DE102014218386A1 - Valve for a regulation of volume flows - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a valve (101) for adjusting or regulating volume flows with a housing (201) having at least one inlet (202, 203, 204, 205, B, 406, 407, 409) and at least one outlet (202, 203 , 204, 205, A, C, D, 406, 407, 409), and with at least one valve body (301, 302, 401, 402) rotatably arranged in the housing (201) about an axis of rotation, the outer surface of which is in the form of a Partial surface of the surface of a rotationally symmetrical about this axis axis body whose largest dimension in the radial direction is greater than its largest dimension in the axial direction.

Description

Technical area

The invention relates to a valve which can be driven in particular electrically for adjusting or regulating volume flows, in particular in a heating and / or cooling system of a motor vehicle, in particular according to the preamble of claim 1.

State of the art

In today's motor vehicles, thermal management of cooling systems plays an important role, especially with regard to reducing fuel consumption, saving CO ₂ emissions and increasing comfort. Depending on the thermal requirement, fluid flows are switched or regulated, for example with a coolant setting during warm-up or as a function of the load conditions of the internal combustion engine, whereby a partial load operation permits higher coolant conditions than operation under full load. In this case, the control valve determines which proportion of the cooling fluid circulates through the radiator circuit and which portion flows past it in the short circuit. In addition, secondary circuits, such as a transmission oil circuit, a motor oil circuit and / or a heating circuit can be switched or regulated.

A fast, temperature-independent control or circuit is particularly advantageous for the optimization of the injection parameters of an internal combustion engine, the rapid cooling down of the engine under full load, including preventing the tendency to knock or for component protection, and thus for the increase in performance of internal combustion engines. However, the verification of the functional capability or the presence of components, a forward-looking thermal management, for example in a driver profile identification, road profile detection, and the like are possible with such a scheme or circuit and thus ultimately allow optimization of fuel consumption and a reduction in CO ₂ - emissions.

For switching and regulating the fluid flows motor-driven, in particular electrically driven, valves of different types are used.

The DE 35 16 502 C2 discloses a powered by a DC stepper motor coolant control valve and a temperature control device for the coolant of internal combustion engines, with a leading from the engine to the radiator feed line, leading from the radiator back to the engine return line and a two-line connecting bypass line, wherein in the flow line and bypass line or in the return line and bypass line a controlling this coolant control valve is arranged, which is adjustable by means of a motor-operated actuator, and wherein the actuator is assigned a controlling this control element, the individual sensors detected by map characteristics, at least the coolant temperature and in particular the outside temperature, are supplied in which the actuator consists of a switchable in the direction of rotation and thus associated with this valve actuation direction, designed as a DC stepper motor, Electric motor consists whose actuator is connected to the actuator output geared to the valve closure member of the coolant control valve.

The writings DE 10 127 711 B4 . DE 198 34 575 B4 . EP 1 108 867 A2 and EP 06 39 736 B1 describe rotary valves in which the inflow and outflow of the coolant takes place radially to the axis of rotation. The doctrine of EP 0 639 736 B1 uses the outer contour of the valve body for its rotation angle-dependent opening characteristic, the other two writings the inner contour, wherein EP 1 108 867 A2 not only has one or more penetrations (through-holes) of the valve body, but is also open to Manlelfläche out.

The writings DE 41 25 366 C1 . DE 10 351 852 A1 and DE 198 49 492 B4 turn turn turn valves, in which the flow is axial and the outflow (s) of the coolant radially (or vice versa).

The DE 41 25 366 C1 discloses a 3/2-way valve, in particular for liquid circuits in vehicles, with an adjustable by means of electric valve spool, which blocks in a first end position a first flow path through the valve, in a second end position blocks a second flow path through the valve, and in intermediate layers the two flow paths with selectable volume flow ratio releases, characterized in that the valve slide has a shape such that in all intermediate layers, the sum of the two volume flows is substantially constant; and that an electromotive actuator is provided for the valve spool.

