DE102009008132B4 - Gate control for controlling a motor driven gate - Google Patents

Abstract

Gate control for controlling an electric motor-driven gate, in which the motor for driving the gate can be braked by means of a brake, which has an integrated frequency converter or is fed by a switched-mode power supply, which has a microprocessor unit for processing incoming commands and signals for the purpose of controlling a Gate, for monitoring and testing safety-relevant components and for controlling the integrated frequency converter, and which has a brake control, characterized in that - a voltage control circuit (23) is fed by a direct voltage which is fed from an intermediate circuit (13) into the door control (7) integrated frequency converter (21) or a switched-mode power supply (24) is made available, and - that a voltage control circuit (23) reduces the supplying DC voltage to a low voltage, and - that this low voltage is fed to a brake control (17), which is used as elec tronic switch is designed, and the brake control (17) as a brake (2) by supplying or interrupting the low voltage activating or ...

Description

The invention relates to a gate control for controlling a motor-driven door, which has a drive device for safe control of a brake.

The invention is used in an electronic gate control for a motor-driven gate. The term gate is understood in this context, any device with which a building or a terrain can be closed, including, for example, sliding gates, roller doors, overhead doors or overhead doors or any other design of a gate and barriers.

In particular, the invention relates to a gate controller with integrated frequency converter, which serves to move the electric door drive at different speeds, for example, to allow a smooth start-up and braking of the door or to open and close the door at different speeds.

However, the invention also relates to such gate controls, which are supplied via a switching power supply with electrical extra-low voltage, which is arranged between the AC line voltage and the gate control, and which have no integrated frequency converter. With these gate controls, the motor can be controlled to open and close the gate either via relays or contactors or the gate control controls an externally arranged frequency converter.

An electronic gate control has the task of controlling the electric door drive for the opening and closing movement of the door, to process the signals from commandors for opening and closing the gate, to query encoders for determining the gate position and to process this information and to evaluate the signals of safety-relevant sensors and to control the door drive according to this information.

To ensure that the movement of a door can be stopped quickly and that a fully or partially opened door can not leave its position, state-of-the-art door drives have, in addition to an electric motor and a gear, an electromechanical brake which is open as long as they are is supplied with electrical voltage. As soon as its supply voltage is interrupted, the brake starts to act. These brakes work according to the so-called closed-circuit principle. However, there are also brakes that operate on the so-called working current principle known, which then become active as soon as they are supplied with their supply voltage.

In practice, a variety of different brakes are in use, which, however, are usually all operated with a DC voltage. It is common today to produce the DC voltage through a rectifier, which is located in the immediate vicinity of the brake or can be integrated into the brake. The brakes can be powered by this arrangement with the AC mains voltage.

In order to control the brakes, it has become established to provide a relay output (brake relay) on the gate control, which interrupts the supply voltage to the brake as soon as the gate is to be stopped. The brake relays manage to switch off the brake within a typical time of 5 to 50 milliseconds. Since the rectifier is arranged to generate the DC voltage for the brake in the immediate vicinity of the brake, the respective AC mains voltage is switched by the brake relay of the gate control. The electrical power consumption of brakes is typically in the range around 60 watts. However, this established control of the brake has some disadvantages. A disadvantage is that the brake must be designed for the respective mains AC voltage. At the different locations of use of a gate, however, many different AC line voltages are common. in Europe, for example, in single-phase networks 230 volts and in three-phase networks 400 volts, while in the United States in single-phase networks 115 volts and in three-phase networks 205 volts and 480 volts are found. As a result, a variety of different brakes is necessary, which increases the inventory and logistics.

Another disadvantage is the use of relays, since relays are subject to systemic wear and are also prone to error, which has a certain security risk in the control of the brake result, for example, sticking relay contacts. In addition, short circuits or wiring errors are difficult to monitor or protect and regularly lead to destruction or damage to relay contacts. Also, the suppression of the circuits for controlling the brake is often performed insufficiently.

Due to the fact that the high AC line voltage is to be switched via the relay integrated in the gate control, complex terminals and expensive components are required, to which a mains AC voltage may be connected and which comply with the safety regulations for low voltages.

The state of the art includes gate controls with integrated frequency converter, the for example in the publications DE 295 13 962 U1 and DE 101 42 431 B4 to be discribed. It is characterized in the prior art DE 295 13 962 U1 Gate controller described with frequency converter in that a single microprocessor unit in addition to the logical processing of the input commands, safety functions, detection of the gate position and signaling of states also performs the direct control of an integrated frequency converter.

