DE102015006258A1 - HEADLIGHTS WITH A REVERSED RADIATION - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a headlamp (1) which in a beam path which is deflected at least twice and formed by the beams (Sd, Sz, Sp) has a beam (Sp) parallel to its optical axis (O) or a respective function of the headlamp ( 1) adapted beam (Sf) radiates. The headlight (1) is composed of a collimator (10) having a focal point (Z), a lens ring (11), a plurality of light-emitting diodes (12) each arranged at a predetermined radial distance from the focal point (Z) of the collimator (10) ) constructed as light sources and from a housing (16). The lens ring (11) is arranged concentrically to the focal point (Z) of the collimator (10) and has on its focal point (Z) facing, polygonal inside a plurality of facets (110-112), each having foci (F1-Fn) while its outer side facing the collimator (10) is formed by a biaxially curved surface of revolution (113) and the inside and the outside of the lens ring (11) are interconnected by a collar (13). According to the invention, the light-emitting diodes (12) are arranged in the focal points (F1-Fn) of the lens ring (11) and each emit a divergent beam (Sd) with an aperture angle (δ) transverse to the optical axis (O) of the headlamp (1) a facet (110-112) of the lens ring (11), wherein the divergent beams (Sd) at the facets (110-112) are refracted at an angle of incidence (α) and angle of reflection (β) and focused on the focal point (Z) of the collimator (10) centered beam (Sz) are combined.

Description

The invention relates to a headlamp, which is adapted to align the light emitted by a plurality of light emitting diodes each in divergent bundles of light in an at least twice deflected beam path to a parallel beam or to a particular function of the headlight functional beam. The scope of the invention includes headlamps for vehicles as well as headlamps for tools and power tools and headlamps, which are integrated into the housing of a mobile phone, a clock, a camera, a writing instrument or a shower head.

The light beams emitted by the individual light-emitting diodes in divergent bundles of rays transversely to the optical axis of the collimator formed by a concave mirror or a Fresnel lens are inventively refracted on a lens ring with at least three facets and combined to form a beam focused on the focal point of the collimator. In this case, the polygonal inner side of the lens ring acts as a converging lens whose focal points are arranged at a radial distance concentric with the focal point of the collimator, wherein the number of focal points corresponds to the number of facets of the lens ring. In one focal point of the lens ring, one or a plurality of light-emitting diodes can be arranged in each case so that a headlight according to the invention can be manufactured in different sizes and comprises at least three or one upwardly open plurality of light-emitting diodes.

In known headlamps, the light source is arranged at the focal point of a concave mirror of elliptical, ellipsoidal, hyperbolic or spherical shape in order to transform the beams emitted by the light source into a parallel beam. The disadvantage here is that essentially only one light source can be arranged in the focal point of a corresponding reflector.

Known car headlights, in which the light sources consist of light-emitting diodes, each need a separate reflector for each light-emitting diode. In the case of the light-emitting diode arrangement according to the invention, a plurality of light-emitting diodes can be arranged in the cavity of only one concave mirror. On the one hand a high light intensity is made possible on the other hand, different light colors can be used for different headlight functions.

The semiconductor crystal of a light emitting diode is very efficient in converting the electric power into light flux. The efficiency is about 90% which means about 600 lm / W. Conventional headlamps use only a fraction of the light emitted by the LEDs because much of the divergent beam can not be collimated. With an improved light emitting diode, as seen from the DE 10 2013 013 411 A1 shows that up to 90% of the luminous flux can be transformed into a collimated beam. This is a headlight available, the z. B. is also suitable for food production in greenhouses. Current research shows that the number of fruit cycles under artificial light can be increased. An exact collimation of the artificial light also makes it possible to increase the range of a headlamp up to the kilometer range, so that a far-reaching visual channel is opened up for the human eye.

From the DE 10 2007 008 403 A1 is a motor vehicle headlight with at least two reflector chambers, which are adapted to collimate the light of multiple light emitting diodes to form a beam.

From the DE 198 60 461 A1 is a headlamp system for vehicles in which several headlight units are combined in a housing to produce light bundles with different characteristics.

From the DE 10 2009 021 353 A1 goes out a headlight with multiple light sources, which are each arranged on a separate cooling surface. The reflector of the headlamp is composed of a plurality of reflector elements, wherein each reflector element is associated with a light source.

From the DE 60 2004 007 318 T2 is a motor vehicle headlight for producing a regulatory light beam, in which a light source at the intersection of a longitudinal axis of optical axis is arranged with an optical transverse axis and the headlamp comprises a spaced from the light source converging lens, which is adapted to direct the light onto a light-scattering reflector.

From the US 2008/0316760 A1 goes out a collimator for light emitting diodes, which is particularly suitable for vehicle headlights, in which a light emitting diode is arranged transversely to the direction of collimation.

