DE102009023885A1 - Adapter for a fluorescent lamp and method for operating a fluorescent lamp - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an adapter (10a, 10b) for a fluorescent lamp (14) having a first (16a) and a second coil (16b), comprising at least one first coupling device (24a, 24b) with at least one first (46a, 46b). and a second connection (48a, 48b) for coupling the adapter (10a, 10b) to a lamp (12a, 12b), and at least one second coupling device (26a, 26b) having at least a first (50a), a second (52a). a third (50b) and a fourth terminal (52b) for coupling the adapter (10a, 10b) to the fluorescent lamp (14), the adapter (10a, 10b) having a first filament heater (32a) for heating the first filament (16a ) and a second coil heater (32b) for heating the second coil (16b). It also relates to a method for operating a fluorescent lamp (14) having a first (16a) and a second coil (16b) in a low-frequency lamp (12a, 12b), which has a series connection coupled to the connection for the fluorescent lamp (14). Throttle includes.

Description

Technical area

The The present invention relates to an adapter for a fluorescent lamp with a first and a second helix comprising at least a first helix Coupling device with at least a first and a second Connection for coupling the adapter with a light, and at least a second coupling device with at least a first, a second, a third and a fourth connection for coupling the adapter with the fluorescent lamp. It also concerns a method for operating a fluorescent lamp in Hf mode with a first and a second coil in a Nf light, the one serially coupled to the connection for the fluorescent lamp Nf throttle includes.

State of the art

From the DE 198 53 138 C1 a circuit arrangement for energy-efficient operation of a fluorescent tube is known. In this case, an adapter is provided which allows the operation of a fluorescent lamp in a Nf light. The use of fluorescent lamps in Nf luminaires enables more efficient operation. Moreover, the stroboscopic effect is prevented, ie the flickering of the light in the 100 Hz rhythm, since in Hf operation, the positive pillar of the lamp is constantly light-emitting and does not go out continuously with the said frequency. By means of this known adapter, one of the filaments of the HF fluorescent tube is preheated. In the presentation of 1 the cited document, this is the left helix, which there with 1c is designated. The starter of the Nf light, there with 5 is bridged by means of a fuse. Although in the known adapter a Hf-choke (there with 79 is provided), the Nf throttle remains (there with 4 also called active in RF operation. The Nf choke serves as a mains filter and thus contributes to the reduction of EMC interference. When using such an adapter during operation of the lamp on a motion detector have undesirably early and frequent failures of the fluorescent lamps used in the Nf lamp result.

Presentation of the invention

The Object of the present invention is therefore a generic adapter and a generic Further develop a method such that the life of the in the Nf lamp used fluorescent lamp is extended, this especially when the lamp is operated on a motion detector.

These Task is solved by an adapter with the features of claim 1 and by a method with the features of claim 20.

The present invention is based on the finding that in which from the DE 198 53 138 C1 Known adapter therefore no reliable operation of the Nf-lamp with inserted fluorescent lamp on a motion detector is possible because the adapter used there only ei ne one-sided Wendelvorheizung allows. The unheated coil is therefore continually exposed to a cold start. This results in an increased material removal at the relevant helix and leads to a reduction of the switching strength. Because the adapter according to the invention is designed to heat both coils, this unwanted removal of material from the coils is avoided, as a result of which the switching stability of the fluorescent lamp is significantly increased. This results in that even an operation on a motion detector, which is characterized by a particularly high switching frequency, is made possible by means of the adapter according to the invention. By preheating the two coils, moreover, the ignition voltage can be reduced by about 30%, whereby much lower demands on the involved electronic components exist. This leads to a significant cost reduction. Each coupling device comprises on the one hand holding and on the other hand contact devices.

