embodiment of the invention that the differential gear has an outer diameter which is smaller than a diameter of an outer toothing of the first sun gear and a diameter of an outer toothing of the second sun gear. In this case, the differential gear is arranged in the axial direction at least substantially in the region of the first planetary gear set and the second planetary gear set. In other words, for example, the differential gear is arranged in the axial direction at least substantially between the first planetary gear set and the second planetary gear, which need not necessarily be provided that the differential gear is covered in the axial direction by the respective planetary gear.
In a further embodiment of the invention, the first sun gear is rotatably connected to the housing or connectable. As a result, a particularly advantageous translation can be realized in a space-saving manner.

Under the feature that the first sun gear is rotatably connected to the housing, can be understood in particular that the first sun gear is permanently rotatably connected to the housing. Under the feature that the first sun gear is rotatably connected to the housing, can be understood in particular that a sixth switching element is provided. The sixth switching element can be switched, for example, between a sixth connection state and a sixth release state. The sixth connection state corresponds, for example, to at least one sixth connection position, wherein the sixth release state corresponds, for example, to at least one sixth release position. In this case, for example, the sixth switching element, in particular relative to the housing and / or translationally, be moved between the sixth connection position and the sixth release position. In the sixth connection state, the first sun gear by means of the sixth switching element rotatably connected to the housing and thus rotatably fixed to the housing, so that the first sun, especially not then relative to the housing, in particular about the main axis of rotation, rotate or rotate, if the planetary gear is driven. In the sixth release state, however, the sixth shift element releases the first sun gear for rotation relative to the housing, in particular about the main axis of rotation, so that, for example, the first sun gear can rotate or rotate relative to the housing, in particular about the main axis of rotation, when the planetary gear is driven.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the drive device comprises a first brake element, by means of which the first sun gear rotatably connected to the housing. Further, the drive device comprises a second brake element, by means of which the second ring gear is rotatably connected to the housing. The first brake element is thus switchable, for example, between a first braking state and a first open state. In the first braking state, the first sun gear is rotatably connected to the housing by means of the first brake element. In the first open state, the first brake element releases the first sun gear for rotation relative to the housing, in particular around the main axis of rotation, such that the first sun gear can rotate relative to the housing, in particular about the main axis of rotation, if that Planet gear is driven.

Accordingly, for example, the second brake element between a second braking state and a second open state can be switched. In the second braking state, for example, the second ring gear by means of the second brake element rotatably connected to the housing and thus rotatably fixed to the housing. In the second open state, however, the second brake element releases the second ring gear for rotation relative to the housing, in particular around the main axis of rotation, so that, for example, the second ring gear can rotate or rotate relative to the housing, in particular about the main axis of rotation, when the planetary gear is driven. In this way, a particularly advantageous driveability can be realized.

Another embodiment is characterized in that a Verblockungsschaltelement is provided by means of which the first sun gear rotatably coupled to the first ring gear. For example, the Verblockungsschaltelement, by means of which the first sun gear rotatably coupled to the first ring gear, conceptually clearly distinguish from the Verblockungsschaltelement by which two of the elements of the first planetary and / or two of the elements of the second planetary gear set are interconnected, for example the Verblockungsschaltelement, by means of which the first sun gear rotatably coupled to the first ring gear, also referred to as the second Verblockungsschaltelement. By using the second Verblockungsschaltelements a multi-course can be realized in a particularly advantageous manner. The second blocking switching element can be switched, for example, between a second blocking state and a second releasing state. The second blocking state corresponds, for example, to at least one second blocking position, wherein the second releasing state corresponds, for example, to at least one second releasing position corresponds. The second Verblockungsschaltelement can be moved, for example, in particular translationally and / or relative to the housing, between the second Verblockungsstellung and the second release position. In the second blocking state, the first sun gear is coupled or connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the first ring gear by means of the second blocking shift element, such that the first sun gear can not rotate or rotate relative to the first ring gear, in particular even when the planetary gear is driven. In the second release state, however, the second blocking switching element releases the first sun gear for rotation relative to the first ring gear, in particular around the main axis of rotation, so that in particular the first sun gear can rotate or rotate relative to the first ring gear, in particular about the main axis of rotation when the planetary gear is driven.

