DE102014203559B4 - Method and device for producing a material connection - Google Patents
Method and device for producing a material connection Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DE102014203559B4 DE102014203559B4 DE102014203559.7A DE102014203559A DE102014203559B4 DE 102014203559 B4 DE102014203559 B4 DE 102014203559B4 DE 102014203559 A DE102014203559 A DE 102014203559A DE 102014203559 B4 DE102014203559 B4 DE 102014203559B4
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- pressing element
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 29
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
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- B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
- B29C66/73921—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/7394—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoset
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
- B29C66/816—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the mounting of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
- B29C66/8161—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the mounting of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps said pressing elements being supported or backed-up by springs or by resilient material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/82—Pressure application arrangements, e.g. transmission or actuating mechanisms for joining tools or clamps
- B29C66/824—Actuating mechanisms
- B29C66/8242—Pneumatic or hydraulic drives
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/82—Pressure application arrangements, e.g. transmission or actuating mechanisms for joining tools or clamps
- B29C66/824—Actuating mechanisms
- B29C66/8246—Servomechanisms, e.g. servomotors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
- B29C66/912—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
- B29C66/9121—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature
- B29C66/91211—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature with special temperature measurement means or methods
- B29C66/91212—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature with special temperature measurement means or methods involving measurement means being part of the welding jaws, e.g. integrated in the welding jaws
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
- B29C66/912—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
- B29C66/9121—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature
- B29C66/91211—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature with special temperature measurement means or methods
- B29C66/91216—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature with special temperature measurement means or methods enabling contactless temperature measurements, e.g. using a pyrometer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
- B29C66/914—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
- B29C66/9161—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux
- B29C66/91641—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux the heat or the thermal flux being non-constant over time
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
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- Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Verfahren zum Herstellen einer stoffschlüssigen Verbindung zwischen Bauteilen (52, 54) mit den Schritten:- Erwärmen eines Fügebereichs (56) mittels eines Induktors (20), wobei im Fügebereich (56) zumindest ein elektrisch leitfähiger Werkstoff vorhanden ist,- Aufbringen eines Fügedrucks (F) auf den Fügebereich (56) mittels einer Anpressvorrichtung (30) mit zumindest einem Anpresselement (300), wobei das Anpresselement (300) aktiv gekühlt wird zur Abkühlung der Bauteile (52, 54) und die Abkühlrate der Bauteile (52, 54) mittels der Temperatur des Anpresselements (300) geregelt wird.Method for producing a material connection between components (52, 54) with the steps: - heating a joining area (56) by means of an inductor (20), wherein at least one electrically conductive material is present in the joining area (56), - applying a joining pressure ( F) on the joining area (56) by means of a pressing device (30) with at least one pressing element (300), the pressing element (300) being actively cooled to cool the components (52, 54) and the cooling rate of the components (52, 54) is controlled by the temperature of the pressing element (300).
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zum Herstellen einer stoffschlüssigen Verbindung, insbesondere zum Fügen von zwei Bauteilen, wobei zumindest ein Bauteil aus einem Faserverbundkunststoff besteht.The invention relates to a method and a device for producing an integral connection, in particular for joining two components, with at least one component consisting of a fiber-reinforced plastic.
Die gegenwärtigen Verbindungstechniken stoßen mit der Einführung moderner Leichtbauwerkstoffe an ihre Grenzen. Insbesondere bei Anforderungen an eine hohe Oberflächenqualität und Festigkeit oder beim Verbinden von neuartigen Faserverbundwerkstoffen sind die konventionellen Schweißverfahren nur eingeschränkt geeignet.With the introduction of modern lightweight materials, current joining technologies are reaching their limits. Conventional welding processes are only suitable to a limited extent, particularly when there are requirements for high surface quality and strength or when connecting new types of fiber composite materials.
Induktionsschweißen ist als Fügeverfahren für Faserverbundmaterialien mit thermoplastischem Matrixmaterial bekannt. Hierzu muss in der Fügezone ein elektrisch leitfähiger Werkstoff beinhaltet sein. Dieser kann als Schweißzusatzmaterial der Fügezone zugegeben werden oder kann in einem oder beiden der zu verbindenden Bauteile beinhaltet sein, z.B. in Form von elektrisch leitfähigen Fasern.Induction welding is known as a joining method for fiber composite materials with thermoplastic matrix material. For this purpose, an electrically conductive material must be included in the joining zone. This can be added to the joining zone as a welding filler material or can be contained in one or both of the components to be connected, e.g. in the form of electrically conductive fibers.
Beim Induktionsschweißen wird ein Induktor als Teil eines Schwingkreises durch einen Generator mit einem hochfrequenten Wechselstrom angeregt. Der Induktor erzeugt ein Magnetfeld, wodurch in elektrisch leitfähigen Werkstoffen, die im Wirkbereich des Magnetfelds angeordnet sind, Wirbelströme induziert werden. Aufgrund von Widerstandseffekten und dielektrischer Hysterese erwärmt sich der elektrisch leitende Werkstoff und führt durch Wärmeleitung zu einem Aufschmelzen der zu verbindenden Bauteile. Die Erwärmung durch den Induktor erfolgt schnell und kann berührungslos erfolgen. Zur Herstellung der Fügeverbindung wird auf die aufgeschmolzenen Bauteile mittels einer Anpressvorrichtung ein Fügedruck aufgebracht. Zur Konsolidierung werden die Bauteile abgekühlt.In induction welding, an inductor as part of an oscillating circuit is excited by a generator with a high-frequency alternating current. The inductor generates a magnetic field, which induces eddy currents in electrically conductive materials that are located in the effective range of the magnetic field. Due to resistance effects and dielectric hysteresis, the electrically conductive material heats up and causes the components to be connected to melt due to heat conduction. The inductor heats up quickly and can be done without contact. To produce the joint connection, a joining pressure is applied to the melted components using a pressing device. The components are cooled for consolidation.
