DE102016004416A1 - Package caste system - Google Patents

Abstract

Packet box system comprising at least one parcel box, consisting of a housing of any dimensions, a lockable door which can be locked by a locking and unlocking mechanism and this via short-range electromagnetic waves via an active-active communication connection is controlled, preferably NFC, a communication device for receiving and Transmitting the short-range electromagnetic waves via an active-active communication link, a memory element in which data can be stored, which can be received and transmitted with short-range electromagnetic waves via an active-active communication link, wherein the parcel box, in particular the locking and unlocking mechanism, preferably the Communication device, via another, mobile communication device, such as a smartphone or a mobile data acquisition device (MDE) with connection to the mobile Internet, controllable i st, which also operates with short-range electromagnetic waves and an active-active communication link, preferably NFC, wherein data exchanged between the parcel box and the mobile device for storage and processing, encrypted over the Internet to a central computer system and at least transferable a portion of the data of the deliveries, parcel boxes, mobile devices, participating companies, organizations and persons, locations, date, time and activities on the central computer system is storable and processable, with deliveries using the parcel box system are identifiable with an identification, preferably an NFC label or the like, which can be read by the mobile communication device and wherein to use the parcel box system companies shipping, organizations and individuals, transporting companies, organizations and their Trans personal, identifying, location-based, device-related, action-related and time-related data partially or completely for authentication to use the parcel box to the system and for further processing are transferable.

Description

I. Terms and word usage

• Delivery company = all companies delivering and picking up packages, mail and other deliveries; they may also be delivery services, such as frozen, lunch, pizza or supermarket delivery services; alternative terms: delivery service, delivery service; Examples: DHL, Hermes, DPD, GLS, UPS, Home Freeze, Gloria, Rewe, etc.
• Final consumer = recipient at the end of the supply chain; as well as the one who gives pick-up orders; So is also sender
• Paketkasten = container for receiving and sending parcels and postal items, "mailbox for parcels"
• RFID = Radio Frequency Identification; Radio standards of different definition; higher range than NFC (over 10m) and consequently more uncertain; only passive-active communication possible; As the name implies, this technique will be used primarily for identification purposes
• NFC = Near Field Communication; Radio standard in which signal transmission is possible only over a short distance and thus offers increased safety (maximum 20 cm, but usually only 4 cm); NFC is considered a further development of RFID; also active-active communication possible; thereby a safe and a much larger number of practical applicability is possible
• GSM = Global System for Mobile Communication; the standard mobile network
• MDE = Mobile Data Acquisition Device; is delivered by courier z. B. used to obtain the signature of recipients

II. Basic problems

Here are the basic problems that exist in the logistics or KPE market (courier, parcel and express services) or that have been identified in existing solutions (products and / or inventions) and which the problem solving of the invention described here Basically lying.

structure

• IIa.) Problems with (substitute) deliveries
• IIb.) Problems when sending
• IIc.) Problems with multiple filling
• IId.) Problems with the independent filling and emptying of deliverers and end customers
• IIe.) Problems with universal access to parcel boxes by delivery services
• IIf.) Problems with universal access to parcel boxes by end customers
• IIg.) Problems with access management
• IIh.) Problems in security in locking and data protection
• IIi.) Problems with the immediate notification of the end customer
• IIj.) Problems with the logging of the use

IIa.) Problems with (substitute) deliveries

In the parcel delivery market, it is very common that delivery companies can not find anyone at home and can not deliver parcels and consignments. This is disadvantageous for both sides, both for end customers and delivery services. Although there are several alternative possibilities for this case, so-called substitute deliveries, all are associated with disadvantages, which are explained below:

Option 1: Submit to neighbors or someone else

Disadvantages: The delivery to neighbors or someone else from the recipient is not always desirable. Be it because it is a discrete broadcast or because you do not understand your neighbor. In addition, in the event of loss or damage, liability conflicts may arise because it is always the one who receives and countersigns parcels. If the neighbor accepts the package, he is liable. Clashes are virtually preprogrammed.

Option 2: Open filing, eg. B. front door, garden shed, garage, etc.

Disadvantages: This option is extremely risky for the recipient because it can quickly lead to loss or damage. In cases of liability, the recipient bears the risk if he has consented to such filing.

Possibility 3; relining

Disadvantages: In case of a new delivery, the recipient has to accept a longer waiting period until he receives his goods. Delivery services have high costs as a result of frequent service.

Option 4: Storage in the store, in a parcel shop or the packing station for pick-up by the customer

Disadvantages: When storing the customer has the disadvantage of the journey, which costs time and money and often nerves. Likewise, this is with waiting time linked, because stored shipments are not immediately available - usually only on the next or the next working day. In addition, a storage is made only for a limited time. The delivery services are caused by the return transport and storage costs. If the consignee does not collect his shipment within a storage period, it will be deemed undeliverable and will be returned to the sender. In this case, the sender incurs costs, because many e-commerce providers pay the costs for such returns (Amazon, for example).

Disadvantages for delivery companies and couriers

The delivery is for the delivery companies or for the individual (often self-employed) messengers in total very disadvantageous because the delivery rate of so-called Erstzustellungen is very low - these are the shipments that can be delivered immediately. The quota is on average only 50%. Everything else is the substitute deliveries mentioned above and the cost drivers. For the individual messengers, it is very disadvantageous, since their income is linked to the delivery rate and they are very often correspondingly poorly paid and are under high pressure of time and success.

IIb.) Problems when sending

The customer must go to ship parcels, in particular returns, to a branch, a parcel shop or the packing station in order to send shipments, depending on which provider he does. This is disadvantageous for him, since he has to invest the journey and thereby time and costs. Alternatively, he can place a pick-up order, but then he must be present in person on pickup to hand over the package. This is very disadvantageous as most delivery companies offer only a rough time window of several hours to pick up. Delivery companies incur costs due to the availability of branches, parcel shops, packing stations and the staff who supervise them. The solution to the problem of the invention should therefore also take account of shipping (state-of-the-art No. 18 does not consider this, for example).

IIc.) Problems with multiple filling

i

Paketkästen mit Einrastschlössern werden von Burg-Wächter, Max Knobloch, Heibi, Huckepack UG und Pakebo (Dipl. Ing. Haserodt) angeboten

, welche im nicht befüllten Zustand offen stehen und nach Einlage einer Sendung und Schließen der Tür einrasten. Der Kasten ist dann mit einem Schlüssel zu öffnen, der im Besitz des Empfängers ist. Erwartet der Empfänger aber mehrere Sendungen hat der nachfolgende Zustelldienst keinen Zugriff mehr auf den Kasten und muss auf eine herkömmliche Zustellmöglichkeit zurückgreifen. Der Vorteil eines Paketkastens ist hierbei somit nur für eine einzelne Sendung gegeben.Some package box solutions that are offered do not meet the requirement for multiple filling. So there are parcel boxes with snap locks i

i

Box boxes with lock locks are offered by Burg-Wächter, Max Knobloch, Heibi, Huckepack UG and Pakebo (Dipl. Ing. Haserodt)

, which are open in the unfilled state and engage after inserting a shipment and closing the door. The box should then be opened with a key that is in the possession of the recipient. However, if the recipient expects several shipments, the subsequent delivery service no longer has access to the box and must resort to a conventional delivery option. The advantage of a parcel box is thus given only for a single shipment.