at In a preferred embodiment, the adapter further comprises a control device for controlling the first and the second Wendelheizvorrichtung with the first and the second Wendelheizvorrichtung is coupled. In this case, the control device can be designed the first and the second coil heater for preheating the first and the second coil to drive. This offers, as already above explains the advantage of increased switching resistance the fluorescent lamp. Particularly preferably, the control device alternatively or additionally be designed, the first and the second Wendelheizvorrichtung for continuous heating of the first and to drive second coil. This will be the possibility a dimming operation of the fluorescent lamp provided in the Nf light. Dimming can save up to 50% energy be achieved in comparison to the undimmed variant, for example if an adaptive lighting control involving the Ambient light levels is realized. The dimming takes place via a reduction of the lamp current. At the same time, the coil heating must both coils can be increased to a suitable value. This is done according to the common model of sum-of-squares.

Preferably, the adapter comprises an electronic ballast, the series circuit of a Rectifier and an inverter, wherein the inverter is designed to provide at its output a Hf alternating current, in particular a Hf alternating current with a frequency between 40 kHz and 110 kHz. Furthermore, the electronic ballast preferably comprises a RF choke, which is coupled in series between the inverter and the first terminal of the second coupling device.

Prefers is the second Wendelheizvorrichtung between the first and the second terminal of the first coupling device coupled. It can to realize a preheating a PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient) resistance. The PTC resistor is after the Switching on the low-frequency lamp low impedance and thereby enables a preheating of the second coil. With increasing operating time the PTC resistor becomes high impedance, eliminating the preheating of the second coil is ended. With suitable dimensioning are the end of preheating the second coil the conditions for the ignition given to the fluorescent lamp. The preheating of the first coil will however, electronically controlled by the control device. Prefers This is the first Wendelheizvorrichtung also from the control device energized, so that the first Wendelheizvorrichtung too without operation of the power units of the electronic ballast, that means in particular rectifier and inverter, operated can be. If a pre-heating and a continuous heating of the coil is desired, the second Wendelheizvorrichtung is preferably with an electronic Switch, realized in particular in the form of a thyristor. The connection of a thyristor circuit offers even with a "preheat only" the Advantage of an increased switching frequency, as in use a PTC resistor after switching off the fluorescent lamp a certain waiting time for cooling the PTC necessary is while the fluorescent lamp is not back should be turned on, otherwise a cold start with the mentioned negative side effects would be performed. If the preheating of the second coil by means of a thyristor controlled, the fluorescent lamp can immediately after switching off again be turned on.

Prefers is the second Wendelheizvorrichtung parallel to the input of the electronic Ballast switched. This will, for example in realization of the second Wendelheizvorrichtung by a PTC resistor parallel to the power section of the electronic ballast the energy up to the high resistance of the PTC resistor of the second Wendelheizvorrichtung fed while the first Helical heater via the control device with power is supplied. When Hochohmigwerden the PTC resistor is then the Preheating the second coil disabled and the power section the electronic ballast is put into operation, about the ignition and the normal operation of the fluorescent lamp to enable.

Of the Adapter may be integrally formed, wherein the first Coupling device on a first side of the adapter and the second coupling device on a second, the first opposite Side of the adapter is arranged. This allows the adapter for the operation of Hf compact fluorescent lamps in Nf lights are used.

alternative the adapter can be made in two parts and a first and a second adapter part, wherein the first adapter part a first first coupling device and the first and the second Connection of the second coupling device comprises, wherein the second Adapter part a second first coupling device and the third and comprises the fourth terminal of the second coupling device. This allows an adapter for rod-shaped Realize fluorescent lamps. The first one is preferred in each case Coupling device on a first side of the first and / or second adapter part and the respective terminals of each second coupling device on a second side of the arranged first and / or second adapter part, wherein each of the first side of the second side opposite. To the Nf light to upgrade for operation with a fluorescent lamp, is therefore the first adapter part on one side and the second Adapter part on the second Be te the Nf light used. Subsequently the fluorescent lamp can be used.