Aus der Druckschrift
Aus der Druckschrift
Die Druckschrift
Weiterhin ist aus der Druckschrift US 2003 / 0 062 118 A1 ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Faserverbund-Laminats aus einer Schichtanordnung bekannt, bei dem die Schichtanordnung induktiv erwärmt wird, anschließend in einer Konsolidierungszone mit Druck beaufschlagt wird und in einer nachfolgenden Kühlzone abgekühlt wird, wobei die Abkühlung in einer auf die Mittenebene gerichteten Art und Weise erfolgt.Furthermore, from the publication US 2003 / 0 062 118 A1 a method for producing a fiber composite laminate from a layer arrangement is known, in which the layer arrangement is inductively heated, is then subjected to pressure in a consolidation zone and is cooled in a subsequent cooling zone, wherein the cooling occurs in a median plane directed manner.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung anzugeben, mit dem eine stoffschlüssige Verbindung mit verbesserten Eigenschaften erzielt werden kann, insbesondere eine Fügeverbindung mit zumindest einem Bauteil aus einem Faserverbundkunststoff.The object of the present invention is to specify a method and a device with which an integral connection with improved properties can be achieved, in particular a joint with at least one component made of a fiber-reinforced plastic.
Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe durch ein Verfahren nach Patentanspruch 1 und eine Vorrichtung nach Patentanspruch 6.This problem is solved by a method according to patent claim 1 and a device according to patent claim 6.
Bei einem Verfahren zum Herstellen einer stoffschlüssigen Verbindung zwischen zwei Bauteilen wird ein Fügebereich mittels eines Induktors erwärmt, wobei im Fügebereich zumindest ein elektrisch leitfähiger Werkstoff vorhanden ist. Auf den erwärmten Fügebereich wird ein Fügedruck aufgebracht mittels einer Anpressvorrichtung mit zumindest einem Anpresselement, wobei das Anpresselement aktiv gekühlt wird zur Abkühlung der Bauteile.In a method for producing an integral connection between two components, a joining area is heated by means of an inductor, with at least one electrically conductive material being present in the joining area. A joining pressure is applied to the heated joining area by means of a pressing device with at least one pressing element, the pressing element being actively cooled in order to cool the components.
Die Bauteile werden durch den Kontakt mit dem Anpresselement gekühlt, der Wärmeübergang erfolgt hauptsächlich durch Wärmeleitung. Hierdurch ist eine besonders schnelle Abkühlung, insbesondere der Bauteiloberfläche, gegeben, wodurch die Gefahr eine Beschädigung der Bauteiloberfläche verringert werden kann.
Darüber hinaus erhöht das Aufbringen von Druck und Temperaturgradient an derselben Stelle die Qualität und Reproduzierbarkeit der
Konsolidierungsbedingungen und führt zu Fügeverbindungen mit verbesserten Eigenschaften. Durch die aktive Kühlung des Anpresselements ist eine geführte Abkühlung der Bauteile möglich.The components are cooled through contact with the pressure element, the heat transfer occurs mainly through thermal conduction. This results in particularly rapid cooling, in particular of the component surface, which means that the risk of damage to the component surface can be reduced.
In addition, the application of pressure and temperature gradient at the same point increases the quality and reproducibility of the
consolidation conditions and leads to joints with improved properties. The active cooling of the pressure element enables controlled cooling of the components.
Die stoffschlüssige Verbindung zwischen den Bauteilen kann eine Schweißverbindung, eine Klebeverbindung oder eine Lötverbindung sein. Für eine Klebeverbindung wird vor Beginn der Erwärmung ein thermisch aushärtender Klebstoff zwischen den Bauteilen aufgebracht.The material connection between the components can be a welded connection, an adhesive connection or a soldered connection. For an adhesive connection, before starting the heating a thermally curing adhesive is applied between the components.
Die Schweißverbindung kann je nach Material der Bauteile mit oder ohne Zusatzwerkstoff ausgeführt werden. Die Bauteile können insbesondere im Überlappstoß oder T-Stoß verbunden werden.Depending on the material of the components, the welded connection can be made with or without additional material. The components can be connected in particular in the lap joint or T-joint.
Die Fügezone muss zumindest einen elektrisch leitfähigen Werkstoff beinhalten, d.h. mindestens ein Bauteil, der Klebstoff oder der Schweißzusatzwerkstoff muss einen elektrisch leitenden Werkstoff beinhalten oder aus einem elektrisch leitenden Werkstoff bestehen.The joining zone must contain at least one electrically conductive material, i.e. at least one component, the adhesive or the welding filler material must contain an electrically conductive material or consist of an electrically conductive material.