IId.) Problems with the independent filling and emptying of deliverers and end customers

ii

Wird von der MobilSchalten GmbH angeboten. Außerdem in Stand-der-Technik-Nr. 15 genannt.

verriegelt sind. Diese werden per Smartphone über das GSM-Netz (also, das allgemeine Mobilfunknetz) angesteuert und auf diese Weise entriegelt. Der Nachteil bei diesem System ist, dass der Zusteller den Empfänger vor einer Befüllung zunächst benachrichtigen muss (anrufen oder per SMS). Woraufhin der Empfänger den Paketkasten aus der Ferne über sein Handy öffnet. Das Problem entsteht hier, wenn der Zusteller den Empfänger auf dem Kommunikationsweg nicht erreicht, denn dann kann er sein Paket nicht einlegen. Ein weiteres Problem ist das hohe Paketaufkommen pro Tag, den jeder einzelne Bote hat. Der Bote muss mit jedem Empfänger einzeln Kontakt aufnehmen, um die einzelnen Paketkästen öffnen zu lassen. Das bedeutet einen extremen Zeit- und Kostenverlust und ist somit unzumutbar. Ebenso kompliziert ist der Versand von Paketen z. B. Retouren mit diesem System, da auch hier eine direkte Kommunikation zwischen Boten und Endkunde stattfinden muss.These disadvantages arise with parcel boxes with GSM locks ii

ii

Will be offered by MobilSchalten GmbH. Also in prior art no. 15 called.

are locked. These are controlled by smartphone over the GSM network (ie, the general mobile network) and unlocked in this way. The disadvantage of this system is that the deliverer must first notify the recipient before filling (call or by SMS). Whereupon the receiver opens the parcel box remotely via his mobile phone. The problem arises here, if the deliverer does not reach the recipient by the communication route, because then he can not insert his package. Another problem is the high amount of daily parcels every single messenger has. The messenger must contact each recipient individually to open each package box. This means an extreme loss of time and money and is therefore unreasonable. Just as complicated is the shipping of packages z. As returns with this system, since also a direct communication between messenger and end customer must take place.

IIe.) Problems with universal access to parcel boxes by delivery services

The delivery company DHL is currently (2014) trying to go it alone by offering a parcel box to which only DHL and its customers have access. This is not customer friendly, as the customer is limited to DHL in this way. Here you need a universal solution with access for all delivery companies. The end customer benefits from this because he can choose freely from all offered shipping methods, services and prices and is not limited to one supplier.

IIf.) Problems with universal access to parcel boxes by end customers

On the retail side, it is also advantageous if several people have access to the parcel box and not everyone has their own parcel box. Because in most cases, households are inhabited by several people, eg. From families or shared flats. Here there should be one or more main users for a parcel box (eg the parents or main tenants). These in turn should be able to grant (sub) box-opening permits to other household members, such as children or housemates.

IIg.) Problems with access management

iii

Paketkästen mit herkömmlichen Zylinderschlössern werden von Allux, Mefa, Flexbox, Bobi, Renz, Haller Carina und Haller Michael GbR, Metz, Rottner Tresor, Logixbox, Martin Buder und Sebastian Cempulik GbR, SSS Siedle, Ziegler und Allebacker angeboten.

oder mit RFID-gesteuerten Schlösserniv

iv

Paketkästen mit RFID-Steuerung werden von DHL und Renz angeboten.

geöffnet werden. Hier muss jedem einzelnen Zustellunternehmen und auch jedem einzelnen Bewohner einer Wohnung oder eines Hauses ein mechanischer Schlüssel oder ein sogenannter Schlüsselchip zur Verfügung gestellt werden. Dies kann sehr nachteilig und aufwändig werden in der Verwaltung des Zugriffs. Das betrifft die Zuteilung und Rückgabe von Schlüsseln, beim Freigeben und Sperren von RFID-Schlüsselchips sowie bei Fehlerhaftigkeit, Verlust und Beschädigung.Disadvantages of access management arise in parcel boxes, which use mechanical keys iii

iii

Package cases with conventional cylinder locks are offered by Allux, Mefa, Flexbox, Bobi, Renz, Haller Carina and Haller Michael GbR, Metz, Rottner Tresor, Logixbox, Martin Buder and Sebastian Cempulik GbR, SSS Siedle, Ziegler and Allebacker.

or with RFID-controlled locks iv

iv

Package boxes with RFID control are offered by DHL and Renz.

be opened. Here each delivery company and each individual resident of a flat or a house a mechanical key or a so-called key chip must be provided. This can be very disadvantageous and expensive in the management of access. This concerns the allocation and return of keys, the release and blocking of RFID key chips as well as errors, loss and damage.

Assuming a delivery company becomes a customer of the system and would like to receive access to the existing parcel boxes in a delivery area. Then first physical general keys would have to be made. The production and delivery of such keys means cost and time and delay. The same applies to the return of keys or the release and blocking (ie programming) of key chips as well as errors, loss and damage. Each individual case generates costs, both for the operator of the parcel box system and for the delivery company. Because if a master key fails, you must first wait for a replacement. During this time, delivery via parcel boxes can not take place.

It also means administrative work for the end customer and costs can also be incurred. He must make a so-called written filing agreement with each individual delivery company, which confirms to the company that it is allowed to insert consignments and thus is out of liability. And secondly, it means in case of faultiness, loss or damage of the keys additional costs and effort for the delivery company and the end customer, because it must be made new and shipped. Another disadvantage: If a key gets into unwanted hands (eg thieves), the entire lock system must be replaced or the RFID reader must be reprogrammed inside the parcel box, which also causes high costs.

IIh.) Problems in security in locking and data protection

Package box solutions currently available on the market have disadvantages in the safe storage of shipments and thus in the value of goods and in the protection of sensitive data (personal data). This refers primarily to package boxes that are equipped with RFID technology (Radio Frequency Identification) and the locking or unlocking is controlled by it. The drawback of this technology is the high range in which signals can be transmitted (from 0.5 m to over 10 m), as this potentially has the following disadvantages.

The transmitted data can be read out remotely and the box could be accidentally opened by authorized users or intentionally by unauthorized persons. It could happen, for example, that a person opening the door accidentally unlocks the box and does not notice it, because he is out of sight of the box and does not notice that it is open. In this case, the loaded goods would be exposed to theft or damage. Or the remote unlocking is targeted by criminals who want to acquire the goods. The opening could be made conveniently from a safe distance and steal the contents in an unobserved moment. For such abuse, they would only need a stolen keychip or the identification data on it. The stolen identification data could play on their own RFID chip and use it for opening. Such a data theft can be due to the high signal range also from the distance and unnoticed by deliverer or end customer commit.

Locking variants with combination locks (mechanical or electronic) have the disadvantage on the one hand that combinations of numbers can be forgotten and on the other hand that such locks can easily be cracked.

Therefore, security requirements for interlocking and signal transmission in a parcel box should be set as high as possible because customers are increasingly having to order and protect more valuable goods. For once the package is stored and from the hands of the delivery company, the customer is liable for damage and loss.

IIi.) Problems in the communication between deliverer and end customer

Some parcel box systems on the market do not offer an automated way to the customer to be informed immediately of a storage or collection. For most, the messenger can leave the recipient only one postcard, as usual, while others send an SMS or e-mail.

A late notification can be a disadvantage, however, should the recipient be away for a long time, eg. B. because he is on vacation. If he would only be back later and want to revoke his order, it can easily happen that he is outside the statutory period of revocation. The customer would have to be notified faster. Also, the messenger is relieved and accelerates the delivery process, the notification would be automated, since he can save the filling of notification cards. In addition, an immediate notification ensures greater customer satisfaction.

