DE102009033387B4 - Method and device for casting moldings, in particular non-iron anodes - Google Patents

Abstract

Method for casting shaped parts, in particular non-ferrous anodes, comprising a device (1) having at least one mold (2) which is filled with melt at a first location (3) by a melt supply source (4) is subsequently conveyed to a second location (5) and from which the molded part is removed at the second location (5), wherein between the first location (3) and the second location (5) a cooling section (6) is arranged in the the melt filled in the mold (2) is cooled during transport from the first location (3) to the second location (5), so that the melt solidifies to form the molding, characterized in that the cooling of the melt in the region of the cooling zone ( 6) in a controlled manner so that the cooling of the melt in accordance with a predetermined temperature profile (T) over the conveying path (s) or over the delivery time (t), wherein increasing or reducing the cooling of the melt in the mold .. ,

Description

The invention relates to a method for casting moldings, in particular non-iron anodes, with a device having at least one mold, which is filled at a first location by a melt supply source with melt, which is then conveyed to a second location and from which the molding is removed at the second location, wherein between the first location and the second location, a cooling section is arranged, in which the melt filled in the mold is cooled during transport from the first location to the second location, so that the Melt solidified to the molding. Furthermore, the invention relates to a device for casting moldings.

A method of this kind and a device for casting non-iron anodes is known for example from DE 102 18 958 A1 known. In the case of the formation of the casting apparatus as Anodengießkarussell rotates a number of molds about a pivot point on a support. The molds are filled with melt at a filling station. By clocked further rotation, the mold filled with melt passes into a cooling section in which the melt cools and solidifies. The cooling section consists of one or more cooling stations, which can be individually controlled. At a demolding station arranged behind the cooling section, the finished molded parts (anodes) are removed from the molds. So that the solidification of the melt can take place in a sufficient time, the molds are liquid-cooled, for which a cooling medium (cooling water) is sprayed onto the mold and / or anode, so that the solidification time of the melt is reduced. The process parameters, in particular the volume flow of water to the mold, are set per cooling station according to experience.

Said method or the corresponding device is used in particular to produce plate-shaped anodes. In addition to the mentioned DE 102 18 958 A1 also show the DE 103 28 654 A1 , the DE 10 2004 056 524 A1 , the DE 199 62 471 A1 , the AT 106 740 B and the DE 40 16 110 C2 Similar solutions for the casting of non-iron anodes.

The disadvantage here is the not always satisfactory process stability. This is especially true when high production volumes of moldings are present, d. H. when the casting capacity is high. Then, the manufacturing process for producing the moldings can not be performed with the degree of reproducibility that is desirable. The course of the solidification process is difficult to keep constant. Accordingly, quality deterioration of the moldings may occur.

The invention is therefore based on the object, a method and an apparatus for casting moldings, in particular of non-ferrous anodes to propose, with or with which it is possible, the solidification process of the melt in the mold to a high degree reproducible and thus increase the process stability of the manufacturing process. This should also keep the quality high. This is mainly the production of moldings with high production volumes, d. H. allow with high casting capacity.

The solution of this problem by the invention according to the method is characterized in that the cooling of the melt in the region of the cooling section in a controlled manner so that the cooling of the melt and mold according to a predetermined temperature profile over the conveying path or over the conveying time, wherein the increase or to reduce the cooling of the melt in the mold, the volume flow of a cooling medium is adjusted to the mold and / or anode and wherein detects the temperature of each mold by means of a temperature measuring means and the temperature of the mold in the closed loop by changing the volume flow of the cooling medium to a preset value is set.

The thus targeted cooling allows thus a constant outlet temperature of the mold is achieved regardless of the inlet temperature in the cooling section.

The cooling medium is usually water.

The at least one mold is preferably conveyed along a circular path. Particularly preferably, a number of molds along the circular path is promoted (casting carousel), d. H. several molds in succession.

A training provides that at the beginning of the production process, the volume flow of the cooling medium is controlled to the mold so that the mold is heated according to a predetermined temperature profile and so quickly comes to the operating temperature.