Zumindest ein Bauteil oder alle Bauteile können z.B. aus Faserverbundkunststoffen bestehen, bei denen die Fasern elektrisch leitfähig sind, z.B. Kohlenstofffasern. Die Fasern können als Kurz-, Lang- und Endlosfasern in Form von Geweben, Rovings, Gestricken, Geflechten, Litzen, Vliesen, Matten u.ä. in die Faserverbundkunststoffe eingearbeitet sein, sofern sie genügend Knotenpunkte für eine ausreichende Erwärmung aufgrund von Widerstandseffekten und dielektrischer Hysterese aufweisen.At least one component or all components can consist, for example, of fiber-reinforced plastics in which the fibers are electrically conductive, for example carbon fibers. The fibers can be used as short, long and continuous fibers in the form of fabrics, rovings, knitted fabrics, braids, strands, fleece, mats and the like. be incorporated into the fiber-reinforced plastics, provided they have enough nodes for sufficient heating due to resistance effects and dielectric hysteresis.
Es können Faserverbundkunstoffe mit einer thermoplastischen Matrix verwendet werden. Geeignete Thermoplasten sind z.B. PPS, PPA, PA6, PA6.6, PEEK, SAN, PLA, PES, PEI, (PP). Alternativ kann auch ein Bauteil mit einer thermoplastischen Matrix mit einem Bauteil ohne thermoplastische Matrix, z.B. mit einer Matrix aus Duroplast verbunden werden ggf. unter Verwendung eines geeigneten Klebstoffs. Ebenso sind Hybrid-Verbindungen möglich, zwischen Metall und einem Faserverbundkunststoff (mit oder ohne thermoplastische Matrix) oder Verbindungen zwischen Bauteilen aus Metall.Fiber composite plastics with a thermoplastic matrix can be used. Suitable thermoplastics are e.g. PPS, PPA, PA6, PA6.6, PEEK, SAN, PLA, PES, PEI, (PP). Alternatively, a component with a thermoplastic matrix can also be connected to a component without a thermoplastic matrix, e.g. with a matrix made of duroplastic, if necessary using a suitable adhesive. Hybrid connections are also possible, between metal and a fiber-reinforced plastic (with or without a thermoplastic matrix) or connections between metal components.
Die Bauteile können insbesondere Karosseriebauteile oder Interieurbauteile aus dem Fahrzeugbau sein.The components can in particular be body components or interior components from vehicle construction.
Zur Realisierung einer technisch einfach umzusetzenden aktiven Kühlung des Anpresselements kann ein Kühlmedium durch das Anpresselement geleitet werden. Das Kühlmedium kann z.B. eine Flüssigkeit oder ein Gas sein und ist in einer Ausgestaltung Wasser.In order to realize an active cooling of the pressing element that is technically easy to implement, a cooling medium can be passed through the pressing element. The cooling medium can be, for example, a liquid or a gas, and in one embodiment is water.
Erfindungsgemäß wird die Abkühlrate der Bauteile mittels der Temperatur des Anpresselements geregelt. Die Bauteiltemperatur kann z.B. mittels Pyrometer, optischer Temperaturmessung oder Thermoelementen gemessen werden. Abhängig von der Abweichung zwischen gemessener Temperatur und einer Solltemperatur wird die Temperatur des Anpresselements angepasst zur Regelung der Abkühlrate der Bauteile. Der die Eigenschaften des Polymers mitbestimmende Temperaturverlauf bei der Abkühlung lässt sich somit besser kontrollieren. Insbesondere ermöglicht dieses Verfahren eine Konsolidierung der Bauteile mit der ursprünglichen Gefügebeschaffenheit, z.B. die gezielte Rekristallisation (teil-)kristalliner Polymere.According to the invention, the cooling rate of the components is regulated by means of the temperature of the pressing element. The component temperature can be measured, for example, using a pyrometer, optical temperature measurement or thermocouples. Depending on the deviation between the measured temperature and a target temperature, the temperature of the pressure element is adjusted to regulate the cooling rate of the components. The temperature profile during cooling, which also determines the properties of the polymer, can thus be better controlled. In particular, this process enables the components to be consolidated with the original structure, e.g. the targeted recrystallization of (partially) crystalline polymers.
Versuche haben gezeigt, dass bei einer mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren hergestellten Schweißbahn zwischen zwei Bauteilen aus Polyamid 6.6/CF durch die Regelung der Abkühlrate Verbindungen mit besonders hoher Scherzugfestigkeit von im Mittel 22 MPa und einer Bruchfestigkeit oberhalb der Matrixfestigkeit an der Fügestelle realisiert werden konnten. Hierzu wurden zwei Proben aus PA6.6/CF mit einer Probendicke von 2 mm und einer Probenbreite von 48 mm im Überlappstoß verschweißt. Die Vergleichswerte der Matrixfestigkeit ergeben sich aus den Datenblättern des Matrixherstellers.Experiments have shown that with a weld sheet produced using the method according to the invention between two components made of polyamide 6.6/CF, connections with a particularly high tensile shear strength of an average of 22 MPa and a breaking strength above the matrix strength at the joint could be realized by controlling the cooling rate. For this purpose, two samples made of PA6.6/CF with a sample thickness of 2 mm and a sample width of 48 mm were welded in the lap joint. The comparative values of the matrix strength result from the data sheets of the matrix manufacturer.
Vorzugsweise wird der Volumenstrom des Kühlmediums, welcher durch das Anpresselement strömt, als Stellgröße für die Regelung der Abkühlrate der Bauteile verwendet. In einer alternativen Ausgestaltung kann die Temperatur des Kühlmediums als Stellgröße verwendet werden oder es können sowohl Temperatur als auch Volumenstrom des Kühlmediums als Stellgrößen verwendet werden.The volume flow of the cooling medium, which flows through the pressing element, is preferably used as a manipulated variable for controlling the cooling rate of the components. In an alternative embodiment, the temperature of the cooling medium can be used as the manipulated variable, or both the temperature and the volumetric flow of the coolant can be used as manipulated variables.