IIj.) Problems with recording and logging the usage

Parcel box systems on the market do not allow the system's usage to be recorded and logged in detail by shipping companies, delivery companies and end users. This would allow the company running the parcel box system to conduct highly detailed market observations and respond to changes faster than anyone else on the basis of this information.

III. State of the art

Parcel boxes, mail receiving containers and similar devices and systems are described in several variants as a patent or utility model and / or on the market.

There are differences generally in the scope of problem solutions of the inventions (18, 42), in the locking and unlocking of the boxes and containers (15), in place and type of data processing and data transmission (59), in the temporal and local dependence between Delivery couriers, collectors and recipients / senders (15), maintenance (59), and type of security mechanisms and level of security for access (1, 5, 60).

Hereinafter, known and relevant patents and utility models are briefly outlined and called substantial drawbacks. These are contrasted with the advantages of the invention described herein.

Patents and utility models; Claims, characteristics, disadvantages

DE 20 2013 003 535 (No. 1), "parcel box"

This utility model claims a package box consisting of a housing and a locking device which is unlocked by means of an acoustic, optical or electronic unlocking device [1].

Furthermore, in a subclaim, an unlocking device that can be activated by means of electromagnetic waves [3] and / or by means of an RFID chip [4] is claimed.

The disadvantage here is the reference to the RFID radio technology, which also represents a higher security risk due to their high range, because it is possible to read data from a distance and unnoticed. In addition, only so-called active-passive connections are possible with RFID. This means that an active component can read the data from a passive one, but not vice versa. There can be no active data exchange between the two components. This would require an active-active connection.

US 7,249,705 (No. 5), "Theft Preventive Mailbox Having Remote Unlocking Activation Mechanism"

This patent claims on the one hand a mailbox with two chambers and a release mechanism that is unlocked via a key card system [1].

For .other a mailbox with two chambers and a release mechanism is claimed, which is unlocked via a so-called FOB system. These are radio transmitters that are carried on the keychain (key fob = key fob) [5].

Furthermore, a mailbox is claimed with two chambers and an unlocking mechanism that is unlocked via an RFID system [9]. This system works as follows:
There is a master radio transceiver and a subordinate radio transceiver. Both serve to query a radio module in the box, which returns an identification. This is compared in the transceiver with an identification stored therein. If there is a match, a match signal is sent to the radio module in the box, unlocking it and freeing access.

A disadvantage in the last-mentioned main claim is again the reference to the RFID technology (as in prior art No. 1). However, that too is Speech of transceivers, which means active-active components that can communicate with each other.

The data comparison of the identifications is made in this claim within the transceiver device (concretely, it may be MDEs), which has the disadvantage that in case of failure nobody can intervene in real time from outside and help the messenger or the receiver in eliminating the error can, because data is not transmitted (to a central office, for example) and thus processes and location are incomprehensible.

Irritating or self-contradictory is that in claim 9 RFID technology is claimed, but this includes transceivers. It is contradictory because RFID is by definition only active-passive. In turn, transceivers are components that are active-active. Here it seems to be an inaccuracy in the claims to act.

DE 20 1012 101 062 (No. 15), "Package delivery flap with remote-controlled opening mechanism"

In this invention, a collapsible (foldable) box [1] is claimed with a remotely operable unlocking mechanism. This is activated via SMS or GSM modem. The process is as follows: The delivery service calls the recipient and this opens the box with his phone from afar.

The downside of this is that the courier and receiver must come into direct contact during the delivery process. Ie. For every single package, the messenger must call and then reach the customer. This means a huge effort in the high volume of packages that are delivered daily and does not lead to an improvement in the situation.

DE 10 2012 004 616 (No. 18), "Method for transferring mailpieces from a deliverer to a recipient and a device, in particular for carrying out such a method"

In this invention, a method is claimed, is placed in the shipping goods from a deliverer to a recipient in a receptacle, which is locked after closing against reopening [1].

In this procedure, only the delivery of parcels is claimed, for the collection no claims are made and concretized. This is disadvantageous because a parcel box is also very useful for this purpose.

DE 20 2012 011 637 (No. 42), "Device for access authorization to lockable parcel compartment doors"

In this utility model, a device for entering a multi-digit character and / or number sequence for the access authorization is claimed on lockable parcel compartment doors, z. B. a code lock [1].

The disadvantage of this invention is that only a device for the access authorization is claimed here. Ie. Although some problems with the delivery and pickup are resolved, but other problems not, such. For example, immediate customer information on delivery, box usage monitoring, access permissions management, etc.

DE 20 2010 009 213 (No. 59), "Postal Receiving Container and Shipping System"

This invention claims a mail receiving container and the method in which an access code is entered for opening. This can u. a. be entered with a mobile phone [17].

All access codes are stored in a memory of the container and are adjusted at the code input, whereupon the opening is made [10].

The disadvantage here is that all access codes must be available in the memory of each box, so they must be kept up to date. Once codes change, someone first has to re-program the box, which means effort and susceptibility to errors. If z. For example, changing the access code for sample company XY, which could have 3 million customers and just as many boxes, would also require 3 million boxes to be reprogrammed.

US 2002 00 67 261 (No. 60), "Locking Mechanism For Use With One-Time Access Code"

In this invention, a method and a device is claimed in which the opening of the device is made by one-time access codes issued by a server [3] and expire after use or after a predetermined period of time [1,11] and the fees are charged [18].

The disadvantage of this method is that no verification of the identities or the validity of the individual entities is claimed. Neither the box itself, nor the one that opens, or the devices that it uses to open, nor the shipments themselves or the shipping companies. Thereby the security against unauthorized access is reduced because z. B. the codes can be forged or stolen.

DE 697 27 231 (No. 69), "Storage device for dispensing and receiving goods"

This invention claims a storage device in which a fixed access code is entered for opening and compared with a comparison access code stored in a memory of the device [1].

The disadvantage here is that the comparison access code must be kept up to date. Once an access code changes, someone has to re-program the box, which means effort and susceptibility to errors. If z. For example, changing the access code for sample company XY, which could have 3 million customers and just as many boxes, would also require 3 million boxes to be reprogrammed.

EP 0 821 518 (No. 71), "Transfer device and distribution device"

This invention claims a distribution device with a key associated with the receiver [1]. This key is a chip card, magnetic card or codeword [9]. The deliverer also opens the box with a key [13].

The disadvantage of such a system is that the key types of the recipient may be lost, stolen or forgotten. If a chip or magnetic card is lost, it takes longer to replace it and the box can be opened. In the event of theft, abuse can become a problem. Even if the code word is lost or stolen, there may be a delay or misuse.

US 2001 000 69 (No. 74), "Postal Box"

This invention claims a mail container that either permits or denies opening upon entry of package information [1,2]. This is done via an input device. Information about the filling state can be remotely, eg. B. over the Internet be called.

The disadvantage here is that otherwise no information about the box and / or the operations are transmitted on site and / or documented. In the case of a problem, nobody (eg parcel delivery) can quickly provide assistance from the outside, since he does not monitor the processes remotely and has no real-time information available. The messenger would either have to go back to the depot or someone would have to drive out to provide assistance.

Other logistics solutions on the market; Features, disadvantages

LockBox and PaketButler

These products are mobile containers, which are set up on your own doorstep and which are filled by the messenger. Both are attached to the front door so they can not be stolen. Once the container has been filled, the attachment is removed from the door and taken into the apartment.

A disadvantage of both systems is that you have to think about it in time for the messenger to fill it up. In addition, the messenger in an apartment building has to come into the house. If no neighbor is currently at home, a delivery can not be delivered or picked up.