The DE 10 2006 053 310 A1 describes a valve for controlling volumetric flows in a heating and / or cooling system of a motor vehicle, with a valve housing, from which an inlet channel and an outlet channel branch off, with a, arranged in the valve housing, rotatable about the axis of a drive shaft, Disc-shaped valve body for flow control, whose Valve body has passage openings with rotation angle-dependent opening characteristic.

The US 5,950,576 A describes a rotary valve having a valve body having a plurality of inlet channels and outlet channels spaced about an axis, the valve body including a circular sidewall and a first circular end wall terminating an axial end of the sidewall. Each of the channels interrupts at least the first end wall and communicates with the interior of the valve body.

The DE 10 2006 050 826 B4 describes rotary valve with multiple Querschnittsverstellgliedern, wherein the Querschnittsverstellglieder are assigned to different rotary elements, which are each operatively connected to each other via a rotary gear, and wherein the rotary gear is formed as a reduction gear.

Disc-shaped, cylindrical or spherical valve bodies are used for the valves described which regulate the volume flows through their outer contour or through their inner contour (holes, openings). The control of the valves is usually carried out electrically via DC motors, stepper motors or brushless DC motors.

Presentation of the invention, object, solution, advantages

It is the object of the invention to provide an in particular electrically drivable valve for adjusting or regulating volume flows, in particular in a heating and / or cooling system of a motor vehicle, which is simple in construction and requires as little installation space as possible. It is also the object to provide a method for controlling volume flows, which allows a simple and accurate control.

This object to the valve is achieved with the features of claim 1. The object of the method is achieved by a method according to claim 14. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of dependent claims.

An embodiment of the invention relates to a valve for adjusting or regulating volumetric flows of fluids, in particular of liquids or gases, having a housing with at least one inlet and at least one outlet and with at least one valve body rotatably arranged in the housing about an axis of rotation, in which the outer surface of at least one first valve body has the shape of a partial surface of the surface of a body rotationally symmetrical about this axis of rotation, whose largest dimension in the radial direction is greater than its largest dimension in the axial direction.

In the context of the description of the present invention, the outer surface of a valve body is to be understood as that part of the surface of the valve body which the surface of the valve body has in common with the surface of the smallest body enveloping the valve body and rotationally symmetrical about this axis of rotation. In some valve body shapes, the outer surface thus defined coincides with the so-called lateral surface.

Examples of such rotationally symmetrical bodies are spheres which are flattened in the axial direction, in particular spherical layers (also called spherical zones or occasionally also "spherical segments"), in particular those spherical layers which are mirror-symmetrical about the equatorial plane. By definition, a spherical layer is formed from a sphere by removing a spherical cap or two axially symmetrically arranged spherical caps. By definition, a spherical layer which is mirror-symmetrical about the equatorial plane is formed from a sphere by removing two axially symmetrically arranged mutually mirror-symmetrical, ie in particular equal, spherical caps. Also spherical caps are sometimes called "spherical segments", although they are different from spherical layers.

Other examples of such rotationally symmetrical bodies are "oval" deformed spheres or "oval" deformed spherical layers or compressed in the axial direction ellipsoids. All of these rotationally symmetrical bodies have the common property that their largest dimension in the radial direction is greater than their largest dimension in the axial direction.

Thus, the largest dimension of a spherical layer in the axial direction by its height, so given by the distance between the two base surfaces of the ball remote ball caps, which is smaller than the ball diameter in each case and smaller than the diameter of the larger base of the the ball remote ball caps, if not the ball diameter, but the diameter of one of the base surfaces is equal to the largest dimension of the ball layer in the radial direction. This also applies in the event that only one ball cap has been removed from the ball.

Such valve bodies preferably have bores, through holes, recesses or penetrations through which the volume flow of the fluid flowing through the valve is regulated. Instead of or in addition to the holes can be one or more, the valve body penetrating or non-penetrating openings and / or recesses may be present. The valve body may be open or closed at its front side. The surfaces of these bores, openings or recesses in the sense of the description of the present invention belong to the inner surface of the valve body which does not coincide with parts of the surface of the body rotationally symmetrical about this axis of rotation.