From the DE 60 2005 000 798 T2 goes out a lighting unit for motor vehicle headlights, which has a concave reflector and at least one arranged in the concavity of the reflector light source. In this headlamp, the light beam emitted by the light source and the reflector is deflected by a horizontal plate before being collimated on a lens according to the projection principle.

From the DE 2006 046 438 B4 is a headlamp with an optimized light distribution, in which the light emitted from a first light source light is collimated according to the reflection principle and another light source deflects the light according to the projection principle through a lens. In this case, the second, arranged on the optical axis of the headlamp light source is associated with a collection optics made of transparent plastic, which focuses the light emitted by the second light source light before it hits a lens, which aligns it into a parallel beam, while the first light source two or several individually adapted reflectors needed.

Based on the illustrated prior art, the present invention seeks to find an arrangement for a plurality of light-emitting diodes, which is suitable for light emitted by the light emitting diodes in individual light beams in an at least twice deflected beam path to a parallel beam with a sharp To unite the light-dark border or align it to a functional beam adapted to the respective function or partial function of a headlight.

This object is achieved with the features mentioned in claim 1 of the invention. Other objects and advantageous features of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims.

The headlight according to the invention for collimating the light emitted by a plurality of light emitting diodes consists of the light emitting diodes as light sources, a lens ring for focusing the light beams and a collimator, which transforms the focused light beams into a parallel beam and / or a functional beam.

The lens ring of the headlamp is made of a transparent material and can either in an injection molding of a transparent plastic or in a cast or pressed glass process of a low-iron glass, z. B. made of borosilicate glass. On its side facing the focal point of the collimator polygonal inner side of the lens ring has a plurality of refractive facets whose number corresponds to the arranged in the focal points of the facets LEDs. On its outer side facing the collimator, the surface of the lens ring in a first embodiment of the invention has a transparent spherical layer, so that the rays centered on the facets of the lens ring on the focal point of the collimator can traverse the lens ring without changing direction, at a radially from the lens ring spaced concave mirror to be collimated. In a second embodiment of the invention, the concave mirror forms the outer surface of the lens ring and reflects the radiation beam centered by the lens ring as a parallel beam. The facets of the lens ring are designed either as flat facets or as convex facets or as free-form facets or as stepped facets. The function of the lens ring consists in an exact alignment of the light cone emitted by the light emitting diodes to the focal point of the collimator. The collimator itself is formed either by a concave mirror or by a Fresnel lens.

The polygonal inner side and the outer surface of the lens ring formed by a surface of revolution are each connected by a collar. If a concave mirror forms the outer surface of the lens ring, the collar influences the radiation properties of the lens ring. If the collar has a plane surface, the parallel beam bundle reflected by the concave mirror passes through the collar without changing direction. Individual sectors of the collar can carry prisms, the z. B. a horizontal expansion of the radiated from a vehicle headlight beam serve. In this case, a sector of the collar each have a light emitting diode are assigned so that different functions of a vehicle headlight, such as parking lights, flashing light, infrared light, low beam, high beam and daytime running lights with an annular headlight with z. B. six or eight annularly arranged around the focal point of the concave mirror LEDs can be covered. If the collar has a concavely curved surface, it acts as a diverging lens - with a convexly curved surface as a converging lens and with an attached cone with tapered walls as a light guide, from which a functional beam corresponding to the respective function of the headlight is extracted.

In a specific embodiment variant of the invention, the lens ring itself is embodied as an optical waveguide, wherein a portion of the rays emitted by the light emitting diodes in light cones is coupled into the lens ring at the collar facing the vertex of the concave mirror, totally reflected at the transparent spherical layer of the lens ring and at the radiation-side collar is decoupled by means of prisms as a functional beam. In this case, a brightly lit, inside polygonal and outside round lens ring is the brand-specific identifying feature of a car headlight.

A headlight according to the invention has a central cooling channel which is designed either as a cooling channel open on both sides or as a closed cooling channel and accommodates the electric lines and circuits of the light-emitting diodes. A cooling channel made of copper or aluminum can form a phase for supplying power to the light emitting diodes and transmit the heat emitted by the light emitting diodes to an air flow on a heat transfer fluid. As a known heat exchanger, a heat pipe can be integrated into a sealed off on both sides relative to the atmosphere cooling channel, wherein a phase-changing working fluid transfers the heat from the LEDs via cooling fins on the outside of the heat pipe to the ambient air. A bilaterally open cooling channel can, for. B. record the shaft of a power tool or the shaft of a wiper for cleaning a headlight glass or the refill of a writing instrument or a water or air line. In the case of an annular headlight takes the cavity z. As a clock or a camera lens. To generate a parallel beam, the light-emitting diodes are arranged directly in the focal points of the lens ring. An embodiment of the invention provides to arrange light-emitting diodes with an offset to the focal points of the lens ring and to produce in this way either a divergent or a convergent beam. For the low-beam function of a car headlight, the LEDs are radiation side before the foci of the lens ring, in the case of a divergent beam z. B. for a fog lights staggered LEDs are provided behind the foci of the lens ring.