The LockBox system also has the disadvantage that special shipping boxes are used for this purpose. This means that shipping companies need to include these boxes in their shipping logistics. You have to z. B. always have some in stock.

CarDrops

In this system deliveries should be stored in the trunk of your own vehicle. The messenger receives a special authorization for this purpose. For this he gets notified of the current location of the vehicle.

The big disadvantage is the inhibition threshold to allow someone unknown access to their own vehicle.

Parcel Home

The ParcelHome system consists of parcel boxes, where an ID is read in the box via NFC smartphone and the person entitled to access receives an access code. He must then enter this via an input field on the box and authenticate himself.

This system has the disadvantage that the security level for the access authentication is not so high. It is the opening process by the messenger z. For example, it does not check whether there is a delivery at all, which one should be loaded, and if so, whether it is the right one and by whom the shipment is.

IV. Invention and Problem Solving

1 Introduction

All the aforementioned disadvantages of existing inventions and general problems are not or only partially solved by inventions available on the market and / or inventions described as patents or utility models. The invention claimed here incorporates all disadvantages and problems and offers a total solution.

2. Description

a.) Elements of the parcel box system

The invention relates to a parcel box system which comprises a parcel box for households and other receivers, which can be set up individually or in groups and serves for the deposit of parcels, mailpieces and other deliveries.

The parcel box consists of a housing of any size, in which the supplies are inserted. It has a lockable door which is locked by a locking and unlocking mechanism and controlled by short-range electromagnetic waves. These electromagnetic waves are primarily NFC technology, as it provides greater safety with its short range and further benefits through the possibility of active-active communication.

Alternatively, the communication technology can also be other information transmission types that work with a low range.

The parcel box may also contain a separate communication module which operates with this communication technology and controls the locking and unlocking mechanism or the locking and unlocking mechanism may comprise such a communication module. This can both send and receive data.

In some way, the box contains a storage element in which data is storable. This can be a separate part, part of the locking and unlocking mechanism and / or part of the communication module. The stored data can be transmitted with short-range communication technology. The power supply of these components is provided by a battery, a solar module or another self-sufficient system.

The low-range communication technology not only serves to control the locking and unlocking mechanism, but also transmits, receives and / or exchanges further data.

The preferred variant of this parcel box, which works with an NFC-controlled locking and unlocking mechanism, is via a mobile device (preferably a smartphone, but is also a mobile data acquisition device MDE), which also works via short-range communication technology (preferably NFC), driven.

Preferably, smartphones are to be used by the recipient / consignor of consignments (ie as a rule the owner of the box or other authorized users) and by the deliverer or collector of supplies as mobile appliances, because these are meanwhile widely used by end consumers and companies. This proliferation facilitates the market introduction of the parcel box system, as no new technologies or devices need to be developed. You simply saddle up to existing ones.

In addition, with many smartphones already NFC technology is available, so that you also saddled on already common technology. For smartphones that are not yet equipped with NFC technology, this can be easily retrofitted via SD card.

Furthermore, smartphones have access to the mobile Internet, which is another important aspect of the system. After all, the data exchanged between the mobile device and the parcel box is to be transmitted via the Internet to a central computer system or server, where it is stored and processed. This is done in encrypted form. The high GSM network coverage in Germany averaging 95% contributes to this invention.

Another important aspect regarding the preferred use of smartphones is that they can be easily assigned to individuals, compared to the PC z. B. This is important to the authentication process, and therefore security of access.

On the central computer system, all processes that are carried out with smartphones / mobile devices, parcel boxes and parcels are to be centrally recorded, stored and made comprehensible. In addition, there should be an interface through which data can be output to third parties. This can z. B. delivery company, the confirmation data of a shipment delivery need to feed them into their own computer system.

Furthermore, it is provided for this invention that deliveries z. B. packages are provided with an identification that can be read with the smartphone or mobile device, z. As a barcode or an NFC label. Again, preferably NFC labels are used. In addition to the identification of deliveries, these offer further advantages.

This also increases the safety and comfort of delivery and receipt of deliveries.

In addition to the identification of the consignment including the destination address, such an NFC label can also assume the function of a package brand. Thus, the payment process for the postage or the usage fee for the parcel box system could also be made when reading into the system.

b.) Processes in the parcel box system

In the case of shipping by companies or private customers, such an identification is applied to the package (preferably an NFC label), read in, the location queried (via GPS or other location method) and transmitted to the central computer system and there with the destination address, with date / time Capture and the corresponding package box ID linked and saved. Thus, the system is immediately known for which parcel box or what destination the delivery is provided.

The central computer system contains the company data of the respective consignor, including a company ID and the location. Shippers must register to use the system.

• • es sich um das jeweilige registrierte Unternehmen handelt
• • das Einlesen am gespeicherten Unternehmensstandort geschieht.

Company ID and location are transmitted to the central computer system along with the packet identification to increase security, to ensure that

• • it is the respective registered company
• • the reading takes place at the stored company location.

The same is done when sending by private individuals. These also have to register with their personal data and receive an ID which is stored on their mobile device (preferably smartphone). And even individuals bring an identification on the package, read it, transfer it together with the location (via GPS query or another positioning system) to the central computer system. There, the data is also linked to the destination address, with date / time of capture and, if appropriate, a corresponding parcel box ID (if a parcel box is the destination) and stored.

The delivery company then takes over the package, either directly from the shipping company or, in the case of a private person, from the parcel box.

When taken over by a company, the package ID is read in together with a company ID of the delivery company, a personal ID of the messenger (which loads the package box app into the memory of the mobile device / smartphone at system logon) and the location ( GPS) to the central computer, linked to date / time and stored.

As a result, the system knows all the packages and the associated destination addresses / parcel boxes that are intended for parcel boxes and can thus generate automatically optimized delivery tour plans. The delivery courier simply calls these in his mobile device.

When the parcel box is filled by a delivery courier, it must read in the parcel ID and the box ID. These are transmitted together with their device ID (mobile device / smartphone), their personal ID and location (GPS) to the central computer system, linked with date / time and stored.

When the end user / receiver removes the package from the package box, he or she reads the package box ID, which together with the customer ID / device ID (of the mobile device / smartphone), date / time, location (GPS) and confirmation signals of the opening and closing and the respective times are transmitted to the central computer system and stored. At the end of the delivery process, he has to read in the package ID. So the system knows that the process is complete.

When filling by the end customer to pick up a shipment, he must also apply an ID (NFC tag) to the package, read it and link it to a destination address. When loading, he reads in the parcel box ID which, together with the customer ID and location (GPS), is transmitted to the central computer system, linked with date / time and stored.

When a messenger picks up the package from a package box, the box ID and the package ID are read in together with a company ID of the delivery company, an ID of that person. which takes over the packets, location (GPS) and a confirmation signal and time that the box was closed again transferred to the central computer system, linked to date / time and stored.

The transmission and storage of this data is for processing on the server, eg. B. the verification of the access authorization of a delivery to the parcel box.

For this purpose, several test tasks are processed, all of which must be positive, so that the system gives out a signal to the opening.

All participating entities are scrutinized against each other and thus a high security factor for parcel access is established.

First, the validity of the device ID and the personal ID of the delivery courier is checked. It is checked whether the IDs match and thus whether the delivery service associated with the mobile device is actually using this or possibly an unauthorized person.

Further, by using the package ID and device ID, it is checked if a particular package is actually allocated to the corresponding delivery courier.

