DE102017003929A1 - Quench radiator for feedwater, H20 in snowmaking systems - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to quench cooler for feed water, H ₂ O in snowmaking systems, in which a heat exchange medium, a liquid, H ₂ O and the other is a gas, air, wherein a heat exchange with a cooling of the feed water to a wet bulb temperature (6) of the air provided is.
This makes it possible, with a high coefficient of performance of 13 for the conversion of energy into cold, to store the energy from surplus electricity in the reservoir over months.

Description

It is known to arrange cooling towers in front of the snowmaking systems between the water reservoirs and before the water supply for feeding snow guns, in which the water is cooled to allow the snowmaking and to increase the snowmaking performance at lower outside temperatures.

It is, however, necessary to install several cooling towers, in which outside air is passed through a fan from below through water-sprinkled exchange body and the cooling capacity and air distribution of the trickle cooler is also dependent on how many of these cooling towers are arranged side by side. In fact, in the case of an arrangement of 6 cooling towers, 3 in 2 rows in each case, the feed openings for outside air are adjusted and exchange bodies are flowed asymmetrically at 4 times the air speed.

However, because of the undefined air distribution, it is necessary to install electrical heating of the exchangeable bodies in order to prevent freezing and to thaw frozen cooling towers. (Descriptions under DEMAClenko, snowmaking equipment, cooling towers).

Other process limits consist in physical properties of the heat exchange means, the temperatures T, specific heat c _p , of which at the same temperature gradient (delta) T, without the saturation, in the trickle cooler a 4-fold amount of air is supplied to the amount of water. Accordingly, for 1 separation stage (transfer unit) at 100% heat exchange for cooling 0.25 liters of H ₂ O with 1 kg of air (about 1 m ³ ) an orderly packing is necessary. Disadvantage is the efficiency of the Rieselkühler, the cooling towers for low water temperatures as well as insufficient saturation of outside air.

It is also known in heat recovery from exhaust gases for heating water to provide a quench cooler with direct contact of the heat exchange medium, in which a medium is a liquid and the other is a gas or steam, and which fluidized bed similar in a quench cooler under heating of supplied cold Water are mixed. ( DE 20 2015 005 637 ).

For cooling water, H ₂ O, a cooling tower with anti-icing means is known, in which water is collected after the heat exchanger elements and mixed before the next task, taking into account the temperature differences due to uncontrolled heat exchange in the heat exchange means water and air. ( US 5,368,785 )

For cooling water, H ₂ O with ambient air below the freezing point, a cooling tower is known with a second liquid distribution level from which fresh water is fed to deeper Rieseleinbauelemente, and taking into account an uncontrolled heat exchange by uneven distribution of the heat transfer medium, water and air, the icing is prevented. ( DE 19651848 C1 ).

For cooling water and to prevent noise, a cooling tower with mufflers is known in which the same is provided to prevent the icing of the muffler, and taking into account an uncontrolled heat exchange by uneven distribution of the heat exchange medium water and air, the icing is prevented. ( DE 3327932 C2 )

The specified in claim 1 invention for the production of cold feed water is based on the problem, taking into account the process parameters of the heat exchange medium and the mixing ratio liquid / gas (liquid / gas), the sources of error of cooling towers according to the prior art by uncontrolled heat exchange of the heat transfer medium water and To reduce outside air and to simplify the operation of the plant by defined and reproducible mixing of the heat exchange medium outside air and water. Furthermore, excess electrical energy from the network should be stored as cold.

The problem is solved by the quench cooler and the features listed in claim 1.

Advantageous developments and embodiments of the invention are possible by the, in the dependent claims 2 to 7 measures.

The advantages achieved by the invention are in particular that instead of trickle cooling and moistening with trickling water a quench cooler for feed water H ₂ O in Snowmaking equipment is provided, in which a heat exchange medium is a liquid, H ₂ O and the other cold air, in which a heat exchange with a cooling of the feed water is provided to a Feuchkugeltemperatur the air and in particular a suction line is provided with a fan.

A significant advantage consists in the design of the quench cooler through which the quench and the mixture formation of the heat transfer medium liquid / gas is given in a 1st stage and in the 2nd stage in the mixture of warmer liquid, H ₂ O with saturated, colder Air, a flash steam formation and heat dissipation by evaporation takes place. Advantage: the intensity of the flash steam generation.

Another advantage is the reliability in a mixture of the heat transfer medium, the example of the quiescent liquid, which has a level of 0.6 of the mixture in 600 kg H ₂ O a share of 0.4 kg of air at the level of 1. In a simple manner results in a mixture of the heat transfer agent of 1500 kg of liquid with 1 kg of cold air, which are supplied in the cooling tower in the sprinkling in a ratio of 0.25: 1 liquid / gas. The advantage is the larger mixing ratio by the factor 6000 liquid / gas (1500 / 0.25) as well as the formation of the wet bulb temperature, WBT in the mixture - English: WBT (Wet Bulb Temperature). Another advantage is the quench ratio: 1500 liters H ₂ O to 1 m ³ outside air (or about 1 kg).

