DE102009011483A1 - Method for separating carbon dioxide from flue gas mixture, involves concentrating different gas components in radial sequential layers, and removing individual gas component with highest density from outermost radial sequential layer - Google Patents
Method for separating carbon dioxide from flue gas mixture, involves concentrating different gas components in radial sequential layers, and removing individual gas component with highest density from outermost radial sequential layer Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DE102009011483A1 DE102009011483A1 DE102009011483A DE102009011483A DE102009011483A1 DE 102009011483 A1 DE102009011483 A1 DE 102009011483A1 DE 102009011483 A DE102009011483 A DE 102009011483A DE 102009011483 A DE102009011483 A DE 102009011483A DE 102009011483 A1 DE102009011483 A1 DE 102009011483A1
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- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- carbon dioxide
- flue gas
- containers
- container
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002013 dioxins Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 2
- XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur monoxide Chemical class S=O XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052815 sulfur oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003776 cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009420 retrofitting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013517 stratification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005200 wet scrubbing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04B—CENTRIFUGES
- B04B5/00—Other centrifuges
- B04B5/08—Centrifuges for separating predominantly gaseous mixtures
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/24—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by centrifugal force
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/62—Carbon oxides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04B—CENTRIFUGES
- B04B11/00—Feeding, charging, or discharging bowls
- B04B11/04—Periodical feeding or discharging; Control arrangements therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/50—Carbon oxides
- B01D2257/504—Carbon dioxide
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
- Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
- Y02C20/40—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zum Abtrennen von Gaskomponenten, insbesondere von Kohlendioxyd aus einem Gasgemisch, insbesondere Rauchgas.The The invention relates to a method and a device for separating of gas components, in particular of carbon dioxide from a gas mixture, in particular flue gas.
Offizielle Prognosen der Klimaveränderung basieren zu einem nicht unerheblichen Teil auf einer anthropogenen Erhöhung der Kohlenstoffdioxydkonstellation in der Erdatmosphäre.official Forecasts of climate change are based to a not inconsiderable extent on an anthropogenic increase the carbon dioxide constellation in the earth's atmosphere.
Zur Abspaltung von Kohlendioxyd aus Rauchgasen sind verschiedene Verfahren bekannt. Sie reichen von chemischen Nasswäschen nach der Verbrennung über Kohlevergasung bis zur Verbrennung fossiler Brennstoffe mit reinem Sauerstoff. Das Ziel ist dabei, Kohlenstoffdioxyd in unterirdische Lagerstätten zu verbringen und dadurch aus der Atmosphäre fern zu halten. Man hofft, dadurch den Treibhauseffekt zu verringern. Deutschland verfügt nach Angaben des Umweltbundesamtes über bedeutende Speicherkapazitäten in ehemaligen Gasfeldern und Salinen Aquiferen zur Speicherung von Kohlenstoffdioxyd.to Cleavage of carbon dioxide from flue gases are different methods known. They range from chemical wet scrubbing after burning to coal gasification until the burning of fossil fuels with pure oxygen. The goal is to add carbon dioxide into underground deposits spend and thereby keep out of the atmosphere. One hopes, thereby reducing the greenhouse effect. Germany is after Information of the Federal Environment Agency about significant storage capacities in former gas fields and salt mines aquifers for storage of Carbon dioxide.
Die bekannten Verfahren sind allerdings sehr aufwendig und energieintensiv.The However, known methods are very expensive and energy-intensive.
Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung besteht darin, ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zum Abtrennen von Gaskomponenten, insbesondere von Kohlendioxyd, aus einem Gasgemisch, insbesondere aus Rauchgas an zugeben, mit dem/der Kohlendioxyd aus Rauchgasen mit geringem Aufwand und Energieeinsatz abtrennbar ist.The The object of the present invention is a method and a device for separating gas components, in particular of carbon dioxide, from a gas mixture, in particular from flue gas to indicate with the / the carbon dioxide from flue gases with low Effort and energy input can be separated.
Diese Aufgabe wird verfahrensmäßig durch die Merkmale des Anspruches 1 und vorrichtungsmäßig durch die Merkmale des Anspruches 2 gelöst.These Task is procedurally through the features of claim 1 and device by the features of Claim 2 solved.
Vorteilhafte und zweckmäßige Weiterbildungen sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.advantageous and appropriate training are in the subclaims specified.
