DE102017002170A1 - Spacers and fasteners for parts to be fastened to buildings through a facade - Google Patents

Abstract

According to the invention are subsequently mounted on buildings with thermal insulation to be attached functional parts with spacers. For the spacers, drill holes are made in the insulation and in the building wall.

Description

The invention relates to spacers and fasteners for through a facade through to be fastened to buildings parts. All buildings have a facade. The façade often includes thermal insulation and before that a plaster layer or other non-load-bearing layer. Subsequently, the task often arises of attaching essential parts to the building. These include in particular canopies, awnings, advertising systems, escape routes, scaffolding, lamps and surveillance cameras and the like. Some of the parts have a considerable weight. All parts must withstand considerable wind loads. To attach the facade profiles and facade panels threaded rods are anchored as spacers in the building, the length of which is such that they protrude in front of the building through the thermal insulation and also protrude to a degree relative to the thermal insulation, for the attachment of the front of the facade fixing parts is required. The threaded rods are mostly M12 rods. That means they are bars with 12 mm outer diameter and a metric thread on the circumference. Such threaded rods have a certain load limit. Larger loads are distributed to a corresponding plurality of threaded rods. The threaded rods are usually glued into corresponding holes in the building. To do so, drilled holes in the building wall by existing thermal insulation, then introduced adhesive and pressed the threaded rods in the adhesive. In rarer cases, the building walls are pierced to hold the threaded rods on the inside of the building with rondels.

The invention has recognized that the threaded rods form thermal bridges and that their selection and installation is often inadequate. The defects include inaccurate positions of the threaded rods, misalignment of the threaded rods and too much or too little protruding of the threaded rods compared to an existing thermal insulation. When choosing threaded rods with too low strength, the threaded rods bend under the load of the parts to be fastened.

The object of the invention has been found to facilitate a defect-free attachment of the parts.

According to the invention, this is achieved with the features of the main claim. Preferred embodiments are described in the subclaims.

Much can be improved on the conventional fasteners if not only one hole is drilled in the insulation, as is required for mounting the threaded rod in the building, but a hole is drilled that is at least three times the diameter of the threaded rod, preferably at least four times the diameter, and more preferably at least five times the diameter of the threaded rod. Preferably, the bore is first made through the thermal insulation into the building, which is conventionally required for the dowel and the adhesive. This hole is drilled in the heat insulation on the measure according to the invention. In this case, the drill can serve as a guide, which is provided for the smaller hole in the building.

The drill for the insertion of the threaded rod bore is regularly a stone drill. These are drills with a carbide tip. There are such stone drills in the market, which can be severed when drilling in concrete and its concrete steel reinforcement. However, the drilling progress is significantly reduced when the masonry drill hits the reinforcing steel reinforcement. By contrast, the tool for the production of the larger bore in the insulation, for example, a slightly executed pot drill or a milling cutter. Alternatively, there is also a combined tool consisting of the stone drill and the pot drill. Then the pot drill can be mounted on the stone drill bit. After drilling, at least one cleaning of the borehole is provided in the building wall to produce a clean adhesive surface. The larger hole in the thermal insulation is used according to the invention to screw after bonding the threaded rod in the building a reinforcement on the threaded rod and to clamp against the building wall. The takes place advantageously in the area in which the threaded rod is exposed to the largest bending load. The ability of the threaded rod is used to absorb much more tensile load than Beigelast. The reinforcement and bracing according to the invention makes use of part of the tensile strength of the threaded rod for reducing the bending load.

The reinforcement, may be an annular thickening with a corresponding bearing surface on the building wall. Preferably, the diameter of the reinforcement is equal to the inner diameter of the bore in the thermal insulation minus a clearance necessary to thread the thickening through the bore onto the threaded rod.

The reinforcement may be a cylindrical sleeve with a collar towards the building wall and an internal thread in the sleeve. The collar serves as a support; the internal thread for screwing. The reinforcement may be in one piece or composed of several parts. The advantage here is a closing edition of the reinforcement on the building wall. In full-surface edition according to the invention, a processing of the building wall at the borehole low. This can be done with a face milling cutter, which has a hole in its center, so that the cutter can be pushed over the already glued threaded rod. The threaded rod then gives the router the grip and guidance for accurate milling work.

Optionally, the annular or cylindrical reinforcement is provided with a collar which has a narrow edge on the building wall side. Then, the edge forms the interface with the building wall and reduces the milling work to prepare for the attachment of the reinforcement to a fraction of the required for a full-surface contact of the collar on the building wall milling work, namely on the corresponding to the edge of the collar of the reinforcement Building wall surface, an annular narrow strip. In particular, adhesive that swells out of this when penetrating the anchor in the borehole, can remain so within limits. Limiting means that too much adhesive must be removed, however, the removal of the excessive amount of adhesive does not require special care on the surface enclosed by the annular contact surface described above.

Alternatively, to leveling the contact surface for the reinforcement of the threaded rod on the building wall and a gluing of the reinforcement can be done with the building wall. The gluing of the reinforcement can be done after bonding the threaded rod in the borehole. The gluing can also be done simultaneously with the gluing of the threaded rod.

For subsequent bonding, the adhesive is placed between the reinforcement and the building wall. There forms at the interface a layer of material to which the reinforcement can rest properly without a processing of the surface would have to take place with a cutter. In addition, the bonding creates a connection between the reinforcement and the building wall. This adhesive joint relieves the threaded rod or takes part of the effective load forces in the case of load.

Depending on the adhesive used, the adhesive between the building wall and the reinforcement unfolds particularly high adhesive forces when the reinforcement is stretched against the building wall. Such adhesives are sensitive to pressure. In order to make optimal use of such adhesives, it may be advantageous to prevent the distortion that strong torques act on the gain. This can be achieved by avoiding a rotation of the reinforcement during the clamping process. For example, this is a gain that is not screwed, but only plugged and has a correspondingly large hole instead of a threaded hole that surrounds the threaded rod or the anchor at least a small distance. Then, the clamping force can be transmitted to the reinforcement with a nut without the risk of entrainment of the reinforcement. In this case, the use of a washer with low reinforcing side friction and / or low screw nut side friction may be advantageous. The washer can optionally be provided with edges at the same time, which protrude from the edge of the nut and at the same time with respect to the head of the reinforcement and can be folded after the tension with one part around the head of the reinforcement and with the other part around the nut. This creates an additional backup of the reinforcement and the nut against loosening.

In the other variant of the joint bonding of threaded rod and reinforcement in a single gluing process as much adhesive is optionally filled in the well that when mounting the threaded rod with the pre-mounted reinforcement so much glue swells out of the well that at a desired gap of For example, until 3 mm the entire gap is filled with adhesive. With little routine, the necessary filling of the well can be achieved by hand with a sense of proportion without any other means. The filling of the gap is then recognizable by the fact that the adhesive swells when positioning the threaded rod with the preassembled reinforcement at all edges of the reinforcement out. The size of the resulting gap between the building wall and the reinforcement is insignificant. Advantageously, deviations of the building wall from the vertical can also be compensated in such layer formation. The adhesive layer then forms a leveling layer for unevenness of the building wall and deviations of the building wall from the vertical. This facilitates an exactly horizontal mounting of the threaded rods.

The adhesive is preferably the same as that used for gluing the threaded rod. A suitable adhesive is, for example, a gel-type, solvent-free two-component adhesive Base of epoxy resin with a cycloaliphatic polyamine hardener. Such an adhesive is commercially available, for example, under the name Akepox 5010. The advantage is a minimal shrinkage during curing of the adhesive.

For every bonding of the reinforcement to the building wall, rough, dust-free adhesive surfaces are an advantage. In addition, even individual recesses in the contact surface of the reinforcement and / or in the building wall can be advantageous. Then the glue penetrates into the depressions. Thickenings in the adhesive layer between the reinforcement and the building wall form, which increase the resistance of the bond against loosening when torques act.