Also known in the art are gate drives with frequency converters in which a control unit controlled by a microprocessor unit executes the processing of the input commands, safety functions, detection of the gate position and signaling of states. As a frequency converter in this embodiment, a commercial frequency converter unit is used with its own microprocessor unit, which is electrically connected to the control unit and is controlled by this.

This prior art has the disadvantage that no direct intervention in the frequency converter unit is possible, for example, to perform safety-related functions or tap voltages.

In frequency converters according to the prior art, the fed AC line voltage is first rectified by a rectifier circuit in a DC voltage, smoothed and filtered. So that no current peaks, harmonic harmonics or other repercussions of the frequency converter occur in the feeding network and thus the DC voltage has only small amounts of low-frequency or high-frequency harmonics, also includes elements for smoothing and filtering the DC voltage to the rectifier circuit.

The DC voltage is then fed into a so-called intermediate circuit for energy buffering. The rectifier circuit and the intermediate circuit are designed so that sufficient energy for driving a door drive is available. Typical gate drives require an electrical power between 500 watts to 5000 watts. The DC voltage in the intermediate circuit typically has values between 300 volts to 800 volts, depending on the AC voltage supplied to the frequency converter.

Furthermore, the DC voltages for operating the other components of the gate control such as the microprocessor, the inputs and outputs, display displays and LEDs are derived from the DC voltage of the DC link. Since these other components can only be operated with lower voltages of, for example, 5 volts, 12 volts or 24 volts, the high DC voltage of the DC link is reduced by voltage regulators or switching power supplies to the required level of DC voltage.

Connected downstream of the intermediate circuit is an output stage circuit, which generates an AC voltage with a variable frequency for supplying an electric motor with appropriate control from the DC voltage provided by the DC link. Since frequency converters for gate controls usually feed a gate drive, which is designed as a three-phase AC motor, the power amplifier circuit on three parallel power amplifiers, which are controlled by a drive circuit. The drive circuit is arranged between the output stage circuit and a microcontroller and is driven with dynamic signals in such a way that a three-phase AC voltage is generated which has a phase angle of 120 ° between the individual phases.

In addition to a frequency converter, gate controllers according to the state of the art have a microprocessor or microcontroller (hereafter referred to as microprocessor unit) which has the task of processing the input signals of command transmitters, safety sensors and position sensors, monitoring and testing the safety-relevant components, the position of the To monitor gates and to control the drive circuit of the frequency converter according to the applied commands so that the door drive is controlled to open, close or stop the gate.

Gate controllers without integrated frequency converter also have at least one power supply, which is usually designed as a switching power supply. These power supplies are used to supply the components of the gate control such as the microprocessor, the inputs and outputs, display displays and LEDs with a DC voltage.

The prior art ( DE 10 2006 034 962 A1 ) also includes a method for secure braking a hoist and a device for performing the method. This prior art device comprises a frequency converter and a control device. In normal operation, the frequency converter receives from the control device a specification for the frequency to be output and the direction of rotation with which an electric motor drive is to be fed, which in turn is mechanically connected via a drive shaft to a door shaft and in this way a door curtain in motion can put off. The control device of this prior art device controls a brake device that assists a braking operation when the control device detects a deviation that lies outside a previously defined range when comparing setpoint values with actual values. At the same time, the control device drives the frequency converter and gives the frequency converter a frequency setting of zero hertz in order to drastically reduce or stop the speed of the electromotive drive. This prior art device can be improved in terms of the control of the brake.

The technical problem underlying the invention is to provide a device for a gate control, with which a brake can be controlled inexpensively and reliably, and which can be used independently of the local AC mains voltage.

This technical problem is solved by a gate control with the features according to claim 1.

The door control according to the invention for controlling an electric motor driven door, wherein the motor is braked to drive the door by means of a brake having an integrated frequency converter or is powered by a switching power supply comprising a microprocessor unit for processing incoming commands and signals for the purpose of control a gate, for monitoring and testing of safety-relevant components and for driving the integrated frequency converter, and having a brake control, characterized by,

• - That a voltage regulation circuit is fed by a DC voltage, which is provided by a DC link of the integrated in the gate control frequency converter or a switching power supply, and
• - That a voltage control circuit reduces the DC supply voltage to a low voltage, and
• - That this extra voltage is supplied to a brake control, which is designed as an electronic switch, and the brake control is designed as a brake by supplying or interrupting the low voltage activating or deactivating brake control.