In order to keep the space requirements of the drive device, in particular of the planetary gear, particularly low, it is provided in a further embodiment of the invention that the second planetary gear is stacked arranged on the first planetary gear. In other words, the planetary gear sets are stacked, wherein, for example, the second planetary gear set is stacked on the first planetary gear set.

By this can be understood, in particular, that at least one longitudinal region of the first planetary gear set is covered in the radial direction of the planetary gear towards the outside by the second planetary gearset. In particular, it is preferably provided that in the axial direction of the first planetary gear is completely covered in the radial direction outwardly by the second planetary gear. As a result, in particular the axial space requirement can be kept in a particularly small frame.

Overall, it can be seen that the drive device or the planetary gear can be configured as a multi-step transmission based on the coupled or coupled planetary gear sets. In particular, the drive device or the planetary gear can be designed as a switchable, in particular power shiftable, multi-gear structure, in particular two-speed structure or three-speed structure, with a particularly space-optimized and thus compact and optionally coaxial design with little power loss can be displayed , In particular, at least or exactly three gears can be represented as driving gears, which can be used for forward driving and for driving backwards. For example, a first of the driving gears should enable trailer operation. In addition, the first drive for creeping operations is provided to protect, for example, the electrical machine and its power electronics from overheating.

For example, the respective, above-mentioned blocking switching element and / or the respective braking element is a switching element, so that the previous and following explanations to the switching elements can be readily transferred to the respective Verblockungsschaltelement and the braking element and vice versa. At least one of the switching elements, a plurality of switching elements or all switching elements may be formed, for example, as a form-locking switching elements and in particular as jaw clutches, wherein the respective positive switching element can be executed with or without synchronization unit to realize a further loss reduction can. Thus, for example, if the switching element is designed as a form-locking switching element, for example, the respective components via the respective switching element positively rotationally connected to each other, so that the losses can be kept particularly low. Further, it is conceivable that the respective switching element, in particular the respective brake element, is designed as a frictional or frictional switching element, so that the respective rotationally fixed connection is designed as a frictional or non-positive rotationally fixed connection. In other words, in this case, for example, the components are non-rotatably connected with one another by force or friction. In particular, the frictional switching element, in particular the respective brake element, may be formed as a friction brake.

In addition, it is possible to realize very low relative speeds in the open-running switching elements and in the planetary gear sets, so that a particularly low-loss operation can be displayed. In addition, a very good accessibility to the switching elements can be ensured. In addition, speeds at which rotates the electric machine or the rotor can be kept low even at high speeds of the motor vehicle, as a multi-course can be displayed.

In particular, it is conceivable that at least one of the planetary gear sets is designed as a double planet or double planetary gear. In this case, for example, at least one planetary gear of the double planetary gear set is designed as a double planetary gear. When using such a double planet or double planetary gear in a planetary gear whose web and Hohlradanbindungen be easily exchanged, whereby an equivalent structure can be shown in a particularly advantageous manner.

Further advantages, features and details of the invention will become apparent from the following description of preferred embodiments and from the drawing. The features and feature combinations mentioned above in the description as well as the features and feature combinations mentioned below in the description of the figures and / or in the figures alone can be used not only in the respectively specified combination but also in other combinations or in isolation, without the scope of To leave invention.

• 1 eine schematische Darstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen elektrischen Antriebsvorrichtung gemäß einer ersten Ausführungsform;
• 2 eine schematische Darstellung der Antriebsvorrichtung gemäß einer zweiten Ausführungsform;
• 3 eine schematische Darstellung der Antriebsvorrichtung gemäß einer dritten Ausführungsform;
• 4 eine schematische Darstellung der Antriebsvorrichtung gemäß einer vierten Ausführungsform;
• 5a eine schematische Darstellung der Antriebsvorrichtung gemäß einer fünften Ausführungsform;
• 5b eine schematische Darstellung der Antriebsvorrichtung gemäß einer sechsten Ausführungsform;
• 6a eine schematische Darstellung der Antriebsvorrichtung gemäß einer siebten Ausführungsform;
• 6b eine schematische Darstellung der Antriebsvorrichtung gemäß einer achten Ausführungsform; und
• 7 eine schematische Darstellung der Antriebsvorrichtung gemäß einer neunten Ausführungsform.