On good (flat and vertical) building walls, both preparation of the contact surface with a milling cutter and the application of an intermediate layer can be dispensed with if mounting of the reinforcement is provided without adhesion to the building wall. Then the building wall itself provides a level, vertical contact surface for a support of the reinforcement on the building wall. As described above, the reinforcement is braced against the building wall. Either the reinforcement is provided with an appropriate for the threaded rod internal thread. The reinforcement can then be rotated on the threaded rod until the desired tension is achieved. With a lock nut, the reinforcement can be secured in the respective Anspreßstellung on the building wall. Or the central hole in the reinforcement is formed as a through hole and the clamping is done with a nut on the threaded rod. In addition, a backup of the pressing position can be done by means of a lock nut.

For the bracing are one-piece or multi-part spanner, which engage with a tubular part on the threaded rod and are adapted to the front end of the tubular part of the nut or lock nut or optionally engage in suitable recesses of the reinforcement. To the Spannschlüssel also includes a lever arm, with which the torque is applied for the tension. It is favorable if the lever arm is at the same time designed as a ratchet and can therefore be moved back and forth during clamping. It is also advantageous if the lever arm is also provided with an indication of the torque. This can ensure that the bond of the threaded rod is not overloaded when bracing the reinforcement. It is also advantageous if the threaded rod has a profiling such as a reinforcing steel rod at the area reaching into the borehole. Then the threaded rod can regularly record much more torque than a threaded, engaging in the borehole part of the threaded rod. The threaded rod can then also be referred to as an anchor.

Furthermore, in the case of adhesive-free contact the building wall for non-rotatable arrangement of the gain favorable when the gain at the interface with the building wall has a profiling that gives the touch surface high friction with the building wall, better still causes a claw in the building wall. Then less clamping forces to secure the reinforcement on the building wall are required.

The reinforcement causes a stiffening of the threaded rod. The further the reinforcement protrudes in the thermal insulation, the greater the stiffening of the threaded rod.

Preferably, it is at least provided that the stiffening in the longitudinal direction of the threaded rod has a dimension which is at least equal to 1/3 of the thickness of the thermal insulation, even more preferably has a dimension which is at least equal to 0.5 times the thickness of the thermal insulation, and most preferably a Measure that is at least equal to 2/3 of the thickness of the insulation.

The reinforcement can consist of concrete. The reinforcement can be made of steel. Preferably, the reinforcement consists of a high strength plastic with low heat transfer coefficient compared to other materials. High-strength plastics are referred to DD242194 . DD142166 . DD140120 . DE 10 2014 102 826 . DE 10 2015 007 004 . DE 10 2014 115 506 . DE4214636 . DE1504463 . EP567845 ,

The low heat transfer coefficient is advantageous for the insulation.

The reinforcement can taper with increasing measure in the direction of the threaded rod, because the bending load for the reinforcement becomes smaller with increasing distance from the building wall. This results in a cavity in the borehole of the thermal insulation. According to the invention, this cavity is after the mounting of the spacer filled with the same or similar material from which the thermal insulation consists.

Optionally, the reinforcement has a cylindrical body instead of the tapered body. On the attachment of the reinforcement with cylindrical body has no significant influence. The advantage of the cylindrical shape of the reinforcement lies in the filling of the borehole in the thermal insulation. Optionally, the remaining cavity, which results in thicker thermal insulation with the same cylindrical shape of the reinforcement is filled by other cylindrical body with the same threaded hole or through hole as the reinforcement. These further cylindrical bodies may have the same or a different thickness as the reinforcement provided on the building wall side. With the different thicknesses, the borehole can be filled to the edge of the thermal insulation. However, it is also possible to let the cylindrical body with respect to the thermal insulation to protrude or leave behind. The respective position results from the connection of the spacer with the parts to be mounted in front of the facade. The additional cylindrical parts preferably consist, like the building-wall-side reinforcement, of a non-foamed, high-strength plastic. Depending on the burden of the connection of the spacer with the parts intended for attachment in front of the facade also less solid plastic, including foamed plastic for the production of other cylindrical body can come into question. The additional cylindrical parts are then optionally glued to the cylindrical reinforcement and / or screwed to give the construction even more strength. In conventional training of the spacer with a continuous threaded rod protrudes the threaded rod for the connection with the parts to be fastened in front of the facade relative to the thermal insulation.

Although there are still systems with a threaded rod that extends through the entire thermal insulation and protrudes up to the thermal insulation to form a connection for the parts to be mounted in front of the facade. However, this creates a heat transfer from the building via the threaded rod to the facade. Usually, the heat transfer problem is solved by thermal decoupling.

For thermal decoupling reference is made to DE 20 2011 050 195 . DE 10 2011 051 510 . DE 10 2010 061 139 . DE19653672 . EP2853654 . EP2540924 , There each intermediate piece is provided with low heat conduction between parts of high heat conduction.

In application of this technique, it is known to divide the threaded rod and insert a heat-insulating intermediate piece of non-foamed, high-strength plastic at the division point.

When filling a borehole in the insulation with the cylindrical reinforcement and one or more other cylindrical bodies, according to the invention at least one of the cylindrical body is provided instead of through holes on both end faces centrally with a blind hole formed as a threaded hole. With this cylindrical body, a thermal decoupling is possible. To do this, the threaded rod is split. One part is intended for bonding in the wellbore and protrudes from the wellbore to be bolted to a cylindrical body. Thereby a screwing takes place in a blind hole. In the other blind hole, the other part of the threaded rod is screwed, which then protrudes in front of the facade for connecting the parts to be fastened in front of the facade.

The part provided with the blind holes may also be formed by bonding two cylindrical threaded parts provided with through-threaded holes with an intermediate part without through-hole.

Although the tapered reinforcement is material-saving and meets all requirements, if the heat insulation to be penetrated have the same thickness or only a few different thicknesses of relevant thermal insulation are taken into account and / or the differences in thickness of the relevant thermal insulation are low. This does not fully take into account the increasing demands on thermal insulation. When the first facades were insulated, thicknesses of 60 mm and 80 mm were considered sufficient. The demands on the thicknesses have changed constantly over the years. In the meantime, thicknesses of 200 mm and more are discussed. Finally, having agreed on the necessary thickness of thermal insulation, the system with the tapered reinforcement may be sufficient for the future. In the past, however, many structures with lower and very different thermal insulation have been created. According to the invention, a system is to be created which is suitable for very different insulation thicknesses. According to the invention, this is achieved with the variable-length reinforcement. Advantageously, a variable-length gain can be, for example, the have the same length as the conventional projecting from the building wall threaded rod. Or the reinforcement may have a dimension equal to the thickness of the thermal insulation. Or the reinforcement may have a dimension that is less than the thickness of the thermal insulation. The extensibility of the reinforcements opens up various advantages for the assembly.

The variable-length reinforcement preferably consists of reinforcing parts which can be pushed into one another and pushed apart or screwed into and out of one another. Such reinforcing parts have over the length at least partially the same dimensions. In order to secure the thermal insulation at the same time, the length-adjustable reinforcement parts consist at least partially of plastic with low heat transfer. The necessary strength of the construction is achieved by the use of high-strength unfoamed plastics.

Sliding can be various profiles. Favorable are hollow sections, in particular tubes, which can surround a threaded rod. Clamps and pins or the like can prevent inadvertent adjustment of the profiles

Screw parts regularly have a circular cross-section. Preferably, pipes with pins or pipes with pipes are combined. Even more preferably, the pins are provided building wall side or connected to the building wall and the pipe sits with a screw on the pin. At least the tube is made of heat-insulating plastic. When using two threaded with one another sitting pipes sitting in the connection with male thread inside in the other, internally threaded tube. Each of the two pipes can sit on the building side. At least the pipe forming the connection to the building exterior wall consists of heat-insulating, high-strength plastic. Optionally, the tubes can be made of several layers of different materials to increase the load capacity.

The pins are preferably provided with a collar and a central opening. With the central opening, the pins are plugged or screwed onto a threaded rod / anchor, which projects in comparison to the conventional threaded rods only a fraction of the building wall.

