DE102018000634A1 - Construction element made of pressed straw with frame - Google Patents
Construction element made of pressed straw with frame Download PDFInfo
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- DE102018000634A1 DE102018000634A1 DE102018000634.5A DE102018000634A DE102018000634A1 DE 102018000634 A1 DE102018000634 A1 DE 102018000634A1 DE 102018000634 A DE102018000634 A DE 102018000634A DE 102018000634 A1 DE102018000634 A1 DE 102018000634A1
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- straw
- component
- frame
- bale
- compacted
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- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title description 3
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000007340 Hordeum vulgare Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000209504 Poaceae Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019714 Triticale Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011508 lime plaster Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000228158 x Triticosecale Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011506 clay plaster Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000005979 Hordeum vulgare Species 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009417 prefabrication Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000209056 Secale Species 0.000 description 8
- 244000082988 Secale cereale Species 0.000 description 4
- 241000209219 Hordeum Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- BUHVIAUBTBOHAG-FOYDDCNASA-N (2r,3r,4s,5r)-2-[6-[[2-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-(2-methylphenyl)ethyl]amino]purin-9-yl]-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolane-3,4-diol Chemical compound COC1=CC(OC)=CC(C(CNC=2C=3N=CN(C=3N=CN=2)[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)O)C=2C(=CC=CC=2)C)=C1 BUHVIAUBTBOHAG-FOYDDCNASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002538 fungal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000417 fungicide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/35—Extraordinary methods of construction, e.g. lift-slab, jack-block
- E04B1/3555—Constructions using straw bales
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
- E04C2/10—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products
- E04C2/16—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products of fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like
- E04C2/18—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products of fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like with binding wires, reinforcing bars, or the like
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
- E04C2/38—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure with attached ribs, flanges, or the like, e.g. framed panels
- E04C2/384—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure with attached ribs, flanges, or the like, e.g. framed panels with a metal frame
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
- E04C2/38—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure with attached ribs, flanges, or the like, e.g. framed panels
- E04C2/386—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure with attached ribs, flanges, or the like, e.g. framed panels with a frame of unreconstituted or laminated wood
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
- E04C2/38—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure with attached ribs, flanges, or the like, e.g. framed panels
- E04C2/388—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure with attached ribs, flanges, or the like, e.g. framed panels with a frame of other materials, e.g. fibres, plastics
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B2001/742—Use of special materials; Materials having special structures or shape
- E04B2001/745—Vegetal products, e.g. plant stems, barks
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/24—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation
- Y02A30/244—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation using natural or recycled building materials, e.g. straw, wool, clay or used tires