The drawing shows in:

• 1 a schematic representation of an electric drive device according to the invention according to a first embodiment;
• 2 a schematic representation of the drive device according to a second embodiment;
• 3 a schematic representation of the drive device according to a third embodiment;
• 4 a schematic representation of the drive device according to a fourth embodiment;
• 5a a schematic representation of the drive device according to a fifth embodiment;
• 5b a schematic representation of the drive device according to a sixth embodiment;
• 6a a schematic representation of the drive device according to a seventh embodiment;
• 6b a schematic representation of the drive device according to an eighth embodiment; and
• 7 a schematic representation of the drive device according to a ninth embodiment.

In the figures, the same or functionally identical elements are provided with the same reference numerals.

1 shows a first embodiment of a generally designated 10 electrical drive device for a motor vehicle, in particular for a motor vehicle and preferably for a passenger car. The electric drive device 10 is also referred to as a drive device. In its completely manufactured state, the motor vehicle comprises, for example, at least one axle which has at least two wheels spaced apart from one another in the vehicle transverse direction and also designated as vehicle wheels. The motor vehicle can be supported via the wheels on a roadway. If the motor vehicle is driven along the roadway, while the motor vehicle is supported on the roadway via the wheels, the wheels roll off the roadway. In this case, the motor vehicle by means of the drive device 10 be driven electrically. For this purpose, the electric drive device comprises 10 at least or exactly one electric machine 12 which is a stator 14 and a rotor 16 having. The rotor 16 is from the stator 14 drivable and thereby about a machine rotation axis relative to the stator 14 rotatable. The electric machine 12 can over the rotor 16 Provide torques by means of which the wheels and thus the motor vehicle can be driven.

The electric drive device 10 further comprises a differential gear 18 , which is assigned, for example, the said axis and thus also referred to as axle drive. The differential gear 18 is designed for example as a bevel gear differential. The wheels of the axle are for example via the differential gear 18 from the electric machine 12 drivable. For this purpose, for example, via the respective propeller shafts respective, in 1 through arrows 20 illustrated torques from the differential gear 18 transferred to the wheels. The by the arrows 20 For example, illustrated torques result from the respective ones of the electric machine 12 over the rotor 16 provided torques, which for example via a planetary gear 21 the drive device 10 on the differential gear 18 and be transferred from this to the wheels. The differential gear 18 includes an input shaft 22 which, for example, via the planetary gear 21 from the rotor 16 is drivable. About the input shaft 22 can torques generated by the planetary gear 21 be provided and, for example, from the electrical machine 12 provided torques result in the differential gear 18 initiated, causing the differential gear 18 is driven. The drive device 10 further includes an output shaft 24 , which, for example, part of the planetary gear 21 is. The planetary gear 21 can for example via the output shaft 24 the torques for driving the input shaft 22 and thus the differential gear 18 provide.

Furthermore, the drive device comprises 10 a in 1 particularly schematically illustrated housing 26 , which, for example, a housing of the planetary gear 21 is. In this case, the drive device comprises 10 , in particular the planetary gear 21 , a first planetary gear set 28 which is in the housing 26 is arranged. The first planetary gear set 28 includes a first sun gear 30 , a first ring gear 32 and a first planet carrier 34 , The sun wheel 30 , the ring gear 32 and the planet carrier 34 are elements of the first planetary gear set 28 , The planetary gear 21 and thus the drive device 10 further includes a second planetary gear set 36 which is a second sun gear 38 , a second ring gear 40 and a second planet carrier 41 includes. The sun wheel 38 , the ring gear 40 and the planet carrier 41 are elements of the second planetary gear set 36 , The planetary gear set 28 Also includes at least a first planetary gear 42 which is rotatable on the planet carrier 34 is stored. The planet wheel 42 on the one hand, it meshes with the sun gear 30 and on the other hand with the ring gear 32 , Accordingly, the second planetary gear set comprises 36 at least a second planetary gear 44 , which on the one hand with the sun wheel 38 and on the other hand with the ring gear 40 meshes and rotatable on the planet carrier 41 is stored. At least one of the planet wheels 42 and 44 or the planet wheels 42 and 44 can be designed as a double planet or double planet wheels, so that the planetary gear 28 and / or the planetary gear set 36 can be designed as Doppelplanetenradsatz.