The valve body penetrating holes, through holes or penetrations define the so-called inner contour of the valve body. The not penetrating the valve body recesses define together with its outer surface, the outer contour of the valve body. The valve body can regulate the volume flows through the inlets and / or outlets by its outer contour and / or its inner contour and by its rotation about the axis of rotation. An expedient shaping of the outer contour and / or the inner contour allows, inter alia, low pressure losses and very good minimum flow control. Depending on the design, an interruption of the entire volume flow can also be achieved by closing all or certain inlets and / or the outlets, and thus the standing coolant that is advantageous for warming up can be realized.

Preferably, a valve according to the invention has an axially symmetrical arrangement of a plurality, ie in particular of two, three or more valve bodies on the axis of rotation, in particular on the drive shaft, of the valve. Of these valve bodies, all, some or only a valve body may have the property that its outer surface has the shape of a partial surface of the surface of a rotationally symmetric about this axis body whose largest dimension in the radial direction is greater than its largest dimension in the axial direction. The more valve bodies possess this property, the greater the space-saving property of these flattened or "oval" valve bodies will have in the sense of the problem to be solved, because the reduced axial dimensions of the valve body in the axial direction, the more space can be saved , The greater the number of compressed in the axial direction or capped valve body.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the outer surface of the at least one first valve body in the form of a partial surface of the surface of a flattened in the axial direction ball. The flattening of the ball can be done by removing the ball caps of a ball (which are sometimes referred to as spherical segments) or by a deformation, in particular by a compression of the ball in the axial direction or carried out.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the outer surface of the at least one first valve body has the shape of a partial surface of the surface of an axially compressed ellipsoid of revolution.

The inlets and / or outlets of the valve housing may be arranged in particular in the radial and / or axial direction, and the bores and / or penetrations of the valve body may in particular extend in the radial and / or axial direction and partially communicate with each other, so that radial and / or axial volume flows through one or more valve bodies are made possible.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the valve has at least one flat, preferably annular, seal for sealing an inlet and / or an outlet with respect to the valve body, the material preferably contains a sliding friction-reducing additive, preferably polytetrafluoroethylene, or one with the sliding friction reducing material is coated. Under a planar seal is a seal to understand, which has substantially the shape of a flat, planar body, such as the shape of a flat ring or a flat surface with recesses (so-called flat gasket).

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the valve body or at least one of the valve body of a sprayable material or comprises such a material, which preferably contains a plastic, comprises or consists of a plastic, and is sprayed onto a shaft and / or by molding or adhesion is connected to this shaft. The valve body is sprayed onto a preferably made of steel shaft, which may have shaft end, which may be molded. Alternatively, there is the possibility that an at least partially continuous shaft is present, on which the valve body is preferably applied axially displaceable.

On the shaft may be an outer contour or an inner contour, which is a positive connection to a particular electric drive.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the injectable material comprises a plastic or consists of or comprises a plastic, which preferably contains or comprises glass fibers in a proportion of between 10% and 70%.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the sprayable contains Material at least one sliding friction-reducing additive, preferably polytetrafluoroethylene.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the valve body on a control link, which is provided with an insertion bevel, which is preferably elliptical to the axis of rotation.

With regard to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the valve has a sealing body, which is provided with an insertion bevel, which preferably runs elliptically to the axis of rotation. Preferably, the sealing body is pressed by means of resilient means, preferably with a compression spring against a control contour of the valve body.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the valve has a neck, which is sealed relative to the sealing body with the aid of an elastomer, which optionally may additionally act as a resilient means.

According to an equally preferred embodiment of the invention, the valve has an inlet and three outlets, wherein an inlet and an outlet are configured and / or adapted to be connected to the short circuit of a heating and / or cooling system of a motor vehicle, and that the Both other outlets are designed and / or set up to be connected to the heating circuit or to the radiator circuit of this heating and / or cooling system.

In a further preferred embodiment, the valve has two regulated inlets and two regulated outlets, as well as any number of unregulated inlets and outlets.

Preferably, the valve has an electric drive.

