DE102015000211A1 - The internal combustion engine with the computer control and the dumbbell mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

The composition of detail in the crank mechanism in the rotation inside the internal combustion engine give no opportunity to increase the ratio of piston stroke (S) to the cylinder bore (D) to the optimum stroke ratio S / D ≥ 2.0, at which the work of combustion pressure of gas becomes more efficient. The engine with the new mechanism of the conversion of the linear piston stroke in the rotation of the crankshaft to the stroke ratio S / D 2.0 and higher is being developed. The piston contacts the crankshaft (referred to as the main shaft due to the technical change) by a transmitting element at the power stroke and remains free in other cycles. Full computer control of gas distribution, fuel supply, ignition and start-up skip to optimize engine work and reduce fuel consumption. The compression stroke is performed by the compressor at a compression level that is close to the compression ratio required for the cylinder. (Certificate of registration of the utility model no. 20 2014 003 086.3) The innovations listed above increase the engine efficiency up to 50% and higher with the 2-3-fold reduction of exhaust gases.

Description

To the state of the art

1

Orlin und Kruglov (1983): „Zweitaktmotoren” Verlag Maschinenbau, Moskau.

.Crank mechanism, which converts the pendulum movement of the piston in the cylinder in the circular motion of the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine (further referred to as engine), has disadvantages 1

1

Orlin and Kruglov (1983): "two-stroke engines" publishing house engineering, Moscow.

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The problem underlying the invention

The composition of detail in the crank mechanism during rotation inside the engine does not give any possibility to increase the relation of piston stroke duration (S) to cylinder bore (D) to the optimum stroke ratio S / D ≥ 2.0 at which the work of combustion pressure of gas becomes more efficient. The increase in S / D in the installation of the crosshead mechanism results in large scale and engine weight, which does not satisfy the auto industry. The continuous articulated coupling of the crank mechanism with the piston results in the execution of working processes in the cylinder by constant piston movement, with the result that the quality and the efficiency of the engine work decrease. The mechanical systems of gas distribution, fueling, ignition, puffing limit the further increase in engine efficiency, the reduction of fuel consumption and reduction of exhaust gases.

Problem solving (the invention itself)

The engine with the new mechanism of the conversion of the linear piston stroke in the rotation of the crankshaft to the stroke ratio S / D 2.0 and higher is being developed. The piston contacts the crankshaft (due to the technical change further referred to as the main shaft) by a transmitting element during the power stroke and remains free in other cycles.

Full computer control of gas distribution, fuel supply, ignition and start-up skip to optimize engine work and reduce fuel consumption. The compression stroke is performed by the compressor at a compression level that is close to the compression ratio required for the cylinder. (Certificate of registration of utility model no. 20 2014 003 086.3)

Technical description of the internal combustion engine

The motor ( 1 and 2 ) consists of two parts, the cylinder part (A) and the Reduktorteil (B). The cylinder part contains two box cylinders ( 1 . 1' ) with the stroke ratio S / D 2.0 and higher. The mechanism of the conversion of the linear piston movement into the unilateral rotation of the main shaft ( 14 ) consists of the dumbbell (C), which comes from the left ( 2 ) and right ( 3 ) Disc piston is made hard by rod ( 4 ) H-shaped type with the upper ( 5 ) and lower ( 6 ) Racks are connected. The racks ( 5 . 6 ) the dumbbell (C) continuously tracks with the gears of the upper ( 7 ) and lower ( 8th ) Ratchets which are at the top ( 9 ) and lower ( 10 ) PTO shafts are hard attached. The PTOs ( 9 . 10 ) go into the reductor part (B), where at the upper ( 11 ) and lower ( 12 ) Drive pinions are attached, which are continuously connected to the gear ( 13 ) of the main shaft ( 14 ) are clamped at the free end outside the engine assembly, the handwheel ( 15 ) is mounted. The cylinders are with block heads ( 16 ), in which the combustion chambers ( 17 ) the injectors ( 18 ), the spark plugs ( 19 ), the inlet channels ( 20 ) and outlet channels ( 21 ) available. At block heads are the electric drives ( 22 ) of the inlet valve ( 23 ) and drain valve ( 24 ). The on-board computer with certain software programs controls the electric intake and exhaust valves, the injection into the combustion chamber and amount of fuel, the ignition of the gas mixture depending on external factors such as terrain, speed, truckload and others.