In another test task, the current GPS position of the mobile device and the device ID is transmitted. Each device or device ID is assigned at least one delivery district, which is stored in the system with associated GPS data. It is now checked whether the received GPS data with those in the system agree or simply put: It is checked whether the delivery messenger is actually located in his delivery area.

Furthermore, there is a check between GPS position and delivery tour data. This determines if the messenger is on his assigned tour and where on the tour.

Each parcel box or parcel box ID is assigned a fixed GPS position in the system. The current GPS position of the mobile device is checked for compliance.

The package ID is also compared with the tour data and checked whether the imported package is intended for the current tour.

Finally, it is checked whether the packet ID is assigned to the read packet box ID. So, whether the package is for this box.

The smartphone app (or the software on the mobile device) serves as a central control and communication element for the courier and the end customer. For the operation generally necessary is a personal password.

When receiving the end customer first receives a notification on his smartphone. This can be displayed in the app; Alternatively, a notification via SMS or e-mail is possible in the event that the customer has not just opened the app and therefore does not see the notification.

With the app, the end customer can also take his delivery from the box by simply scanning the box ID and waiting for the check on the server. If it is positive, the box opens. After closing the box, he has to scan the package ID so that the package is fully booked out of the system.

The deposit for picking up a parcel is similarly simple. First, he must attach an NFC label on the package, which he then reads in with the smartphone and books in the system. Then he opens the box and puts the package. The last step in this process is to hire a delivery company through the app.

c.) Features of the system

Since the smartphone or the app can also be understood as a communication channel to the customer, it also lends itself to other functions. Essential for the proper filing of packages is the so-called filing agreement. This is an agreement between the end customer and the delivery company, that the package may be placed in a defined location and then out of liability. In the case of existing parcel boxes, the customer must make this known to each individual delivery company in writing, which means uncomfortable administrative work. In the parcel box system, these agreements can be made by setting a single tick in the app.

Furthermore, the app can be used for service and loyalty programs. He could over here z. For example, you can order new labels or contact support directly.

In addition, the app also offers, of course, as a way to advertise here. Either to advertise the products and services of the operating company and / or to give other companies the opportunity to place their advertising here. As the whole thing up Mobile devices, preferably smartphones happens, highly personalized advertising is possible.

The delivery messenger is the app or the software on the mobile device initially as Einlesegerät at the depot to parcels packages that are intended for parcel boxes read. The fact that the system knows all GPS positions of the parcel boxes, it can automatically generate the messenger an optimal route plan, which he must leave.

At the parcel boxes, he scans the package ID and the box ID with the app and waits for the server check. If it is positive, the box opens and he can insert the package.

When picking up a package, he scans the box ID and waits for the server check. If it is positive, the box opens. Then he can remove the package, read the package ID and thus book it into the system.

Since the messenger must close the door each time a parcel box is filled or emptied, with an acknowledgment signal being sent to the server and giving the mobile device a positive data signal, it is prevented from inadvertently forgetting to close the box or not performing it correctly , Should he do so, the signals will not be transmitted and he can continue to use the system after the closure has been properly completed.

In addition, closing and signal transmission will automate the current standard that the courier must collect the customer's signature at each parcel delivery. The whole thing runs in the background and the messenger completes the delivery very quickly. This is possible because the customer is registered in the system with his personal data.

Also, for the messenger offers to keep additional features in the app ready. For example, the direct contact to the support of the system.

An extension of the invention provides that the parcel box has a technical device which protects already inserted deliveries before removal by another messenger when z. B. a second package is inserted).

An extension of the invention provides that automatic and / or remote-controlled delivery drones or other automatic systems as well as delivery couriers deliver deliveries and can pick up.

Another extension of the invention provides that the parcel boxes have heating and / or cooling function, thus z. B. Food delivery services can deposit goods and these remain warm or cold until removal.

Another extension of the invention provides a function as a universal identification in e-commerce systems, much as one can log on to other websites with his Facebook account. The advantage here is that the owner of a parcel box must register before use and thus feeds his personal data into the system. His identity is thus proven and valid. Since the system will primarily be used to order Internet or remote purchases, it makes sense to use the package box system identity as a login. So the new application would be in an online shop z. B. go much faster, because not every time again the personal data would have to be entered, but only the customer ID and the personal password. The system would provide the data to the online shop system.

Age verification, which is necessary for "Ab 18" products, can also be accomplished through this universal identification. The customer is unique and can then easily order such products.

Another extension of the invention provides for the integration of a payment system. This would be advantageous z. For example, if the end customer expects a COD delivery, but can not be present in person to pay the COD amount. The settlement of the amount could be made automatically after the messenger has placed the delivery in the parcel box, closed the door and received the confirmation signal. In the same way, delivery services could deliver the food, put the delivery in the box and then receive the invoice amount via this route. The end customer does not have to go into advance payment, but pays only when he has received the delivery safely.

3. Advantages over the prior art

a. Utility models and patents

The invention with the components package box, smartphone, central server and a data exchange between smartphone and parcel box is not possible with an active-passive radio technology (such as RFID in state-of-the-art No. 1). One of the components would not be able to return data in such a case or could not take any action. However, this is necessary with the parcel box system: the locking and unlocking mechanism inside the box must respond to the reception of an opening signal Unlock mechanism and send a confirmation signal back to the smartphone. This requires an active-active wireless technology, such as NFC.

In addition, the preferred NFC technique is much safer than other higher-range (eg, RFID) wireless technologies because it works with a maximum wireless range of 20 cm. In practical application, it is even only max. 4 cm. This means, in the case of the parcel box system, that a delivery courier or a recipient of a parcel box opening delivery needs to hold his smartphone directly in front of it or in front of the NFC-capable locking and unlocking mechanism inside the box.

Thus, it is extremely unlikely that this data can be read or read unnoticed by cybercriminals. For this they would have just as close to the box, as the authorized persons.

In addition, it may just as unnoticed come to an accidental data transfer from authorized persons. A mobile device, preferably a smartphone, z. For example, by using longer range wireless technology, it may accidentally send an opening signal to the box without the smartphone owner noticing. If there were a valuable shipment (such as an electronic device) in the box, thieves would have a very easy time. By using low-range radio technology, preferably NFC, and thereby enforced proximity to the parcel box, which is required in use, inadvertent and unnoticed opening is almost impossible.

The parcel box system has been deliberately invented to transfer data to a remote central computer or server where all operations (including access authentication) are stored. Compared to a system in which access authentication is performed in the mobile device of the mailer (as in Prior Art No. 5), data transfer and authentication on a server has the advantage of documenting all operations. In the event of a technical malfunction, delivery problem or other issues, a service team can centrally access the data and remotely remedy the situation, thus maintaining smooth operation. If authentication takes place in the mobile device on-site, the delivery courier must either request a technician or back to the depot. In any case, the smooth process is disturbed and a delay of delivery occurs.

During data transmission in the parcel box system, all information is sent to the server during delivery, emptying and filling by the end customer as well as during the collection of deliveries and stored. This has advantages over a system which merely transmits the fill state (as in prior art No. 74), e.g. B. the ability to be fully informed in real time about all operations and, where appropriate, to provide assistance from a distance.

The authentication process on the server also has advantages over a system in which all access codes are stored in the memory of the parcel box and are matched for the opening process with the ones entered in each case (as in Standder Technik No. 59 and 69), because in this case the updating of the access codes must be carried out individually for each box. If, for example, a delivery company intends to extend its delivery region and, as a result, wants to gain access to the local boxes, this access code must be stored in all the boxes there. This reprogramming of the boxes means a lot of effort.