An advantageous development of the invention is specified in claim 2. The development according to claim 2 makes it possible to give up the heat exchange medium outside air by means of a suction with a fan. Advantage is the supply of outside air in a simple manner in accordance with a prevailing wind direction.

An advantageous embodiment of the invention is described in claim 3. The embodiment according to claim 3 makes it possible to return cooled feed water in a return line to a storage tank. In a simple way, it is possible to cool the reservoir over a longer period of time with the colder outside air at night.

A further advantageous embodiment of the invention is described in claim 4. The embodiment according to claim 4 allows, in a quench cooler, a storage of excess current as cold. Advantages are: saving on energy costs and climate protection. Another advantage: agreements with the energy supplier to use the surplus electricity, often at night, for the storage of cold in a reservoir.

A further advantageous embodiment of the invention is described in claim 5. The embodiment according to claim 5 makes it possible to provide in a quench cooler a placeholder for an energy meter in the water supply line, in which a simple way an energy and flow meter can be used. The advantage is the display of a throughput and a measurement signal for use in the snowmaking system control.

A further advantageous embodiment of the invention is described in claim 6. The embodiment according to claim 6 makes it possible to provide in a quench cooler, several separation stages (TU) for cooling feed water and to achieve lower temperatures.

A further advantageous embodiment of the invention is described in claim 7. The embodiment according to claim 7 makes it possible, in a quench cooler by cooling to 0 ° C, that a task of ice water is provided in snowmaking systems. Advantage: an increase in snowmaking performance and energy savings.

An embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the drawing and will be described in more detail below.

• 1 H₂O Kühlung im Adiabaten Diagramm
• 2 Quench Kühler

Show it:

• 1 H ₂ O cooling in the adiabatic diagram
• 2 Quench cooler

In 1 FIG. 10 is an adiabatic diagram for describing water cooling with outside air as a heat transfer medium in the feed water cooling work area and as part of a Mollier diagram based on known saturation data of air with H ₂ O taken from an abscissa 1 with the degree of saturation x of the air in g H ₂ O / kg air, from an ordinate 2 with temperatures ° C and with heat content of air in kJ / kg Air, from temperature lines 3 , from Adiabaten 4 of the oblique diagram 5 , from a saturation line 6 , represented for a total pressure of 10,000 mmWS with a degree of saturation 1 for 100% at sea level and one line 7 with saturation 0,5, and from vertical 8th is constructed for the degree of saturation x of the air with H ₂ O in such a way that the quench on the wet bulb temperature WBT in the punt 11 with the temperature of near 1.5 ° C on the straight 12 from the temperature in the point 9 is shown graphically. Advantage is an increase in the temperature difference from 5 ° C to 8.5 ° C for cooling the feed water H ₂ O at the saturation of the outside air at 10 ° C by flash vapor formation within the mixture of heat transfer liquid / gas.

A significant advantage of the invention is, according to Isaac Newton (1706), in heat dissipation: Q _W = a * F * (delta) T; by increasing the driving force (delta) T from 5 ° C to 8.5 ° C that the heat dissipation is increased by 70% (3.5 / 5 * 100) and the value (delta) T in the example 1 is described graphically. Next disadvantages of the electric heating of trickle coolers are avoided.

In 2 is a Quench cooler for feed water, H ₂ O in snowmaking systems, in which a heat exchange medium is a liquid and the other is a gas, shown as a sectional side view, which consists of a housing 13 , a liquid 14 as heat transfer medium (liquid, H ₂ O), a supply line 15 for outside air with outlet openings 16 for a distribution of the air in the liquid to the quench and saturation of the outside air, from an air supply via a pipeline 17 from a manifold 18 , an opening 20 for the discharge of heated air, from a freeboard 21 above a liquid level 22 , and from an outlet nozzle 23 for feed water for limiting the mixing of the heat transfer medium is constructed in such a way that a quench of the outside air in a mixture of liquid and gases with an adiabatic cooling of the outside air along an adiabatic 10 , to 1 on the saturation line 6 is provided and then in the mixture a separation stage, is provided with a theoretical bottom for the cooling of the feed water to the heated outside air, with a separation of the liquid in the freeboard 21 , Advantage is the simplicity: The supply of outside air of 1 kg in a mixture of 1500 kg heat transfer liquid / gas.

Next is in 2 a sectional view shown as a top view using the same reference numerals, in which a fan 19 with drive motor, a placeholder 24 for an energy meter in a water supply line and an extension 25 are provided to a second separation stage or multiple stages to increase the power. This makes it possible to cool the water in the storage tank in several stages and to store electrical energy and give up at temperatures below freezing a larger amount of water proportional to the number of separation stages in the snowmaking system.

Further advantages of the invention are shown in the calculation example.