Für die Bearbeitung von Faserverbundkunststoffen ist das Verfahren insbesondere geeignet, wenn der Induktor mit einer Frequenz von 500 kHz oder größer angeregt wird. In diesem Frequenzspektrum wird die maximale Temperatur nicht an der Oberfläche der Faserverbundkunststoffe, sondern weiter im Bauteilinneren in der Nähe des Fügebereichs erzeugt. Die Oberfläche wird somit weniger stark erwärmt, wodurch die Oberflächenbeschaffenheit der miteinander verbundenen Bauteile weiter verbessert werden kann. Durch die Wahl geeigneter Werte für die Parameter Induktorabstand und Frequenz kann die Ebene mit der maximalen Energieeinbringung eingestellt werden.The process is particularly suitable for processing fiber-reinforced plastics if the inductor is excited at a frequency of 500 kHz or higher. In this frequency spectrum, the maximum temperature is not generated on the surface of the fiber-reinforced plastics, but further inside the component near the joining area. The surface is thus heated to a lesser extent, as a result of which the surface quality of the components connected to one another can be further improved. By choosing suitable values for the inductor spacing and frequency parameters, the plane with the maximum energy input can be set.
Vorzugsweise wird das Verfahren als kontinuierliches Verfahren betrieben zur Erzeugung von Schweiß- bzw. Klebebahnen. Alternativ kann das Verfahren auch diskontinuierlich eingesetzt werden zur Ausbildung einzelner Schweiß- oder Klebepunkte.The process is preferably operated as a continuous process to produce welding or adhesive strips. Alternatively, the process can also be used discontinuously to form individual welding or adhesive spots.
Eine Vorrichtung zum Herstellen einer stoffschlüssigen Verbindung zwischen Bauteilen weist einen Induktor und eine Anpressvorrichtung mit zumindest einem Anpresselement auf, wobei das Anpresselement weiterhin als aktives Kühlelement ausgebildet ist.A device for producing an integral connection between components has an inductor and a pressing device with at least one pressing element, the pressing element also being designed as an active cooling element.
Druck und Kühlung können somit gemeinsam auf die Bauteile aufgebracht werden, am gleichen Ort und zur gleichen Zeit. Das Zusammenspiel von Druck und Temperatur, das zum Erreichen der Konsolidierungsparameter notwendig ist, kann somit verbessert eingestellt werden. Hierdurch wird die Reproduzierbarkeit der Konsolidierungsparameter und damit die Prozesssicherheit gesteigert.Pressure and cooling can thus be applied to the components together, at the same place and at the same time. The interaction of pressure and temperature, which is necessary to achieve the consolidation parameters, can thus be set in an improved manner. This increases the reproducibility of the consolidation parameters and thus the process reliability.
Der Induktor ist vorzugsweise ein Flächeninduktor und kann z.B. eine annähernd rechteckige oder runde Grundfläche aufweisen.The inductor is preferably a surface inductor and can, for example, have an approximately rectangular or round base.
Die Anpressvorrichtung kann die Bauteile von zwei Seiten, der dem Induktor zugewandten Seite und der gegenüberliegenden Seite, mit Druck beaufschlagen. Hierzu können auf jeder Seite ein oder mehrere Anpresselemente nach Art einer Zange angeordnet sein, zwischen denen die Bauteile eingeklemmt werden. Alternativ weist die Anpressvorrichtung nur auf einer Seite der Bauteile ein oder mehrere Anpresselemente auf, die in Kontakt mit der Bauteil- bzw. Werkstückoberfläche treten. Der erforderliche Fügedruck wird dann durch Abstützung gegenüber der Werkstückaufnahme aufgebaut. Der Fügedruck kann z.B. mittels einer vorspannbaren Feder, servoelektrischer Motoren und/oder servopneumatischer Antriebe auf die bzw. das Anpresselement(e) aufgebracht werden. Der Fügedruck kann während des Verfahrens konstant gehalten oder verändert werden, z.B. mittels einer Regelung.The pressing device can apply pressure to the components from two sides, the side facing the inductor and the opposite side. For this purpose, one or more pressing elements can be arranged on each side in the manner of pliers, between which the components are clamped. Alternatively, the pressing device has one or more pressing elements on only one side of the components, which come into contact with the surface of the component or workpiece. The required joining pressure is then built up by supporting it against the workpiece holder. The joining pressure can be applied to the pressing element(s), e.g. by means of a pretensionable spring, servo-electric motors and/or servo-pneumatic drives. The joining pressure can be kept constant or changed during the process, e.g. by means of a controller.
Als aktives Kühlelement ist das Anpresselement in der Lage, Wärmeenergie aus den Bauteilen aufzunehmen und in einem Maße abzutransportieren, das über den Wärmetransport freier Konvektion hinausgeht. Hierzu wird das Anpresselement der Anpressvorrichtung aktiv gekühlt. Somit kann die Abkühlrate der Bauteile über die Temperatur des Anpresselements geführt werden.As an active cooling element, the pressure element is able to absorb thermal energy from the components and transport it away to an extent that goes beyond the heat transport of free convection. For this purpose, the pressing element of the pressing device is actively cooled. The cooling rate of the components can thus be controlled via the temperature of the pressing element.