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Bei den bekannten lastabtragenden Strohballensystemen werden die Ballen rahmenlos aufeinandergesetzt und ggf. im Nachgang verdichtetet unter anderem auch durch Auflasten wie Wände, Decken oder Dächer.Bei den üblicherweise verwendeten Techniken beim Bauen mit Stroh wird entweder ein Ständersystem oder auch Fachwerk erstellt, in das Stroh, als in der Regel wärmedämmender Füllstoff, eingebracht wird oder es werden ganze beplankte Elemente oder Hausteile vorgefertigt. Es handelt sich dabei meist um mehrschichtig gefertigte Bauteile, die in Wärmestromrichtung unterschiedliche bauphysikalische Eigenschaften aufweisen.Mit der Erfindung wird eine Lösung angeboten, die sowohl statische, als auch konstruktive, bauphysikalische, wärme- und schalldämmende, ökologische, flexible und ökonomische Aspekte in einem Bauelement zusammenführt, Durch einen Rahmen, der das verdichtete Stroh umgibt, ist die Transportfähigkeit auch größerer Elemente sowie die Maßhaltigkeit und deren exakte Versetzung auf der Baustelle gewährleistet.Der einschichtige, gebundene Ballen (1) wird allseitig mit einem Rahmen z. B. aus OSB-Platten (2), die in lastabtragender Richtung durch Bretter, Bohlen und/oder Kanthölzer (3) verstärkt werden können, umrahmt. Der Rahmen muss nicht die gesamte Ballenstärke abdecken. Es ist günstig, wenn er, wie hier im Beispiel, auf die Hälfte der Ballenstärke reduziert wird. Ausgesteift wird der Rahmen hier über Eckverbindungen (4), die sowohl in Metall als auch in Holz möglich sind. Sie sollten senkrecht zur Wärmestromrichtung liegen. Die hier im Beispiel statisch erforderlichen Kanthölzer (3) werden zuvor mit den Platten des Rahmens (2) verbunden und dann in den Ballen eingelassen. Ein Ständersystem wird damit überflüssig.Die Eigenschaft, sowohl den Rahmen als auch das ggf. hochverdichtete Stroh zur Lastabtragung einzusetzen, ermöglicht eine hohe Anpassungsfähigkeit an die bautechnisch gestellten Anforderungen, die durch die Vorfertigung auch wirtschaftlich höchst interessant wird. Weiterhin stellt der mögliche Einsatz als Wand- , Boden-, Decken- oder Dachelement ein Höchstmaß an Flexibilität her.In the known load-bearing straw bale systems, the bales are stacked frameless and possibly compacted in the aftermath, among other things by Auflasten such as walls, ceilings or roofs. The commonly used techniques when building with straw either a stand system or truss is created in the straw, as a rule heat-insulating filler is introduced, or it will be prefabricated whole planked elements or house parts. These are usually multilayer components which have different building physical properties in the heat flow direction. The invention provides a solution which is both static and constructive, building physics, heat and sound insulation, ecological, flexible and economical aspects in one component By a frame that surrounds the compacted straw, the transportability of larger elements as well as the dimensional accuracy and their exact displacement on the site guaranteed. The single-layer, bound bales (1) is on all sides with a frame z. B. from OSB boards (2), which can be reinforced in load-bearing direction by boards, planks and / or squared lumber (3) framed. The frame does not have to cover the entire bale thickness. It is favorable, if it, as here in the example, on half the bale strength is reduced. The frame is reinforced with corner joints (4), which are possible both in metal and in wood. They should be perpendicular to the heat flow direction. The square timbers (3) which are structurally necessary in this example are previously connected to the panels of the frame (2) and then embedded in the bale. A stand system is thus superfluous. The ability to use both the frame and the possibly highly compressed straw for load transfer, allows a high adaptability to the structural requirements, which is also economically highly interesting by the prefabrication. Furthermore, the potential use as a wall, floor, ceiling or roof element provides maximum flexibility.
Description
Hauptanspruchmain claim
Dämmendes Bauelement aus verdichtetem, unbehandeltem Stroh (Roggen, Weizen, Dinkel, Gerste, Triticale oder andere Getreide oder Gräser) zur Herstellung von Wand-, Boden-, Decken- oder Dachbauteilen gekennzeichnet dadurch, dass
- - ein Rahmen aus Holz, Holzwerkstoff, Beton, Metall und/oder Kunststoff die Seiten des Bauteils ganz oder teilweise umrahmt, der aussteifende und/oder lastabtragende Funktionen übernehmen kann
- - das Stroh (Roggen,...) naturbelassen, einschichtig und ohne chemische Zusätze verdichtet ist
- - das Stroh (Roggen,.:.) teilweise oder vollständig die Lastabtragung sicherstellen kann
- - die Rohdichte der Strohfüllung (Roggen,...) mindestens 85 kg/cbm beträgt und der Feuchtegehalt des Strohs 18 Masseprozent nicht überschreitet
- - das Stroh (Roggen,...) vor der Verdichtung nicht zerkleinert oder bearbeitet wurde.
- - A frame made of wood, wood-based material, concrete, metal and / or plastic, the sides of the component completely or partially framed, which can take over stiffening and / or load-bearing functions
- - the straw (rye, ...) is natural, single-layered and compacted without chemical additives
- - the straw (rye,.:.) can partially or completely ensure the load transfer
- - the raw density of the straw filling (rye, ...) is at least 85 kg / cbm and the moisture content of the straw does not exceed 18% by mass
- - the straw (rye, ...) was not crushed or processed before compaction.