By deriving a DC voltage from the intermediate circuit of a frequency converter integrated in the gate controller or a switched-mode power supply, a separate rectifier circuit with the associated devices for smoothing and filtering the voltage for the control of the brake becomes superfluous.

By using a non-hazardous extra low voltage, which is a voltage of up to 50 volts according to relevant standards, no increased safety requirements for electrical safety apply to all terminals and switching elements, as well as conductor spacing and insulation on the door control and they can be carried out with inexpensive components ,

The voltage regulation circuit can be designed, for example, with a linear regulator. Advantageously, however, the use of a switching regulator is proposed to keep the power loss of the regulator low.

Another advantage of the invention is the control of the brake with a DC voltage, which is independent of the local AC mains voltage, which allows a worldwide use of adapted to the gate control brake.

The use of an electronic switch, such as a transistor, has the advantage that very short switching times of, for example, 0.1 milliseconds to 5 milliseconds can be realized, which means that the gate can be braked faster, which is particularly for fast-moving industrial doors, which, for example, close at a speed of one meter per second, represents a significant security gain.

In an advantageous embodiment, the DC voltage for controlling the brake is 24 volts. This voltage has the advantage that many commercial brakes are available for this low voltage.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the brake control is short-circuit proof or overload protected. This can be realized, for example, by selecting the internal resistance of the voltage source to be so high that the electronic switch is not destroyed by a resulting maximum short-circuit current. But it can also be used intelligent electronic switches that open independently from a defined current or which are opened by an external measuring device when a maximum current is exceeded.

This embodiment has the advantage that short circuits, overloads or wiring errors do not lead to damage or destruction of the brake control.

In a further advantageous embodiment, a device is arranged between the brake control and the brake, via which a microprocessor unit can interrogate a current flow to the brake or can measure a voltage level at the output of the brake control. For this purpose, for example, a measuring resistor or a voltage divider circuit can be integrated into the gate control, whose output level can be queried by means of analog / digital converter.

This embodiment has the advantage that the door control can test whether the brake is controlled according to the setpoint specifications, and output an error message when a fault is detected and can put the system in a safe state, which can be previously defined, for example, by parameters.

Several embodiments will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawing. Show it:

1 a schematic representation of a gate with Torsteuerungssystem;

2 a block diagram of a gate control with a device for controlling the brake (brake control);

3 a block diagram of a door control with a brake control and a current measuring device;

4 a block diagram of a gate control with a brake control and a voltage measuring device;

5 a block diagram of a door control with switching power supply and a brake control.

1 shows a goal 1 , which is designed as a sectional door. The gate 1 is in side guide rails 3 guided and can by an electric gate drive, consisting of a motor 8th and a gearbox 4 to be moved up and down. To the engine 8th that has a line connection 6 from a gate control 7 can be supplied with a single-phase or three-phase AC voltage is a brake 2 coupled, via a line connection 5 from the gate control 7 can be supplied with a DC voltage. As long as the brake 2 is supplied with a sufficient DC voltage is the brake 2 open and the engine 8th can turn freely. The gate control 7 has an input device 9 on, about the commands to open, close and stop the gate 1 to the gate control 7 can be given. A security sensor 10 at the bottom of the gate 1 who with the gate control 7 is used to detect an obstacle in the path of movement of the gate.

2 shows function blocks of a door control 7 , which are used to control the electric motor 8th to drive the gate 1 (in 2 not shown) is used. The gate control 7 has a built-in frequency converter 21 on, which consists of the following function blocks: Rectifier 12 , DC link 13 and power stage circuit 14 , The feeding AC voltage is via a mains supply 11 into the frequency converter 21 fed. The DC voltage in the DC link 13 In this case, depending on the frequency of the AC power supply alternating voltage typically values between 300 volts to 800 volts.

A control of the power stage circuit 14 via a drive circuit 15 which has the main task of a microprocessor unit 16 generated dynamic electrical signals to implement so that output stage transistors of the power amplifier circuit 14 be driven with the correct electrical levels.

Central element of the door control 7 is the microprocessor unit 16 , It has the functions, the signals of an input unit 19 receive and process and signals to an output unit 20 output and the drive circuit 15 to control such with dynamic signals that the frequency converter 21 the door drive 8th for the desired speed and direction of rotation supplied with a variable in frequency three-phase AC voltage.

To the input unit 19 For example, security sensors (not shown) for checking whether an obstacle is located near the gate or buttons (not shown) for manual command input for opening, closing or stopping the gate may be connected. However, for example, the signals from radio remote controls, loop detectors, motion detectors or other devices (not shown) may be connected via the gate control 7 a command can be given.