Die aktive Kühlung des Anpresselements wird vorzugsweise dadurch realisiert, dass in dem Anpresselement Kühlkanäle ausgebildet sind zur Durchleitung eines Kühlmediums.The active cooling of the pressing element is preferably realized in that cooling channels are formed in the pressing element for the passage of a cooling medium.
Eine besonders effiziente Kühlung ergibt sich, wenn die Kühlkanäle als zwei miteinander durch eine Vielzahl von Querkanälen verbundene Ringkanäle ausgebildet sind.Particularly efficient cooling results when the cooling channels are designed as two annular channels connected to one another by a large number of transverse channels.
Das Anpresselement kann z.B. als Platte oder Stempel ausgeführt sein. Alternativ ist das Anpresselement vorzugsweise als Anpressrolle ausgeführt, wodurch ein kontinuierlicher Prozess ermöglicht wird.The pressing element can be designed as a plate or stamp, for example. Alternatively, the pressure element is preferably designed as a pressure roller, which enables a continuous process.
Zur Erzielung eines guten Wärmeübergangs zwischen Bauteil und Anpresselement bzw. zwischen Anpresselement und Kühlmedium bei gleichzeitiger Vermeidung einer ungewollten Erwärmung des Anpresselements durch das induzierte Magnetfeld ist das Anpresselement in einer Ausgestaltung aus nicht magnetischem Metall bzw. einer nicht magnetischen Metalllegierung gefertigt, insbesondere aus Edelstahl mit einem austenitischen Gefügeanteil. Dies wird durch Legierungen mit einem nennenswerten Anteil der Legierungselemente Ni, C, Cu, N, Co, Mo ermöglicht, z.B. mit einem Masseanteil an Legierungselementen von mehr als 1 %. Beispielsweise kann das Anpresselement aus X1.4404 gefertigt sein.In order to achieve good heat transfer between the component and the pressure element or between the pressure element and the cooling medium while at the same time avoiding unwanted heating of the pressure element by the induced magnetic field, the pressure element is made in one configuration from non-magnetic metal or a non-magnetic metal alloy, in particular from stainless steel with a austenitic microstructure. This is made possible by alloys with a significant proportion of the alloying elements Ni, C, Cu, N, Co, Mo, e.g. with a mass proportion of alloying elements of more than 1%. For example, the pressing element can be made of X1.4404.
Die Vorrichtung weist weiterhin eine Kontrollvorrichtung auf, die eingerichtet ist zur Regelung der Abkühlrate der Bauteile mittels Temperierung des Anpresselements und insbesondere mittels aktiver Kühlung des Anpresselements. Die Bauteiltemperatur kann z.B. über faseroptische Temperaturmessung, Pyrometer oder Thermoelemente erfasst werden. Die Kontrollvorrichtung wertet diese Temperaturdaten aus und bestimmt z.B. anhand von Vorgaben der gewünschten Abkühlrate Stellgrößen für die Regelung. Anhand dieser Stellgrößen erfolgt die Temperaturänderung des Anpresselements, z.B. durch die Veränderung der Durchflussmenge oder die Anpassung der Temperatur des Kühlmediums, das durch das Anpresselement geleitet wird. Die Kontrollvorrichtung kann in die Vorrichtung integriert sein oder mit dieser verbunden sein (drahtlos oder drahtgebunden).The device also has a control device that is set up to regulate the cooling rate of the components by means of temperature control of the pressing element and in particular by means of active cooling of the pressing element. The component temperature can be recorded, for example, via fiber-optic temperature measurement, pyrometers or thermocouples. The control device evaluates this temperature data and determines control variables for the control, e.g. on the basis of specifications for the desired cooling rate. The temperature of the pressure element changes based on these manipulated variables, e.g. by changing the flow rate or adjusting the temperature of the cooling medium that is passed through the pressure element. The control device can be integrated into the device or connected to it (wireless or wired).
In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung kann die Kontrollvorrichtung weiterhin eingerichtet sein zur Regelung des Erwärmungsvorgangs. Die Regelung der induktiven Erwärmung kann z.B. anhand der Stellgrößen Stromstärke, Vorschubgeschwindigkeit, Induktorabstand und ggf. Frequenz des Induktors erfolgen. Die Regelung basiert vorzugsweise auf einer, z.B. mittels Pyrometer, gemessenen Oberflächentemperatur des Bauteils und berücksichtigt den werkstoffcharakteristischen Zusammenhang zwischen Oberflächentemperatur und Temperatur in der Fügezone.In a further refinement, the control device can also be set up to regulate the heating process. The inductive heating can be controlled, for example, based on the manipulated variables of current, feed rate, inductor spacing and, if necessary, the frequency of the inductor. The control is preferably based on a surface temperature of the component measured, e.g. by means of a pyrometer, and takes into account the relationship between the surface temperature and the temperature in the joining zone, which is characteristic of the material.
In einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung weist die Anpressvorrichtung nur ein einziges Anpresselement in Form einer Anpressrolle auf, die benachbart zum Induktor angeordnet ist. Hierdurch können bei ausreichender Abstützung der Bauteile auch Bauteile miteinander verbunden werden, die nur einseitig zugänglich sind. Beispielsweise beträgt ein Abstand zwischen dem Induktor und der Anpressrolle 10 mm oder weniger. Somit können auch enge Radien im Fügebahnverlauf realisiert werden.In a preferred embodiment, the pressing device has only a single pressing element in the form of a pressing roller, which is arranged adjacent to the inductor. As a result, with sufficient support of the components, components that are only accessible from one side can also be connected to one another. For example, a distance between the inductor and the pinch roller is 10 mm or less. This means that narrow radii can also be realized in the course of the joining path.