An embodiment of the invention relates to a valve method for adjusting or regulating volume flows in a heating and / or cooling system of a motor vehicle, said heating and / or cooling system having a heating circuit, a cooler circuit and a short circuit, wherein a valve with a housing with an inlet and three outlets and with at least one valve body rotatably arranged in the housing about a rotation axis controls the volume flows whose outer surface has the shape of a partial surface of the surface of a rotationally symmetrical about this axis body whose largest dimension in the radial direction is greater than its largest dimension in the axial direction.

Preferably, in such a method, a valve according to one of the embodiments of the invention regulates the volume flows, wherein preferably a valve position is provided, which leads to an interruption of all flow rates in all circuits of the heating and / or cooling system.

Further advantageous embodiments of the invention are described by the following description of the figures.

Brief description of the figures

The invention will be explained in more detail on the basis of at least one embodiment with reference to the figures. Show it:

1 schematically an embodiment of a heating and / or cooling system with a valve according to the present invention;

2 schematically an embodiment of a valve according to the present invention;

3 schematically an embodiment of an arrangement of valve bodies in a valve according to the present invention;

4 schematically a sectional view of an embodiment of a valve according to the present invention.

Preferred embodiment of the invention

The in 1 shown heating and / or cooling system has a heating circuit 108 . 114 , a cooling circuit 112 . 113 and a short circuit 109 . 110 . 11 on. In the heating circuit, the cooling liquid flows from the outlet A of the valve 101 through the heating 107 to the pump 103 passing the fluid through the engine 102 from where it flows back to the inlet B of the valve. The pump 103 also transports liquid in the short circuit from outlet C to the engine 102 , Besides, the pump carries 103 also the liquid in the cooling circuit through the radiator 105 in which she is from a stream of air 106 It is cooled by a fan 104 is produced.

The valve 101 regulates the volume flows through the individual sub-circuits depending on the needs of the passengers and the technical requirements of the engine in particular with regard to its operating temperature. Depending on the design and arrangement of the bores and / or openings in the valve bodies can be achieved by closing the inlet B and / or the outlets A, C, D, an interruption of the total volume flow and thus the advantageous for warming standing coolant can be realized.

This in 2 illustrated embodiment of a valve according to the invention with the valve housing 201 has three radially directed inlets and / or outlets 202 . 203 . 204 on and an axially aligned inlet or outlet 205 ,

This in 3 illustrated embodiment of an inventive arrangement of valve bodies has a first valve body 301 and a second valve body 302 on. The largest dimensions of both valve bodies in the radial direction are greater than the respective largest dimensions of these valve bodies in the axial direction.

The second valve body has two openings 303 . 307 its outer surface, both of which lead into the interior of the valve body and are interconnected by such that a fluid can flow simultaneously through both openings, and thus through the valve, provided that the position of the openings due to the position of, in the guide 306 supported shaft of the valve with respect to the arrangement of the inlets and outlets of the housing allows. The first valve body has an opening 304 its outer surface.

With a view to 4 you can see that both valve bodies 401 . 402 this embodiment have the form of spherical layers, that is from around the axis of rotation 405 rotationally symmetric bodies, which can be thought of as arising by removing the opposite spherical caps from balls. The largest dimensions in the axial direction - ie in this case the heights - of both valve bodies are smaller than the respective largest dimensions of these valve bodies in the radial direction, which are given in this case by the respective ball diameters.

The fluid can, with appropriate position of the shaft 409 and with a suitable arrangement of the openings 403 . 404 through the inlets or outlets 406 . 407 and 408 flow.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 3516502 C2 [0005]
• DE 10127711 B4 [0006]
• DE 19834575 B4 [0006]
• EP 1108867 A2 [0006, 0006]
• EP 0639736 B1 [0006, 0006]
• DE 4125366 C1 [0007, 0008]
• DE 10351852 A1 [0007]
• DE 19849492 B4 [0007]
• DE 102006053310 A1 [0009]
• US 5950576A [0010]
• DE 102006050826 B4 [0011]

Claims (15)