Beschreibungdescription
Die Erfindung betrifft ein vorgefertigtes Bauteil aus verdichtetem Stroh (Roggen, Weizen, Dinkel, Gerste, Triticale oder andere Getreide oder Gräser), das sich als Bauelement zur Herstellung von Gebäuden oder Gebäudeteilen eignet, gekennzeichnet dadurch, dass ein Rahmen aus Holz, Holzwerkstoff, Beton, Metall und/oder Kunststoff die Schmalseiten des Bauteils ganz oder teilweise umrahmt, der konstruktive und/oder aussteifende und/oder lastabtragende Funktionen übernehmen kann. Auf eine Beplankung des Elementes oder eine innere Stabilisierung kann dadurch verzichtet werden.The invention relates to a prefabricated component of compacted straw (rye, wheat, spelled, barley, triticale or other cereals or grasses), which is suitable as a component for the production of buildings or parts of buildings, characterized in that a frame made of wood, wood material, concrete , Metal and / or plastic, the narrow sides of the component completely or partially framed, which can take over structural and / or stiffening and / or load-bearing functions. On a planking of the element or internal stabilization can be dispensed with.
Das naturbelassene Stroh (Roggen,...), das i. d. R. mittels Strohballenpressen verdichtet wird, wird aus bauphysikalischen Gründen einschichtig hergestellt und kann im Nachgang mit diffusionsoffenem Material wie z. B. Kalk- oder Lehmputz, HWF-Platten bekleidet werden.The natural straw (rye, ...), the i. d. R. compacted by means of straw balers, is made of single-layer construction-physical reasons and can subsequently with permeable material such. As lime or clay plaster, HWF plates are dressed.
Die Elemente werden in unterschiedlichen Dicken, Breiten, Längen und Formen hergestellt, wobei die spätere Fügung und Funktion der Bauteile die Form prägt. Auch aus Brandschutzerwägungen beträgt die Rohdichte der Strohfüllung mindestens 85 kg/cbm. Zur Vermeidung von Pilzwachstum darf der Feuchtegehalt des Strohs 18 Masseprozent nicht überschreiten. Die weiteren wärme-, feuchte- und brandschutztechnischen Eigenschaften orientieren sich an den allgemeinen Zulassungen für Baustrohballen.The elements are manufactured in different thicknesses, widths, lengths and shapes, whereby the later joining and function of the components shape the shape. Also for fire protection reasons, the raw density of the straw filling is at least 85 kg / cbm. To avoid fungal growth, the moisture content of the straw must not exceed 18% by mass. The other heat, moisture and fire protection properties are based on the general approvals for Baustalerballen.
Die Erfindung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass einerseits unbehandeltes, nicht erwärmtes, verdichtetes, einschichtiges Stroh ohne Zusätze und/oder Bindemittel von einem Rahmen umgeben wird, der statische Funktionen übernehmen kann, andererseits die Rohdichte des Strohs so erhöht werden kann, dass das Stroh lastabtragend wirkt. Dadurch kann z. B. in Wänden auf äußere Tragsysteme wie Ständerwerke, Skelette oder Wandscheiben verzichtet werden.The invention is characterized in that on the one hand untreated, unheated, compacted, single-layer straw without additives and / or binder is surrounded by a frame that can take on static functions, on the other hand, the raw density of the straw can be increased so that the straw acts load-bearing , As a result, z. B. be omitted in walls on external support systems such as studs, skeletons or wall panels.
Die Abmessung der Elemente wird maßgeblich durch die in der Landwirtschaft verwendeten Ballenpressen beeinflusst. Die Fügung der Bauteile untereinander oder zum Konstruktionssystem geschieht schnell und effektiv über die Rahmen ohne äußere Nut und Feder, um Bautoleranzen ausgleichen zu können.The dimension of the elements is significantly influenced by the balers used in agriculture. The joining of the components with each other or to the construction system is done quickly and effectively on the frame without external tongue and groove to compensate for building tolerances can.
