DE102009041817B4 - Support plate for securing a rail to a solid surface and fastening a rail - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a base plate for fastening a rail (S) on a solid base (2), with a sleeve opening (3o) for an eccentric sleeve (3) leading from its top side (O) to its underside (U) in the base plate (3). 6a-6d), which can be rotated within the sleeve opening (3o) for a change in position of the base plate (3) about an axis of rotation defined by a fastening element (7a-7d) inserted through the eccentric sleeve (6a-6d). In order to enable an easily controllable adjustment of the track width by a certain amount of length, according to the invention, locking marks (3q) for fixing the rotational position of the eccentric sleeve (6a-6d) are formed on the sleeve opening (3o), the locking marks (3q) taking into account the eccentricity the axis of rotation of the eccentric sleeve (6a-6d) in relation to the central longitudinal axis (Mh) of the sleeve opening (3o) are arranged at a distance from one another in such a way that with a rotational adjustment of the eccentric sleeve (6a-6d) between two adjacent detent marks (3q) a gradual change the position of the shim (3) is associated with a defined amount.

Description

The invention relates to a shim for mounting a rail on a solid surface, wherein in the shim one leading from its top to its underside sleeve opening for an eccentric sleeve is formed within the sleeve opening for a change in position of the shim around by a through the sleeve plugged fastener defined rotation axis is adjustable in rotation.

Moreover, the invention relates to an attachment for a rail made using such a shim.

In practice, a rail fastening system known as "ECF" is known in which the rail rests on the footprint of a steel shim made of steel. At their longitudinal sides aligned in the longitudinal direction of the rail to be fastened, the contact surface is bounded in each case by a rib on which the rail foot is laterally guided in the fully assembled state. In addition, the rib serves as a bearing for a clamping screw which sits with its screw head in a form-fitting in the rib-shaped receptacle and with its shaft from the top of the shim groundbreaking the middle loop of a W-shaped clamp passes. By means of a nut screwed onto the clamping screw, the tensioning clamp is then braced against the shim so that a sufficient hold-down force is exerted on the respective side of the rail foot via the free ends of the spring arms of the tensioning clamp.

Sufficient compliance of a rail fastening formed by the system ECF when passing over a rail vehicle is ensured by an elastic intermediate layer which is arranged between the shim and a support plate lying on the respective solid base.

In order to allow an adjustment of the position of the rail to the respective required gauge, in the ECF system in the laterally beyond the footprint protruding areas of the shim each one leading from its top to its underside sleeve opening formed in which formed as a hold-down sleeve eccentric sleeve sitting. The eccentric sleeve has at its upper end in the mounting position a projection in the form of a peripheral circumferential surface of the sleeve collar, which rests in the mounting position on the upper side of the shim. At the same time, the height remaining between the underside of the collar projection and the lower end of the eccentric sleeve in the assembly position is dimensioned so that in the assembled state the sleeve is resting on the support rod. Through the sleeve opening of the eccentric sleeve while a screw is inserted, which is screwed into a recessed in the solid underground dowel and so forms a rotation axis for the sleeve. This construction on the one hand ensures that the shim is braced against the solid ground via the eccentric sleeve acting as a hold-down with a defined hold-down force. On the other hand, the position of the shim and, with it, the rail resting on it can be displaced aligned by a rotation of the eccentric sleeve transversely to the longitudinal extension of the rail to adjust the position of the rail to the required track.

A disadvantage of the known ECF system for fastening a rail is that it is difficult for the fitter to check, by which length amount the rail or the support plate is displaced during an adjustment of the eccentric sleeve. This requires a time-consuming remeasurement, which is difficult to achieve with the necessary accuracy under the usually harsh conditions that prevail on a construction site.

Against this background, the invention was based on the object to provide a shim, with a simple way to easily controlled track width adjustment by a certain amount of length is possible.

With respect to the shim, the invention has achieved this object in that the shim according to claim 1 is formed. Advantageous embodiments of a shim according to the invention are specified in the dependent claims on claim 1 and are explained in detail below.

With regard to the attachment, this object has been achieved by the attachment specified in claim 9. Advantageous embodiments of a fastening according to the invention are specified in the dependent claims on claim 9 and are also explained in detail below.

In a shim according to the invention, detent marks for fixing the rotational position of the eccentric sleeve are formed on the sleeve opening. Taking into account the eccentricity of the axis of rotation of the eccentric sleeve inserted into the sleeve opening with respect to the central longitudinal axis of the sleeve opening, the latching marks are arranged at such a distance from one another that a stepwise change of the eccentric sleeve between two adjacent latching marks Position of the shim is accompanied by a defined amount.