The device for casting shaped parts, in particular non-iron anodes, which has at least one mold, wherein at a first location a melt supply source for filling the mold with melt is arranged, wherein means for conveying the mold to a second location are present wherein at the second location means for removing the solidified molded part from the mold are arranged, wherein between the first location and the second location, a cooling section is arranged, in which cooled the melt filled in the mold during transport from the first location to the second location is, so that the melt solidifies to form the molding, and wherein means for applying a cooling medium, in particular cooling water, are present on the mold for cooling, according to the invention characterized by temperature measuring means, with which the temperature of the mold or the melt in the mold can be determined by adjusting means for influencing the volume flow of cooling medium to the mold and by control means to which the temperature measuring means and the adjusting means are connected, with which influencing the adjusting means is possible that the cooling of the melt according to a predetermined target temperature above the Delivery path or over the delivery time takes place, wherein a temperature measuring means is arranged in each mold.

The temperature measuring means is designed to determine the temperature of the mold and / or the melt.

The device is preferably designed as an anode pouring carousel.

While no kokillene specific cooling is provided in the prior art, the invention allows the individual cooling of a single mold, so that the melt can cool according to a precisely predetermined temperature profile.

The temperature of the mold can be measured before it enters the cooling section (cooling tunnel); then an individual cooling of the mold is made by adjusting the amount of cooling water per time at each cooling station, which passes the mold in the course of transport to the second location. At the outlet of the cooling section in turn can be done a control of the mold temperature. All in a closed loop. The molds of the Anodengießkarussells thereafter progressively through the cooling section (the cooling tunnel), which consists of three or more stations. Each cooling station can be controlled separately, which can be realized by appropriate control of motorized control valves in the supply lines for the cooling water. So far, the volume flow of the water was set at the desired level constant.

By measuring the mold temperature in front of and behind the cooling tunnel, each mold can be cooled differently depending on the actual temperature in order to achieve a predetermined setpoint temperature.

The desired setpoint temperature or a desired temperature profile can be specified by the operator of the device. During operation of the device, a variation of the data for optimization can then take place.

Advantageously, can be achieved with the invention that the manufacturing process of the moldings is very stable and reproducible. Accordingly, a high level of quality in the production of the molded parts, in particular the anodes, can be ensured.

It can achieve a very uniform solidification of the melt in the mold. Therefore, in particular with high casting capacities, the stated degree of process stability can be ensured.

Operating errors by the operator are largely limited because only one setpoint temperature or one setpoint temperature profile is specified.

The life of the molds can also be increased by means of the invention.

The invention is preferably used in the context of an anode pouring carousel.

It is particularly advantageous that the invention allows targeted heating of the molds already at the start of production by less or no cooling medium is passed to the mold. Accordingly, a fast and stable startup of the system is made possible by a targeted heating of the molds. It is also possible to block blocked anodes during the cooling cycle.

The invention can be used in both single and double carousels.

In the drawing, an embodiment of the invention is shown. Show it:

1 the top view of an apparatus for casting non-iron anodes, designed as Doppelgießkarussell;

2 the course of the temperature in a mold as a function of the conveying path; and

3 the course of the temperature in a mold as a function of the delivery time.

In the 1 illustrated device 1 for casting moldings in the form of non-iron anodes is designed as a double carousel. There are thus two circular carrier 11 present, at the periphery of a number molds 2 is arranged. At the rotation of the carrier 11 become the molds 2 conveyed in the conveying direction F, as indicated by the arrows. This is where the molds lay 2 along the circumference of the carrier 11 a circular path back, ie go through a conveyor s.

In a first place 3 (Filling station) at a peripheral location of the carrier 11 there is a melt supply source 4 , At this melt of non-ferrous metal in the cavity of the molds 2 cast. When timed moving the molds 2 along the circumference of the carrier 11 get the molds 2 in a cooling section 6 in which the melt cools and the non-ferrous metal solidifies. Upon further rotation in the conveying direction F, the molds 2 to a means 7 for removing the finished molded parts (anodes). These funds 7 are in a second location 5 (Demolding).

Every mold 2 is applied separately in the cooling stations with cooling water (not shown). By means of this coolant application, a desired volume flow (volume per time: dV / dt) of cooling water can be brought to the mold. Accordingly, it is possible to cool the mold to a desired degree to influence the cooling and solidification of the melt. For this purpose, only schematically indicated adjusting means 9 at the mold 2 available.

It is essential that the cooling of the melt in the region of the cooling section 6 is regulated in such a manner that the cooling of the melt according to a predetermined temperature profile T or a target temperature on the conveying path s or over the conveying time t takes place. This is on 2 and 3 pointed out, which is a temperature profile over the conveying path s ( 2 ) or over the delivery time t ( 3 ). The melt passes with a melt temperature T _S in the mold 2 , Until demolding, the melt must be cooled to a temperature T _E , so that the anode is inherently stable. This cooling must be from the point s _{3 in} the first place 3 up to the point s _{5 in} the second place 5 or analogously from time t ₃ to time t ₅ .