The Electronic ballast can still be a device for power factor correction, on the one hand the function of a network filter and on the other hand, the actual function of the power factor correction realized. In the known adapter takes over the function the mains filter, as mentioned, the NF-throttle, there with 4 designates. By using a power factor correction device significantly better EMC values can be achieved. It is preferred the control device via the power factor correction device powered, d. H. not over the inverter of the electronic ballast, allowing one operation the control device already before activation of the electronic Ballast, d. H. especially in the preheating phase, is possible.

Preferably, in an adapter according to the invention in two-part design of the adapter, the first and the second adapter part via a bridged starter power of the lamp connected to each other conductively. The starter line is available in the Nf light anyway and therefore can be present be used for the preheating of the second coil, if both Wendelheizvorrichtungen - preferably together with the electronic ballast - are summarized in the first adapter part. Accordingly, the first adapter part represents an active adapter part, while the second adapter part implements a passive adapter part.

Prefers The adapter further comprises at least one LED coupled to the control device is, with the control device is designed, the LED always or according to specifiable criteria, in particular with a shutdown of the Inverter and / or a defect of the fluorescent lamp to activate. This can easily cause a defect of the fluorescent lamp be recognized. In addition, it is an emergency lighting functionality integrated, the emergency lighting or orientation lighting realized.

Farther Preferably, the electronic ballast comprises a Ignition device coupled to the control device is. Thus, the control device preferably controls the preheating, Permanent heating, ignition, operation and also prefers the Shutdown at end of life (EoL detection) of the fluorescent lamp.

at A preferred embodiment provides that the adapter comprises an interface for supplying a dimming signal, wherein the interface is coupled to the control device.

The Dimming signal corresponds to a control signal for the dimming level and can be realized in different ways, for example by a powerline modem, by means of on the supply network, d. H. the AC supply voltage, modulated signals, here in particular phase angle and phase section signals into consideration come through a wireless solution (ENOCEAN), through infrared technology (Remote control by means of an infrared receiver diode), acoustics, that is, by means of a clapper or voice control, or VARIO functionality, where the dimming level is On and Off sequences is set.

With The interface may be coupled to a motion detector and / or a photodiode for daylight-dependent control. Especially Preferably, the control device is designed, from between the first and second terminals of the first coupling device in operation signal to determine dimming information. In this case, the dimming information can be obtained in particular by phase-angle or phase section control.

In Another preferred embodiment is both in active adapter part as well as in the passive adapter part in each case at least a fuse provided serially to the respective coil. Thereby there is no polarity request to the supply. This opens up the possibility of an inventive Adapter for mobile lights, that is for Luminaires of protection class 2 (without protective earthing) to be used.

Further advantageous embodiments will become apparent from the dependent claims.

The presented with reference to the adapter according to the invention preferred embodiments and their advantages apply accordingly, as applicable, for the inventive Method.

In addition to the method according to the invention the following should be noted: In contrast to that of the DE 198 53 138 C1 known adapter, the Nf-choke is bridged according to the invention, whereby a significantly improved cos phi of the Nf-light is made possible. This means that the reactive power component has dropped significantly compared to the known solution. By bridging the Nf-throttle can also realize a significant energy savings, resulting in a typical efficiency increase of 5 to 10%. The NF throttle is preferably bridged with a luster terminal.

Farther preferred is a light compensation capacitor optionally present in the luminaire away. This is used in the prior art - if available - for Achievement of the required cos phi. He is usually connected in the luminaire parallel to the mains connection. As with the present Invention, the power factor correction reaches a cos phi of about 1, would be the total luminaire including the luminaire compensation capacitor strongly overcompensated by capacitance. Moreover, can by the removal of the luminaire compensation capacitor by This capacitor caused power consumption to be saved.

Short description of the drawing (s)

in the Hereinafter, embodiments of the present Invention with reference to the accompanying drawings described in more detail. Show it:

1 a schematic representation of a first embodiment of an adapter according to the invention;

2 a schematic representation of a second embodiment of an adapter according to the invention; and

3 in a schematic representation of a third embodiment of an adapter according to the invention.