The respective rotational position of the eccentric sleeve defining latching of the eccentric sleeve with the shim can be done by means of a formed on the eccentric sleeve, compatible with the shape of the locking tag formula element. Depending on the arrangement of the relevant formula element and the shape of the eccentric sleeve, the latching marks can be formed, for example, in the form of the edge region of the upper side of the shim surrounding the sleeve opening. This may be useful, for example, when the eccentric sleeve is designed as a hold-down sleeve, which carries on its peripheral surface a projection which rests in the assembled state on the top of the shim. However, a particularly secure and wear-resistant fixation results when the catch marks are formed in the peripheral wall of the sleeve opening.

Regardless of where they are arranged, the latching marks may be formed as groove-shaped recesses.

The arrangement of the catch marks can follow a specific, favorable for each application pattern. Thus, under certain circumstances, it may be expedient if the increment determined by the distance between two catch marks increases in line with the change in position from catch mark to stop mark following a certain function. However, an adjustability that is particularly easy to understand for the fitter and versatile results when the angular distances between mutually adjacent catch marks are each dimensioned such that a change in the position of the backing plate which is the same in terms of amount is associated with each rotational adjustment of the eccentric sleeve seated in the sleeve opening.

Likewise, it contributes to the ease of handling, when one of the locking marks is defined as a "zero position", which forms the starting point for the change in position of the shim in the assembly of a fastening of a rail formed using the shim.

The shim provided in a system according to the invention can, on the model of the prior art, have on its upper side a standing surface for the rail to be fastened, which is delimited at its longitudinal sides aligned in the longitudinal direction of the rail to be fastened by a respective support shoulder. In order to compensate for tolerances of the width of the rail foot or to allow additional adjustability of the track, at least one adapter piece can be provided in a conventional manner, to an existing in the assembled state between the foot of the rail to be fastened and the respective support shoulder distance bridged.

A reliable fixation of the position of the shim is obtained when in each of its two lateral side of the support surface extending side portions each provided with a latch marks sleeve opening is formed for an eccentric sleeve.

By the backing plate is made of plastic, on the one hand, a significant weight savings compared to steel or cast iron existing shims achieved. In addition, the use of plastic in a simple way to form on the shim forms that can not be imaged with steel or similar materials. As a plastic for the production of the shim comes, for example, glass fiber reinforced polyamide in question.

An inventive fastening of a rail on a solid surface comprises an eccentric sleeve which is inserted with sliding fit into its associated sleeve opening of an inventively designed shim, wherein a fastener is provided which defines the axis of rotation of the eccentric sleeve inserted through the sleeve opening of the eccentric sleeve. According to the invention, the eccentric sleeve in the region of its peripheral surface on a form member which positively cooperates with in the associated sleeve opening of the washer inserted eccentric sleeve with one of the latching marks of the sleeve opening, that the rotational position of the eccentric sleeve is fixed in the sleeve opening. In this way, the position of the shim can be adjusted so easily in an easily understandable for a fitter on the construction site way that an optimally tailored track width adjustment is achieved without costly measurements.

For a system according to the invention of particular importance is that the shim in the assembled state is on a between the shim and the solid ground arranged intermediate layer. This makes it possible to use the elasticity of a comparatively large-volume intermediate layer for as precisely predeterminable compliance as possible of the fastening effected by the system according to the invention when passing over a rail vehicle.

The eccentric sleeve can be configured as a hold-down sleeve and have a projecting from its peripheral surface projection which rests in the assembled state on the top of the shim to ensure a defined fit in the associated sleeve opening. there the eccentric sleeve may have a height that is greater than the thickness of the shim in the region of its associated sleeve opening. By a fastener for holding the shim is placed on the solid surface through the sleeve opening of the hold-down sleeve, the fastening element forms a rotation axis for the eccentric element. The inserted into the sleeve opening eccentric causes in this embodiment then comparable to the above-described prior art that the shim is loaded only with a predetermined maximum force. In this way, especially when the shim is made of plastic, prevents the shim is damaged by mounting errors. At the same time, the sleeve ensures that the elastic intermediate layer is compressed by the fastener only as far as it is necessary for a secure fit. The required elasticity of the elastic intermediate layer is thus safe even when fully assembled. The sliding fit of the sleeve in its associated opening of the shim ensures that the shim can follow freely any compression or expansion of the shim occurring as a result of the stresses encountered when overrunning.

In order to ensure the most uniform possible support of the rail on the solid surface, on the other hand, but also to minimize the abrasive wear of the elastic intermediate layer, in addition to a mounting system according to the invention to be arranged between the intermediate layer and the solid base support plate is provided. If necessary, this can consist of a comparatively thin sheet steel or of a sufficiently strong plastic.