To achieve this according to a predetermined temperature profile of the target temperature, each mold is 2 with a temperature sensor 8th provided that the temperature of the mold 2 and thus the melt absorbs. The temperature signal becomes a control means 10 passed that the adjusting means (valves) 9 can influence.

If a temperature is measured which is too high for a defined location, the control means will cause it 10 by appropriate control of the adjustment 9 an increase in the volume flow of the mold 2 acting cooling medium (water). In the opposite case, the volume flow is reduced.

Thus, a desired cooling profile can be driven over the conveying path s or the conveying time t.

Of course, it is also possible to measure the temperature of the mold only in a few places and the Kühlmittelbeaufschlagung the mold 2 then adjust based on these readings. In this case, it is possible in particular to carry out one measurement each before and after the cooling section and then to influence the volume flow accordingly.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Device (anode pouring carousel)

2

mold

3

first place (filling station)

4

Melt supply source

5

second place (demoulding station)

6

cooling section

7

Means for removing the molding

8th

Temperature measuring means (temperature sensor)

9

adjustment

10

control means

11

carrier

F

conveying direction

T

Temperature / target temperature

T _S

melt temperature

T _E

mold removal

s

conveying

s ₃

Way at the first place 3

s ₅

Way at the second place 5

t

delivery time

t ₃

Time at the first place 3

t ₅

Time at the second place 5

Claims (6)

Method for casting molded parts, in particular non-iron anodes, with a device ( 1 ), the at least one mold ( 2 ), which at a first location ( 3 ) from a melt supply source ( 4 ) is filled with melt, which subsequently to a second location ( 5 ) and from the second place ( 5 ) the molding is removed, wherein between the first location ( 3 ) and the second place ( 5 ) a cooling line ( 6 ) is arranged, in which the in the mold ( 2 ) filled melt during transport from the first place ( 3 ) to the second place ( 5 ) is cooled, so that solidifies the melt to the molding, characterized in that the cooling of the melt in the region of the cooling section ( 6 ) is carried out in a controlled manner so that the cooling of the melt according to a predetermined temperature profile (T) over the conveying path (s) or over the conveying time (t), wherein to increase or reduce the cooling of the melt in the mold ( 2 ) the volume flow of a cooling medium to the mold ( 2 ) and or Anode is set and where on each mold ( 2 ) the temperature by means of a temperature measuring means ( 8th ) and the temperature of the mold ( 2 ) is adjusted in the closed loop by changing the flow rate of the cooling medium to a predetermined value. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one mold ( 2 ) is conveyed along a circular path. Method according to claim 2, characterized in that a plurality of molds ( 2 ) are conveyed along the circular path. Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that at the beginning of the production process, the volume flow of the cooling medium to the mold ( 2 ) is regulated so that the mold ( 2 ) is heated according to a predetermined temperature profile. Contraption ( 1 ) for casting moldings, in particular non-iron anodes, the at least one mold ( 2 ), wherein at a first location ( 3 ) a melt supply source ( 4 ) for filling the mold ( 2 ) is arranged with melt, wherein means for conveying the mold ( 2 ) to a second location ( 5 ), where at the second location ( 5 ) Medium ( 7 ) for removing the solidified molding from the mold ( 2 ), wherein between the first location ( 3 ) and the second place ( 5 ) a cooling line ( 6 ) is arranged, in which the in the mold ( 2 ) filled melt during transport from the first place ( 3 ) to the second place ( 5 ) is cooled, so that the melt solidifies to form the molding, and wherein means for applying a cooling medium, in particular cooling water, on the mold ( 2 ) are provided for their cooling, in particular for carrying out the method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by temperature measuring means ( 8th ), with which the temperature (T) of the mold ( 2 ) or the melt in the mold ( 2 ), setting means ( 9 ) for influencing the volume flow of cooling medium to the mold ( 2 ) and control means ( 10 ), with which the temperature measuring means ( 8th ) and the adjustment means ( 9 ), the control means ( 10 ) the adjusting means ( 9 ) for cooling the melt in accordance with a predetermined target temperature (T) over the conveying path (s) or over the conveying time (t), wherein in each mold ( 2 ) a temperature measuring means ( 8th ) is arranged. Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that it is designed as Anodengießkarussell.

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