It is advantageous if the pin is provided for screwing with a molded-nut. Molded means that during the shaping of the pin in a mold cavity, the nut is placed in the required position and the nut is enclosed by the plastic (leaving the screw holes open). Incidentally, the pin is provided with the external thread required for screwing to the further reinforcement part. The pin can be clamped alone in the form generally described above for reinforcements with the threaded rod glued into the wellbore, are glued alone or glued and braced. The threaded rod does not have to protrude much farther from the borehole than is required for bolting to the journal. It can, however, continue to protrude.

The pin is preferably made with a collar, if the necessary diameter for a pipe corresponding to the pin in the outer diameter can be significantly smaller than the necessary contact surface and footprint of the pin on the building wall. If the diameter of the tube within the wellbore in the thermal insulation can be significantly larger, also results in a much larger spigot diameter. Then the pin can be used without a collar application. But then the pin diameter still remains to a certain extent smaller than the inner diameter of the borehole in the thermal insulation. The certain amount is at least equal to twice the wall thickness of a pipe with internal thread for screwing with the pin, which then has a small collar or no collar. In the latter case, the pin has a cylindrical body with external thread.

The corresponding pipe with the pin is preferably provided at one end with an internal thread for screwing with the pin and closed at the other end and provided with a connection for the building to be fastened parts. At this end, the pipe has such a large thickness that it can withstand the stresses of attaching the part to be fastened in front of the facade. In the closed pipe end sits a threaded rod, so that a connection of the front of the facade to be fastened parts as in conventional spacers is possible. The threaded rod is held in the closed tubes on both sides of the closed end with nuts.

The screwing of the tube with the pin allows any change in length in the given by the thread length limits. Preferably located at the closed end of the tube at least one ventilation opening. If it can be seen that the limit is exceeded and no adaptation to extremely thick thermal insulation is possible, for example, another pin can be used, which has a greater length, so that the spacer according to the invention will fit for larger thermal insulation thicknesses.

When using a further tube instead of the pin, a tube (inner tube) is provided, which has an external thread and by means of the external thread with the pipe previously described in connection with the pin length changeable screwed. The intended instead of the pin pipe (inner tube) is closed at the building wall end and is like the pin clamped or glued or clamped and glued to the anchor. For accessibility of the screw provided for the bracing the building wall facing away from the end of the pipe provided for the pin is open.

In a further embodiment, the inner tube and the surrounding outer tube are arranged reversed. Then the outer tube with the internal thread in the spacer Gebäudewandseitig arranged and the inner tube with the external thread as the tube is arranged in combination of pin and tube.

The spacer may also consist of two pins and a sleeve. Then, the building-wall-side pin can correspond to the above-explained in the combination of pin and tube pin and also can be handled. That is, this pin can be glued or screwed or glued and screwed to the building wall. On this building wall side pin the sleeve is screwed. The sleeve corresponds to the tube in the combination of pin and tube described above. Unlike the tube, the sleeve is internally threaded throughout and open at both ends. When the sleeve is screwed onto the building wall side pin, so is the opposite end of the sleeve open. In the open end of the sleeve of the second pin is screwed. The second pin has, unlike the first and building-side spigot no central through-threaded hole. At the second pin a blind hole is provided with an internal thread. In the blind hole sits a piece of threaded rod and protrudes so far that the second pin provides a same connection for front of the facade to be fastened parts as conventional spacers. The blind hole is not mandatory. The same can be achieved with a through threaded hole in the second pin, with a longer threaded rod piece and a nut. Then the threaded rod piece can be locked with the nut in the second pin.

Preferably, the two pins are the same except for the pin length, so that, for example, the shortest first pin can also be used as a second pin and vice versa. Incidentally, cones of greater length may be provided in adaptation to large thermal insulation thicknesses. The pins can initially be turned out of solid. With a larger spigot requirement, welding on of extension pieces pays off on the spigot. For very large demand figures, the production in an injection mold also counts for the different cones.

As an alternative to the pins with different lengths, it is possible to always use the same pin and to use longer sleeves when a need for adaptation to larger thermal insulation thicknesses. Optionally, the sleeves are made to do so as longer sleeves, the length being such that by division at least two shorter useful sleeves each are formed. It is also possible to produce shorter sleeves, which can be welded together to form longer sleeves.

For safety reasons, all bolted parts are additionally secured once again in the screw position. Preferably, the screw thread with which the pins, tubes and sleeves are adjustably connected, blocked after reaching the correct Schraubstellung by an adhesive on the thread. Preferably, this is a two-component adhesive application, which cures with sufficient delay. Alternatively or additionally, existing cavities can be filled in the spacers. This is, for example, mounting foam.

The load capacity of the spacers according to the invention is much greater than the load of conventional spacers. In comparative experiments, the load was measured in kilonewtons (kN) at the end of an M12 threaded rod at a distance of 140 mm or 160 mm or 180 mm or 200 mm from the building wall at the head of the threaded rod due to bending to a vertical Deflection of 1 mm is coming. As a result, the spacer according to the invention for the same deflection must be charged about 5 to 8 times higher than the strongest conventional spacer. In detail: distance 140 mm 160 mm 180 mm 200 mm conventional 0.37 kN 0.254 kN 0.179 kN 0.13 kN invention 2.291 kN 1,339 kN 1,151 kN 0.98 kN

If an awning is to be subsequently attached to a building wall with 200 mm thermal insulation and the awning should be able to withstand 5 kN taking into account possible wind loads, then 5 fastening points are sufficient with the fastening / spacers according to the invention, while 40 fastening points are to be expected in the conventional fastening got to. With so many fixing points, the question must be answered as to whether the building wall still has sufficient strength in the area of the awning.

• a) eine Bohrmaschine, mit der durch die Wärmedämmung hindurch eine Bohrung in die Gebäudewand eingebracht wird
• b) ein Kronenbohrer oder Topfbohrer oder Fräser, mit dem die Bohrung in der Wärmedämmung aufgebohrt wird, um die Grundlage für weitere Verfahrensschritte zu legen
• c) ein Stirnfräser, mit dem die Gebäudeoberfläche im Bereich der Bohrung angefräst wird, um eine definierte Aufstandsfläche/Berührungsfläche für einen Abstandshalter herzustellen
• d) Säubern der bearbeiteten Flächen
• e) eine Gewindestange/Anker, die in einem Bohrloch des Gebäudes verklebt wird und gegenüber der Gebäudewand vorragt, um mit dem Abstandshalter verbunden zu werden.
• f) ein Abstandshalter, der – aus zwei teleskopförmig ineinander geschobenen oder geschraubten rohrförmigen Teilen besteht erlangt hat, wobei der gebäudewandseitige Teil mit dem aus dem Bohrloch vorragenden Gewindestange/Anker verbunden wird und das dem Gebäude abgewandte Teil des Abstandshalters mit dem vor der Fassade zu befestigenden Teil verbindbar ist oder – aus einem Hohlkörper mit der für den Abstandshalter jeweils gewünschten Länge besteht und mit der aus dem Bohrloch herausragenden Gewindestange oder Anker verbunden wird und am anderen Ende mit einem zu befestigenden Teil verbindbar ist oder – aus zwei ineinander geschraubten Teilen besteht und durch Ineinanderschrauben verkürzt und durch Auseinanderschrauben verlängert werden kann, wobei dessen gebäudewandseitiger Teil mit der im Bohrloch verklebten Gewindestange verschraubt wird, und wobei dessen anderes Teil so weit auf das gebäudewandseitige Teil oder in das gebäudewandseitige Teil geschraubt wird, bis der Abstandhalter mit der Wärmedämmung bündig abschließt, und wobei das andere Abstandshalterteil mit dem vor der Fassade zu befestigenden Teil verschraubbar ist.