The support plate may have on its upper side facing the support plate, which assumes the function of a stop for the movement of the shim when passing the rail by a rail vehicle according to the already described above, pointing in the direction of the solid ground projection of the shim. At the same time can be formed with appropriate shaping by the projection of the support plate, a receptacle for the elastic intermediate layer. This is especially true when the projection in question extends at least over a sufficient partial length of the circumference of the intermediate layer along its edge or a sufficient number of separate projections is arranged on the support plate, which determine the position of the intermediate layer.

The mounting of a fastening according to the invention can be simplified in that at least one clip is provided, which holds together for assembly a formed from the shim, the underlying intermediate plate and lying under the intermediate plate support plate package in the preassembled position.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to a drawing illustrating an exemplary embodiment. Show it:

1 a system for securing a rail in an exploded view;

2 the system in ready mounted position in plan view;

3 the system in the finished mounted position in a viewed in the longitudinal direction of the rail side view;

4 the system in fully assembled position in a side perspective view;

5 a shim with associated eccentric sleeves in a perspective view from above;

6 the shim with eccentric sleeves inserted therein in a perspective view from below;

7 an eccentric sleeve in a perspective view;

8th an enlarged section of the shim in a perspective view from below.

The system 1 for fastening a rail S on a solid, here formed by a concrete sleeper, not shown here substrate 2 includes a shim made of a plastic material 3 , one below the shim 3 to be arranged liner 4 made of an elastically yielding material, one below the intermediate layer 4 on the firm ground 2 to be arranged support plate 5 , four eccentric sleeves 6a . 6b . 6c . 6d , which each have a fixing screw serving as a fastening element 7a . 7b . 7c . 7d is assigned, two spring elements 8a . 8b , two adapters 9a . 9b as well as two clamping screws 10a . 10b ,

The existing of a plastic material shim 3 has a bone-like, elongated shape seen in plan view. Their on each one of its narrow sides adjacent outer areas 3a . 3b have a significantly larger, measured in the direction of the longitudinal extent L of the rail S to be fastened width B, as its central region, wherein the change in the width B from the narrower middle region to the adjacent wide lateral areas 3a . 3b has a continuous, jump-free course.

In the middle area is on the top O of the shim 3 a standing surface extending in the longitudinal direction L. 3c formed over the respective width B of the middle narrower area of the shim 3 extends and laterally to the narrow sides of the shim 3 through each one shoulder 3d . 3e is limited.

At the footprint 3c associated contact surfaces of the shoulders 3d . 3e is one towards the opposite shoulder 3e . 3d protruding dovetail-like projection 3f educated. On each of these adapter pieces 9a . 9b be set with a complementary shaped recess, if necessary, a distance between the on the stand space 3c set rail foot F of the rail S to bridge and so ensure a secure lateral guidance of the rail S.

For clamping the spring elements 8a . 8b These are so on the shim 3 set that their respective assigned clamping screw 10a . 10b with its threaded shaft through the middle loop of the spring element 8a respectively. 8b engages and the free spring arms of the spring element 8a . 8b lie on the rail foot F. Subsequently, by means of a nut screwed onto the threaded shank 12 the middle loop of the spring element 8a . 8b so far against the shim 3 until a sufficient hold-down force is exerted on the rail foot F.

In the area of their corners is in the shim 3 one sleeve opening each 3o formed from the top O to the bottom U of the shim 3 leads.

In each of the four sleeve openings 3o sits one of the one in combination with the material of the shim 3 Well slippery and sufficiently strong material made eccentric sleeves 6a - 6d , These have a passage opening 6e on which eccentric to the center axis Me of the respective eccentric sleeve 6a - 6d is arranged. On the outer peripheral surface of the eccentric sleeves 6a - 6d is in each case an axially parallel to the central axis Me extending, narrow locking projection 6f formed, each extending over the entire height He of the eccentric sleeves 6a - 6d extends. The eccentric sleeves 6a - 6d are designed as hold-down sleeves, to which they at their upper, the top O of the shim 3 associated edge a circumferential manner of a collar projection 6g exhibit. In the assembled state is the projection 6g the eccentric sleeves 6a - 6d on the top O of the shim 3 on.

The four sleeve openings 3o are each through a peripheral wall 3p surrounded by the plastic material of the shim 3 is formed. In the peripheral wall 3p are formed at irregular angular intervals α on the type of grooves, axially parallel to the central axis Mh of the respective sleeve opening 3o extending stop marks 3q molded, whose shape is complementary to the shape of the eccentric sleeves 6a - 6d each trained locking projection 6f is.