The parcel box system works in such a case much more comfortable, because so what can be done centrally and remotely. For the example case of extending the delivery region above, the corresponding parcel boxes in the target region would simply be released for the company in the central computer system so that the delivery or pick-up operation can be started immediately. It is not necessary to send technicians on site. The process is done remotely.

Packet Box Authentication operates on the parcel box system by checking the identity and validity of all entities involved (package, delivery, delivery, parcel, recipient / shipper, shipping company) and runs on the server. It checks whether the entities are properly registered in the system, whether the stored data matches that received during the scan, and whether the entities are related, e.g. For example, if a particular parcel is assigned to a delivery company, a particular carrier and a parcel box or recipient, if the messenger also stands in front of the predetermined parcel box (queried and checked by GPS location of the smartphone), etc. Only when all checks are positive , the server sends an opening signal to the smartphone and this to the box and the messenger gets access.

This increases the access security significantly z. To a system that does not perform such testing (as in prior art # 60).

This check is fully automatic and offers the highest possible comfort for delivery couriers and recipients. You just hold your smartphone in front of the package or the NFC label and the package box and wait for a confirmation message from the app. As a result, the delivery courier no longer has to carry around any master keys, be they mechanical keys or transponders. It only needs a smartphone or other mobile device (eg MDE) equipped with the appropriate technology. Likewise the parcel receiver. Nothing needs to be carried around except the smartphone - no chip card, no keys, no transponders or anything else.

The authentication runs as a background process from which the messenger and the receiver get nothing. This is on the one hand the comfortable use and has compared to a system in which smart cards, transponders, PINs or codewords are used for opening the advantage that nothing can be lost, stolen or forgotten, such as chip card or PIN (as in stand-der- Technical No. 71). The only item that can be lost is the smartphone or other mobile device. A thief would use this but little if he had the intention to steal something from the parcel box, because to use the parcel application on the smartphone or the mobile device, a password is needed. Should this be lost, a quick password change is provided, just as it is known from many online services or websites.

b. Solutions in the market

LockBox and PaketButler

Compared to these systems, the parcel box system has the advantage that it is permanently mounted and thus always available for messengers to be filled or picked up. Also, the parcel box is set up outside, so that entering the house (for apartment buildings is not necessary). And finally, no special shipping containers are used. The system saddles on the well-proven containers (boxes, etc.), so that shipping and delivery companies do not have to make any changes in this point.

CarDrops

Compared to the CarDrops system, the parcel box system has the advantage that no inhibition threshold has to be overcome in order to give someone a stranger access to their own vehicle.

Parcel Home

Compared to the ParcelHome system, the parcel box system offers a higher level of security for messenger authentication on the parcel box. It is z. For example, it checks to see if there is a delivery that needs to be inserted and if it is the correct one.

If someone tried to open the box without reading a package ID, they would not be able to gain access. Even in the case where an unauthorized person reads in a package ID, but this is not assigned to the box, the door would not open.

c. Alternative solutions

It would also be conceivable to realize a case where the parcel box is connected directly to the Internet (eg via WLAN) and not, as in the parcel box system, first with the mobile device / smartphone and then with the Internet.

But this solution has the disadvantage that it only comes into question for households that have WLAN. But on the one hand, not every household has Wi-Fi and, on the other hand, it is not possible to build multi-family houses. Because in this case, there would be a WLAN for several house parties, which is not impossible, but in reality does not happen often.

The error rate is also increased because WLAN can also break down together. In addition, it is more complicated for the customer in the setup / setup.

As an alternative to WLAN, the parcel box could also be connected to the Internet by cable. But even here, the installation / installation of the box is complicated and expensive, because this would have to accomplish a technician and you can not expect the customer himself.

By contrast, the parcel box system can be implemented for every household, whether it is a single-family dwelling or an apartment building. There is no requirement that Internet is available in the house. The customer only requires an internet-enabled smartphone.

In this respect, the system is also simpler in the setup / setup, because it only has to be set up the box and the customer must go through the one-time registration process in the app.

V. Basic problem solutions

structure

• Va.) Problem solutions for (substitute) deliveries
• Vb.) Problem solutions when sending
• Vc.) Problem solutions with multiple filling
• Vd.) Problem solutions for the independent filling and emptying of deliverers and end customers
• Ve.) Problem solutions for universal access to parcel boxes by delivery services
• Vf.) Problem solutions for universal access to parcel boxes by end customers
• Vg.) Problem solutions in access management
• Vh.) Problem solutions in security with locking and data protection
• Vi.) Problem solutions for fast communication with end customers
• Vj.) Problem solving when logging the usage
• Va.) Problem solutions for (substitute) deliveries

The parcel box system solves the above-mentioned disadvantages with substitute deliveries. There is no need to pay the neighbor or another substitute, as the parcels can be stored safely and without the presence of the consignee or a replacement. The customer removes his package when he wishes.

This also eliminates any liability conflicts with neighbors or others. Also, the risky open filing of a consignment is eliminated and the liability risk decreases. A new delivery and thus costs for re-starts and staff is also unnecessary, since the package is always deliverable. The recipient receives his package without delay and delivery services have a significant cost savings potential.

A storage in the store, in the parcel shop or the packing station is eliminated. The recipient spares himself the approach, which means loss of time and costs and additional waiting time until receipt of the goods. And the delivery services can save storage costs and staff costs, as the amount of staff in and for branches, parcel shops and packing stations is likely to be reduced as well.

All in all, this increases the level of comfort for the customer, thereby ensuring, in the best case, even more orders and, consequently, growth in the logistics market.

Potentially, locations with branches, parcel shops and packing stations can even be completely saved for the delivery services if this parcel box system is widely accepted. There are also costs for many mail order and e-commerce providers. These arise from returns of undeliverable packages, for which the shipping companies pay.

Overall, the parcel box system increases the delivery rate, because parcels can be guaranteed delivered. This alone makes it possible for delivery companies to drastically reduce their costs.

In addition, the increased delivery rate also allows for relief and even better payment for individual messengers, since their salaries are linked to the delivery rate and they can earn more at a higher rate.

A parcel box has the advantage over a packing station that foreign purchases are less complicated because the customs required a chargeable address of a customer. This can be easily specified in a personal package box, not at the packing station.

Vb.) Problem solutions when sending

Access, costs and time for the search of branch, parcel shop or packing station are omitted when shipping the parcel box system, as this is placed directly in front of your own front door or your own property and filled here for sending parcels and mailings by the residents. The shipping company will give them a pick-up order for collection. When picking up the end customer does not have to be present in person.

In the preferred version with NFC technology, smartphone and mobile Internet, the end customer opens the parcel box with an app on his smartphone and can issue a pick-up order to a shipping company of his choice directly in the app. There is no personal presence required to be picked up by the courier. The messenger simply removes the package from the box.

Also, both sides will be spared costs here, because the messenger can check the correct franking on site and leave the package in the box, if it is not sufficiently franked. In this case, he can immediately send the customer a notification about why the package was not accepted via the app.

If the parcel box system is spreading in the market and is becoming standard, stockholding and personnel costs in branches and parcel shops as well as for the packing station can be reduced or potential locations can be closed and thus completely saved. For example, in rural areas unprofitable postal agencies are closed.

Collection orders would be known to the system immediately and passed on to the delivery companies. This also makes an immediate and flexible reprogramming of pickup tours possible.

Vc.) Problem solutions with multiple filling

The parcel box system can be refilled several times to provide the customer with maximum comfort. So it can happen that he receives several shipments from different delivery services, without in between making an emptying of the box, for example, because he is on vacation or on a business trip. This can be optimally realized with a system based on NFC technology, smartphone and mobile Internet. First of all, the administration of many "digital keys" is simple, fast, flexible and efficient.