For mounting the spacers according to the invention, the following parts and working steps are used, for example:

• a) a drill, with the heat insulation through a hole in the building wall is introduced
• b) a crown drill or pot drill or milling cutter with which the bore is drilled in the thermal insulation in order to lay the foundation for further process steps
• c) an end mill, with which the building surface is milled in the region of the bore to produce a defined contact surface / contact surface for a spacer
• d) cleaning the machined surfaces
• e) a threaded rod / anchor, which is glued in a borehole of the building and protrudes from the building wall to be connected to the spacer.
• f) a spacer, which - consists of two telescopically nested or screwed tubular parts is obtained, wherein the building wall side part is connected to the protruding from the borehole threaded rod / anchor and facing away from the building part of the spacer with the front of the facade to be fastened Part is connectable or - consists of a hollow body with the spacer for each desired length and is connected to the projecting out of the hole threaded rod or anchor and at the other end with a part to be fastened is connected or - consists of two nested parts and through Shortened screws and can be extended by unscrewing, wherein the Gebäudewandseitige part is bolted to the bonded in the well threaded rod, and wherein the other part is screwed so far on the building wall side part or in the building-side part until de r spacer flush with the thermal insulation, and wherein the other spacer member is screwed to the part to be fastened in front of the facade.

The building wall may have various texture consisting of concrete, brick, perforated brick, hollow block, sandstone, aerated concrete and the like. The crown drill provided here has a sleeve, one end of which forms a cutting edge. Centered in the sleeve a bore adapted to the guide is provided, which protrudes sufficiently far from the sleeve to effect a guide in the insulation and in the borehole. The sleeve picks up the material cut out by it. Without the guide, the crown drill would correspond to a known core drill core drill bit, where a core is drilled out of a material.

The threaded rod has the function of an anchor. Instead of the threaded rod and other anchors can be used, for example, rods which are formed in the region of the bore like reinforcing steel and in the region of the screw with the spacer thread. When inserting the threaded rod / anchor, the use of a tool of advantage, with the threaded rod / anchor held and can be performed exactly in the middle of the hole. As a tool, for example, is a mandrel comprising the threaded rod / anchor at the threaded end, so that a short threaded rod / anchor can be pushed through the hole in the insulation in the hole in the building wall. In this case, a cone / funnel can be helpful, which is positioned on the mandrel, that it rests in the bore in the thermal insulation when the threaded rod / anchor has reached the predetermined position in the bore of the building wall. As a result, the cone / hopper prevents skewing of the threaded rod / anchor and the cone causes a position accuracy for the threaded rod / anchor in the longitudinal direction of the bore. After solidification of the adhesive, the mandrel can be removed again from the threaded rod / anchor.

It is advantageous if the milling of the seat for the spacer takes place on the building wall after gluing the threaded rod / anchor. Then a leaked from the hole in the building part and in the meantime solidified adhesive mass can be removed with. As a router, an end mill is used. This cutter has a hole in the middle, which is adapted to the diameter of the threaded rod / anchor. In addition, the outer diameter of the cutter is adapted to the diameter of the bore in the thermal insulation. As a result, the cutter is guided at work on the threaded rod / anchor and in the bore in the thermal insulation.

For screwing the building-side Abstandshalterteiles different solutions are available. A solution provides that in the building-side spacer member a corresponding thread or a nut or other insert is recessed with an internal thread, which is adapted to the thread of the threaded rod / anchor. In this case, the nut / insert of the plastic material of the building-side spacer member is enclosed so that the loads from the attachment of the parts are safely passed over the spacer and the threaded rod / anchor in the building. The preparation of a building-side spacer member is preferably carried out by injection molding in a mold in which the nut / insert is positioned before filling a liquid plastic melt.

As far as the occurring loads are passed without nut / insert of the spacer on the threaded rod / anchor, a reinforced plastic is preferably provided for the building-side spacer member. As a reinforcement, for example, high-strength fibers can be used, which are einmischbar in a liquid plastic melt. Even fibrous fine wires are suitable as a reinforcement. The mixture can also be molded by injection molding into the building-side spacer part. Such trained spacer member is rotated during assembly for connection to the threaded rod / anchor.

Another solution for the screw connection provides that the building-side spacer member can be plugged during assembly without rotation on the protruding from the building part of the threaded rod / anchor. For screwing with the threaded rod / anchor, a nut / insert can be loosely inserted into the building-side spacer part. The building-side spacer member has for this purpose a sufficiently large opening, for example in the form of a bore, and the building side a covenant. The nut / insert can be screwed onto the threaded rod / anchor, so that the building-side spacer member is clamped with the edge against the support surface on the building. For screwing the nut / insert a mandrel is optionally provided again. The mandrel may include the nut / insert. The insert can also be designed as the nut of a socket set. Nuts of a socket set are components that are suitable on one side for receiving a screw head or a nut and have on the opposite side a recess into which a socket wrench can engage.

Optionally, the nut / insert also form a special component; For example, a sleeve which has a thread at one end and at the other end is adapted to receive the mating end of a socket wrench. Such a socket wrench may for example be designed as Allen key or be a square key. Usually, a ratchet is part of a socket set. With a ratchet a socket wrench can be moved back and forth and still a screw or a nut can be moved only in a selected direction of rotation. This is made possible with a ratchet, which is installed in the head of the ratchet and engages only in the selected direction of rotation in a ring gear and connects the ratchet arm with the sprocket or slides in the other direction of rotation on the teeth of the sprocket.

Preferably, the bolting of the spacer in each of the embodiments discussed above is controlled with the threaded rod / anchor. This can be done by a torque wrench is used after a preliminary tension of the screw. The torque wrench can be placed on the socket wrench and transmits only a preselected torque on the socket wrench.

The belonging to the spacer further part is preferably also made of plastic, more preferably of the same plastic as the building side spacer member. The further spacer member has the corresponding thread to the thread of the building-side spacer member. If the building-side spacer member has an external thread for the screw connection with the further spacer member, the thread of the further spacer member is an internal thread. The situation can also be reversed. Then the external thread is at the other Spacer part and the internal thread on the building side spacer part. Optionally, the thread is a fine thread.

The screw remains in the application of a fine thread even in the desired screw position when a screwing of the other spacer member is done with a part to be fastened. In case of doubt, the selected screw position can be additionally secured. As a fuse is suitable for example a lock screw. The spacer can also be drilled through in the bolting area and a pin inserted into the hole. It can also be given a setting adhesive on the thread in the setting of the spacer, so that the curing adhesive blocks the screw. The adhesive is preferably a two-component adhesive and is chosen so that the time to curing of the adhesive is long enough to set all spacers to the desired level.

For screwing the other spacer member with the part to be fastened sits in the end of the further spacer member a threaded pin. The threaded stem may be molded, as discussed above in connection with a molded nut / insert. The threaded pin can also be screwed.

In order not to hinder the setting of the spacer, it may be expedient to ventilate the cavity in the spacer. These are, inter alia, ventilation holes, which are introduced in the axial direction in the head of the further spacer member.

Optionally, the vent is used after the adjustment of the spacer at the same time for filling a curing agent, with which the spacer is secured against an adjustment.

Optionally, a rosette / cover for covering the spacer head is provided between the spacer and the part to be fastened. It is advantageous if the rosette / cover at the same time engages over the facade, so that penetration of moisture between the thermal insulation and the spacer is prevented. This prevents damage to the facade during frost. The seal can still be increased with a sealing washer between the rosette / cover and the facade. Optionally, the rosette / lid is also glued to the facade.

Instead of the screwed spacer also another length-adjustable spacer is possible, which is designed in the manner of a hydraulic piston / hydraulic cylinder. A conventional hydraulic cylinder engages around the piston and is acted on at least one side with hydraulic fluid until the piston occupies a certain position. Thereafter, the hydraulic line is blocked and the piston remains in the desired position. According to the invention, a liquid adhesive or other material is filled instead of hydraulic fluid, which solidifies and locks the piston in the desired position, in which the piston or its piston rod protrudes to the desired extent from the cylinder. Advantageously, a simple plastic material can be used for the cylinders and the pistons, because the cylinder and the piston undergo substantial solidification due to the filled-in adhesive. The cylinder and the piston may consist of unilaterally closed with lids pipes of different diameters, so that the one tube can be pushed with its open end in the open end of the other tube. The covers of the tubes can be provided for mounting with the provided anchors or threaded rods / threaded pin with corresponding openings. With conventional viscous nature of the adhesive openings may well have such a large play of movement that the anchor or threaded rods / threaded pin easily slide through the lid. The lids may be welded or held in the tubes solely by mechanical forces. Preferably, in the lid, which is remote from the wall of the spacer, there is also an opening for introducing the adhesive.