The light-emitting diodes themselves can be embodied either as single-chip LEDs or as multi-chip light-emitting diodes and can emit visible light of different colors as well as emit infrared radiation. The LEDs are mounted on a circuit board ring, the z. B. formed as a PCB ring (Printed Circuit Board) and the rear side is thermally conductively connected to the cooling channel. For optimum heat transfer, the circuit board ring is formed by double copper bonded (DCB) boards, which establish a direct electrical-thermal connection with the cooling channel via copper.

In a further embodiment variant of the invention, the lens ring and the associated light-emitting diodes are pivotably mounted about the focal point of the collimator, so that an angle of attack between the longitudinal central axis of the cooling channel and the optical axis of the headlamp arises. In this way, the luminance can be varied within the emitted by the headlamp parallel beam, so z. B. in a vehicle headlight, the low beam function is made possible with a very good illumination of the lane area immediately in front of the vehicle and the high beam function with a corresponding illumination of the remote from the vehicle areas of the road.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, it is provided to store a non-rotatable unit of the light-emitting diodes, the lens ring and the collimator in a spherical bearing, so z. For example, in a two-lane vehicle, the left and right headlamps can be independently rotated outward to achieve horizontal expansion of the lane area covered by the headlamps. Accordingly, the headlights can be tilted at different angles to the roadway to effect either low beam or high beam. Finally, such a ball headlight rotatably mounted in a spherical bearing is also able to follow the respective driving situation of the vehicle as cornering light. With a built-in laser beam, the distance to a vehicle ahead or to the edge of the road can be measured.

The collimator is formed either by a concave mirror or by a Fresnel lens. The rotationally symmetrical shape of the concave mirror has a conic curve. The preferred shape of the concave mirror is a paraboloid or an ellipsoid. If the collimator is formed by a Fresnel lens, the Fresnel lens can form the headlight glass and thereby be leveled or provided with a curvature in order to produce a functional beam corresponding to the respective function of the headlight.

A further embodiment of the invention consists in a staggered arrangement of a plurality of headlamps arranged concentrically to a common optical axis and widening in a funnel shape towards the front. The concentric staggering of several headlight units enables the Formation of a powerful, far-reaching headlamp, whose light source is formed by hundreds of light-emitting diodes and which has a range not previously reached.

The figures show different embodiments and applications of the invention.

Show it:

1 a headlamp with a deflected beam path in a meridionalen cross-sectional view

2 the headlight after 1 in a meridian section

3 the headlight after 1 - 2 in a horizontal section

4 a car headlight with a deflected beam path in a meridionalen cross-sectional view

5 the car headlights behind 4 in a meridian section

6 a headlight with a deflected beam path in a sectional perspective

7 a headlight with a deflected beam path in a sectional perspective

8th a headlight with a deflected beam path in a sectional perspective

9 the headlight after 8th in a meridional cutting perspective

10 a headlamp with a deflected beam path in a meridian section

11 the headlight after 18 in a meridional cutting perspective

12 a headlamp with a deflected beam path in a meridian section

13 the headlight after 10 in a horizontal section

fourteen a headlight with an annular housing in a meridian section

15 the headlight after 12 in a meridional cutting perspective

16 a headlight with a deflected beam path as a flashlight in a meridionalen cut perspective

17 a headlamp with a deflected beam path as an integral part of a drill in a detail perspective

18 a headlamp with a deflected beam path, which is integrated into a shower head, in a meridionalen cross-sectional perspective

19 a headlamp with a deflected beam path, which is integrated into the tip of a ballpoint pen, in a meridionalen cross-sectional perspective

20 a headlamp with a deflected beam path, which is integrated into the lens of a camera, in a meridian section

21 the headlight after 20 in a horizontal section

22 a headlight with a deflected beam path, which is integrated into a wristwatch, in a sectional perspective

1 shows a headlight 1 with a twice deflected beam path with the beams Sd, Sz, Sp. A total of six light-emitting diodes 12 are mounted on a hexagonal circuit board P and each emit a divergent beam Sd in a cone of light 120 standing on a lens ring 11 with plane facets 110 which each act as a converging lens and the divergent beams Sd, as in the 2 and 3 represented unite to a centered beam Sz. The collimator 10 as a concave mirror 100 facing side of the lens ring 11 is as a rotation surface 113 in the form of a transparent spherical layer 114 educated.