With this system, the accesses of all different parties involved can also be accurately logged in order to understand in case of conflict such as loss or damage to the shipment, which deliverer or which user accessed the package box. The system has the capability of active-active communication between the box or the locking and unlocking system and the device that controls the locking and unlocking - in the preferred variant, the NFC-enabled smartphone. All opening and closing procedures and all information about those involved are transmitted to the app on the smartphone and then over the Internet to a server that stores opening and closing logs. The NFC technology is predestined for this because an active-active communication between two devices is possible - d. H. Both devices (locking and unlocking system in the parcel box and smartphone) can actively send and receive signals. This is not possible with RFID technology.

Vd.) Problem solutions for the independent filling and emptying of deliverers and end customers

The NFC parcel box system offers the possibility that both delivery services and end customers can access it completely independently of each other. As a counterexample, the GSM-controlled system described in the problems can be mentioned here. Here, the delivery courier has to contact the individual end customer each time and request an opening from a distance.

Ve.) Problem solutions for universal access to parcel boxes by delivery services

The preferred parcel box variant with NFC-controlled locking and unlocking fulfills the requirement for multiple opening by delivery staff in the most optimal way. To open the parcel box, the different deliverers authenticate themselves at the box opening with identification data in order to legitimize their access right. Other systems use either mechanical keys or key chips (RFID technology). However, these systems have the disadvantage that keys must first be manufactured and delivered. In case of loss, damage or defect, replacement must be made. This causes costs and time loss. During this period, where keys are replaced, parcels have to be put back in the traditional way (personal delivery, substitute deliveries) and the messenger works more slowly. In the case of "digital keys" in the NFC-based system, in the case of problem situations, a control center can simply send it over the mobile Internet to the smartphone app of the deliverer or end customer and either lock it or unlock it. In addition, the administrative burden on multiple delivery services is much simpler and more cost-effective, as there is only one person sitting in the center who is the point of contact and key manager. In the case of a system with mechanical keys or key chips, in the case of a problem, keys have to be rebuilt and sent. This will take a few days until the messenger receives it and can continue working with it.

Package boxes with RFID technology can not afford this because it is an active-passive system. Ie. One component (the RFID reader) is active and emits a magnetic field, the other is passive and contains information that can be read out via the field. The passive part can not send or perform other actions. The above-mentioned system with key chips is an active-passive system (eg that of DHL). The parcel courier carries the passive chip with him and holds it to the opening in front of the parcel box containing the active reader. This queries for an ID stored in the keychip. If it matches that in the reader, the reader will give a signal to the box's electronic lock and it will unlock.

If the key chip is lost, it is only with effort possible to initiate a block for exactly this chip, because you would have to the reader in the package box to adjust the programming so that just this chip is no longer valid and the opening is denied. Here a specialist would have to be requested to re-program the reader. Alternatively, every messenger would have to or end customer are trained how to perform this reprogramming. This is an unreasonable expense that is associated with costs and risks. The simpler solution is to have the blocking done remotely by a central office.

This is where NFC comes in - because it makes it possible to equip both the parcel box and the delivery courier with an active NFC device that can communicate with each other. Specifically, the package box contains an NFC-controlled lock and the messenger an NFC-enabled smartphone with an app for the parcel box system. If the messenger's "digital key" is lost, stolen or faulty, it can be blocked immediately via the Internet. In the event of a problem, the control center sends a blocking signal to the app on the smartphone so that it can no longer open the box. The reactivation of the app or the smartphone is handled via the mobile Internet.

Through this system, all delivery services that want to access the parcel boxes can be quickly and easily supplied with "digital keys". Newly acquired delivery companies can quickly and easily unlock access. You only need smartphones with NFC technology. The marketing of this system is ideal, as such smartphones spread more and more. Another advantage for the market launch is that there is little development work, because there is no need to develop completely new devices - you simply start with existing technology. Only the software, so App and central management software must be developed. NFC-controlled locks, parcel boxes and NFC-enabled smartphones are on the market. In addition, smartphones without NFC can be inexpensively and easily retrofitted with a chip on a micro-SD card.

Vf.) Problem solutions for universal access to parcel boxes by end customers

On the retail side, it is also necessary that several people can access the box. Because in most cases more than one person lives in a household and every item ordered. In family households can be the partner, children or other family members. In shared apartments, it is the roommates. Here a system is necessary that is uncomplicated in the use and can offer the end customer with problem cases fast assistance.

A system based on mechanical keys or RFID key chips has the same disadvantages here as with the delivery services. If keys are lost or faulty, the customer has effort and costs, as he too must request compensation. The production time and shipping take several days, so the customer has to wait until he can use the parcel box again.

The NFC-based system offers the better solution. Here, fast help can be provided via the Internet from the head office in case of disruptions with "digital keys". The end customer can quickly use the box again. Also, additional keys can be requested for secondary users in this way, without incurring any longer waiting times and costs than by mail. Likewise, the blocking is much faster in this way.

Vg.) Problem solutions in access management

Because delivery companies and end customers should have as little administrative effort and costs as possible with the parcel box, it is envisaged to handle the necessary communication via a smartphone app. This concerns key assignment, access blocking and customer service for key issues. But also the so-called filing agreements with the delivery services, which must be made so that the deliverers are at every filing of the liability. This should be done conveniently via the app. A center manages the whole thing through a software system and can contact and communicate with every single smartphone app. Key assignment or blocking can easily be done via the mobile internet. The filing agreement is also made on this. The customer simply sets a checkmark in the app and thus confirms the filing agreement for the respective delivery companies. The app transmits this information to the central system. The delivery companies have access to it and find out which customer has issued a filing license. Deactivation is also quick and easy with a tick. The shipping, loss or damage of physical keys does not occur here, so that resulting costs are avoided. If a malfunction occurs with a digital key, a new one is simply requested via the app and the mobile Internet. This type of system can only be implemented with an active-active NFC system consisting of NFC lock and smartphone with access to the mobile Internet, not via RFID. Because the NFC-enabled smartphone and the NFC lock inside the box must be able to exchange data with each other.

Vh.) Problem solutions in security with locking and data protection

In principle, the storage of a package in a parcel box from damage and Protect against theft, or more generally, protect against unauthorized access. This is risky when using RFID radio signals because the digital data and signals used can be read out or intercepted and misused due to the high signal range. With NFC technology, this risk is low because the two communicating devices are usually 4 cm apart. In the preferred NFC parcel box system, so who wants to open it must be directly in front of it. A release from a distance is not possible. The reading of sensitive data is only possible if you stand directly in front of it.

Therefore, it provides much greater protection against both targeted misuse and accidental opening of a messenger or a recipient.

Since the authorization process runs almost automatically and in the background when the package box is opened and closed, there is little danger that passwords will be forgotten. The cracking of the system is thus considerably more difficult (compared to a combination lock, for example.) - A thief would have to first have a smartphone with the package box app. When registering in the system, the device ID of the smartphone is stored both for companies and end customers. Also, the app is only issued to registered companies and end users (it is not free downloadable). In addition, to use the app, a personal password is necessary, which would have to know the thief for any abuse attempts.