Preferred embodiment the invention

1 shows a schematic representation of a first embodiment of an adapter according to the invention, wherein the adapter 10a . 10b in a Nf light, in particular their lamp sockets 12a . 12b , is inserted and in the adapter 10a . 10b in turn a fluorescent lamp 14 is used. The fluorescent lamp 14 includes a first coil 16a and a second coil 16b , The first adapter part 10a is referred to as an active adapter part. In this case, all active components are summarized here. The second adapter part 10b however, is referred to as a passive adapter part and includes only passive components.

The lamp holders 12a . 12b are on the one hand connected to an AC voltage source U _N , on the other hand via a starter line 18 that a starter 20 includes, by means of a bridge 22 is bridged, interconnected. Each adapter part 10a . 10b has a first coupling device 24a . 24b on to the coupling of the respective adapter part 10a . 10b with the lamp holders 12a . 12b , as well as a second coupling device 26a . 26b for coupling the respective adapter part 10a . 10b with the fluorescent lamp 14 , The coupling device 24a includes a first port 46a and a second connection 48a while the coupling device 24b a first connection 46b and a second connection 48b includes. The coupling device 26a includes a first port 50a and a second connection 52a while the coupling device 26b a first connection 50b and a second connection 52b includes.

First to the active adapter part 10a : This includes a fuse 28a that are serial to the line 30a is arranged, which is the light socket 12a with the AC voltage source U _N connects. This is followed by a Wendelheizvorrichtung 32b used for preheating and / or continuous heating of the coil 16b serves. All you have to do is preheat the coil 16b , is the spiral heater 32b preferably realized in the form of a PTC resistor between the line 30a and the line 18 is coupled. As a result, as long as the PTC resistor is cool, energization of the coil 16b allows. The preheating of the helix 16b is therefore effected by means of an Nf signal, wherein the Nf frequency corresponds to the frequency of the alternating voltage U _N. With increasing temperature, that is with increasing preheating time of the helix 16b , the PTC resistor becomes high impedance. In parallel, regardless of the resistance of the PTC resistor, the circuit part of the active adapter part 10a that on the Wendelheizvorrichtung 32b follows, supplies. If a Wendelvor- and-Dauerheizung or only a Wendeldauer heating can be realized, is the Wendelheizvorrichtung 32b preferably actively realized, in particular by means of a thyristor. In this case, the thyristor of a control device 34 driven.

On the spiral heater 32b follows an electronic ballast 36 with a power factor correction device 38 , which in the present case comprises a rectifier, as well as a power unit 40 In particular, it comprises the series connection of an inverter and a high-frequency choke. Without affecting the function of the rectifier can also between the Wendelheizvorrichtung 32b and the device 38 be arranged for power factor correction.

The device 38 for power factor correction is shown in more detail (without their rectifier) and can be realized for example by a boost converter with a boost inductor L _B , a boost diode D _B and a boost switch S _B. On a capacitor C _Zw , the so-called intermediate _{circuit voltage} U _{Zw is} provided. This supplies the inverter of the power unit 40 , wherein the inverter preferably comprises a half-bridge arrangement having a first S1 and a second switch S2 (see detailed illustration). Between the switches S1, S2, a half-bridge center BM is defined, which via a Hf-inductor L _Hf serially with the helix 16a is coupled. The switch S _{B of} the device 38 for power factor correction and the switches S1, S2 of the inverter are from the control device 34 driven. This also controls an ignition device 42 and a helical heater 32a for heating the coil 16a , The spiral heating device 32a preferably comprises an active circuit, so that the helix 16a preheated with a Hf signal. The control device 34 is about the device 38 energized for power factor correction, in turn, for preheating the filament 16a the spiral heater 32a controls. The spiral heating device 32a regardless of whether it is to be pre-heated or permanently heated, via the power section 40 , in particular from the inverter, supplied with energy.