At the in 1 illustrated first embodiment is the first planetary carrier 34 permanently non-rotatable with the output shaft 24 connected. Furthermore, the second ring gear 40 rotatably with the housing 26 connectable. For this purpose, for example, as a form-locking switching element or frictional switching element, in particular as a brake, trained switching element 46 provided by means of which the ring gear 40 rotatably with the housing 26 is connectable.

In order now to have a particularly low-loss and compact design and a particularly advantageous drivability of the drive device 10 to be able to realize, is the second planet carrier 41 permanently rotatable with the first planet carrier 34 connected. Here is the planet carrier 41 permanently non-rotatable with the output shaft 24 connected, for example, permanently rotatably connected to the input shaft 22 connected is. Furthermore, the output shaft 24 permanently rotatable with the planet carrier 34 connected so that, for example, the planet carrier 34 and 41 over the output shaft 24 permanently rotatably connected to each other.

Furthermore, it is in the drive device 10 provided that the rotor 16 about exactly one translation level 48 with the ring gear 32 permanently coupled. The translation level 48 is presently designed as a spur gear. In this case, the translation stage includes 48 a permanent rotation with the rotor 16 coupled or connected first gear 50 and a permanent rotation with the first ring gear 32 coupled or connected second gear 52 , The gears 50 and 52 are preferably designed as spur gears. In addition, it is provided in the present case that the gears 50 and 52 comb each other. In particular, it is conceivable that the gear 52 integral with the ring gear 32 is trained. The gear 52 has, for example, a first outer toothing, wherein the gear 50 for example, has a second external toothing. The first outer toothing is for example in engagement with the second outer toothing. Furthermore, for example, the first external toothing by an external toothing of the ring gear 32 educated. The ring gear 32 has, for example, an internal toothing, with which the planet gear 42 combs. In this case, for example, the first outer toothing and the internal toothing of the ring gear 32 formed integrally with each other. In other words, the gears point 50 and 52 respective toothing, which are formed in the first embodiment as the aforementioned external teeth. About the gears of the gears 50 and 52 can torque between the gears 50 and 52 be transferred so that, for example, the gear 52 over the gear 50 from the rotor 16 is drivable. Furthermore, it is provided that the toothing of the second gear 52 in the axial direction of the electric machine 12 or the planetary gear 21 at the same height as a toothing of the first ring gear 32 is arranged, wherein the one toothing of the first ring gear 32 in the first embodiment, said internal teeth of the ring gear 32 is.

In the first embodiment, the drive device comprises 10 , in particular the planetary gear 21 , in addition a blocking switching element 54 , by means of which two of the elements of the first planetary gear set 28 can be linked together. In these by means of the Verblockungsschaltelements 54 interconnected elements of the planetary gear set 28 this is the sun gear 30 and the ring gear 32 so that in the first embodiment, the sun gear 30 by means of the blocking switching element 54 with the ring gear 32 is lockable. Furthermore, a switching element designed, for example, as a brake and / or as a friction-locked shifting element is provided 56 provided by means of which the sun gear 30 rotatably with the housing 26 can be connected or coupled. In other words, the sun gear 30 by means of the switching element 56 rotationally fixed to the housing 26 be determined.

The drive device 10 In addition, a parking lock P with at least one example designed as a pawl first locking element 58 and a second blocking element 60 , The second blocking element 60 is for example rotationally fixed with the output shaft 24 connected. In particular, the second blocking element 60 be formed as a parking lock gear, which has a plurality of circumferentially successive and spaced apart ratchet teeth. Since the ratchet teeth are spaced apart in the circumferential direction of the parking lock gear, a tooth gap is provided in pairs between the ratchet teeth, in which the pawl can engage. If the pawl engages in one of the tooth gaps, the blocking elements act 58 and 60 form-fitting together. This is the output shaft 24 rotationally fixed to the housing 26 established. In other words, the output shaft 24 by means of the parking lock P, in particular form-fitting, rotationally fixed to the housing 26 fixable to thereby secure the wheels of the axle against undesirable rotation relative to a body formed, for example, as a self-supporting body structure of the motor vehicle. Thereby, the motor vehicle can be secured against undesired rolling away, which is particularly advantageous when the motor vehicle is parked or parked on a slope or on a slope.