Die Erfindung geht von der physikalischen Tatsache aus, dass die einzelnen Gasanteile im Rauchgas unterschiedliche Dichte aufweisen und schlägt vor, das Rauchgas Zentrifugalkräften auszusetzen, um so eine Trennung des Rauchgases in die einzelnen Fraktionen zu bewirken.The Invention is based on the physical fact that the individual Gas components in the flue gas have different density and suggests the flue gas centrifugal forces to suspend, so as to separate the flue gas into the individual Effect fractions.
Die wichtigsten Gasanteile in Abgasen sind Luftstickstoff, Kohlenstoffdioxyd, Restsauerstoff, Schwefeloxide, Salzsäure, Kohlenstoffmonoxyd, Schwermetalle, Dioxine, Feinstaub, Ruß, Flugasche und Wasserdampf. Schwefeloxyde, Salzsäure, Kohlenstoffmonoxid, Schwermetalle, Dioxine, Feinstaub, Ruß, Flugasche und Wasserdampf werden zur Zeit schon mit marktüblichen Verfahren auf Konzentrationswerte nach dem Bundesimmissionsschutzgesetz und der TA-Luft reduziert. Dabei wird auch der Wassergehalt verringert. Der Restsauerstoff kann je nach Brennstoff mit stöchiometrischen Verbrennungsverfahren auf Werte zwischen 1 und 4 Volumenprozent reduziert werden.The The most important gas components in exhaust gases are atmospheric nitrogen, carbon dioxide, Residual oxygen, sulfur oxides, hydrochloric acid, carbon monoxide, heavy metals, Dioxins, particulate matter, soot, Fly ash and water vapor. Sulfur oxides, hydrochloric acid, carbon monoxide, heavy metals, Dioxins, particulate matter, soot, Fly ash and water vapor are already using commercially available Procedure for concentration values according to the Federal Immission Control Act and the TA-Luft reduced. This also reduces the water content. The residual oxygen can be stoichiometric depending on the fuel Combustion process to values between 1 and 4 percent by volume be reduced.
Damit
ergeben sich etwa folgende Gasanteile im vorgereinigten Rauchgas:
Das bedeutet, dass die Dichte von Kohlendioxyd um ca. 58 Prozent höher ist als Stickstoff und um ca. 38 Prozent höher ist als Sauerstoff.The means that the density of carbon dioxide is about 58 percent higher as nitrogen and about 38 percent higher than oxygen.
Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung kann sowohl bei neuen Verbrennungskraftwerken als auch in Nachrüstung bestehender Kraftwerke zum Einsatz kommen. Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung kann als autarkes Modul zwischen einer vorhandenen Rauchgasreinigungsanlage und einem Kamin geschaltet werden. Der benötigte Energieaufwand beschränkt sich dabei lediglich auf die notwendige Rotationsenergie der Gasmassen. Diese kann bei einem Auffangen der getrennten Gase als kinetische Energie und Druckenergie zum Teil weiterverwendet werden. Der Energieaufwand pro Tonne abgtrenntem Kohlendioxyd ist sicherlich deutlich geringer als der zu erwartende Preis für entsprechende Verschmutzungsrechte, so dass man mit einer recht schnellen Anlagenamortisierung rechnen kann. Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung kann gegebenenfalls als „Kohlendioxyd-Staubsauger” in der Atmosphäre eingesetzt werden, um Kohlendioxyd aus der Atmosphäre nachträglich abzutrennen.The inventive device can be used both in new combustion plants as well as in retrofitting existing Power plants are used. The inventive device can be self-sufficient Module between an existing flue gas cleaning system and a Fireplace switched. The needed Energy consumption limited only the necessary rotational energy of the gas masses. This can be when collecting the separated gases as kinetic Energy and pressure energy are partly reused. The energy expenditure per ton of separated carbon dioxide is certainly much lower as the expected price for appropriate pollution rights, so that one with a fairly fast Asset amortization can count. The device according to the invention may optionally be referred to as "carbon dioxide vacuum cleaner" in the the atmosphere be used to subsequently separate carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.
Die Erfindung soll nachfolgend anhand der beigefügten Zeichnung, in der ein Ausführungsbeispiel dargestellt ist, näher erläutert werden.The invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which an embodiment is explained in more detail.