The active adapter part further comprises an interface 54 that also with the control device 34 is coupled. the interface 54 is used in particular for supplying a dimming signal, wherein the control device 34 depending on the dimming signal, the continuous heating of the filaments 16a . 16b regulates. By continuous heating here is not only a continuous heating to understand, but also a repeated, continuous heating at predetermined intervals, which may also vary.

In the active adapter part 10a is also one of the control device 34 controlled, at least one LED 44 intended. It can be provided that the LED 44 always or according to predefinable criteria from the control device 34 is activated. The switch-off of the inverter S1, S2 and / or a defect of the fluorescent lamp can be subject to these predefinable criteria 14 fall.

To the passive adapter part 10b : The passive adapter part 10b also includes a fuse and that the fuse 28b , the serial to the line 30b is switched. This is both in the first 10a as well as in the second adapter part 10b provided a backup, so it does not matter on which side of the first 10a and the second adapter part 10b in the lamp holders 12a . 12b be used.

While 1 shows a two-piece adapter, the show 2 and 3 Embodiments with a one-piece adapter that allows, for example, the operation of Hf compact fluorescent lamps in a Nf light.

The referring to 1 introduced reference numerals are used for the in 2 and 3 shown embodiments and not re-introduced. In contrast to the representation of 1 are in the embodiments of 2 and 3 the connections 50a . 52a . 50b . 52b on one side of the adapter 10 , the connections 46 . 48 , on the other side of the adapter 10 arranged.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• - DE 19853138 C1 [0002, 0005, 0022]

Claims (20)