The principle of operation of the engine

In the two-stroke engine, the stroke takes place with each stroke of the dumbbell in one cylinder. Therefore, the dumbbell remains at the engine shutdown in the left or right turning point. The compression stroke is performed by the compressor, which provides the degree of compression corresponding to the compression ratio of average engines. These two moments are important for the computer control of work processes in the engine. The starting position of details in the engine are on the 1 , In the left cylinder ( 1 ), the power stroke has been executed, the electrical inlet ( 23 ) and exhaust valves ( 24 ) of the left cylinder are closed, the dumbbell (C) after the power stroke remains in the right turning point and closes the combustion chamber ( 17 ) of the right cylinder, the electric outlet channel of the right cylinder ( 24 ) is open. For the motor drive, after the computer program control, the electric inlet valve ( 23 ) in the right cylinder and through the overflow channel ( 20 ), the air pre-compressed by the compressor flows into the combustion chamber. After the specified time in which the chamber is vented, the Eletkroablassventil ( 24 ) and the flowing air is compressed to a certain degree of the power stroke, the electric inlet duct ( 23 ) will be closed. At the same time, for the better quality of the gas mixture, the fuel at the air inlet is replaced by the 18 ) and the spark ( 19 ) will be given. At this moment, the solenoid valves of the left cylinder are closed and the pressure remaining after the power stroke plus the dumbbell restrain a braking effect, resulting in complete burning of the gas mixture and creating a high pressure on the right dumbbell piston. Under the high pressure in the combustion chamber in the right cylinder, the dumbbell starts to move to the left and at that moment the electric outlet valve of the left cylinder is opened. There begins the exhaust stroke. After the barbell has gone 3/4 of its way, the exhaust valve of the left cylinder is closed, which buffers and prevents the collision of the dumbbell and the cylinder head upon reaching the left turning point. After reaching the dumbbell of the left turning point, the electric outlet valve of the left cylinder opens and pushes the accumulated exhaust gases to the outside. Operations at the power stroke of the dumbbell to the left: the rack ( 6 ) turns the gear ( 8th ) of the ratchet, spurting with the lower PTO ( 10 ) and transmits the gas pressure to drive pinion ( 12 ), which continuously with the gear ( 13 ) of the main shaft ( 14 ) with the handwheel ( 15 ).

The upper rack ( 5 ), the gear of the upper ratchet turns a dead turn on the upper PTO ( 9 ) power. After reaching the left turning point, the barbell stops, the knots and details of the engine are positioned and fixed as described in the right cylinder. At the power stroke in the left cylinder, all mechanisms of gas distribution, fuel supply and ignition work according to the scheme as in the right cylinder with the difference that the gas pressure on the dumbbell is transmitted through the upper rack to the ratchet of the upper PTO and further to the main shaft. With dumbbell movement to the right, the lower PTO makes a dead turn.

The advantages achieved with it

The innovations listed above increase the engine efficiency up to 50% and higher with the 2-3 times reduction of exhaust gases. The computer with certain programs controls the electric intake and exhaust valves, the injection and amount of fuel, the ignition of the gas mixture, controls the air pressure in the intake manifold before entering the combustion chamber, builds up the pre-intake air pressure, chooses depending on external factors the intensity of engine work - with breaks or not and with four, six or more cylinders the application of two or more cylinders and rest position of others. The computer shuts off the engine during gearshifting, braking, stopping for a short time. The start of the place is possible with the starting of the engine at the gearshift engaged without clutch manipulation. The motor can be used as a service brake when stopping in the rising position.

The installation of the computer control with the electro-valves, 2-regime compressor on the 4-stroke everyday engines allows its conversion into a two-stroke cycle, thereby doubling the engine power. (conversely, the conversion is possible several times) When working with the useless performance with the aim of saving fuel, the computer shuts off a couple of cylinders, leaving electric drain valves open. Certificate No. 20 2014 003086.3

Claims (1)

The two-stroke engine with the assembly, the boxer cylinders, crank mechanism, compression stroke in the cylinder, mechanical gas control systems, fuel supply and ignition characterized in that 1. the engine assembly consists of the part of the boxer cylinders with the stroke ratio S / D 2.0 and higher; the reducer part; the compression stroke is performed by the compressor and the pre-compressed air is drawn into the combustion chamber before the power stroke; the mechanism of the conversion of the linear piston movement into the unilateral rotation of the main shaft consists of the dumbbell, which consists of the left and right disc pistons, which are hard connected by rod H-shaped type with the upper and lower racks; the racks continuously engage with the gears of the upper and lower ratchets, which are clamped to lower and upper PTO shafts which pass into the reducer section and are hard connected to intermediate wheels and continuously meshed with the drive pinion; the main shaft protrudes from the engine assembly and at this free end the handwheel is mounted; that the engine assembly is controlled by the computer; the computer with certain programs controls the electric intake and exhaust valves, the injection and amount of fuel, the ignition of the gas mixture, controls the air pressure in the intake manifold before entering the combustion chamber, builds up the pre-intake air pressure, chooses depending on external factors the intensity of engine work - with or without pauses and with four, six or more cylinders the application of two and rest position of others; the computer shuts off the engine during gearshifting, braking, stopping for a short time; the start of the course is possible with the engine cranking when the gearshift is engaged without clutch manipulation; the motor can be used as a useful brake when stopping in the rising position; the reduction of exhaust gases is achieved two or three times; the utility of the engine increases to 50% or more. The everyday four-stroke engine characterized in that 2. the air compressor with two regimes and the computer control with electrovalves, the engine works in two and four strokes; When working with the useless power with the aim of saving fuel, the computer turns off a few cylinders, while the electric drain valves remain open. (Certificate of registration of utility model no. 20 2014 003 086.3)

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