2 shows the headlight 1 to 1 in a meridian section along the optical axis O. The lens ring 11 is concentric with a radial distance to the focal point Z of the concave mirror 100 arranged. Six LEDs 12 are at the foci F1-F6 of the six plane facets 110 of the lens ring 11 arranged on a board ring P. The of the light-emitting diodes 12 in a cone of light 120 Divergent beams Sd emitted with an opening angle δ become on the plane-parallel facets 110 as well as in 3 shown in horizontal section, with an angle of incidence α and a failure angle β broken and at one on the focal point Z of the concave mirror 100 aligned, centered beams Sz united. The outer surface of the lens ring 11 consists of a transparent sphere layer 114 that the centered beam Sz without change of direction on that of the lens ring 11 radially spaced concave mirror 100 which, in turn, reflects the centered beam Sz as a parallel beam Sp. The light-emitting diodes 12 are on a circuit board ring P on a radiation side closed cooling channel fourteen z. B. made of copper or aluminum, in which the electrical lines with anode (+) and cathode (-) for switching the light-emitting diodes 12 be guided. The cooling channel fourteen becomes the derivative of the light emitting diodes 12 resulting heat flows through air or water as the heat transfer medium.

3 shows the headlight 1 to 1 and 2 in a horizontal section through the focal point Z of the concave mirror 100 , Also in the horizontal section of the light-emitting diodes 12 in cones of light 120 each with an opening angle δ radiated beam Sd on the plane facets 110 of the lens ring 11 broken and at one to the focal point Z of the concave mirror 100 centered bundle of rays Sz united.

4 shows a headlight 1 for a vehicle in a meridionalischen cut perspective with the representation of a doubly deflected beam path, wherein the light-emitting diodes 12 each in light cones 120 emitted divergent beam Sd on the plane facets 110 of the lens ring 11 to meet. At the flat facets 110 the divergent beams Sd are refracted and, as in 5 shown in meridian section, at one on the focal point Z of the concave mirror 100 centered bundle of rays Sz united. The centered beam Sz is at the of a concave mirror 100 formed collimator 10 reflected as a parallel beam Sp. Part of the light-emitting diodes 12 in a cone of light 120 emitted rays is emitted by prisms 130 by total reflection in the lens ring 11 coupled to the transparent sphere layer 114 totally reflected and on the radiation-side collar 13 over refractive prisms 130 as a functional beam Sf decoupled again. The light-emitting diodes 12 are summarized on a board ring P and stand on its back in a thermally conductive contact with a cooling channel open on both sides fourteen , which is the drive shaft of a wiper W for the headlight lens 160 receives.

5 shows the meridian section of the in 4 described headlamps 1 , As in 4 shown are six light-emitting diodes 12 concentric with the focal point Z of the concave mirror 100 arranged on a board ring P. The centered beam Sz is from the concave mirror 100 reflected in a parallel to the optical axis O beam Sp. For the dipped beam of the car headlamp, with an offset V to the foci F1-F6 of the lens ring 11 arranged, offset LEDs 12 provided, the divergent beam Sd each at the flat-plane facets 110 and on the transparent sphere layer 114 of the lens ring 11 be refracted and as a functional beam Sf from the upper half of the concave mirror 100 be reflected as dipped beam. The lens ring 11 is at a radial distance to the focal point Z of the concave mirror 100 arranged and forms a light guide L, in which a divergent beam Sd partially via totally reflecting prisms 130 in the lens ring 11 coupled, on the inside of the transparent spherical layer 114 totally reflected and over a radiation-side collar 13 with refractive prisms 130 as a functional beam Sf is decoupled again. The schematic meridian section shows a headlamp housing 16 , by a cooling channel opened to the atmosphere on both sides fourteen is traversed and the drive shaft 140 a rotating wiper W for cleaning the headlight glass 160 receives.

6 shows the components of a headlamp 1 in which one with 16 light emitting diodes 12 occupied board ring P on the surface of a cooling channel open on both sides fourteen is arranged. The light-emitting diodes 12 are in the foci F1-F16 of the lens ring 11 arranged and emit light cone each 120 as divergent beams Sd, which are at the 16 flat facets 110 of the lens ring 11 be broken and united into a centered beam Sz. The deflection of the beam Sd, Sz, Sp allows a transverse to the optical axis O flat design of the headlamp 1 and the formation of a bilaterally open, media-flow-through cooling channel fourteen ,

7 shows a headlight 1 with a concave mirror 100 as a collimator 10 in a cutaway perspective. A total of eight LEDs 12 are concentric with the focal point Z of the concave mirror 100 arranged on the surface of a rhombic cuboctahedron. The of the light-emitting diodes 12 in cones of light 120 emitted divergent beams Sd encounter convex facets 111 of the lens ring 11 with a transparent sphere layer 114 , which is expanded in this embodiment to a transparent sphere. That on the focal point Z of the concave mirror 100 centered beams Sz is defined by refraction at the convex facets 111 of the lens ring 11 made and from the concave mirror 100 reflected as a parallel beam Sp. The lens ring 11 is integrated into a ball that is in a spherical bearing 115 is mounted pivotably, so that the light intensity of the parallel beam Sp can be varied. In this case, the longitudinal center axis x of the cooling channel fourteen an angle of attack φ with respect to the optical axis O of the headlamp 1 on.