Overall, it can be seen that an axially parallel and / or coaxial arrangement can be represented. Furthermore, speeds in the drive device 10 be kept particularly low at high speeds of the motor vehicle, so that in particular drag losses can be kept in a very small frame. In addition, very high gear efficiencies can be displayed, so that an efficient and thus efficient operation can be realized.

2 shows a second embodiment. The second embodiment differs in particular from the first embodiment that the ring gear 32 in the axial direction offset to the gear 52 is arranged or on the gear 52 follows. Furthermore, the blocking switching element 54 formed as such a switching element, by means of which the ring gear 32 , which permanently rotatably with the sun gear 38 is connected, rotatably with the sun gear 30 can be connected. Thus, the sun gear 30 by means of the blocking switching element 54 rotatably with the gear 52 get connected. This means that in the second embodiment, the means of the Verblockungsschaltelements 54 interconnected elements the ring gear 32 and the sun wheel 30 are. Also in the second embodiment are the planet carrier 34 and 41 permanently non-rotatable with each other and permanently against rotation with the output shaft 24 connected, which permanently rotatably connected to the input shaft 22 connected so that the planet carrier 34 and 41 permanently rotatable with the input shaft 22 are connected. As in the first embodiment, the respective switching element 46 respectively 56 be designed as frictional switching element, in particular as a brake. The blocking switching element 54 can be designed as a positive switching element and thus, for example, as a claw or claw coupling.

3 shows a third embodiment of the drive device 10 , In the third embodiment, the planetary gear sets 28 and 36 stacked, with the planetary gear set 36 on the planetary gear set 28 is stacked. In the third embodiment, for example, the ring gear 32 of the planetary gear set 28 integral with the sun gear 38 of the planetary gear set 36 trained so that, for example, the sun 38 as an external toothing of the ring gear 32 is trained. Thus, for example, the internal toothing of the ring gear 32 integral with the sun gear 38 educated. By this stacking of planetary gear sets 28 and 36 In particular, the axial space requirement can be kept in a very small frame.

4 shows a fourth embodiment of the drive device 10 , The fourth embodiment basically corresponds to the second embodiment or builds on the second embodiment, in particular with the difference that the translation stage 48 is designed as a third planetary gear set. The third planetary gearset includes a third sun gear 62 , a third ring gear 64 and a third planet carrier 66 , Further, the third planetary gear comprises at least a third planetary gear 68 which is rotatable on the planet carrier 66 is stored and with the sun gear 62 on the one hand and with the ring gear 64 on the other hand combs. For example, the ring gear 64 permanently rotatable with the housing 26 connected or with the housing 26 connectable. Further, the sun gear 62 permanently rotatable with the rotor 16 the electric machine 12 connected so that, for example, in the fourth embodiment, the sun gear 62 the function or the role of the gear 50 takes over in the second embodiment. The planet carrier 66 is permanently rotatable with the sun gear 38 and / or with the ring gear 32 connected, wherein the ring gears 32 and 38 permanently rotatably connected to each other. As in the second embodiment, in the fourth embodiment, the sun gear 30 by means of the blocking switching element 54 with the ring gear 32 locked and rotatable with the sun gear 38 get connected. Thus, as in the second embodiment, the means of the Verblockungsschaltelements 54 interconnected elements of the sun gear 30 and the ring gear 32 of the planetary gear set 28 , Also, in the third embodiment, by means of the Verblockungsschaltelements 54 the sun wheel 30 with the sun wheel 38 and with the ring gear 32 rotatably connected. The same applies to the first embodiment.

Furthermore, in the fourth embodiment, the sun gear 30 by means of the blocking switching element 54 rotatably with the planet carrier 66 be connected as the planet carrier 66 for example, rotationally fixed with the ring gear 32 and / or with the sun wheel 38 connected is. As with the second embodiment, in the fourth embodiment, the planet carrier 41 permanently non-rotatable with the output shaft 24 connected.