Der Induktor und die Anpressvorrichtung können an einem gemeinsamen Grundkörper befestigt sein und gemeinsam relativ zum Bauteil bewegt werden. Induktor und Anpressvorrichtung können z.B. auf einem gemeinsamen Bearbeitungskopf integriert sein.The inductor and the pressing device can be attached to a common base body and can be moved together relative to the component. Inductor and pressing device can eg be integrated on a common processing head.
Zur Bewegung der Vorrichtung entlang der Bauteile kann die Vorrichtung an einer zumindest einachsigen Linearführung angeordnet sein. Eine größere Flexibilität hinsichtlich der möglichen Bewegungen ergibt sich durch die Verwendung mehrachsiger Linearsysteme, z.B. mehrerer, zueinander rechtwinklig angeordneter Linearführungen. Um eine Rotation der Vorrichtung zu ermöglichen können die Linearsysteme ggf. zusätzlich mit einer Drehachse kombiniert sein. Die Linearführungen können als motorisierte Linearsysteme ausgeführt sein.In order to move the device along the components, the device can be arranged on an at least uniaxial linear guide. Greater flexibility with regard to the possible movements results from the use of multi-axis linear systems, e.g. several linear guides arranged at right angles to one another. In order to enable the device to rotate, the linear systems can optionally also be combined with a rotary axis. The linear guides can be designed as motorized linear systems.
In einer alternativen Ausgestaltung wird die Vorrichtung an einem Gelenkarm-Roboter, insbesondere einem 5- oder 6-Achs-Roboter befestigt. Dies ermöglicht weitere Freiheitsgrade und damit das Abfahren auch dreidimensionaler Schweißnaht- bzw. Fügeverläufe.In an alternative embodiment, the device is attached to an articulated arm robot, in particular a 5- or 6-axis robot. This enables further degrees of freedom and thus also the following of three-dimensional weld seam or joint profiles.
Alternativ kann die Vorrichtung ortsfest montiert sein und eine Bewegung der Bauteile kann über ein- oder mehrachsige Handhabungssysteme wie z.B. Linearsysteme oder Gelenkarmroboter erfolgen. Auf flexible und lange Anschlüsse wie z.B. Schlauchkabel für den Anschluss des Induktors an den Schwingkreis kann dann verzichtet werden. Hierdurch können höhere Frequenzen realisiert werden und es kann die Prozesssicherheit verbessert werden.Alternatively, the device can be stationary and the components can be moved using single- or multi-axis handling systems such as linear systems or articulated-arm robots. Flexible and long connections such as hose cables for connecting the inductor to the oscillating circuit can then be dispensed with. As a result, higher frequencies can be realized and process reliability can be improved.
Die zur Regelung der Abkühlrate eingesetzte Kontrollvorrichtung kann ebenso eingerichtet sein zur Steuerung bzw. Regelung des Abstands zwischen Induktor und Bauteiloberfläche sowie zur Steuerung bzw. Regelung des Anpressdrucks. Die Kontrollvorrichtung kann ebenso auch die Relativbewegung zwischen Werkstück und Vorrichtung steuern.The control device used to regulate the cooling rate can also be set up to control or regulate the distance between the inductor and the component surface and to control or regulate the contact pressure. The control device can also control the relative movement between the workpiece and the device.
Die Vorrichtung kann zur Durchführung des voranstehend beschriebenen Verfahrens verwendet werden, insbesondere zum Ausbilden einer Schweißverbindung zwischen zwei Bauteilen aus einem Faserverbundkunststoff mit Carbonfasern. Insofern gelten die für das Verfahren beschriebenen technischen Merkmale und Vorteile auch für die entsprechende Umsetzung in der Vorrichtung.The device can be used to carry out the method described above, in particular to form a welded connection between two components made of a fiber-reinforced plastic with carbon fibers. In this respect, the technical features and advantages described for the method also apply to the corresponding implementation in the device.
Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen.Further advantageous configurations of the invention result from the dependent claims.
Die oben beschriebenen Eigenschaften, Merkmale und Vorteile dieser Erfindung sowie die Art und Weise, wie diese erreicht werden, werden klarer und deutlicher verständlich im Zusammenhang mit der folgenden Beschreibung der Ausführungsbeispiele. Sofern in dieser Anmeldung der Begriff „kann“ verwendet wird, handelt es sich sowohl um die technische Möglichkeit als auch um die tatsächliche technische Umsetzung.The characteristics, features and advantages of this invention described above, and the manner in which they are achieved, will become clearer and more clearly understood in connection with the following description of the exemplary embodiments. If the term "can" is used in this application, it is both the technical possibility and the actual technical implementation.
Im Folgenden werden Ausführungsbeispiele an Hand der beiliegenden Zeichnungen erläutert. Darin zeigen:
-
1 eine schematische Darstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zur Veranschaulichung des Verfahrens -
2 eine Draufsicht auf einen beispielhaften Induktor -
3 eine perspektivische Darstellung einer Anpressrolle gemäß einem Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung -
4 eine schematische Darstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung montiert an einem Linearsystem -
5 eine schematische Darstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung, die ortsfest in eine Anlage integriert ist.