Optionally, only a single tube is used as a spacer, that is cut to length in place of longer pieces of pipe and immediately has the desired length of the spacer. Then piston or other tubes are unnecessary. The one tube is closed with lids, as explained above in another embodiment.

For all gluing processes:
Before bonding, the adhesive surfaces are carefully cleaned, for example with a compressed air lance or with a suction lance, which is guided into the bore. Optionally, compressed air lance or suction lance is provided with a brush, are replaced with the parts that are not sufficiently connected to the building wall. The bonding can be done in a conventional manner by first pressing a suitable, solidifying adhesive and then the threaded rod into the borehole. The bonding can be under Use of a conventional adhesive cartridge, wherein it is recommended to first prepare a variety of holes, so that a glue cartridge can be used as far as possible.

Optionally, a separate small adhesive cartridge can be placed in each well, which is then destroyed by pressing the threaded rod and releases the adhesive that surrounds the threaded rod and solidifies.

It can also be glued a dowel in the hole into which the threaded rod is screwed. The bond causes despite spreading a lasting hold of the anchor. The invention has the advantage of a very low cost even with a small number of dowels to be placed with the cartridges.

After the new development, the adhesive gives the expansion dowel the necessary hold. The power development may be eliminated, which is required on conventional expansion dowels for generating a sufficient pressure against the wall of the hole for the dowel or for frictionally locking the dowel in the hole. The spreading process can end when the dowel touches the hole wall on all sides, but no significant pressure has yet been deployed against the hole wall. This can be easily recognized by the fact that a further resistance builds up against the further spreading. Advantageously, therefore, find a lighter screw application. The lighter screw may be made of a lower strength material or have a smaller diameter.

For the glue consumption is also advantageous if the expansion dowel is provided at least one end, better still at both ends with a resilient edge.

The edge may be fixed or be integral with the rest of the dowel or slidably mounted on the dowel. The displaceable arrangement allows an adaptation of the adhesive surface on the dowel to the hole wall. This is particularly advantageous for thin plasterboard walls.

The border may be, for example, a thin lip. The lip may have different cross-sectional shapes, for example the shape of a compliant bead or the shape of a thin one. yielding bridge. With the lips, the length of the cavity to be filled with adhesive is limited in the hole for the dowel.

For the glue consumption is also advantageous if the diameter of the hole for the dowel is chosen as low as possible. In this case, a movement play for inserting the anchor into its hole and a sufficient flow area for the adhesive are taken into account.

The adhesive cartridge can be arranged in the dowel or on the dowel jacket. One or more adhesive cartridges may be provided for a dowel. When using multiple adhesive cartridges the same adhesive cartridges can be used for different dowels by the differences of the dowels by changing the number of adhesive cartridges is taken into account.

The adhesive cartridge can surround the dowel outside hose-shaped. Then the adhesive cartridge is double-walled and arranged the adhesive between the inner shell and outer shell. Preferably, adhesive cartridges with a simple tubular or tubular jacket are used. Such glue cartridges can be arranged as individual cartridges in Dübelinneren. Such adhesive cartridges can be bundled for an arrangement in Dübelinneren also to several or embedded in the dowel jacket individually or in several.

The housing of the adhesive cartridges may consist of different materials. This includes, for example, plastic. Plastic films can be produced cheaply and processed favorably. Of particular advantage is the easy weldability of plastic films in the production of the adhesive cartridges and closing the glue cartridges after filling.

Plastic films may also contain components that protect the adhesive from solar radiation or other environmental influences. For particularly high requirements, plastic films can be combined with other materials. These include metal foils. The metal foils form particularly resistant layers against the ingress of water vapor or other media; as well against radiation exposure.

Even more preferably, the adhesive cartridges are provided with a predetermined breaking point. The breaking point includes a weakening of the adhesive cartridge shell, so that the adhesive breaks at a corresponding pressure load on the cartridge at a predetermined and releases the adhesive.

If the adhesive cartridges are arranged within the expansion dowel, it is advantageous if the expansion dowel is slotted in the usual manner over a certain length in the longitudinal direction to allow the spreading. The glue must flow through the slots. Therefore, a sufficient flow area for the adhesive is to be considered for the slots.

For gluing various adhesives are suitable.

Preferably, an at least partially curing adhesive and / or an adhesive mixture is used in which one adhesive component has a mortar base and another adhesive component has a plastic base. The mortar base should positively affect the adhesion to the building material of the building part, the plastic base adhesion to a plastic dowel.

Also common adhesives such as PU adhesive come into consideration. For PU adhesives, a distinction is made between 1-component adhesives (one-component adhesives) and 2-component adhesives (two-component adhesives). PU adhesives consist of isocyanate and polyol. The two components are filled together in a pressure vessel and together with a propellant, so that they emerge again at an opening of the container. For small quantities, the container is a can. For large quantities, the container is correspondingly large. To react, the two components still need water. The water can be humidity or other moisture. The 1-C PU adhesives cure on reaction with the water. When the water is removed from the ambient air, it will harden from the outside to the inside. Curing usually takes several hours on the way. In contrast to the 1-component PU adhesive, the components of a 2-component PU adhesive react when mixing the components. 2-component PU adhesives generally have greater strength than 1-component PU adhesives.

PU adhesives (two-component adhesives) cure by polyaddition reaction. Other adhesives with the same reaction are epoxy adhesives. These adhesives are called resin and hard. EP adhesives have advantages in the application to metals.

Other adhesives cure by polymerization. Such adhesives are often based on methyl methacrylate.

These adhesives are characterized by very short reaction times.

When using two-component adhesives, the inventive use of several cartridges in a dowel or on a dowel opens the possibility of combining differently filled cartridges. In the one cartridge can then be contained one reaction component and in the other cartridge at the other reaction component.

A preferred embodiment of the dowel has a sleeve-shaped body, which is preferably slotted at several times at one end. For example, three slots extending in the longitudinal direction of the sleeve are provided. The remaining segments between the slots have inwardly directed bulges / indentation, can be partially inserted into the adhesive cartridges. The adhesive cartridges may already be prepared at the factory and glued in the inwardly directed bulges of the dowel shroud to simplify the dowel handling. The inward curvature narrows the sleeve opening. If the dowel with the adhesive cartridges is placed in a corresponding hole in a building and a screw is rotated through the sleeve opening, there is a widening of the sleeve in the area of the adhesive cartridges. At the same time, the adhesive cartridges are pressed against the wall of the hole until they burst and the adhesive is released. The screw is optionally similar to a wood screw formed with a sufficiently long tip that easily penetrates between the bulges of the sleeve, so that the screw engages well between the bulges. The final diameter of the screw then determines the degree of deformation of the adhesive cartridges. The adhesive runs in the cavity between the dowel and hole wall and also through the slots in the remaining cavity between the screw and dowel inner wall. After curing of the adhesive, the dowel sits firmly in the building. The dowels and adhesive cartridges can also be used independently of the spacers in buildings application.

Optionally, the screw is coated with a release agent to which the adhesive does not adhere, so that the screw can be unscrewed at will and screwed in again and optionally replaced with another screw or a hook or eyes or the like. A suitable release agent is, for example, silicone or Teflon.

The anchors and threaded rods are optionally made of stainless steel. This prevents the anchors and threaded rods from corroding by moisture.

Incidentally, it is advantageous if the spacer is coated with a fire retardant.