The rest stops 3q and the sleeve openings 3o are each designed so that their respective associated eccentric sleeve 6a - 6d with her locking projection 6f is positively guided with sliding fit in them so that the rotational position of the eccentric sleeve 6a - 6d in its associated sleeve opening 3o is fixed, but at the same time directed in the direction of the central axis Me relative movement between shim 3 and the respective sleeve 6a - 6d easily possible.

When assembling the system 1 each one of the mounting screws 7a - 7d through the passage opening 6e the respective eccentric sleeve 6a - 6d stuck and in a solid ground 2 embedded plastic dowels 11 screwed. In this way, the fixing screws form 7a - 7d in each case an axis of rotation about which the eccentric sleeve assigned to them 6a - 6d rotatable can. Taking into account the eccentricity of the rotation axis thus created with respect to the central axis Mh of the respective sleeve opening 3o are the angular distances α between the locking marks 3q so dimensioned that with ready mounted shim 3 with each rotational adjustment between two locking marks a transversely to the longitudinal extent of the rail S aligned shift of the shim 3 is accompanied by a magnitude always the same distance. Thus, the angular distances α, for example, be designed so that each rotational adjustment of the eccentric sleeves 6a - 6d the shim 3 for a gauge adjustment shifts by one millimeter.

Around the edge of the shim 3 encircling is a groundbreaking from the bottom U, apron-like projection 3r to the shim 3 formed. The lead 3r serves as a stop for in the direction of the solid ground 2 directed movements, which are the shim 3 performs when the standing on her rail S is driven by a rail vehicle, not shown here.

In the area of the bottom U, not from the sleeve openings 3o with its peripheral wall 3q and not from the recordings 3i . 3y is a stiffening structure 3s in the shim 3 molded, the ribs crossing each other at a right angle 3t and between them arranged depressions 3u are formed. The wells 3u are filled with a lightweight but dimensionally stable molding material T. The molding material filling T is substantially flush with the free top of the ribs 3t or protrudes with a protrusion of typically at least 2 mm above the top of the ribs so that there are no sharp edges of the ribs 3t stand out more.

To an elastic cushioning of the rail S also directly opposite the shim 3 to accomplish is on the support surface 3c an elastic layer 3v sprayed on, which consists of a permanently elastic plastic. Alternatively, it is also possible the elastic layer 3v through a prefabricated plate of elastic material to form on the support surface 3c placed on and glued to her in particular.

The elastic intermediate layer 4 has a plan view of a shape that of the stiffening structure 3 occupied area corresponds. Accordingly, the stiffening structure covers 3 in the assembled state of the system 1 the liner 4 completely off. The in the wells 3u the stiffening structure 3s Existing Füllstofffüllung T here also ensures under the load of a rail S driving rail vehicle, that the ribs 3t the stiffening structure 3s not in the liner 4 to cut. Instead, the shim is 3 always so large on the elastic liner 4 supported, that permanently optimal spring action is maintained.

The on the solid ground 2 resting thin support plate 5 serves as protection of the elastic intermediate layer against abrasive wear and dirt and ensures a flat bearing surface. To the location of the elastic intermediate layer on the support plate 5 It is on the base plate 3 associated top of the support plate 5 by a projection following the outer shape of the elastic layer 5a a recording formed in the case of fully assembled system 1 the liner 4 sits positively. The lead 5a additionally serves as a stop, through which in the direction of the solid ground 2 directed movements of the shim 3 are limited and excessive compression of the elastic liner 4 is prevented.

The elastic intermediate layer 4 is also protected thereby against excessive compression during assembly that the height He designed as hold-down sleeves and in the fully assembled state on the support plate 5 standing eccentric sleeves 6a - 6d is chosen so that the shim 3 even with firmly tightened mounting screws 7a - 7d only with a defined force against the elastic intermediate layer 4 is pressed. If the force in question is to be very small, then a height He of the eccentric sleeve is selected, that of the thickness of the shim 3 in the area of the sleeve openings 3o plus the thickness of the elastic layer in the relaxed state of installation minus the thickness of the projection 6g equivalent.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