Air as a heat transfer medium: Quantity per separation level 4,000 kg / h Input - DBT (dry bulb temperature) 5 ° C Humidity - phi 50% Heat content: 0.24 * 5 + 0.0028 (597 + 0.46 * 5) 2,878 kcal / kg Output - WBT (wet bulb temperature) 10 ° C Humidity - phi, at 0.008 g / kg _air 100% Heat content: 7.212 kcal / kg Cooling capacity of the separation stage 4,334 kcal / kg Power per hour at 4000 kg air 17,339 kcal / h 20.1 kW cold Evaporation at 10 ° C cooling loss (delta) x: 0.008 g - 0.0028 g / kg air 5.2 g / kg air At 4,000 kg * 5.2 g / 1000 20.8 kg H2O Loss of cooling capacity (20.8 * 1 * 10) 208 kcal (0.24 kW) Outside air intake (60 m ³ / min) 3,600 m3 / h Electrical energy at one (delta) p of 120 mmWS Energy requirement: 60 * 120/60 * 102 * 0.8 1.47 kW _el . COP (20.1 - 0.24 / 1.47) 13.51

Main advantage: The conversion of energy _el . and storage as cooling energy with a coefficient of performance 13.5 (COP - coefficient of performance). Water as a heat transfer medium: H ₂ O Temperature 15 ° C Temperature off (outlet nozzle 23) 10 ° C Amount of water 17.339 kcal / 5 * 1000 3,467 m ³ / h Display of consumption data Energy meter, in placeholder 24 19.86 kWh Electricity meter on fan (19) for outside air 1.47 kWh

• • komplementäres Messverfahren der Energieumwandlung,
• • Umwandlung von Überschuss-Energie in Kälte,
• • Einsparungen durch günstigen Strompreis.

Advantages:

• • complementary measuring method of energy conversion,
• • conversion of excess energy into cold,
• • Savings through low electricity prices.

A third separation step Heat transfer medium, liquid, H ₂ O 3.46 m3 / h Heat transfer medium, gas, outdoor air: 5 ° C 4,000 kg / h Water temperature - off 5 ° C Output - WBT (wet bulb temperature) 5 ° C Saturation degree × 6 g H ₂ O / kg air Heat content (i) 4.51 kcal / kg Heat content (i) in outside air 2,878 kcal / kg Cooling capacity of the separation stage (delta) (i) 1,632 kcal / kg Power per hour (4000 kg) 6.528 kcal / h Cooling (delta) T 6.528 / 3460 1.88 ° C Water temperature - one (5 + 1.88) ° C 6.88 ° C Cooling of 3.46 m ³ / h: TU 1 of 15 ° C to 10 ° C 5 ° C TU 2 of 10 ° C to 6.88 ° C 3,12 ° C TU 3 from 6.88 ° C to 5 ° C 1.88 ° C Snowmaking in outdoor air of - 8 ° C water from (5 to 1) ° C air from (-8 to 1) ° C Heat content (i) from (-0.76 to 2.75) kcal / kg air Cooling capacity of the separation stage 3.51 kcal / kg air Power per hour (4000 kg) 14,040 kcal / h 16.32 kW Amount of water 14,040 / 4 * 1000 3,510 m ³ / h Snowmaking at 3 stages> 10.5 m ³ / h

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1 -

abscissa

2 -

ordinate

3 -

temperature lines

4 -

adiabatic

5 -

Diagram, oblique

6 -

Saturation line phi = 1 and wet bulb temperatures

7 -

Saturation line 0.5

8th -

vertical

9 -

operating point

10 -

Adiabatic 10

11 -

Point

12 -

temperature straight

13 -

casing

14 -

Liquid, heat transfer medium liquid

15 -

task management

16 -

outlet

17 -

Pipeline for air

18 -

manifold

19 -

fan

20 -

opening

21 -

Freeboard, free space

22 -

liquid level

23 -

outlet connection

24 -

placeholder

25 -

Separator, separator level limit

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 202015005637 [0005]
• US 5368785 [0006]
• DE 19651848 C1 [0007]
• DE 3327932 C2 [0008]

Claims (7)

Quench Chiller for feed water, H ₂ O in snowmaking systems, in which a heat exchange medium is a liquid, H ₂ O and the other a gas, air, wherein a heat exchange with a cooling of the feed water (14) to a wet bulb temperature (6) of the air provided is. Quench cooler according to the preceding claim, characterized in that a suction line (18, 17, 15) with a fan (19) is provided. Quench cooler according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that for cooled feed water (14) is provided a return line to a reservoir. Quench cooler according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a storage of excess current is provided as a cold. Quench cooler according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a placeholder (24) is provided for an energy meter in the water supply line. Quench cooler according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a plurality of separation stages (TU) (25) for cooling the liquid, H ₂ O (14) are provided. Quench cooler according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that ice water is provided for the task in snowmaking systems.

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