Das in Wärmestromrichtung einschichtige und damit bauphysikalisch homogene Element kann als Witterungsschutz ein- oder beidseitig mit Kalkputz oder wasserabweisenden, diffusionsoffenen Plattenwerkstoffen z. B. HWF-Platten versehen werden.The one-layered in the heat flow direction and therefore physically homogeneous element can be used as weather protection on one or both sides with lime plaster or water-repellent, vapor-permeable plate materials z. B. HWF plates are provided.
Stand der TechnikState of the art
Bei den bekannten lastabtragenden Strohballensystemen werden die Ballen rahmenlos aufeinandergesetzt und ggf. im Nachgang verdichtetet unter anderem auch durch Auflasten wie Wände, Decken oder Dächer.In the known load-bearing straw bale systems, the bales are stacked frameless and possibly compacted in the subsequent, inter alia, by loads such as walls, ceilings or roofs.
Bei den üblicherweise verwendeten Techniken beim Bauen mit Stroh wird entweder ein Ständersystem oder auch Fachwerk erstellt, in das Stroh, als in der Regel wärmedämmender Füllstoff, eingebracht wird oder es werden ganze beplankte Elemente oder Hausteile vorgefertigt. Es handelt sich dabei meist um mehrschichtig gefertigte Bauteile, die in Wärmestromrichtung unterschiedliche bauphysikalische Eigenschaften aufweisen.In the commonly used techniques when building with straw either a stand system or truss is created in the straw, as usually heat-insulating filler is introduced, or it is prefabricated whole planked elements or house parts. These are usually multi-layered components that have different physical properties in the heat flow direction.
Bei den bekannten Ständer- oder Fachwerksystemen sind zur Aussteifung Streben oder Beplankungen erforderlich. Bei den bisherigen vorgefertigten Elementen werden ebenfalls Beplankungen oder/und Streben bzw. Eisen zur Aussteifung genutzt.In the known stand or truss systems struts or skins are required for stiffening. In the previous prefabricated elements also planking and / or struts or iron are used for stiffening.
Veröffentlichte Systeme wie z. B. das in der Gebrauchsmusterschrift
Andere bisherige Elemente wie sie z. B. im Gebrauchsmusterschrift mit Rollennummer G 92 14 307.5 U1 beschrieben sind, werden durch einen formengebenden Kasten oder Hohlkörper, der danach mit z. B. Dämmmaterial gefüllt wird, bestimmt.Other previous elements such as. B. in the utility model with roll number G 92 14 307.5 U1 are described by a molding box or hollow body, which then with z. B. insulation material is filled, determined.
Weitere bekannte Verfahren mit Stroh und Holz werden beschrieben in der europäischen Patentschrift
Die in der
Verfahren wie in der Offenlegungsschrift
Auch in dem in der Offenlegungsschrift
Aufgabenstellungtask
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist daher, eine Lösung anzubieten, die sowohl statische, als auch konstruktive, bauphysikalische, wärme- und schalldämmende, ökologische, flexible und ökonomische Aspekte in einem Bauelement zusammenführt.The object of the invention is therefore to provide a solution that combines static as well as constructive, building physics, heat and sound insulation, ecological, flexible and economic aspects in a single component.
Durch die Möglichkeit der Verwendung nicht nur naturbelassener Kleinballen sondern auch unbehandelter Großballen, wie sie in der modernen Landwirtschaft vorwiegend anfallen, werden ökonomische und ökologische Potentiale mit konstruktiven kombiniert.The possibility of using not only natural small bales but also untreated large bales, as they are predominantly produced in modern agriculture, economic and ecological potentials are combined with constructive.