8th shows a headlight 1 in which 32 light-emitting diodes 12 in two layers concentric with the focal point Z of the collimator 10 in the form of a concave mirror 100 are arranged. The transparent sphere layer 114 of the lens ring 11 is extended to a glass ball and shows on her the light-emitting diodes 12 facing inside 32 plane facets 110 , which are arranged in two facet layers. The lens ring 11 is in a dome camp 115 stored and can within a defined pivoting range with an angle φ, as in 9 shown, are pivoted relative to the optical axis O, so that the luminance of the concave mirror 100 reflected parallel beam Sp can vary.

9 shows the headlight 1 to 8th in a meridian section. The plane-like facets 110 of the lens ring 11 are arranged in two facet layers having an inclination angle λ with respect to the longitudinal center axis x of the cooling channel fourteen exhibit. The 32 light emitting diodes 12 are respectively in the foci F1-F32 of the lens ring 11 arranged. The transparent sphere layer 114 of the lens ring 11 has a radial distance to the focal point Z of the concave mirror 100 on. By pivoting the lens ring 11 in the calotte camp 115 is the luminance of the headlight 1 emitted parallel beam Sp varies. The swivel range of the spherical bearing 115 is defined by the angle of attack φ.

10 shows a headlight 1 in which the collimator 10 from a Fresnel lens 101 is formed and the facets of the lens ring 11 one of the number of LEDs 12 corresponding plurality of stepped facets 112 exhibit. A total of 16 LEDs 12 are at foci F1-F16 of the 16 step facets 112 arranged and emit each a divergent beam Sd in a cone of light 120 , The stepped facets 112 of the lens ring 11 transform the divergent beam Sd to a focal point Z of the Fresnel lens 101 centered radiation beam Sz. The radiation side arranged Fresnel lens 101 In contrast to the embodiment shown, the Fresnel lens can also be formed arched and have a different shape from the circular shape, so that a functional, z. B. horizontally expanded, beam Sf can be produced. The lens ring 11 is mounted in this embodiment on the inside of a glass ball, which is in a spherical bearing 115 can be moved freely with a maximum angle of attack φ to direct the parallel beam Sp in different directions.

11 shows the twice deflected beam path of the headlight 1 to 18 with the beams Sd, Sz, Sp in a perspective sectional view. That of 16 light-emitting diodes 12 emitted light can by means of the spherical bearing 115 be directed as a parallel beam Sp in any direction. The the lens ring 11 receiving glass ball can be subjected to a vacuum, in which case the on the LEDs 12 accumulating heat from one in the cooling channel fourteen is derived with flow and return circulating heat transfer fluid.

12 shows a headlight 1 for a vehicle with a spherical housing 16 that in a calf camp 115 is mounted pivotably with an arbitrarily adjustable angle φ. The concave mirror 100 lies as a mirror layer on the surface of revolution 113 of the lens ring 11 and is in the spherical housing 16 of the headlight 1 embedded. Each of the six in the foci F1-F6 of the lens ring 11 arranged light-emitting diodes 12 is a plane facet 110 assigned to the of the light-emitting diodes 12 emitted divergent beam Sd and refracted to a focus Z of the concave mirror 100 centered beams Sz are united to at the concave mirror 100 to be reflected as a parallel beam Sp. The six plane facets 110 of the lens ring 11 are in a facet layer parallel to the optical axis O of the collimator 10 arranged and form together with the housing 16 a cavity into which the cooling channel fourteen protrudes. The radiation-side collar 13 of the hexagonal lens ring 11 is divided into six radial sectors, five of which are formed as flat surfaces and the sixth sector is a prism 130 to realize the fog lamp function with the functional beam Sf carries. The parallel beams Sp can be rotated by turning the headlight 1 more or less inclined to the roadway to produce either low or high beam.