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1 a schematic representation of a device according to the invention to illustrate the method -
2 a plan view of an exemplary inductor -
3 a perspective view of a pressure roller according to an embodiment of the invention -
4 a schematic representation of the device according to the invention mounted on a linear system -
5 a schematic representation of the device according to the invention, which is permanently integrated into a system.
Die
Die Vorrichtung 10 ist über einem Werkstück 50 angeordnet. Das Werkstück weist ein erstes Bauteil 52 und ein darüber angeordnetes zweites Bauteil 54 auf. In einem Fügebereich 56 zwischen dem ersten Bauteil 52 und dem zweiten Bauteil 54 soll eine stoffschlüssige Verbindung, z.B. in Form einer Schweiß- oder Klebeverbindung, ausgebildet werden. Des Weiteren können nicht dargestellte Schweißzusatzwerkstoffe oder Klebstoffe im Fügebereich 56 angeordnet sein. Die Bauteile 52, 54 sind auf einer nicht dargestellten Werkstückaufnahme angeordnet und fixiert.The
Der Induktor 20 ist als Flächeninduktor ausgebildet und wird im Wesentlichen parallel zur Werkstückoberfläche 58 angeordnet, d.h. mit einer Abweichung aus der Parallelen von weniger als 5 Grad. Der prinzipielle Aufbau eines Induktors ist dem Fachmann bekannt. In
Der Induktor 20 ist Teil eines (nicht dargestellten) Schwingkreises und kann durch einen Generator mit einem hochfrequenten Wechselstrom angeregt werden. Schwingkreis und Generator können Teil der Vorrichtung 10 sein und z.B. im Grundkörper 40 angeordnet sein, oder der Induktor 20 kann über (nicht dargestellte) Zuleitungen in den Schwingkreis eingebunden sein.The
Die Anpressvorrichtung 30 umfasst ein Anpresselement in Form einer Anpressrolle 300 sowie eine Aufnahme 32, in der die Anpressrolle 300 gelagert ist und durch die die Anpressrolle 300 mit dem Grundkörper 40 verbunden ist.The
Die Anpressrolle 300 ist benachbart zum Induktor 20 angeordnet. Der Abstand A2 zwischen Induktor 20 und Anpressrolle 300 beträgt vorzugsweise 10 mm oder weniger.The
Zur Durchführung des Verfahrens wird die Vorrichtung 10 so über der Werkstückoberfläche 58 positioniert, dass die Anpressrolle 300 in Kontakt mit der Werkstückoberfläche 58 tritt. Der Abstand A1 zwischen Induktor 20 und Werkstückoberfläche 58 wird auf einen vorgegebenen Wert eingestellt.To carry out the method, the
Mittels des Induktors 20 wird das Werkstück 50 erwärmt. Hierdurch bildet sich eine Erwärmungszone 60 im Werkstück 50 aus. Es erfolgt eine Relativbewegung zwischen Werkstück 50 und Vorrichtung 10 entlang des Fügebereichs 56, so dass sich die Erwärmungszone 60 entlang des Fügebereichs 56 ausbreitet. Die Ausbreitungsrichtung der Erwärmungszone 60, d.h. die Fügerichtung, ist in
Zur Ausbildung der Fügeverbindung und Konsolidierung der Bauteile 52 und 54 wird der erwärmte Fügebereich im Werkstück 50 anschließend mit Druck beaufschlagt und abgekühlt.To form the joint connection and to consolidate the
Hierzu wird, wie in
Ebenfalls durch die Anpressrolle 300 erfolgt die Abkühlung des Werkstücks 50. Hierzu ist die Anpressrolle 300 als Kühlelement eingerichtet, dessen Temperatur aktiv verändert und eingestellt werden kann. Durch den Kontakt zwischen Anpressrolle 300 und Werkstückoberfläche 58 bildet sich eine Kühlzone 64 hinter der Erwärmungszone 60 aus. Aufgrund der Relativbewegung zwischen Werkstück 50 und Vorrichtung 10 wandern die Erwärmungszone 60 und die Kühlzone 64 entlang des Fügebereichs 56.The
Zur Verringerung von Randzoneneffekten kann der Induktor auch mit einer runden Fläche ausgeführt werden, z.B. mit einem Außendurchmesser von 25 mm. Andere Materialien und Profilquerschnitte und andere Abmessungen sind je nach Einsatzzweck möglich bzw. angezeigt.To reduce edge zone effects, the inductor can also be designed with a round surface, e.g. with an outside diameter of 25 mm. Other materials and profile cross-sections and other dimensions are possible or indicated depending on the application.