Optionally, the spacers according to the invention and the work steps provided for them also apply to vertical installation variants such as doors, windows, facade elements, suspended ceilings, pipe systems, air conditioning systems and the like components, which are mounted suspended or upright.

In the drawing, an embodiment of the invention is shown.

1 shows a building wall 1 with a thermal insulation 2 , Before the insulation 2 If an unillustrated canopy to be mounted. For this purpose, a fixture for the canopy by the thermal insulation 2 made of rigid foam can be anchored in the building wall. For anchoring, use a hammer drill 4 and a drill 3 holes 5 at a predetermined location by the thermal insulation 3 through the building wall 1 drilled.

To 2 The next step will be a crown drill 10 used. This is done with the crown drill 1 in the thermal insulation 2 resulting hole to the building wall 1 drilled. It takes the crown drill 10 the cut-out parts of the insulation in itself. The crown drill 10 has a sleeve whose open front end is formed as a cutting edge. The sleeve 10 is held on a rod, which at one end in the chuck of the hammer drill 4 sits and engages in the borehole at the other end and forms a guide.

3 shows the crown drill 10 in a single view. Here is the sleeve 10 provided with markings which make it easier for the installer to maintain a drilling depth which is the same as the thickness of the thermal insulation, but does not go beyond that.

The hammer drill 4 is for drilling the hole in the insulation 2 adjustable to sole drilling without simultaneous hammering.

4 shows the next step, in which a cleaning of the borehole 5 he follows. This is done via a probe 16 with an air pump 15 , With the air pump 15 is over the probe 16 Air in the hole 5 blown.

5 becomes the borehole 5 filled with a two-component adhesive. The two-component adhesive is taken from a cartridge with a standard hand press into the hole 5 pressed.

To 6 is after filling the two-component adhesive in the hole 5 a threaded rod 25 used. To insert finds 7 a guide rod 27 Application. With the guide rod 27 can the threaded rod 25 be detected at the end. This happens before inserting the threaded rod into the borehole 5 , In this case, a screwing take place. This is in the guide rod 27 provided a corresponding threaded hole. Sufficient but can also be a hole without internal thread, in which the threaded rod 25 with their end finds sufficient support. The threaded rod 25 is guided during insertion at one end in the borehole. To guide a cone can be mounted on the guide rod. With the cone, the guide rod is centered in the borehole of the thermal insulation. After properly setting the cone on the guide rod, the cone prevents the threaded rod from being pushed too deep into the drill hole.

The guide will remain in place until the glue has solidified in the hole. Then the guide rod 27 from the threaded rod 25 unscrewed or removed.

In other embodiments, other threaded rods are provided with larger diameter for larger loads.

Depending on the amount of adhesive occurs when penetrating the threaded rod 25 in the glue partially with glue from the well, which contaminates the contact surface of the spacer on the building wall. In addition, the contact surface may be uneven. Therefore, a leveling of this contact surface is after 8th intended. This is done with the help of a face milling cutter 35 , The endmill 35 has an in 9 illustrated cylindrical shape, wherein the end face 34 is provided with appropriate cutting. Besides, the face cutter has 35 centric in the face a hole 37 with a diameter that allows the end mill 35 over the protruding end of the threaded rod from the borehole 25 to push. The endmill 35 owns a pin 38 which is in the chuck of the hammer drill 4 sitting. The hammer drill 4 will switch back to sole drilling for this work.

The endmill 35 persists 10 and 11 from a holder 36 and a replaceable cutting insert 39 , The insert shown is intended for a threaded rod M12. To be pushed over the threaded rod, the insert has a central hole with a diameter of 13 mm. For inserts for other threaded rods, hole diameters of 17 mm, 21 mm, 28 mm, 28 mm, 31 mm may be appropriate.

After processing the contact surface on the building wall is a building-side Abstandshalterteil 40 in the form of a pin with a building-side collar on the end of the threaded rod 25 screwed, which protrudes from the borehole. The screwing process continues until the spacer member 40 with the collar comes to milled surface of the building wall to the plant. A slight further rotational movement leads to a strain of the spacer part 40 on the building wall. For screwing is in the spacer part 40 a continuous cylindrical and extending in the longitudinal direction opening provided.

At the building end of the opening protrudes an edge / collar with an inner diameter that is larger than the outer diameter of the threaded rod 25 is, so that the spacer part 40 on the protruding end of the threaded rod from the hole 25 unscrew until an insert in the opening of the spacer part 40 on the protruding end of the threaded rod 25 encounters. That happens after 12 with a socket 41 , The socket wrench 41 is turned with a ratchet. This happens gradually, because the ratchet is moved back and forth. By turning the socket wrench 41 the insert is turned and onto the protruding end of the threaded rod 25 screwed until the spacer part 40 is clamped to the building wall.

The insert opening 42 for the socket wrench is in 13 shown. The opening width is greater than the diameter of the associated threaded rod, so that the socket wrench does not hinder the screwing of the spacer member on the threaded rod.

The spacer part 40 has an external thread. With the spacer part 40 corresponds to another spacer part 50 in the form of a tube closed to the outside of the thermal insulation, which is connected to the spacer part 40 forms an adjustable spacer. For this sits the spacer part 50 with an internal thread on the spacer part 50 , The thread is a fine thread. By changing the screw position creates an extension or shortening of the spacer. For screwing has the spacer part 50 also an opening / seat for the socket wrench 41 ,

In addition, the spacer part can 40 be combined with other longer or shorter spacer parts. The longer or shorter spacer members differ in the embodiment of the spacer member 50 through longer or shorter tubes.

The spacer is set in the embodiments so that its head flush with the heat insulation and the threaded rod or a threaded rod piece protrudes.

The 19 and 20 show two spacers according to the invention, in which the cavity for thermal insulation with soft plastic foam 62 respectively. 63 is filled.

As far as beyond a cap 60 with a central opening for the threaded stem 51 Applicable, the spacer is adjusted so that the seated on the head of the spacer cap 60 flush with the thermal insulation. In this case, an edge is provided with a seal on the cap, with which the thermal insulation is overlapped. The situation is in 21 shown; the cap in 22 ,

The spacer member has a threaded pin on the head 51 ,

23 shows in a further embodiment of the invention, a building wall 70 with a pre-installed thermal insulation 72 , For awning attachment before the thermal insulation 72 is a hole 71 through the thermal insulation 72 through the building wall 70 been introduced. In the hole 71 is a threaded rod 73 bonded. The threaded rod 73 extends far into the thermal insulation 72 but ends before the outside of the insulation 72 ,

The hole 71 is in the heat insulation to the measure 77 been drilled out. In the resulting larger bore is a tapered reinforcement 74 screwed from a high-strength plastic. The reinforcement has this 74 a longitudinally continuous threaded hole. The reinforcement 74 has a building-wall-side diameter of about 5 times the diameter of the threaded rod 73 is. The reinforcement 74 tapers towards the outside of the insulation. The reinforcement 74 is by turning on the threaded rod 73 been braced against the building wall surface. At the end of the threaded rod 73 sits a molding 75 made of high-strength plastic on the threaded rod 73 , The associated threaded hole in the molding 75 is formed as a blind hole, so that the molded part 75 with tension on the threaded rod end can be screwed. The molding 75 serves the thermal decoupling of the threaded rod. This is a head piece 76 have been separated from the threaded rod and screwed in a likewise formed as a blind hole threaded hole, the previously described blind hole in the molding 75 exactly opposite. The outside of the insulation shown plate 78 is a facade panel, which is used to introduce the hole 77 and the conical reinforcement has been removed and brought back to the original place after the final assembly of the spacer before the housing of the awning, not shown on the head 76 the threaded rod is attached.