Durch einen Rahmen, der das verdichtete Stroh umgibt, ist die Transportfähigkeit auch größerer Elemente sowie die Maßhaltigkeit und deren exakte Versetzung auf der Baustelle gewährleistet. Die Eigenschaft, sowohl den Rahmen als auch das ggf. hochverdichtete Stroh zur Lastabtragung einzusetzen, ermöglicht eine hohe Anpassungsfähigkeit an die bautechnisch gestellten Anforderungen, die durch die Vorfertigung auch wirtschaftlich höchst interessant wird. Weiterhin stellt der mögliche Einsatz als Wand-, Boden-, Decken- oder Dachelement ein Höchstmaß an Flexibilität her. Bei Verwendung als Decken- oder Dachelement kann ggf. auf eine lastabtragende Funktion verzichtet werden, wobei stets die bauphysikalischen Anforderungen berücksichtigt werden müssen. Eine längerfristige Auffeuchtung des Strohs in der Nutzungsphase muss unterbunden werden.By a frame surrounding the compacted straw, the transportability of larger elements and the dimensional accuracy and their exact displacement on the site is guaranteed. The ability to use both the frame and the possibly highly compressed straw for load transfer, allows a high adaptability to the structural requirements, which is also highly economically interesting by the prefabrication. Furthermore, the potential use as a wall, floor, ceiling or roof element provides maximum flexibility. When used as a ceiling or roof element may possibly be dispensed with a load-bearing function, always the building physics requirements must be considered. A longer-term humidification of the straw in the use phase must be prevented.
Da ein moderner Baustoff neben bestehenden auch absehbare zukünftige Problemfelder berücksichtigen sollte, ist neben der schadstoffarmen, primärenergetisch optimalen Herstellung und auch die umweltfreundliche Entsorgung zu bedenken. Durch den Verzicht auf Fungizide, Bindemittel und Zusatzstoffe sowie weitere Konstruktionsteile im Stroh ist sowohl die Materialtrennung als auch die ökologische Entsorgung abgesichert.Since a modern building material should take into account not only existing but also foreseeable future problem areas, consideration should be given to low-emission, primary-energetically optimal production as well as environmentally-friendly disposal. By eliminating fungicides, binders and additives as well as other construction parts in straw, both material separation and ecological disposal are safeguarded.
Ausführungexecution
Die Erfindung soll anhand eines Ausführungsbeispieles als Wandelement erläutert werden: Strohballen einer in der Landwirtschaft üblichen Quaderballenpresse mit unterschiedlichen Abmessungen und einer Mindestrohdichte von 85 kg/cbm sowie einer maximalen Feuchte von 18 Masseprozent dienen als Ausgangsprodukt für das Bauelement. Als Baustroh eignen sich die Halme von Roggen, Weizen, Dinkel, Gerste, Triticale oder anderen Getreiden oder Gräsern, die ausreichende Festigkeit aufweisen.The invention will be explained with reference to an embodiment as a wall element: straw bales of a conventional square baler in agriculture with different dimensions and a minimum density of 85 kg / cbm and a maximum moisture content of 18 percent serve as the starting material for the device. Suitable for building straw are the straws of rye, wheat, spelled, barley, triticale or other cereals or grasses that have sufficient strength.
Der einschichtige, gebundene Ballen (
Das hier im Beispiel skizzierte Bauteil ist wandhoch und hat die Dicke des Ballens aus der Großballenpresse von 70 cm und die Breite von 120 cm (Schachtmaße der Ballenpresse). Andere Maße und Formen sind durch andere Ballenpressen oder nachträgliches Auftrennen und Bearbeiten der Ballen bzw. Bauelemente herstellbar.The example sketched here in the example is wall-high and has the thickness of the bale from the large baler of 70 cm and the width of 120 cm (shaft dimensions of the baler). Other dimensions and shapes can be produced by other balers or subsequent separation and processing of the bales or components.
Die Höhen, Längen, Dicken und Formen der Elemente richten sich sowohl nach den gewünschten Erfordernissen als auch nach den Möglichkeiten der verwendeten Ballenpressen. Das so hergestellte hier beispielhaft beschriebene Bauelement wird zum Schutz vor Witterung einseitig mit einer diffusionsoffenen Kalkschlämme versehen, die sich als Untergrund für ein Kalkputzsystem eignet. Ein wasserabweisender, diffusionsoffener Plattenwerkstoff wäre hier auch anwendbar. The heights, lengths, thicknesses and shapes of the elements depend both on the desired requirements and on the possibilities of the balers used. The component produced by way of example described here is provided on one side with a diffusion-open Kalkschlämme to protect against weather, which is suitable as a substrate for a lime plaster system. A water-repellent, vapor-permeable plate material would also be applicable here.