Durch diesen Kanalverbund kann ein Kühlmittel, z.B. ein Gas oder eine Flüssigkeit, quer durch die Rolle 300 geleitet werden. Das Kühlmittel wird über die erste Achse 340A zugeführt, fließt über den Zuführkanal 360 in den ersten Ringkanal 340A, über die Querkanäle 350 weiter den zweiten Ringkanal 340B und verlässt die Anpressrolle über den Abführkanal 370 durch den Kanal in der zweiten Achse 320B. Die Zuführung bzw. Abführung des Kühlmittels an den Achsen 320A und 320B kann z.B. über drehbare Schlauchanschlüsse realisiert sein.A coolant, e.g. The coolant is supplied via the
Die Anpressrolle 300 besteht vorzugsweise aus austenitischem Edelstahl und kann z.B. mittels Rapid Prototyping hergestellt werden. Der Durchmesser D der Anpressrolle 300 beträgt vorzugsweise 35 mm bis 45 mm und kann insbesondere 40 mm betragen. Die Breite BR der Anpressrolle 300 ist abhängig von der Breite der zu erzeugenden Fügeverbindung und kann z.B. 10 mm bis 30 mm oder z.B. 20 mm betragen. Vorzugsweise ist die Breite BR der Anpressrolle 300 breiter als die Breite B des Induktors 20, z.B. 1 mm bis 10 mm breiter als die Induktorbreite. Die Anpressrolle kann ebenso auch mit anderen Abmessungen, z.B. kleineren Abmessungen technisch umgesetzt werden.The
Die Temperatur der Anpressrolle 300 kann über den Volumenstrom des Kühlmediums und/oder die Temperatur des Kühlmediums beeinflusst werden. The temperature of the
Hierzu wird die Anpressrolle 300 über Zuleitungen mit entsprechenden Komponenten verbunden, wie z.B. einem Vorratsbehälter für das Kühlmedium, einer Temperiervorrichtung zur Steuerung der Kühlmitteltemperatur und einer Pumpe. Diese Komponenten können in die Vorrichtung 10 integriert sein.For this purpose, the
Während des Fügeverfahrens wird die Abkühlrate der Bauteile 52 und 54 aktiv geführt, insbesondere geregelt. Hierzu ist eine (nicht dargestellte) Temperaturerfassungsvorrichtung vorgesehen, z.B. in Form von Thermoelementen, einem Pyrometer etc. Die Temperaturdaten werden mittels einer Kontrollvorrichtung 70 (siehe
Die Kontrollvorrichtung 70 kann in die Vorrichtung 10 integriert sein oder mit dieser verbunden (drahtlos oder drahtgebunden) sein, angedeutet durch die strichlierte Darstellung in
Die Relativbewegung zwischen Werkstück 50 und Vorrichtung 10 kann auf verschiedene Arten realisiert werden, z.B. kann das Werkstück 50 bewegt werden oder die Vorrichtung 10 oder es kann eine kombinierte Bewegung sowohl des Werkstücks 50 als auch der Vorrichtung 10 erfolgen.
Zur Vermeidung einer Wiederholung sind gleiche Bauteile mit gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen.To avoid repetition, the same components are provided with the same reference numbers.
Das Werkstück 50 ist auf einer Bauteilaufnahme 51 angeordnet und mittels Spannelementen 59 auf dieser befestigt. Bei dem in
Der Induktor 20 ist in dieser Ausführungsform über (nicht dargestellte) flexible Anschlüsse, wie z.B. Schlauchkabel, in den Schwingkreis eingebunden.In this embodiment, the
Zur Bewegung der Vorrichtung 10 entlang der Fügerichtung 62 kann z.B. die Anpressrolle 300 angetrieben werden oder das Linearsystem 80 kann motorisch angetrieben sein.To move the
In einer nicht dargestellten alternativen Ausführungsform wird die Vorrichtung an einem Gelenkarm-Roboter, insbesondere einem 5- oder 6-Achs-Roboter befestigt und von diesem bewegt. Dies ermöglicht weitere Freiheitsgrade und damit das Abfahren auch dreidimensionaler Schweißnaht- bzw. Fügeverläufe.In an alternative embodiment that is not shown, the device is attached to an articulated arm robot, in particular a 5- or 6-axis robot, and is moved by it. This enables further degrees of freedom and thus also the following of three-dimensional weld seam or joint profiles.
Die Linearsysteme 80, 90 können zusätzlich über zumindest eine Drehachse verfügen.The
Die Ausführungsbeispiele sind nicht maßstabsgetreu und nicht beschränkend. Abwandlungen im Rahmen des fachmännischen Handelns sind möglich.The exemplary embodiments are not drawn to scale and are not limiting. Modifications within the scope of professional action are possible.
Claims (14)
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| US20230211565A1 (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2023-07-06 | Rohr, Inc. | Method and system for welding thermoplastic panels |
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| DE102016008671B4 (en) | 2016-07-20 | 2023-12-14 | Technische Universität Chemnitz | Method for inductive contact joining |
| DE102021104704A1 (en) * | 2021-02-26 | 2022-09-01 | Conductix-Wampfler Gmbh | Method of manufacturing a current collector head and current collector head |
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| US20030062118A1 (en) | 2001-09-25 | 2003-04-03 | Gerhard Jack K. | Apparatus and method for induction lamination of electrically conductive fiber reinforced composite materials |
| DE102005018478A1 (en) | 2005-04-21 | 2006-10-26 | Institut Für Verbundwerkstoffe Gmbh | Continuous induction welding of metal and-or plastic parts, involves using a pressure applicator and an electrically-conductive material in a welding zone which is heated by an inductor while the pressure is applied |
| DE102012100620A1 (en) | 2012-01-25 | 2013-07-25 | Institut Für Verbundwerkstoffe Gmbh | Method for induction welding |
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| US4992133A (en) | 1988-09-30 | 1991-02-12 | Pda Engineering | Apparatus for processing composite materials |
| US5635094A (en) | 1995-01-03 | 1997-06-03 | The Boeing Company | Conformal skate for induction welding |
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| DE102005018478A1 (en) | 2005-04-21 | 2006-10-26 | Institut Für Verbundwerkstoffe Gmbh | Continuous induction welding of metal and-or plastic parts, involves using a pressure applicator and an electrically-conductive material in a welding zone which is heated by an inductor while the pressure is applied |
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| US12441066B2 (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2025-10-14 | Rohr, Inc. | Method and system for welding thermoplastic panels |
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