24 shows two further embodiments of the invention one above the other on a building wall 80 and with a thermal insulation 81 , The upper embodiment has a continuous threaded rod 82 standing in a hole in the building wall 80 is glued in and out through the thermal insulation 81 extends and on the outside opposite the thermal insulation 81 projects. The hole for gluing the threaded rod 82 is as in the embodiment 23 through the thermal insulation 81 through the building wall 80 has been brought. Then the hole has been drilled out. Then there is a reinforcement 83 on the threaded rod 81 and against the building wall 81 screwed. This differs from the embodiment according to 23 by a cylindrical shape of the reinforcement 83 , Besides that, they are different than after 23 more cylindrical body on the threaded rod 82 screwed. Here is the outside cylindrical body 83 with the reinforcement 83 identical. The other cylindrical body 84 . 85 and 89 form intermediate pieces between the reinforcement 83 and the outside body 83 , All additional cylindrical body are braced against each other and against the reinforcement, glued together in another embodiment. This increases the reinforcement of the threaded rod. The outside protruding end of the threaded rod 82 used in the embodiment of the attachment of an outside lying on the building escalator. The spacers and the outside cylindrical body allow adaptation to the thickness of the existing thermal insulation. This is done by replacing other cylindrical bodies. In the exchange, the cylindrical body of the building-wall reinforcement can be included. When changing the total thickness of all cylindrical body and the length of the threaded rod can be changed by replacement. This means that you do not have to mount a too short or too long threaded rod and then replace it. Rather, a threaded rod is selected immediately with a length that still projects for the desired total thickness of all cylindrical body sufficient for the attachment of the functional part measure against the thermal insulation.

The lower embodiment of 24 differs from the embodiment by a three-piece threaded rod consisting of pieces 87 . 90 and 91 put together. Between the different pieces are provided for the thermal end coupling. There is another cylindrical reinforcement for this purpose 88 and a structurally identical cylindrical body 88 outside application. The reinforcement 88 owns like the part 75 to 23 two threaded blind holes. The same applies to the external body 88 in 24 , The building wall reinforcement 88 is with the out of the building wall 80 protruding end of the threaded rod 87 firmly screwed. In addition, the threaded rod 90 firmly in the associated threaded blind hole of the building wall amplifier 88 screwed. On the threaded rod 90 are the cylindrical spacers 86 screwed or glued in the same manner as the intermediate pieces of the embodiment shown above. The one to the amplifier 88 identical, externally arranged cylindrical body 88 Corresponds with the threaded rod accordingly 90 and the threaded rod 91 , Also the construction after 24 causes an increase in the reinforcement for the threaded rod. In addition, the construction allows 24 an adjustment of the total thickness to the thickness of the existing Thermal insulation. The same applies to the threaded rod. This can be the replacement of a part or two parts of 24 restrict three-part threaded rod provided.

To 25 is in a further embodiment of the invention on the same building wall 80 the same part 87 glued to a threaded rod. On the threaded rod / threaded rod piece 87 is however a pipe 95 attached, the building wall side a closed end 96 having. The end 96 is with a nut 99 against the building wall 80 curious; excited. The pipe 95 is open at the opposite end with an internal thread, so that a second tube 97 in the open end of the pipe 95 can be screwed. The second tube 97 has a correspondingly smaller outer diameter than the first tube 95 and for the screw externally an external thread. In that area 101 overlap pipes 95 and 97 ,

The pipe 97 is open on the building side. The other end 100 is closed. In the end 100 is a threaded rod piece 91 attached, the threaded rod piece 91 to 24 equivalent. The threaded rod piece 91 to 25 sits in a threaded hole of the closed end 100 and is secured with a nut. The pipe 97 can in the pipe 95 further screwed in or out of the pipe 95 partially screwed back again. This will change the length of the tube through both 95 and 97 formed spacer. The change in length serves to adapt to the thickness of the respective thermal insulation. So that the trapped air within the tubes does not make the change in length difficult, are in the closed end 100 two ventilation holes provided. In the selected length of each tube can be screwed into each other by the tension of the tube 95 be held on the building wall and by the connection with the functional part, not shown in the selected Schraubstellung. This results in a rotationally fixed arrangement of the functional parts already by a simultaneous connection with another spacer. Unless a sufficient rotationally fixed connection is mediated by the functional part or a backup of the screw is desired before attaching the functional parts, is a blocking of the thread or the pipe 97 intended. This can be achieved in a simple form with an adhesive or by pins or the like, which in the area 101 be driven through openings in both tubes. The construction after 25 allows the production of a spacer with less material but the same load capacity as in a training after 23 or 24 or with the same material use with higher load capacity than in a training after 23 and 24 ,

In a further embodiment, not shown, instead of the tube 95 a cylindrical body provided as a building wall-side amplifier, which is like the pipe 95 with a threaded rod piece 95 is kept in the building wall. This cylindrical body is externally threaded so that an internally threaded tube can be screwed onto the cylindrical body. The screw-on tube has the same features as the tube with respect to the closed end and a threaded rod piece seated in the closed end 97 in 25 ,

In another embodiment, a pin is provided instead of the above-described cylindrical externally threaded body. The pin also has a cylindrical body. However, this body is provided on the building wall side with a collar. In 26 is a series of three cones shown. The length of the pins 105.1 . 105.2 and 105.3 is different. The thickness of the collar 106.1 . 106.2 and 106.3 is different. The diameters are the collar and the cylindrical body is the same. Likewise, all pins have a through hole with an internal thread. At the end, which faces away from the collar, the pins are with a hexagon 108 Mistake. The hexagon is used to mount the pin. The pin on the hexagon 108 detected with a tube whose front opening is modeled on the hexagon. With the tube, the pin is rotated / screwed on the threaded rod until it rests against the building wall. Another slight turning then causes a tension of the pin on the building wall. During turning / screwing, the tube moves a short distance over the threaded rod.

The longer the pins are, the greater the support effect for the associated threaded rods. Preferably, the pins are provided for M12 threaded rods or corresponding anchors with the following lengths and collar thickness according to the thicknesses of occurring thermal insulation
Length in mm: 55, 70, 90, 110, 130, 150, 170, 190, 210
Collar thickness in mm: 8, 10, 10, 10, 15, 30, 30, 40, 40

Furthermore, up to a tenon length of 90 mm, the lateral surface of the pin approximately at right angles in the collar over. For larger pin lengths so large bending loads can result in the pin, that a rounding with a large radius as a transition and / or an oblique transition from the lateral surface of the pin in the collar is advantageous.

The pins do not only have to cooperate with pipes which have a closed end as the embodiment according to 25 having threaded rod piece seated therein. The pins can also interact with open, internally threaded tubes, which are screwed like closed tubes on the pins. Such tubes may have different lengths. For M12 threaded rods or corresponding anchors, the following tube lengths are preferably assigned to the journal lengths:
Spigot length in mm: 55, 70, 90, 110, 130, 150, 170, 190, 210
Tube length in mm: 75, 85, 105, 120, 120, 120, 120, 120, 120

Other lengths may result for other threaded rods.

In 27 are pipes 110.1 . 110.2 . 110.3 shown with tube lengths of 75, 85, 105 mm. All tubes are provided in the embodiment throughout with an internal thread. By different screwing or screwing back as in the embodiment according to 25 an adaptation of the spacer length to the thickness of the thermal insulation done.

To a similar solution as with the outside pipe after 25 to create, the pipes are after 28 closed on the outside with other pins. The other cones are made up of a cylindrical body 115 with external teeth and a collar 116 together. The length of the pin is the same for all spacers in the embodiment. In other embodiments, the length may vary. In the pin is located in the middle of a blind hole 119 with internal thread for a threaded rod piece. In addition, a recess in the pin collar side 118 The recess can be described as an annular groove whose inner wall regularly distributed on six surfaces to a hexagon 117 has been flattened. Unlike the building wall-side pin with the attached hexagon 108 is a same hexagon 117 in the face of the pin 28 sunk. The hexagon 117 can be with the same tool as the hexagon 108 grasp and screw / turn into the pipe end. Subsequently, as in the embodiment after 25 a threaded rod piece used, in the blind hole 119 for connection to the functional part to be fastened.