In a further, not shown in the figures embodiment, which emanates, for example, from the fourth embodiment, it can be provided that the planet carrier 66 permanently rotatable with the housing 26 connected or with the housing 26 is connectable. For example, the sun gear is here 62 permanently rotatable with the rotor 16 connected. Further, for example, the ring gear 64 permanently rotationally fixed with the ring gear 32 and / or with the sun wheel 38 connected.

5a shows a fifth embodiment, wherein in 5a For the sake of clarity, the electric machine 12 not shown. In 5a however, illustrates an arrow 70 the respective one, from the electric machine 12 over the rotor 16 deployable torque, which for example via the ring gear 32 in the planetary gear 21 can be introduced. Thus, for example, in the fifth embodiment, the rotor 16 permanently rotationally fixed with the ring gear 32 coupled or with the ring gear 32 coupled, so that, for example, in the fifth embodiment, a connection of the electric machine 12 to the ring gear 32 as provided in the first embodiment. The trained example as brakes shift elements 56 and 46 are for example as in the first embodiment. For example, in the fifth embodiment, a switching element is now 72 provided, which is designed as Verblockungsschaltelement. By means of the switching element 72 is the ring gear 32 with the planet carrier 34 of the first planetary gear set 28 blockable, that is rotatably connected. While in the fifth embodiment of the planet carrier 34 permanently non-rotatable with the output shaft 24 and / or with the input shaft 22 is connected in the fifth embodiment, the sun gear 30 by means of the switching element 72 rotatably with the output shaft 24 or with the input shaft 22 , in particular via the planet carrier 34 , get connected. In the fifth embodiment, the switching element follows 72 in the axial direction of the switching element 56 , where the planetary gear set 28 on the switching element 72 follows.

In an embodiment not shown in the figures, the switching element 72 For example, be trained to the planet carrier 34 with the ring gear 32 to block, so then, for example, the planet carrier 34 by means of the switching element 72 over the ring gear 32 rotatably with the sun gear 38 can be connected.

In a further embodiment not shown in the figures, the switching element 72 For example, be designed to the sun gear 38 with the planet carrier 41 to block. For example, because the ring gear 32 permanently rotatable with the sun gear 38 is connected, for example, via the switching element 72 the ring gear 32 with the planet carrier 41 and about this with the output shaft 24 and / or with the input shaft 22 rotatably connected.

In a further embodiment not shown in the figures, it is conceivable that the switching element 72 adapted to the sun gear 38 with the ring gear 40 to block. As the sun wheel 38 with the ring gear 32 permanently rotatably connected, for example, via the switching element 72 the ring gear 32 with the ring gear 40 rotatably connected.

5b shows a sixth embodiment in which the switching element 72 is formed to the ring gear 40 with the planet carrier 41 to block. As the planet carrier 41 permanently non-rotatable with the output shaft 24 and / or with the input shaft 22 is connected, for example, the ring gear 40 over the switching element 72 rotatably with the output shaft 24 and / or with the input shaft 22 get connected. The switching element 72 can in particular be designed as a form-locking switching element, in particular as a claw or claw coupling. Overall, it can be seen that the switching element 72 may be configured to any two elements of the planetary gear sets 28 and 36 rotatably coupled with each other or to connect with each other.

6a shows a seventh embodiment. In the seventh embodiment, for example, eliminates the particular designed as a brake switching element 56 and is through a housing-fixed connection of the sun gear 30 to the housing 26 replaced, so that in the seventh embodiment, the sun gear 30 permanently rotatable with the housing 26 connected is. Here is a switching element 74 provided, by means of which the planet carrier 34 rotatably with the input shaft 22 or with the output shaft 24 is connectable. The switching element 74 is preferably designed as a form-locking switching element, in particular as a Klause or dog clutch.

In another embodiment, not shown in the figures, it is conceivable that the rotor 16 permanently with the sun wheel 38 is coupled. Here too is the sun wheel 30 permanently rotatable with the housing 26 connected, so is preferably the switching element 74 designed to be the rotor 16 or the sun wheel 38 rotatably with the ring gear 32 connect to.