Zum Anheben, Versetzen und zur effektiveren Vertadefähigkeit werden die Rahmen in der Mitte des Elementes mit Metalllaschen (
Die Verbindung der einzelnen Bauelemente wird durch Verschraubungen mit oder ohne zusätzliche Bauteile wie z. B. Latten abgesichert. Zur Verbesserung der Luftdichtigkeit können an den Stößen Dichtungsbänder eingebaut werden.The connection of the individual components is by screwing with or without additional components such. B. slats hedged. To improve the air-tightness sealing strips can be installed on the joints.
BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
- 11
- Strohballenstraw bales
- 22
- OSB - PlatteOSB - plate
- 33
- Kantholztimber
- 44
- HolzeckverbindungHolzeckverbindung
- 55
- Aufhängung, hier Metalllaschen Suspension, here metal straps
- I.I.
- Innenseiteinside
- A.A.
- Außenseiteoutside
ZITATE ENTHALTEN IN DER BESCHREIBUNG QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION
Diese Liste der vom Anmelder aufgeführten Dokumente wurde automatisiert erzeugt und ist ausschließlich zur besseren Information des Lesers aufgenommen. Die Liste ist nicht Bestandteil der deutschen Patent- bzw. Gebrauchsmusteranmeldung. Das DPMA übernimmt keinerlei Haftung für etwaige Fehler oder Auslassungen.This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.
Zitierte PatentliteraturCited patent literature
- DE 202005007057 U1 [0011]DE 202005007057 U1 [0011]
- AT 413998 B [0011]AT 413998 B [0011]
- EP 0969156 A3 [0013]EP 0969156 A3 [0013]
- AT 510797 A1 [0013]AT 510797 A1 [0013]
- DE 812003 [0014]DE 812003 [0014]
- DE 102006004779 A1 [0015]DE 102006004779 A1 [0015]
- DE 10234895 A1 [0016]DE 10234895 A1 [0016]
Claims (10)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE202017000543.3U DE202017000543U1 (en) | 2017-02-01 | 2017-02-01 | Construction element made of pressed straw with frame |
| DE202017000543.3 | 2017-02-01 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE102018000634A1 true DE102018000634A1 (en) | 2018-08-02 |
| DE102018000634B4 DE102018000634B4 (en) | 2020-04-16 |
Family
ID=58694209
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE202017000543.3U Expired - Lifetime DE202017000543U1 (en) | 2017-02-01 | 2017-02-01 | Construction element made of pressed straw with frame |
| DE102018000634.5A Active DE102018000634B4 (en) | 2017-02-01 | 2018-01-25 | Prefabricated, insulating component made from a large bale of compacted straw surrounded by a frame |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE202017000543.3U Expired - Lifetime DE202017000543U1 (en) | 2017-02-01 | 2017-02-01 | Construction element made of pressed straw with frame |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (2) | DE202017000543U1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117536343A (en) * | 2023-10-30 | 2024-02-09 | 同济大学 | Pleurotus ostreatus-straw-based mycelium sandwich insulation board and its wall panels and roof panels |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT520333B1 (en) * | 2017-08-30 | 2019-03-15 | Dipl Ing Fh Christian Alois Schrei | Insulation made of vegetable raw material, with implemented wooden construct |
| DE102018116426A1 (en) | 2018-07-06 | 2020-01-09 | René Driefer | Straw component |
| CN109971520A (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2019-07-05 | 煤炭科学技术研究院有限公司 | A kind of method that the purification of concentration low concentration coal-bed gas destatics |
| CN113175150A (en) * | 2021-05-08 | 2021-07-27 | 海南大学 | Crop straw wallboard and manufacturing process thereof |
| US11661740B2 (en) | 2021-10-07 | 2023-05-30 | ORB Technologies, LLC | System, apparatus, and method for providing a plant-based structural assembly |
| DE102023211651A1 (en) * | 2023-11-22 | 2025-05-22 | H + S Produktion GmbH | Timber frame construction element and building |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE812003C (en) | 1948-12-22 | 1951-08-27 | Knut Waldemar Johansson | Wall made from building panels |