The output unit 20 For example, it is used to control a signal lamp when the gate 1 moves, or to activate a signal lamp, if a malfunction of the gate control 7 present, or to control other external units.

Further, the microprocessor unit controls 16 a brake control 17 , which is designed as an electronic switch, and that of a voltage regulation circuit 23 provided DC voltage, which is a low voltage, to the brake 2 can turn on, or can block this DC voltage as soon as they are accordingly from the microprocessor unit 16 is controlled. The voltage regulation circuit 23 gets out of the DC link 13 supplied with a high DC voltage and has the task of generating a low voltage for controlling the brake from this high DC voltage.

The invention-relevant main features of the gate control 7 make the voltage regulation circuit 23 and the brake control 17 , Which is designed as an electronic switch, because by this construction a reliable and fast switching of the brake 2 is made possible and no additional rectifier for controlling the brake is necessary and the use of a low voltage requires no elaborate execution in compliance with safety regulations for low voltages.

In the following, the same components are identified by the same reference numerals and will not be described in detail.

3 shows a further embodiment of the gate control according to the invention 7 , In this embodiment, a current measuring device 18 between the brake control 17 and the brake 2 arranged. The microprocessor unit 16 has the possibility, the current measuring device 18 interrogate and can thus determine if a current to the brake 2 flows and how high this current is and can thus determine whether the brake control 17 works correctly and whether the brake 2 picks up a current typical for the brake or whether, if necessary, too high or too low current flows, both indicative of a defective brake 2 could be.

4 shows a further embodiment of the gate control according to the invention 7 , In this embodiment, a tension measuring device 22 between the brake control 17 and the brake 2 arranged. The microprocessor unit 16 has the possibility of the voltage measuring device 22 to query whether a voltage at the output of the brake control 17 is applied and how high this voltage is, and can thus determine whether the brake control 17 works correctly and whether the brake 2 is supplied with a sufficiently high voltage or the power supply to the brake according to the control of the brake control 17 was interrupted. In this way, a simple check of the functionality of the brake control 17 respectively.

5 shows an embodiment of a gate controller without integrated frequency converter. In the embodiment illustrated here, the microprocessor unit controls 16 a motor contactor 25 on, which can be designed as a so-called reversing contactor to the engine 8th in the respective desired direction of rotation to control. A switching power supply 24 serves to supply the mains alternating voltage 11 into a DC voltage and the voltage regulation circuit 23 to supply for the generation of low voltage, with a brake control 17 can be fed. The switching power supply 24 also serves other components of the door control such as the microprocessor unit 16 , the input unit 19 or the output unit 20 to supply each with a specific DC voltage.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

gate

2

brake

3

lateral guide rails

4

transmission

5

line connection

6

line connection

7

Gate control

8th

engine

9

input device

10

security sensor

11

power supply

12

rectifier

13

DC

14

amplifier circuit

15

drive circuit

16

microprocessor unit

17

brake control

18

Current measuring device

19

input unit

20

output unit

21

frequency converter

22

Voltage measuring device

23

Voltage control circuit

24

Switching Power Supply

25

motor contactor

Claims (5)

Gate control for controlling an electric motor-driven door, wherein the motor for driving the door is braked by means of a brake having an integrated frequency converter or is powered by a switching power supply, the microprocessor unit for processing of incoming commands and signals for the purpose of controlling a Having gates, for monitoring and testing of safety-relevant components and for driving the integrated frequency converter, and having a brake control, characterized in that - a voltage regulation circuit ( 23 ) is supplied by a DC voltage which is supplied by a DC link ( 13 ) of the door control ( 7 ) integrated frequency converter ( 21 ) or a switched-mode power supply ( 24 ), and - that a voltage regulation circuit ( 23 ) reduces the DC supply voltage to a low voltage, and - that this low voltage of a brake control ( 17 ), which is designed as an electronic switch, and the brake control ( 17 ) as one the brake ( 2 ) by supplying or interrupting the low voltage activating or deactivating brake control ( 17 ) is trained. Door control according to claim 1, characterized in that the low voltage has a value of 24 volts. Gate control according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the brake control ( 17 ) is short-circuit proof and / or overload safe. Gate control according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a current flow between the brake control ( 17 ) and the brake ( 2 ) by means of a current measuring device ( 18 ) by the microprocessor unit ( 16 ) is measurable. Gate control according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a voltage at the output of the brake control ( 23 ) by means of a voltage measuring device ( 22 ) by the microprocessor unit ( 16 ) is measurable.

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