Adapter ( 10a . 10b ) for a fluorescent lamp ( 14 ) with a first ( 16a ) and a second coil ( 16b ) - at least one first coupling device ( 24a . 24b ; 24 ) with at least a first ( 46a . 46b ; 46 ) and a second connection ( 48a . 48b ; 48 ) for coupling the adapter ( 10a . 10b ) with a lamp ( 12a . 12b ), and - at least one second coupling device ( 26a . 26b ; 26 ) with at least a first ( 50a ), a second ( 52a ), a third ( 50b ) and a fourth connection ( 52b ) for coupling the adapter ( 10a . 10b ) with the fluorescent lamp ( 14 ); characterized in that the adapter ( 10a . 10b ) a first spiral heating device ( 32a ) for heating the first coil ( 16a ) and a second spiral heating device ( 32b ) for heating the second coil ( 16b ). Adapter ( 10a . 10b ) according to claim 1, characterized in that the adapter ( 10a . 10b ) further comprises a control device ( 34 ) used to control the first ( 32a ) and the second Wendelheizvorrichtung ( 32b ) with the first ( 32a ) and the second Wendelheizvorrichtung ( 32b ) is coupled. Adapter ( 10a . 10b ) according to claim 2, characterized in that the control device ( 34 ), the first ( 32a ) and the second spiral heating device ( 32b ) to preheat the first ( 16a ) and the second helix ( 16b ) head for. Adapter ( 10a . 10b ) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the control device ( 34 ), the first ( 32a ) and the second spiral heating device ( 32b ) for continuous heating of the first ( 16a ) and second helix ( 16b ) head for. Adapter ( 10a . 10b ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adapter ( 10a . 10b ) an electronic ballast ( 36 ), which comprises the series connection of a rectifier and an inverter (S1, S2), wherein the inverter (S1, S2) is designed, at its output a Hf alternating current, in particular a Hf alternating current with a frequency between 40 kHz and 110 kHz, provide. Adapter ( 10a . 10b ) according to claim 5, characterized in that the electronic ballast ( 36 ) comprises an RF choke (L _Hf ) connected in series between the inverter (S1, S2) and the first terminal ( 50a ) of the second coupling device ( 26a . 26b ; 26 ) is coupled. Adapter ( 10a . 10b ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second spiral heating device ( 32b ) between the first ( 46a . 46b ; 46 ) and the second port ( 48a . 48b ; 48 ) of the first coupling device ( 24a . 24b ; 24 ) is coupled. Adapter ( 10a . 10b ) according to claim 7, characterized in that the second spiral heating device ( 32b ) comprises a PTC resistor. Adapter ( 10a . 10b ) according to claim 7, characterized in that the second spiral heating device ( 32b ) comprises an active circuit, in particular a thyristor circuit. Adapter ( 10a . 10b ) according to one of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that the second spiral heating device ( 32b ) parallel to the input of the electronic ballast ( 36 ) is switched. Adapter ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adapter ( 10a . 10b ) is formed integrally, wherein the first coupling device ( 24 ) on a first side of the adapter ( 10 ) and the second coupling device ( 26 ) on a second, the first opposite side of the adapter ( 10 ) is arranged. Adapter ( 10a . 10b ) according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the adapter ( 10a . 10b ) is made in two parts and a first ( 10a ) and a second adapter part ( 10b ), wherein the first adapter part ( 10a ) a first first coupling device ( 24a ) and the first ( 50a ) and the second port ( 52a ) of the second coupling device ( 26a ), wherein the second adapter part ( 10b ) a second first coupling device ( 24b ) and the third ( 50b ) and the fourth connection ( 52b ) of the second coupling device ( 26b ). Adapter ( 10a . 10b ) according to claim 12, characterized in that the respective first coupling device ( 24a ; 24b ) on a first page of the first ( 10a ) and / or second adapter part ( 10b ) and the respective connections ( 50a . 52a ; 50b . 52b ) of the respective second coupling device ( 26a . 26b ) on a second side of the first ( 10a ) and / or second adapter part ( 10b ), wherein each of the first side of the second side is opposite. Adapter ( 10a . 10b ) according to one of claims 12 or 13, characterized in that the first ( 10a ) and the second adapter part ( 10b ) via a bridged starter line ( 18 ) of the luminaire ( 12a . 12b ) are conductively connected to each other. Adapter ( 10a . 10b ) according to one of claims 2 to 14, characterized in that the Ad apter ( 10a . 10b ) at least one LED ( 44 ) associated with the control device ( 34 ), the control device ( 34 ), the LED ( 44 ) always or according to predefinable criteria, in particular when the inverter (S1, S2) and / or a defect of the fluorescent lamp ( 14 ), to activate. Adapter ( 10a . 10b ) according to one of claims 2 to 15, characterized in that the electronic ballast ( 36 ) a device ( 38 ) for power factor correction associated with the control device ( 34 ) is coupled. Adapter ( 10a . 10b ) according to one of claims 2 to 16, characterized in that the electronic ballast ( 36 ) an ignition device ( 42 ) associated with the control device ( 34 ) is coupled. Adapter ( 10a . 10b ) according to one of claims 2 to 17, characterized in that the adapter ( 10a . 10b ) an interface ( 54 ) for supplying a dimming signal, wherein the interface ( 54 ) with the control device ( 34 ) is coupled. Adapter ( 10a . 10b ) according to one of claims 2 to 18, characterized in that the control device ( 34 ) from which between the first ( 46a ) and the second connection ( 48a ) of the first coupling device ( 24a ) signal in operation to determine a dimming information. Method for operating a fluorescent lamp ( 14 ) with a first ( 16a ) and a second coil ( 16b ) in a Nf light ( 12a . 12b ), which is a serial connection to the fluorescent lamp ( 14 ) comprises the following steps: a) bypassing the Nf throttle; b) coupling an adapter ( 10a . 10b ) between the fluorescent lamp ( 14 ) and the Nf light ( 12a . 12b ); and c) heating the first coil ( 16a ) by means of a first spiral heating device ( 32a ) of the adapter ( 10a . 10b ) and heating the second coil ( 16b ) by means of a second spiral heating device ( 32b ) of the adapter ( 10a . 10b ).