13 shows the headlight 1 to 12 in a horizontal section through the focal point Z of the concave mirror 100 , Six LEDs 12 are in the foci F1-F6 of the lens ring 11 arranged. A middle beam Sm of a light emitting diode 12 emitted divergent beam Sd traverses the plane facet 110 in its optical center M without being broken thereby. All others, from a light-emitting diode 12 in a cone of light 120 Divergent beams Sd emitted with an opening angle δ become on the plane-parallel facets 110 each with an angle of incidence α and an angle of reflection β to one on the focal point Z of the collimator 10 centered bundle of rays Sz and united by the concave mirror 100 , as in 12 shown reflected as a parallel beam Sp. The prism 130 in one of the six sectors of the lens ring 11 serves as in 12 shown, the horizontal expansion of the field of view of the headlamp 1 as a fog lamp.

fourteen shows a headlight 1 , whose headlight housing 16 from a ring 15 in the form of a ring torus, which forms a cavity 150 encloses. All in all 16 on a board ring P combined light-emitting diodes 12 are at the foci F1-F16 of the plane facets 110 of the lens ring 11 arranged. The collimator 10 lies as a concave mirror 100 on the outer surface of revolution 113 of the lens ring 11 , Each in light cones 120 emitted divergent beam Sd of the light-emitting diodes 12 be on the lens ring 11 broken and focused on the focal point Z of the collimator 10 centered bundle of rays Sz united. The radiation-side collar 13 of the lens ring 11 is formed as a flat surface, so that the parallel beams Sp the headlight glass 160 traverse without changing direction.

15 shows the in fourteen described headlights 1 in a cutaway perspective. That as a ring 15 trained headlamp housing 16 has the shape of a ring torus. By the collimation of all light rays to a parallel beam Sp, this headlamp is suitable for a wide variety of tasks and can be designed both as a battery-powered, mains-independent headlamp and with mains connection. The ring 15 can be made in a variety of sizes from an elastic material and z. B. be slipped over a bottleneck or an air or water pipe.

16 shows a headlight 1 as a flashlight. In the cooling channel fourteen a radiator side mounted actuator button is integrated with the four concentric with the unspecified focus of the collimator 10 arranged light-emitting diodes 12 be switched on and off. The lens ring 11 has four plane facets 110 and a transparent ball layer 114 as outer surface. The of the light-emitting diodes 12 emitted, divergent beam Sd be on the plane facets 110 broken and one at the focus of the concave mirror 100 centered beam Sz united at the concave mirror 100 reflected and emitted in a parallel beam Sp. In the handle of the flashlight is a battery compartment.

17 shows the front section of a cordless screwdriver. Concentric with the receiving device for the respective tool is a headlight 1 integrated into the housing of the cordless screwdriver, which throws a parallel beam Sp on the einzudrehenden screw head. The parallel beam Sp is from a collimator 10 reflected, as a concave mirror 100 directly on the outer surface of revolution 113 a lens ring 11 is arranged. In the foci F1-F6 of the six plane facets 110 of the lens ring 11 are six light emitting diodes 12 arranged, each emitting a divergent beam Sd, which at the plane-faceted facets 110 broken and at one to the focal point Z of the concave mirror 100 aligned centered beam Sz is transformed so that the concave mirror 100 reflected a parallel beam Sp. The light-emitting diodes 12 are summarized on a board ring P, which is the cooling channel fourteen surrounds and the shaft 140 of the cordless screwdriver. The deflected beam path of the headlamp 1 with the beams Sd, Sz, Sp corresponds to the in the 12 and 13 described in detail.

18 shows a headlight 1 integrated into a shower head and in its construction the in 6 corresponds to the example described. The cooling channel fourteen supplied as a water pipe 142 the unspecified water nozzles of the shower head, while the housing 16 on its inside as a concave mirror 100 is formed with a focal point Z. Concentric about the focal point Z is the lens ring 11 arranged and has on its the light-emitting diodes 12 facing inside 16 plane facets 110 on. The light-emitting diodes 12 are in the foci F1-F16 of the lens ring 11 arranged. The deflected beam path with the beams Sd, Sz, Sp corresponds to the in 6 example described. With a schematically illustrated operating button at the apex of the shower head, the light emitting diodes 12 switched on and off. The collimator 10 in the form of the concave mirror 100 reflects a parallel beam Sp parallel to the water jets of the shower head. The light-emitting diodes 12 can emit light in different colors.

19 shows the integration of a headlight according to the invention 1 in a writing instrument. The cooling channel fourteen take the mine 141 z. B. a pen on. Four LEDs 12 are in the foci F1-F4 of the four plane facets 110 of the lens ring 11 arranged so that the divergent beams Sd on the facets 110 broken and one at the focus of the concave mirror 100 centered beams Sz are united. The concave mirror 100 lies directly on the surface of revolution 113 of the lens ring 11 and directs the parallel beam Sp into a cone 132 , as the light guide L the collar 13 of the lens ring 11 forms. After multiple total reflection on the walls of the cone 132 becomes a functional beam Sf from the cone 132 decoupled and illuminates a limited field concentric to the mine 141 of the writing instrument. The lens ring 11 and the cone 132 form in this embodiment the tip of a ballpoint pen and are made in one piece as a transparent injection-molded part.