Es zeigt:It shows:
Gleiche und einander entsprechende Teile sind in den Figuren der Zeichnung mit den gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen.Same and corresponding parts are in the figures of the drawing provided with the same reference numerals.
Die
Zeichnung zeigt eine Vorrichtung
Die
Behälter
Die
Behälter
In
den Rauchgas-Zuführrohren
In
den Behältern
Die Behälter sind vorzugsweise scheibenförmig flach ausgebildet, wodurch die einzelnen Gasanteile bzw. Gaskomponenten relativ rein aus der durch die Zentrifugation entstehenden Gasschichtung abgelassen werden können. Für größere Massenströme können mehrere Behälterschichten übereinander aufgebaut werden.The container are preferably disc-shaped formed flat, whereby the individual gas components or gas components relatively pure from the resulting by the centrifugation gas stratification can be drained. For larger mass flows, several Container layers on top of each other being constructed.
Die
Auslassrohre
Durch seine große Dichte im Rauchgasgemisch wird Kohlendioxyd außen abgetrennt. Je genauer der Abtrennprozess geführt wird, können auch noch andere Gasanteile an anderen Behältergeometrien abgegriffen werden. In diesem Zusammenhang wäre auch eine Vereinfachung der Rauchgasvorreinigung möglich.By his size Density in the flue gas mixture, carbon dioxide is separated on the outside. The more accurate the separation process led will, can also other gas shares in other container geometries tapped become. In this context would be also a simplification of the flue gas pre-cleaning possible.
Der
Wirkungsgrad der Abtrennung wird unter anderem von der Verweildauer
einer Rauchgas-Charge im rotierenden Behälter abhängen. Um dennoch einen kontinuierlichen
Verfahrensablauf zu erreichen, wird der Rauchgasstrom je nach Anzahl
der einzelnen Behälter
im Rotationskörper
aufgeteilt. Im einfachsten Fall mit drei Behältern werden die Gaseinlassventile
und damit auch die Gasauslassventile dreiphasig angesteuert. Beim
Vorsehen von sechs Behältern
würde die
Ansteuerung sechsphasig erfolgen usw., vgl
Claims (15)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102009011483A DE102009011483A1 (en) | 2009-03-06 | 2009-03-06 | Method for separating carbon dioxide from flue gas mixture, involves concentrating different gas components in radial sequential layers, and removing individual gas component with highest density from outermost radial sequential layer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102009011483A DE102009011483A1 (en) | 2009-03-06 | 2009-03-06 | Method for separating carbon dioxide from flue gas mixture, involves concentrating different gas components in radial sequential layers, and removing individual gas component with highest density from outermost radial sequential layer |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE102009011483A1 true DE102009011483A1 (en) | 2010-09-09 |
Family
ID=42538496
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102009011483A Ceased DE102009011483A1 (en) | 2009-03-06 | 2009-03-06 | Method for separating carbon dioxide from flue gas mixture, involves concentrating different gas components in radial sequential layers, and removing individual gas component with highest density from outermost radial sequential layer |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE102009011483A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP4247520A4 (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2025-06-11 | ASE, Alternative Solar Energy Engine AB. | Method and device for separation and selection of molecules in a gas mixture |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4292051A (en) * | 1979-03-29 | 1981-09-29 | Kime Wellesley R | Apparatus and method for centrifugal fluid separator |
| DE4437340A1 (en) * | 1993-11-04 | 1995-05-11 | Peter Weinmann | Centrifuge with a rotational body which is arranged so as to be rotatable about its axis of symmetry |
-
2009
- 2009-03-06 DE DE102009011483A patent/DE102009011483A1/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4292051A (en) * | 1979-03-29 | 1981-09-29 | Kime Wellesley R | Apparatus and method for centrifugal fluid separator |
| DE4437340A1 (en) * | 1993-11-04 | 1995-05-11 | Peter Weinmann | Centrifuge with a rotational body which is arranged so as to be rotatable about its axis of symmetry |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP4247520A4 (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2025-06-11 | ASE, Alternative Solar Energy Engine AB. | Method and device for separation and selection of molecules in a gas mixture |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| OP8 | Request for examination as to paragraph 44 patent law | ||
| R016 | Response to examination communication | ||
| R002 | Refusal decision in examination/registration proceedings | ||
| R003 | Refusal decision now final | ||
| R003 | Refusal decision now final |
Effective date: 20150130 |