| EP0969156A2 (en) | 1998-07-01 | 2000-01-05 | Jacob Schweitzer | Insulation element from straw and its manufacturing method |
| DE10234895A1 (en) | 2001-07-31 | 2003-02-20 | Dieter Becker | Supporting wall structure of straw has layers of bales in brick like fashion reinforced by vertical rods and with narrow planks laid loose along edges between at least two layers and connected horizontally by connectors |
| DE202005007057U1 (en) | 2005-05-02 | 2005-06-30 | Krupinski, Matthias | Plank based wood stand e.g. for holding straw, has framework with central board reinforced and weatherproof skin with straw inserted into framework and fine foam layer placed on top of straw |
| AT413998B (en) | 2000-08-31 | 2006-08-15 | Passauer Walter | STRAW insulating |
| DE102006004779A1 (en) | 2006-02-02 | 2007-08-09 | Technocad Service Gmbh & Co. Kg | Method for machine production of product plates with sound and heat insulating characteristics, involves completely locking, stabilized insulation around compressed raw product from biologically regenerating raw materials |
| AT510797A1 (en) | 2010-12-10 | 2012-06-15 | Thomas Dimov | WOODEN FRAME CONSTRUCTION CONSTRUCTION OF WOOD BEAM SUPPORTS, STRAWBALLS AND CLAY |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE9114254U1 (en) | 1991-11-15 | 1992-01-23 | Möller, Frank, Dipl.-Ing., 38530 Didderse | Lightweight natural material sandwich panel |
| DE9214307U1 (en) | 1992-10-23 | 1993-03-04 | LorenzHaus Hans-Peter Lorenz, 7597 Rheinau | Wall construction element and wall formed from it |
| US20120110942A1 (en) * | 2008-04-17 | 2012-05-10 | Young Fan Lim | Wall block for a strawbale house, and strawbale-house construction method using the same |
| KR100994783B1 (en) * | 2010-07-15 | 2010-11-16 | 홍진성 | Unit panel by eco material and eco house thereof |
| KR101209419B1 (en) * | 2010-09-08 | 2012-12-07 | 임영환 | Strawbale block production apparatus and starwbale block production method thereof |
-
2017
- 2017-02-01 DE DE202017000543.3U patent/DE202017000543U1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2018
- 2018-01-25 DE DE102018000634.5A patent/DE102018000634B4/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE812003C (en) | 1948-12-22 | 1951-08-27 | Knut Waldemar Johansson | Wall made from building panels |
| EP0969156A2 (en) | 1998-07-01 | 2000-01-05 | Jacob Schweitzer | Insulation element from straw and its manufacturing method |
| AT413998B (en) | 2000-08-31 | 2006-08-15 | Passauer Walter | STRAW insulating |
| DE10234895A1 (en) | 2001-07-31 | 2003-02-20 | Dieter Becker | Supporting wall structure of straw has layers of bales in brick like fashion reinforced by vertical rods and with narrow planks laid loose along edges between at least two layers and connected horizontally by connectors |
| DE202005007057U1 (en) | 2005-05-02 | 2005-06-30 | Krupinski, Matthias | Plank based wood stand e.g. for holding straw, has framework with central board reinforced and weatherproof skin with straw inserted into framework and fine foam layer placed on top of straw |
| DE102006004779A1 (en) | 2006-02-02 | 2007-08-09 | Technocad Service Gmbh & Co. Kg | Method for machine production of product plates with sound and heat insulating characteristics, involves completely locking, stabilized insulation around compressed raw product from biologically regenerating raw materials |
| AT510797A1 (en) | 2010-12-10 | 2012-06-15 | Thomas Dimov | WOODEN FRAME CONSTRUCTION CONSTRUCTION OF WOOD BEAM SUPPORTS, STRAWBALLS AND CLAY |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117536343A (en) * | 2023-10-30 | 2024-02-09 | 同济大学 | Pleurotus ostreatus-straw-based mycelium sandwich insulation board and its wall panels and roof panels |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE202017000543U1 (en) | 2017-04-25 |
| DE102018000634B4 (en) | 2020-04-16 |
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