20 shows the meridian section through the front part of a camera lens 152 with a headlight 1 that as a ring 15 is formed and one of the camera lens 152 occupied cavity 150 encloses. A total of 24 LEDs 12 emit divergent beams Sd in cones of light 120 on 24 plane facets 110 of the lens ring 11 , At the flat facets 110 the divergent beams Sd are refracted and focused on the focal point Z of the collimator 10 centered bundle of rays Sz united. The collimator 10 forms as a concave mirror 100 the outer surface of revolution 113 of the lens ring 11 and reflects a parallel beam Sp. The collar 13 of the lens ring 11 has lens 131 which, as a diverging lens, expands the parallel beam Sp into a functional beam Sf in order to illuminate the subject detected by the wide-angle lens camera.

21 shows the camera lens 20 in a horizontal section through the focal point Z of the collimator 10 , In the 24 focal points F1-F24 of the 24 plane facets 110 of the lens ring 11 are 24, arranged on a board ring P LEDs 12 , each emit a divergent beam Sd, which at the planar facets 110 broken and at one to the focal point Z of the concave mirror 100 centered beams Sz are united. The reflection of the centered beam Sz at the as a concave mirror 100 trained collimator 10 comes from 20 out.

22 shows a wristwatch with an integrated headlight 1 , in which twelve light-emitting diodes 12 in a ring 15 are arranged, the one interior 150 encloses, in which the clockwork, not shown sits. The watch glass is as a headlight glass 160 Part of the housing 16 for the headlight 1 and the clock 151 , The lens ring 11 has 12 plane facets 110 on, at which the of the light-emitting diodes 12 emitted divergent beam Sd and refracted to a focus Z of the concave mirror 100 centered beams Sz are united. At the of the concave mirror 100 on the rotation surface 113 formed collimator 10 the centered beam Sz is aligned to a parallel beam Sp and radiated perpendicular to the watch glass. By pressing a push button on the housing 16 can all twelve light emitting diodes 12 be turned on, so that the wristwatch in the manner of a flashlight can radiate a far-reaching light beam. In a further circuit, it is provided that every hour on the hour one of the twelve light-emitting diodes 12 lights up and signals the time with a light beam. Further design options of the headlamp 1 concern z. B. a direction indicator with compass function. The batteries for the headlight 1 can be integrated into the watch strap. Reference numeral Overview headlights 1 Optical axis O collimator 10 Parallel beam sp concave mirror 100 focus Z Fresnel lens 101 lens ring 11 Centered beam sz Plane plane facet 110 foci F1-Fn Convex facet 111 Stufenfacette 112 surface of revolution 113 Longitudinal central axis x Transparent sphere layer 114 Spherical Bearings 115 angle of attack φ led 12 Divergent beam sd Offset LED 12 offset V light cone 120 opening angle δ collar 13 Functional beam sf prism 130 lens 131 cone 132 cooling channel fourteen platinum ring P wave 140 Optical center M mine 141 Middle ray sm water pipe 142 optical fiber L ring 15 angle of incidence α cavity 150 angle of reflection β Clock 151 tilt angle λ camera lens 152 anode (+) casing 16 cathode (-) headlight glass 160 wiper W

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 102013013411 A1 [0005]
• DE 102007008403 A1 [0006]
• DE 19860461 A1 [0007]
• DE 102009021353 A1 [0008]
• DE 602004007318 T2 [0009]
• US 2008/0316760 A1 [0010]
• DE 602005000798 T2 [0011]
• DE 2006046438 B4 [0012]

Claims (10)