Vi.) Problem solutions in the communication between deliverer and end customer

The preferred NFC parcel box system enables fast communication between messengers and delivery companies and recipients. A notification can be sent automatically when the parcel box is closed after insertion. To do this, the NFC lock sends a signal to the smartphone app. This then sends it to the central system, which forwards the message to the customer. The customer will be informed immediately about the receipt of a shipment. As a result, he can react faster if he z. B. be away from home longer and expire a period of revocation after his return. Even with a pick-up order, the customer can issue this directly via the smartphone app. After closing the box, the app asks him which delivery person he wants to choose. He selects one and only confirms the whole thing. The delivery company can respond immediately and send a pickup to the box or reschedule the tour of the messenger flexible.

If the box ID is incorrect, it can be changed or renewed from the control panel. To do this, only someone with a mobile device / smartphone and access authorization (eg end customer or messenger) has to approach the box and hold the device in front of it so that it can communicate with the module in the box.

Vj.) Troubleshooting the recording and logging of usage

With the parcel box system, accurate logging and analysis is possible, which records exactly how often certain parcel boxes are frequented, what they are used for (dispatch and / or receipt) and by whom, which shipping company sends something or which delivery company handles the transport.

Keeping these activities has different benefits. On the one hand, this increases the security with regard to the authorization on the parcel box. In addition, the route planning for delivery companies can be made more efficient, because the destination address data already become known during the dispatch task in the shipping company. In the current system, they are only included in the system when they are picked up by the delivery company.

In addition, the company running the parcel box system can conduct very precise market research because the complete shipping route is traceable. It can be determined exactly which shipping companies send something to which customers and which delivery companies take over the transport. And above all, changes in this market are observable in real time and across the board. It can be determined which shipping company increases its output, which delivery companies are growing or shrinking and which customers are ordering where or which delivery company they choose. Based on this database, the company operating the parcel box system can react very quickly and, above all, to market changes.

The security increases because the exact logging can prevent the misuse of the parcel boxes. It is exactly recorded by whom and at what time a box was opened. In a case of abuse it is easy to understand who might have committed it.

For other parcel box systems, such close observation is not possible because they do not log the entire shipping route.

VI. Overview of problem solutions

• A.) Replacement deliveries, such as delivery to the neighbors, open filing, new delivery and storage in branch, parcel shop or Packstation omitted
• • Faster receipt of the shipment
• • Less liability conflicts in case of loss or damage
• • No trips to the store, parcel shop, packing station; less cost and effort by doing so
• • More discrete delivery
• • More convenient overseas orders
• • Increase in delivery rates
• • Savings potential for delivery companies due to fewer journeys, less storage, fewer branches, fewer staff
• • Overall increase in service quality, thereby increasing orders
• • Better income and discharge of delivery couriers
• • Savings potential for shipping companies due to fewer undeliverable packages
• B.) Shipping from the front door
• • No trips to the store, parcel shop, packing station; less cost and effort by doing so
• • No personal presence required for pickup order
• • Cost savings potential for delivery companies through fewer branches, parcel shops, packing stations and / or local service staff
• • Overall increase in service quality
• • Increase efficiency in tour planning
• C.) multiple delivery
• • Multiple shipments can be loaded without intermediate emptying
• D.) Independent access by deliverer and end customer
• E.) Multiple access by delivery services
• • Access is possible for several delivery companies
• • Authentication via NFC smartphone / smartphone app
• • Fast Digital Key Release and Blocking via Mobile Internet
• • Central management of digital keys
• • Fast, flexible replacement of keys over the mobile Internet
• • No loss of time through it
• • End customer thus has free choice for delivery services
• • Cost-effective market launch, since technology is available (NFC locks, parcel boxes, NFC smartphones)
• • Low development costs (program only software)
• F.) Multiple access by end users
• • Access is possible for several persons in a household
• • Authentication via NFC smartphone / smartphone app
• • Digital key release and locking via the mobile Internet
• • Central management of digital keys
• • Fast, flexible replacement of keys over the mobile Internet
• • No loss of time through it
• G.) Convenient administration
• • Central administration and remote maintenance via Mobile Internet
• • Filing contracts are closed or ended via the smartphone app
• H.) High security against loss, damage, misuse of shipments and data
• • Capture, log, and review all entities involved in the shipping process
• • Protection against theft through accurate logging of shipping routes and use
• • Authentication processes run in the background
• • App / Software is only issued to registered end users and companies
• • Protection against unintentional unlocking
• • Protection against data theft
• I.) Improved communication via smartphone app
• • Customer will be informed immediately in the smartphone app about shipment receipt
• • Customer can send pickup order via app
• • The end customer can renew the incorrect box ID himself via smartphone
• J.) Logging of use
• • Increased security through usage protocols
• • Data is collected automatically
• • Data can be available in real time
• • Database for market research
• • Database for more efficient trip planning
• K.) Further solutions
• • Messengers do not need to enter buildings, assembly outside the house
• • No complicated conversion for delivery and / or shipping companies through special shipping containers
• • No overcoming of inhibitions (as for example with CarDrops)
• • Easy installation / setup
• • Also for households without internet, only smartphone necessary

Claims (10)

Packet box system comprising at least one parcel box, consisting of a housing of any dimensions, a closable door which can be locked by a locking and unlocking mechanism and this via short-range electromagnetic waves via an active-active communication connection is controlled, preferably NFC, a communication device for Receiving and transmitting the short-range electromagnetic waves via an active-active communication link, a memory element in which data can be stored, which can be received and transmitted with short-range electromagnetic waves via an actively-active communication link, wherein the parcel box, in particular the locking and unlocking mechanism, Preferably, the communication device, via a further, mobile communication device, such as a smartphone or a mobile data acquisition device (MDE) with connection to the mobile Internet, can be controlled, which also operates with short-range electromagnetic waves and an active-active communication link, preferably NFC, where data which are exchanged between the parcel box and the mobile device for storage and processing, encrypted over the internet to a central computer system and at least part of the data of the delivery system stores, parcel boxes, mobile devices, participating companies, organizations and persons, locations, date, time and activities on the central computer system are storable and processable, with deliveries using the parcel box system having an identification, preferably an NFC label or the like which can be read by the mobile communication device and wherein companies, organizations and private persons, transporting companies, organizations and their transport personnel as well as receiving companies, organizations and private individuals are registered for use of the parcel box system and personal, identifying, location-based, device-related, action-related and time-related data partially or completely for authentication to use the parcel box to the system and for further processing can be transmitted. A parcel box system according to claim 1, characterized in that this comprises a parcel box, which additionally has a technical device that protects already inserted deliveries from unauthorized access and further deliveries can be inserted, for. B. when the parcel box is opened again. Parcel box system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a parcel box, which additionally has a technical device by which automatic or remote-controlled drones deliver deliveries and / or can pick up. Parcel box system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a parcel box, which additionally has a heating and / or cooling element, can be stored with the temperature-sensitive supplies and kept warm or cool. Parcel box system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises technical measures for protection against vandalism, in particular of the parcel box. Parcel box system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that for the authentication on the parcel box not the evaluation or processing of the data of all entities involved in the shipping process and processes is used, but only the package identification. Parcel box system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that identification data for authentication in the parcel box system can also serve for universal authentication, eg. On websites, in online shops and other systems. Parcel box system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that identifying and / or other data in the parcel box system can be used to verify a particular age, in particular the age of majority, for. B. Goods that are only allowed from 18 years to be able to receive and ship. Parcel box system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a payment system can be integrated, wherein in the or by the storage process or pickup process of a delivery, a payment transaction can be made and / or triggered or verified. Parcel box system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a permit for the acknowledgment-free delivery of a delivery between the supplier and the recipient, not by post, but by telecommunications, preferably via the mobile communication device can be made.