6b shows an eighth embodiment, in which, for example, compared to the first embodiment, the switching element 46 eliminated and by a permanent non-rotatable connection of the ring gear 40 to the housing 26 is replaced. Thus, it is provided in the eighth embodiment that the ring gear 40 permanently rotatable with the housing 26 connected is. Here is a switching element 76 provided, by means of which the planet carrier 41 rotatably with the output shaft 24 and / or with the input shaft 22 and / or with the planet carrier 34 is connectable. Preferably, the switching element 76 designed as a form-locking switching element and in particular as a claw or claw coupling. In an embodiment not illustrated in the figures, it can be provided that in comparison to the eighth embodiment of the planet carrier 41 permanently non-rotatable with the output shaft 24 or with the input shaft 22 or with the planet carrier 34 connected is. Instead of the permanently rotatable connection between the ring gear 32 and the sun wheel 38 - As it is provided in the eighth embodiment - then, for example, a switching element is provided, by means of which the ring gear 32 rotatably with the sun gear 38 is connectable.

Finally shows 7 A ninth embodiment of the drive device 10 which has at least or exactly two switchable, in particular power shiftable, gears in the ninth embodiment. In contrast to the first embodiment, in the ninth embodiment, the blocking switching element 54 not provided, so that a particularly simple structure and thus a compact, weight and low-cost and low-loss design can be displayed.

Claims (11)

An electric drive device (10) for a motor vehicle, comprising at least one electric machine (12) with a differential gear (18) having an input shaft (22) with a housing (26), with an output shaft (24), with an in a first sun gear (30), a first ring gear (32) and a first planetary carrier (34) rotatably connected to the output shaft (24) as elements of the first Ptanetenradsatzes (28 ), and with a in the housing (26) received second planetary gear set (36), which a second sun gear (38), a rotatably connected to the housing (26) or connectable second ring gear (40) and a second planet carrier (41) as elements of the second planetary gear set (36), wherein - the second planet carrier (41) rotatably connected to the first planet carrier (34) or connectable; and - the second sun gear (38) rotatably connected to the first ring gear (32) or connectable, characterized in that the second sun gear (38) forms a first hollow shaft within which arranged at least a portion of the output shaft (24) as a second hollow shaft is within which at least one Gelenkwellenabschnitt for transmitting a torque (20) of the differential gear (18) is arranged on at least one wheel of the motor vehicle, wherein the second sun gear (38) forms a first hollow shaft, within which at least a portion of the output shaft (24 ) is arranged as a second hollow shaft, within which at least one articulated shaft portion for transmitting a torque (20) from the differential gear (18) is arranged on at least one wheel of the motor vehicle. Electric drive device (10) according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the electric machine (12) has a rotor (16), which is coupled via a translation stage (48) with the first ring gear (32) or can be coupled. Electric drive device (10) according to Claim 2 , characterized in that the translation stage (48) has a permanently connected to the rotor (16) coupled first gear (50) and a permanent non-rotatably with the first ring gear (32) coupled second gear (52). Electric drive device (10) according to Claim 3 , characterized in that a toothing of the second gear (52) in the axial direction at the same height as a toothing of the first ring gear (32) is arranged. Electric drive device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a Verblockungsschaltelement (54) is provided, by means of which two of the elements of the first planetary gear set (28) and / or two of the elements of the second planetary gear set are interconnected (36). Electric drive device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the output shaft (24) permanently non-rotatably connected to the input shaft (22) of the differential gear (18) is connected. Electric drive device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the differential gear (18) an outer diameter which is smaller than a diameter of an outer toothing of the first sun gear (30) and a diameter of an outer toothing of the second sun gear (38), wherein the differential gear (18) in the axial direction at least substantially in the region of the first planetary gear set (28 ) and the second planetary gear set (36) is arranged. Electric drive device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first sun gear (30) rotatably connected to the housing (26) or connectable. Electric drive device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that: - a first brake element (56) is provided, by means of which the first sun gear (30) rotatably connected to the housing (26) is connectable; and - a second brake element (46) is provided, by means of which the second ring gear (40) rotatably connected to the housing (26) is connectable. Electric drive device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a Verblockungsschaltelement (54) is provided, by means of which the first sun gear (30) rotatably coupled to the first ring gear (32) can be coupled. Electric drive device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second planetary gear set (36) stacked on the first planetary gear set (28) is arranged.

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