Headlights ( 1 ), which in a beam path which is deflected at least twice, formed by the radiation beams (Sd, Sz, Sp), has a beam (Sp) parallel to its optical axis (O) or a respective function of the headlight ( 1 ) adapted beam (Sf) emits which headlight ( 1 ) from a collimator ( 10 ) with a focal point (Z), a lens ring ( 11 ), of a plurality each with a predetermined radial distance to the focal point (Z) of the collimator ( 10 ) arranged light emitting diodes ( 12 ) as light sources and from a housing ( 16 ), and which lens ring ( 11 ) concentric with the focal point (Z) of the collimator ( 10 ) and on its focal point (Z) facing, polygonal inside a plurality of facets ( 110 - 112 ), each having foci (F1-Fn) associated therewith, while its the collimator ( 10 ) facing outside of a biaxially curved surface of revolution ( 113 ) and the inside and the outside of the lens ring ( 11 ) each by a collar ( 13 ) are interconnected, and which light emitting diodes ( 12 ) in the foci (F1-Fn) of the lens ring ( 11 ) are arranged and in each case a divergent beam (Sd) with an opening angle (δ) transverse to the optical axis (O) of the headlamp ( 1 ) on a facet ( 110 - 112 ) of the lens ring ( 11 ), wherein the divergent radiation beams (Sd) on the facets ( 110 - 112 ) of the lens ring ( 11 ) with an angle of incidence (α) and an angle of reflection (β) and at a focus (Z) of the collimator ( 10 ) centered bundle of rays (Sz). Headlights ( 1 ) according to claim 1, wherein the collimator ( 10 ) of a concave mirror ( 100 ) or from a Fresnel lens ( 101 ) is formed, wherein the concave mirror ( 100 ) either radially from the lens ring ( 11 ) and the surface of revolution ( 113 ) as a transparent spherical layer ( 114 ) is formed, or the concave mirror ( 100 ) directly on the surface of revolution ( 113 ), wherein the surface of revolution ( 113 ) has a conic curve and as a paraboloid or ellipsoid or hyperboloid or with a spherical or one of said surfaces of revolution ( 113 ) is formed composite form. Headlights ( 1 ) according to claim 1, wherein a facet ( 110 - 112 ) of the lens ring ( 11 ) either as a planar facet ( 110 ) or as a convex facet ( 111 ) or as a stepped facet ( 112 ) or is designed as a freeform facet and the facets ( 110 - 112 ) are arranged in at least one ring arrangement parallel or with a tilt angle (λ) to the optical axis (O). Headlights ( 1 ) according to claim 1, wherein the lens ring ( 11 ) and the light-emitting diodes ( 12 ) form a non-rotatable unit in a concentric with the focal point (Z) of the collimator ( 10 ) arranged spherical bearings ( 115 ) is rotatably mounted within a defined pivoting range with an angle of attack (φ). Headlights ( 1 ) according to claim 1, wherein the housing ( 16 ) a concentric and coaxial with the optical axis (O) of the collimator ( 10 ) arranged, flow-through cooling channel ( fourteen ), the electric lines for power supply and switching of the light emitting diodes ( 12 ) with anode (+) and cathode (-) receives and in addition either a wave ( 140 ) for an electric or compressed air driven tool or a shaft ( 140 ) for a wiper (W) for cleaning the headlight glass ( 160 ) or a mine ( 141 ) for a writing instrument or a water pipe ( 142 ) z. B. for a shower head or an air line z. B. for a vacuum cleaner. Headlights ( 1 ) according to claim 1, wherein a collar ( 13 ) into one of the number of facets ( 110 - 112 ) is subdivided by a plurality of radial sectors, wherein at least one sector has an optical element for generating a functional beam (Sf) and the optical element either from a refractive or totally reflecting prism ( 130 ) or by a convex or concave lens ( 131 ) or of a sector-comprising, light-guiding cone ( 132 ) is formed. Headlights ( 1 ) according to claim 1, wherein the lens ring ( 11 ) is formed as a light guide (L), wherein the two collars ( 13 ) of the lens ring ( 11 ) each prisms ( 130 ) and a part of a light emitting diode ( 12 ) in a light cone ( 120 ) emitted beam (Sd) via totally reflecting prisms ( 130 ) on a collar ( 13 ), at the inside of the transparent spherical layer ( 114 ) and on the other collar ( 13 ) of the lens ring ( 11 ) via refractive prisms ( 130 ) is decoupled as a functional beam (Sf). Headlights ( 1 ) according to claim 1, wherein in addition to the light-emitting diodes ( 12 ) offset LEDs ( 12 ) are provided, which are arranged with an offset (V) to the focal points (F1-Fn), so that at a Headlights ( 1 ) For a vehicle a functional beam (Sf) z. B. as low beam, high beam, flashing or fog light is generated. Headlights ( 1 ) according to claim 1, wherein the collar ( 13 ) of the lens ring ( 11 ) a cone ( 132 ) with tapered walls and the parallel beam (Sp) in the cone ( 132 ) coupled to the walls of the cone ( 132 ) is repeatedly totally reflected and coupled out at an acute angle to the optical axis (O) as a functional beam (Sf), wherein the cone ( 132 ) as a light guide (L) z. B. for a writing instrument with mine ( 141 ) or is designed for the drill of a dentist. Headlights ( 1 ) according to claim 1, wherein the headlight ( 1 ) a ring ( 15 ) having a cavity ( 150 ) encloses the z. B. a clockwork or a mobile phone or a camera lens ( 152 ), whereby in the case of a clock ( 151 ) and / or a mobile phone twelve light-emitting diodes ( 12 ) are switched on and off at every full hour and the light-emitting diodes ( 12 ) are switched on to emit a far-reaching parallel beam (Sp) and in the case of a camera lens ( 152 ) a functional beam (Sf) enables the illumination of a target.

Images