29 shows the interaction of the building wall-side pin 120 with the pipe 124 and the outside pin in two superimposed representations. In the upper illustration are the two pins 120 and 121 so far in the pipe 124 screwed that they lie together. This results in a distance of 245 mm for the spacer. In the lower illustration are the two pins 120 and 121 screwed apart so far that a spacer measure of 275 mm has arisen. In the lower illustration it is shown that the pin 121 while his position in the pipe 124 has held. For this purpose, in the exemplary embodiment, the screw connection between the pin 121 and the tube 124 blocked.

The 30 and 31 shows the use of different terminal plates 140 and 141 for functional parts that pose a particular burden. These connection plates 140 and 141 are supported by a plurality of spacers according to the invention in order to absorb the resulting load.

29 shows a pin 130 for a spacer according to the invention, with different terminal plates and intermediate plates 131 . 132 . 133 . 134 . 135 can be combined.

In a further embodiment, not shown, the invention is to AnkerAnwendung, which have been passed through the building wall and building inside are held with a Auf-Putz-Teller or a Unterputzteller. Such anchors can be clamped and / or glued in the same way as the anchor and threaded rods described above. The anchors then protrude either to the building wall in the insulation or until the insulation. The reinforcement according to the invention can then take place in the same way as in the embodiments described above.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DD 242194 [0021]
• DD 142166 [0021]
• DD 140120 [0021]
• DE 102014102826 [0021]
• DE 102015007004 [0021]
• DE 102014115506 [0021]
• DE 4214636 [0021]
• DE 1504463 [0021]
• EP 567845 [0021]
• DE 202011050195 [0026]
• DE 102011051510 [0026]
• DE 102010061139 [0026]
• DE 19653672 [0026]
• EP 2853654 [0026]
• EP 2540924 [0026]

Claims (27)

Thermally insulated building wall with spacers for subsequent external fastening of a functional part such as a canopy or an awning or an advertising system or an escape route or a staircase or scaffolding or lamps or a camera or the like, wherein the fastening takes place through the spacer through the thermal insulation, wherein the spacer engages with a threaded rod or an anchor in the building wall, characterized in that the threaded rod or anchor is provided with an amplifier which rests against the building wall, when the threaded rod or the anchor sits in the building wall, characterized in that the amplifier At least three times the outer diameter, preferably at least four times the outer diameter, and even more preferably at least five times the outer diameter of the threaded rod or the anchor has at the contact surface with the building wall. Building wall according to claim 1, characterized in that the threaded rod or the anchor a) is clamped to the building wall or b) is glued to the building wall or c) is glued to the building wall and clamped Building wall according to claim 2, characterized in that a) the reinforcement in turn sits with a thread on the threaded rod and is clamped by turning against the building wall, preferably secured with a lock nut in the clamping position or b) the reinforcement of the threaded rod or the anchor surrounds at a distance and is clamped by means of a threaded rod or the anchor sitting nut and is secured in the clamping position against loosening, as backup preferably a lock nut or a disc is provided in the clamping position of the reinforcement with a part around the head the reinforcement folds and is foldable with another part to the nut or c) the reinforcement is glued to the building wall regardless of the attachment of the threaded rod in the building wall or glued together with the threaded rod or the anchor in the building wall. Building wall according to claim 3, characterized in that the adhesive layer forms a leveling layer between the building wall and the reinforcement. Building wall according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that in a bond between the building wall and the reinforcement in the wall surface and / or the contact surface of the reinforcement recesses are located. Building wall according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the reinforcement surrounds the threaded rod or the armature and tapers towards the outside of the thermal insulation or has a cylindrical shape. Building wall according to claim 1 to 6, characterized in that the reinforcement in the direction of the outer wall of the thermal insulation has a dimension which is at least equal to 1/3 of the thickness of the thermal insulation, preferably at least equal to 0.5 times, and even more preferably at least equal to 2 / 3 is the thickness of the thermal insulation. Building wall according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the reinforcement consists of plastic, preferably made of non-foamed high-strength plastic with a low heat transfer compared to the steel of the threaded rod or anchor. Building wall according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the threaded rod or the armature for retrofitting the provided on the building wall functional parts integrally protrudes up to the outer wall of the thermal insulation or the threaded rod or at least two parts is formed and as in one-piece form to protrudes in front of the outer wall of the thermal insulation, wherein between the two parts of the threaded rod and the armature, the two rod parts or anchor parts connecting molding of unfoamed plastic is provided with low heat transfer, which causes a thermal decoupling of the threaded rod and the anchor. Building wall according to one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that after assembly of the threaded rod or the armature and the reinforcement in the borehole of the thermal insulation remaining cavity is filled with plastic, preferably with a plastic that is equal to the plastic of the reinforcement. Building wall according to Claim 10, characterized in that the reinforcement is provided with a cylindrical shape which completely or partially fills the borehole or, in the case of partial filling of the borehole, is combined with at least one further cylindrical body for complete filling of the borehole. Building wall according to Claim 11, characterized in that the further cylindrical body at the same time forms the shaped piece intended for thermal decoupling. Building wall according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the further cylindrical body is connected to the amplifier, preferably glued, and complements the amplifier in its the threaded rod or the anchor stiffening effect. Building wall according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the spacer is adjustable in length, being provided for length adjustment between the threaded rod or the anchor and the attachment point for the functional parts into each other and apart sliding or telescoping and apart profiles, preferably tubes , Building wall according to claim 14, characterized in that the building-wall-side booster has a spigot shape, wherein the pin forms the contact surface with the building wall, and that on the spigot a pipe extending towards the outside of the heat insulation is seated, the pipe preferably at the end is closed, which faces away from the pin and more preferably, in the end which closes the tube, a threaded rod piece or anchor piece is held for connection to the functional parts. Building wall according to Claim 14, characterized in that the building-wall-side booster is formed by a tube which rests with a closed end on the building wall and in which or on which another pipe with outwardly closed end sits, whose end for the connection of the functional parts is provided. Building wall according to claim 14, characterized in that provided as Gebäudewandseitiger amplifier and for fastening the functional parts pins which are interconnected by a pipe or a rod, wherein the tube sits on the pin and the rod is seated in the pin. Building wall according to one of claims 14 to 17, characterized in that the parts which can be pushed into and out of one another and / or the parts which can be screwed into and out of one another can be locked in the respective setting, adhesive preferably being provided for locking. Building wall according to one of claims 14 to 18, characterized in that the pins are provided with a collar, which form the contact surface with the building wall. Building wall according to claim 19, characterized in that the collar protrude from the tubes and the spacers between the protruding collar are covered with a plastic foam tube, wherein the collar on the outside pin is larger than the borehole in the heat insulation and thus engages over the unimpacted thermal insulation , Building wall according to one of claims 1 to 20, characterized by an outside cover of the borehole in the thermal insulation after assembly of the spacer. Method for mounting the spacers according to one of claims 1 to 21, characterized in that a) first through the heat insulation through a hole in the building wall is made b) the bore in the heat insulation for a spacer is drilled c) the holes are cleaned d ) an anchor / threaded rod is fastened in the bore of the building wall e) an amplifier is mounted on the building wall protruding anchor / threaded rod on the building wall side f) the hole in the thermal insulation is closed again g) the functional parts are fastened directly to the armature / threaded rod projecting up to the thermal insulation or indirectly via other parts to the armature / threaded rod ending in front of the outer surface of the thermal insulation A method according to claim 22 characterized by the use of a hard-metal stone drill for producing the bore in the building wall. A method according to claim 22 or 23, characterized by using a Krone drill or pot drill for drilling the bore in the thermal insulation, wherein the crown drill or pot drill is preferably held with a guide, which is preferably formed by a guide rod or the stone drill. Method according to one of claims 22 to 24, characterized by the use of compressed air for cleaning. Method according to one of claims 22 to 25, characterized by producing a flat bearing surface for the spacer on the building surface, preferably by using an end mill with a central hole, with which the end mill is guided over the projecting out of the borehole threaded rod or anchor. A method according to any one of claims 22 to 26, by coating the spacers with a fire retardant.

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