α

angular distances

1

System for fastening a rail S

2

underground

3

shim

3a, 3b

outer areas of the base plate 3

3c

Stand surface of the base plate 3

3d, 3e

Shoulders of the base plate 3

3f

head Start

3o

sleeve opening

3p

peripheral wall

3q

Rast brand

3r

head Start

3s

stiffening

3t

rib

3u

deepening

3v

elastic situation

4

Lasting liner

5e

support plate

5a

head Start

6a-6d

eccentric sleeves

6e

sleeve opening

6f

catch projection

6g

head Start

7a-7d

mounting screws

8a, 8b

spring elements

9a, 9b

adapters

10a, 10b

turnbuckles

10c

screw head

10d

Side surface of the screw head 10c

10e

Edge of the screw head 10c

11

Plastic anchors

12

mother

B

respective width of the base plate 3

F

rail

He

height

L

longitudinal direction

me

Central axis of the respective eccentric sleeve 6a - 6d

mh

Central axis of the respective sleeve opening 3o

O

Over side of the base plate 3

S

rail

T

molding

U

Bottom of the base plate 3

Claims (14)

Base plate for fixing a rail (S) on a solid surface ( 2 ), wherein in the shim ( 3 ) leading from its top (O) to its bottom (U) sleeve opening ( 3o ) for an eccentric sleeve ( 6a - 6d ) formed inside the sleeve opening ( 3o ) for a change in position of the shim ( 3 ) by a through the eccentric sleeve ( 6a - 6d ) inserted fastening element ( 7a - 7d ) defined rotational axis is rotatably adjustable, characterized in that at the sleeve opening ( 3o ) Stop marks ( 3q ) for fixing the rotational position of the eccentric sleeve ( 6a - 6d ) are formed and that the locking marks ( 3q ) taking into account the eccentricity of the axis of rotation of the eccentric sleeve ( 6a - 6d ) with respect to the central longitudinal axis (Mh) of the sleeve opening ( 3o ) are arranged at such a distance from each other that with a rotational adjustment of the eccentric sleeve ( 6a - 6d ) between two adjacent catch marks ( 3q ) a step change in the position of the shim ( 3 ) is accompanied by a defined amount. Shim according to claim 1, characterized in that the catch marks ( 3q ) in the peripheral wall of the sleeve opening ( 3o ) are formed. Shim according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the angular distances (α) between mutually adjacent stop marks ( 3q ) are each dimensioned such that with each rotational adjustment one in the sleeve opening ( 3o ) seated eccentric sleeve ( 6a - 6d ) in terms of amount same change in position of the shim ( 3 ). Shim according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that one of the stop marks ( 3q ) is defined as a "zero position" which, during assembly, is determined using the shim ( 3 ) attachment of a rail (S) the starting point for the change in position of the shim ( 3 ). Shim according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the latching marks ( 3q ) are formed as groove-shaped recesses. Shim according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has on its upper side (O) a base ( 3c ) for the rail (S) to be fastened, which in its longitudinal direction (L) of the rail (S) aligned longitudinal sides by a respective support shoulder ( 3d . 3e ) is limited. Shim according to claim 5, characterized in that in its two laterally the support surface ( 3c ) extending side sections in each case one with latching marks ( 3q ) provided sleeve opening ( 3o ) for an eccentric sleeve ( 6a - 6d ) is formed. Shim according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is made of a plastic. Attachment of a rail (S) on a solid base with a support plate (according to one of Claims 1 to 8) ( 3 ), with an eccentric sleeve, which with sliding fit into its associated sleeve opening ( 3o ) of the shim ( 3 ) is fitted, and with a fastener passing through the sleeve opening ( 3o ) of the eccentric sleeve ( 6a - 6d ) inserted the axis of rotation of the eccentric sleeve ( 6a - 6d ) defined, characterized in that the eccentric sleeve ( 6a - 6d ) has in the region of its peripheral surface a form element which, when in the associated sleeve opening ( 3o ) of the shim ( 3 ) inserted eccentric sleeve ( 6a - 6d ) with one of the catch marks ( 3q ) of the sleeve opening ( 3o ) cooperates positively so that the rotational position of the eccentric sleeve ( 6a - 6d ) in the sleeve opening ( 3o ) is fixed. Attachment according to claim 9, characterized in that between the shim ( 3 ) and the solid ground ( 2 ) an intermediate layer ( 4 ) is arranged from an elastic material. Attachment according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the eccentric sleeve ( 6a - 6d ) is formed as a hold-down sleeve and a projecting from its peripheral surface projection ( 3r ), which in the assembled state on the top (O) of the shim ( 3 ) rests. Attachment according to claim 10 and 11, characterized in that the height (He) of the eccentric sleeve ( 6a - 6d ) greater than the thickness of the shim ( 3 ) in the region of its associated sleeve opening ( 3o ). Fastening according to one of claims 9 to 12, characterized in that between the elastic intermediate layer ( 4 ) and the solid ground ( 2 ) a support plate ( 5 ) is arranged. Attachment according to claim 13, characterized in that on the support plate ( 5 ) is formed a receptacle in which the elastic intermediate layer ( 4 ) lies.

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