Valve ( 101 ) for adjusting or regulating volume flows with a housing ( 201 ) with at least one inlet ( 202 . 203 . 204 . 205 , B, 406 . 407 . 409 ) and at least one outlet ( 202 . 203 . 204 . 205 , A, C, D, 406 . 407 . 409 ), and at least one in the housing ( 201 ) about a rotation axis ( 405 ) rotatably arranged valve body ( 301 . 302 . 401 . 402 ), characterized in that the outer surface of at least one first valve body ( 301 . 302 . 401 . 402 ) the shape of a partial surface of the surface of a about this axis of rotation ( 405 ) Has rotationally symmetrical body whose largest dimension in the radial direction is greater than its largest dimension in the axial direction. Valve ( 101 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer surface of the at least one first valve body ( 301 . 302 . 401 . 402 ) the shape of a partial surface of the surface of a flattened in the axial direction ball ( 305 ) having. Valve ( 101 ) according to claim 2, characterized in that the outer surface of the at least one first valve body ( 301 . 302 . 401 . 402 ) has the shape of a partial surface of the surface of an axially compressed ellipsoid of revolution. Valve ( 101 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by at least one flat, preferably annular, seal for sealing an inlet ( 202 . 203 . 204 . 205 , B, 406 . 407 . 409 ) and / or an outlet ( 202 . 203 . 204 . 205 , A, C, D, 406 . 407 . 409 ) relative to the valve body ( 301 . 302 . 401 . 402 ), whose material preferably contains a sliding friction-reducing additive, preferably polytetrafluoroethylene, or which is coated with a sliding friction-reducing material. Valve ( 101 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the or at least one of the valve bodies ( 301 . 302 . 401 . 402 ) of a sprayable material, which preferably contains a plastic or consists of a plastic, on a shaft ( 409 ) is sprayed and / or is connected by form or adhesion with this wave. Valve ( 101 ) according to claim 5, characterized in that the sprayable material contains a plastic or consists of a plastic containing glass fibers, preferably in a proportion of between 10% and 70%. Valve ( 101 ) according to one of claims 5 or 6, characterized in that the sprayable material contains at least one sliding friction-reducing additive, preferably polytetrafluoroethylene. Valve ( 101 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the valve body ( 301 . 302 . 401 . 402 ) has a control link, which is provided with an insertion bevel, which is preferably elliptical to the axis of rotation ( 405 ) runs. Valve ( 101 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the valve ( 101 ) has a sealing body which is provided with an insertion bevel, which is preferably elliptical to the axis of rotation. Valve ( 101 ) according to claim 9, characterized in that the sealing body by means of resilient means, preferably with a compression spring, against a control contour of the valve body ( 301 . 302 . 401 . 402 ) is pressed. Valve ( 101 ) according to one of claims 10 or 11, characterized in that the valve ( 101 ) has a nozzle which is sealed relative to the sealing body with the aid of an elastomer. Valve ( 101 ) according to one of the preceding claims, having an inlet (B) and three outlets (A, C, D), characterized in that an inlet (B) and an outlet (C) are designed and / or arranged with the short circuit ( 109 . 110 . 111 ) of a heating and / or cooling system of a motor vehicle, and in that the two other outlets (A, D) are designed and / or set up with the heating circuit ( 108 ) or with the cooler circuit ( 113 . 114 ) of this heating and / or cooling system to be connected. Valve ( 101 ) according to one of the preceding claims with an electric drive. Method for adjusting or regulating volume flows in a heating and / or cooling system of a motor vehicle, this heating and / or cooling system comprising a heating circuit ( 108 ), a cooler circuit ( 112 . 113 . 114 ) and a short circuit ( 109 . 110 . 111 ), characterized in that a valve ( 101 ) with a housing ( 201 ) with an inlet (B) and three outlets (A, C, D) and with at least one valve body rotatably arranged in the housing about an axis of rotation ( 301 . 302 . 401 . 402 ) controls the volume flows whose outer surface has the shape of a partial surface of the surface of a rotationally symmetrical about this axis rotation body whose largest dimension in the radial direction is greater than its largest dimension in the axial direction. Method according to claim 14, characterized in that a valve ( 101 ) after one of the Claims 1 to 13 controls the flow rates, with a valve position is provided, which is to interrupt all flow rates in all circles ( 108 . 109 . 110 . 111 . 112 . 113 . 114 ) of the heating and / or cooling system leads.

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